Refactor core loop logic and add nested loop tests

