Bootstrap is a toolkit designed to kickstart development of webapps and sites. It includes base CSS and HTML for typography, forms, buttons, tables, grids, navigation, and more.
twitter-bootstrap-rails project integrates Bootstrap CSS toolkit for Rails Asset Pipeline (Rails 3.1, 3.2 and 4.0 supported)
Screencasts provided by Railscasts (Ryan Bates)
Twitter Bootstrap Basics in this episode you will learn how to include Bootstrap into Rails application with the twitter-bootstrap-rails gem.
More on Twitter Bootstrap in this episode continues on the Bootstrap project showing how to display flash messages, add form validations with SimpleForm, customize layout with variables, and switch to using Sass. (Note: This episode is pro episode)
An example application is available at toadkicker/teststrap. You can view it running on heroku here. Contributions welcome.
The Twitter Bootstrap Rails gem can provide the Bootstrap stylesheets in two ways.
The plain CSS way is how Bootstrap is provided on the official website.
The Less way provides more customisation options, like changing theme colors, and provides useful Less mixins for your code, but requires the Less gem and the Ruby Racer Javascript runtime (not available on Microsoft Windows).
To use Less stylesheets, you'll need the less-rails gem, and one of Javascript runtimes supported by CommonJS.
Include these lines in the Gemfile to install the gems from RubyGems.org:
gem "therubyracer"
gem "less-rails" #Sprockets (what Rails 3.1 uses for its asset pipeline) supports LESS
gem "twitter-bootstrap-rails"or you can install from latest build;
gem 'twitter-bootstrap-rails', :git => 'git://github.com/seyhunak/twitter-bootstrap-rails.git'Then run bundle install from the command line:
bundle install
Then run the bootstrap generator to add Bootstrap includes into your assets:
rails generate bootstrap:install less
If you don't need to customize the stylesheets using Less, the only gem you need is the twitter-bootstrap-rails gem:
gem "twitter-bootstrap-rails"After running bundle install, run the generator:
rails generate bootstrap:install static
You can run following generators to get started with Bootstrap quickly.
Layout (generates Bootstrap compatible layout) - (Haml and Slim supported)
Usage:
rails g bootstrap:layout [LAYOUT_NAME] [*fixed or fluid]
Example of a fixed layout:
rails g bootstrap:layout application fixed
Example of a responsive layout:
rails g bootstrap:layout application fluid
Themed (generates Bootstrap compatible scaffold views.) - (Haml and Slim supported)
Usage:
rails g bootstrap:themed [RESOURCE_NAME]
Example:
rails g scaffold Post title:string description:text
rake db:migrate
rails g bootstrap:themed Posts
Notice the plural usage of the resource to generate bootstrap:themed.
Bootstrap was built with Preboot, an open-source pack of mixins and variables to be used in conjunction with Less, a CSS preprocessor for faster and easier web development.
You have to require Bootstrap LESS (bootstrap_and_overrides.css.less) in your application.css
/*
*= require bootstrap_and_overrides
*/
/* Your stylesheets goes here... */To use individual components from bootstrap, your bootstrap_and_overrides.less could look like this:
@import "twitter/bootstrap/reset.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/variables.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/mixins.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/scaffolding.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/grid.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/layouts.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/type.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/forms.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/wells.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/component-animations.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/buttons.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/close.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/navs.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/navbar.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/labels-badges.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/hero-unit.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/utilities.less";
@import "twitter/bootstrap/responsive";If you'd like to alter Bootstrap's own variables, or define your LESS styles inheriting Bootstrap's mixins, you can do so inside bootstrap_and_overrides.css.less:
@linkColor: #ff0000;If you are using SASS to compile your application.css (e.g. your manifest file is application.css.sass or application.css.scss) you may get this:
Invalid CSS after "*": expected "{", was "= require twitt..."
(in app/assets/stylesheets/application.css)
(sass)
If this is the case, you must use @import instead of *= in your manifest file, or don't compile your manifest with SASS.
By default, this gem overrides standard Bootstraps's Glyphicons with Font Awesome (http://fortawesome.github.com/Font-Awesome/).
This should appear inside _bootstrap_and_overrides (based on you twitter-bootstrap-rails version)
From 2.2.7
// Font Awesome
@fontAwesomeEotPath: asset-url("fontawesome-webfont.eot");
@fontAwesomeEotPath_iefix: asset-url("fontawesome-webfont.eot?#iefix");
@fontAwesomeWoffPath: asset-url("fontawesome-webfont.woff");
@fontAwesomeTtfPath: asset-url("fontawesome-webfont.ttf");
@fontAwesomeSvgPath: asset-url("fontawesome-webfont.svg#fontawesomeregular");
@import "fontawesome/font-awesome";Before 2.2.7
// Font Awesome
@fontAwesomeEotPath: "/assets/fontawesome-webfont.eot";
@fontAwesomeEotPath_iefix: "/assets/fontawesome-webfont.eot?#iefix";
@fontAwesomeWoffPath: "/assets/fontawesome-webfont.woff";
@fontAwesomeTtfPath: "/assets/fontawesome-webfont.ttf";
@fontAwesomeSvgPath: "/assets/fontawesome-webfont.svg#fontawesomeregular";
@import "fontawesome";If you would like to restore the default Glyphicons, inside the bootstrap_and_overrides.css.less remove the FontAwesome declaration and uncomment the line:
// Font Awesome
// @fontAwesomeEotPath: asset-url("fontawesome-webfont.eot");
// @fontAwesomeEotPath_iefix: asset-url("fontawesome-webfont.eot?#iefix");
// @fontAwesomeWoffPath: asset-url("fontawesome-webfont.woff");
// @fontAwesomeTtfPath: asset-url("fontawesome-webfont.ttf");
// @fontAwesomeSvgPath: asset-url("fontawesome-webfont.svg#fontawesomeregular");
// @import "fontawesome/font-awesome";
// Glyphicons
@import "twitter/bootstrap/sprites.less";Require Bootstrap JS (bootstrap.js) in your application.js
//= require twitter/bootstrap
$(function(){
/* Your javascripts goes here... */
});If you want to customize what is loaded, your application.js would look something like this
#= require jquery
#= require jquery_ujs
#= require twitter/bootstrap/bootstrap-transition
#= require twitter/bootstrap/bootstrap-alert
#= require twitter/bootstrap/bootstrap-modal
#= require twitter/bootstrap/bootstrap-button
#= require twitter/bootstrap/bootstrap-collapse...and so on for each bootstrap js component.
Using Bootstrap with the CoffeeScript is easy. twitter-bootstrap-rails generates a "bootstrap.js.coffee" file for you to /app/assets/javascripts/ folder.
jQuery ->
$("a[rel~=popover], .has-popover").popover()
$("a[rel~=tooltip], .has-tooltip").tooltip()You can create modals easily using the following example. The header, body, and footer all accept content_tag or plain html. The href of the button to launch the modal must matche the id of the modal dialog.
<%= content_tag :a, "Modal", :href => "#modal", :class => 'btn', :data => {:toggle => 'modal'} %>
<%= modal_dialog :id => "modal",
:header => { :show_close => true, :dismiss => 'modal', :title => 'Modal header' },
:body => 'This is the body',
:footer => content_tag(:button, 'Save', :class => 'btn') %>
It should let you write things like:
<%= nav_bar :fixed => :top, :brand => "Fashionable Clicheizr 2.0", :responsive => true do %>
<%= menu_group do %>
<%= menu_item "Home", root_path %>
<%= menu_divider %>
<%= drop_down "Products" do %>
<%= menu_item "Things you can't afford", expensive_products_path %>
<%= menu_item "Things that won't suit you anyway", harem_pants_path %>
<%= menu_item "Things you're not even cool enough to buy anyway", hipster_products_path %>
<% if current_user.lives_in_hackney? %>
<%= menu_item "Bikes", fixed_wheel_bikes_path %>
<% end %>
<% end %>
<%= menu_item "About Us", about_us_path %>
<%= menu_item "Contact", contact_path %>
<% end %>
<%= menu_group :pull => :right do %>
<% if current_user %>
<%= menu_item "Log Out", log_out_path %>
<% else %>
<%= form_for @user, :url => session_path(:user), html => {:class=> "navbar-form pull-right"} do |f| -%>
<p><%= f.text_field :email %></p>
<p><%= f.password_field :password %></p>
<p><%= f.submit "Sign in" %></p>
<% end -%>
<% end %>
<% end %>
<% end %>
In your view file (most likely application.html.erb) to get a basic navbar set up you need to do this:
<%= nav_bar %>
Which will render:
<div class="navbar">
<div class="navbar-inner">
<div class="container">
</div>
</div>
</div>
If you want the navbar to stick to the top of the screen, pass in the option like this:
<%= nav_bar :fixed => :top %>
To render:
<div class="navbar navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="navbar-inner">
<div class="container">
</div>
</div>
</div>
If you want a full-width navbar that scrolls away with the page, pass in the option like this:
<%= nav_bar :static => :top %>
To render:
<div class="navbar navbar-static-top">
<div class="navbar-inner">
<div class="container">
</div>
</div>
</div>
Add the name of your site on the left hand edge of the navbar. By default, it will link to root_url. Passing a brand_link option will set the url to whatever you want.
<%= nav_bar :brand => "We're sooo web 2.0alizr", :brand_link => account_dashboard_path %>
Which will render:
<div class="navbar">
<div class="navbar-inner">
<div class="container">
<a class="brand" href="/accounts/dashboard">
We're sooo web 2.0alizr
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
If you want the responsive version of the navbar to work (One that shrinks down on mobile devices etc.), you need to pass this option:
<%= nav_bar :responsive => true %>
Which renders the html quite differently:
<div class="navbar">
<div class="navbar-inner">
<div class="container">
<!-- .btn-navbar is used as the toggle for collapsed navbar content -->
<a class="btn btn-navbar" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".nav-collapse">
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</a>
<!-- Everything in here gets hidden at 940px or less -->
<div class="nav-collapse">
<!-- menu items gets rendered here instead -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
This is the 'meat' of the code where you define your menu items.
You can group menu items in theoretical boxes which you can apply logic to - e.g. show different collections for logged in users/logged out users, or simply right align a group.
The active menu item will be inferred from the link for now.
The important methods here are menu_group and menu_item.
menu_group only takes one argument - :pull - this moves the group left or right when passed :left or :right.
menu_item generates a link wrapped in an li tag. It takes two arguments and an options hash. The first argument is the name (the text that will appear in the menu), and the path (which defaults to "#" if left blank). The rest of the options are passed straight through to the link_to helper, so that you can add classes, ids, methods or data tags etc.
<%= nav_bar :fixed => :top, :brand => "Ninety Ten" do %>
<% menu_group do %>
<%= menu_item "Home", root_path %>
<%= menu_item "About Us", about_us_path %>
<%= menu_item "Contact", contact_path %>
<% end %>
<% if current_user %>
<%= menu_item "Log Out", log_out_path %>
<% else %>
<% menu_group :pull => :right do %>
<%= menu_item "Sign Up", registration_path %>
<% form_for @user, :url => session_path(:user) do |f| -%>
<p><%= f.text_field :email %></p>
<p><%= f.password_field :password %></p>
<p><%= f.submit "Sign in" %></p>
<% end -%>
<% end %>
<% end %>
<% end %>
For multi-level list options, where it makes logical sense to group menu items, or simply to save space if you have a lot of pages, you can group menu items into drop down lists like this:
<%= nav_bar do %>
<%= menu_item "Home", root_path %>
<%= drop_down "Products" do %>
<%= menu_item "Latest", latest_products_path %>
<%= menu_item "Top Sellers", popular_products_path %>
<%= drop_down_divider %>
<%= menu_item "Discount Items", discounted_products_path %>
<% end %>
<%= menu_item "About Us", about_us_path %>
<%= menu_item "Contact", contact_path %>
<% end %>
Dividers are just vertical bars that visually separate logically disparate groups of menu items
<%= nav_bar :fixed => :bottom do %>
<%= menu_item "Home", root_path %>
<%= menu_item "About Us", about_us_path %>
<%= menu_item "Contact", contact_path %>
<%= menu_divider %>
<%= menu_item "Edit Profile", edit_user_path(current_user) %>
<%= menu_item "Account Settings", edit_user_account_path(current_user, @account) %>
<%= menu_item "Log Out", log_out_path %>
<% end %>
At the moment - this is just a how to...
You need to add this class to the form itself (Different form builders do this in different ways - please check out the relevant docs)
.navbar-formTo pull the form left or right, add either of these classes:
.pull-left
.pull-rightIf you want the Bootstrap search box (I think it just rounds the corners), use:
.navbar-searchInstead of:
.navbar-formTo change the size of the form fields, use .span2 (or however many span widths you want) to the input itself.
You can shift things to the left or the right across the nav bar. It's easiest to do this on grouped menu items:
<%= nav_bar :fixed => :bottom do %>
<% menu_group do %>
<%= menu_item "Home", root_path %>
<%= menu_item "About Us", about_us_path %>
<%= menu_item "Contact", contact_path %>
<% end %>
<% menu_group :pull => :right do %>
<%= menu_item "Edit Profile", edit_user_path(current_user) %>
<%= menu_item "Account Settings", edit_user_account_path(current_user, @account) %>
<%= menu_item "Log Out", log_out_path %>
<% end %>
<% end %>
If you want to put regular plain text in the navbar anywhere, you do it like this:
<%= nav_bar :brand => "Apple" do %>
<%= menu_text "We make shiny things" %>
<%= menu_item "Home", root_path %>
<%= menu_item "About Us", about_us_path %>
<% end %>
It also takes the :pull option to drag it to the left or right.
Add flash helper <%= bootstrap_flash %> to your layout (built-in with layout generator)
Notice If your application is using breadcrumbs-on-rails you will have a namespace collision with the add_breadcrumb method. You do not need to use these breadcrumb gems since this gem provides the same functionality out of the box without the additional dependency.
Add breadcrumbs helper <%= render_breadcrumbs %> to your layout.
You can also specify a divider for it like this: <%= render_breadcrumbs('>') %> (default divider is /).
class ApplicationController
add_breadcrumb :root # 'root_path' will be used as url
endclass ExamplesController < ApplicationController
add_breadcrumb :index, :examples_path
def edit
@example = Example.find params[:id]
add_breadcrumb @example # @example.to_s as name, example_path(@example) as url
add_breadcrumb :edit, edit_example_path(@example)
end
endAll symbolic names translated with I18n. See I18n Internatiolization Support section.
Badge:
<%= badge(12, :warning) %> <span class="badge badge-warning">12</span>Label:
<%= label('Gut!', :success) %> <span class="badge badge-success">Gut!</span>Glyph:
<%= glyph(:pencil) %> <i class="icon-pencil"></i>###I18n Internationalization Support The installer creates an english translation file for you and copies it to config/locales/en.bootstrap.yml
NOTE: If you are using Devise in your project, you must have a devise locale file for handling flash messages, even if those messages are blank. See https://github.com/plataformatec/devise/wiki/I18n
- Version 0.0.5 deprecated
- Asset files updated to latest and removed version numbers
- Implemented Less::Rails Railtie to use with LESS
- Fixed railtie to only initialize Less when installed
- New branch for the static version of Bootstrap (w/o Less) - check static branch
- Added path to support heroku deploy
- Rake precompile issue fixed
- Updated asset files to 1.4.0
- Updated dependency less-rails (now requires 2.1.0)
- Added generators
- Fixed generators
- Fixed class name conflicts from (bootstrap.js.coffee)
- Fixed jquery-rails gem version dependency
- Updated asset files
- Added new generators (install, layout and themed)
- Compability to Rails 3.2
- Transitioning to 2.0
- Released gem v.2.0rc0
- Added Haml and Slim support
- Added Responsive layout support
- Fixes and release 2.0.0
- Updated to v2.0.1, versioned v2.0.1.0
- Released gem v.2.0.3
- Released gem v.2.0.4
- Released gem v.2.0.5
- Added SimpleForm support
- Added FontAwesome support
- Released gem v.2.0.6
- Released gem v.2.0.7
- Released gem v.2.0.8
- Released gem v.2.0.9 (Bootstrap 2.0.4 and FontAwesome 2.0 support)
- Released gem v.2.1.0 (JRuby support)
- Released gem v.2.1.1 (minor fixes)
- Flash block message helper added
- Released gem v.2.1.2 (minor fixes and updated to Twitter Bootstrap 2.1.0)
- Released gem v.2.1.3 (minor fixes and updated to Twitter Bootstrap 2.1.1)
- Released gem v.2.1.4 (minor fixes)
- Released gem v.2.1.5 (minor fixes, install generator detects javascript template engine, updated to Twitter Bootstrap 2.2.1)
- Released gem v.2.1.6 (minor fixes)
- Added static stylesheets support
- Released gem v.2.1.8 and updated to Twitter Bootstrap 2.2.2
- Released gem v.2.1.9
- Released gem v.2.2.0 (Font Awesome 3)
- Released gem v.2.2.1 (minor fixes and updates)
- Released gem v.2.2.2 (Bootstrap 2.3.0)
- Released gem v.2.2.3 (Minor fixes)
- Released gem v.2.2.4 (Minor fixes)
- Released gem v.2.2.5 (Bootstrap 2.3.1)
- Released gem v.2.2.6
- Released gem v.2.2.7 (Fixes)
- Releases gem v.2.2.8
- Ben Lovell
- Daniel Morris
- Bradly Feeley
- Guilherme Moreira
- Alex Behar
- Brandon Keene
- Anthony Corcutt
- Colin Warren
- Giovanni Cappellotto
- Masakuni Kato
- Gudleik Rasch
- Thomas Volkmar Worm
- Thiago Almeida
- Sébastien Grosjean
- Nick DeSteffen
- Christian Joudrey
- Todd Baur
- Leonid Shevtsov
Lead/ Senior Developer - Programmer @useful (Usefulideas) Istanbul / Turkey
Seyhun Akyürek - seyhunak [at] gmail com
(Twitter, Facebook, Linkedin, Google+, Github)
Please +K my influence in Ruby on Rails on @klout
Want to donate for my efforts? Show your love
Bootstrap and all twitter-bootstrap-rails contributors http://twbs.github.io/bootstrap
Copyright (c) 2012 Seyhun Akyürek
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.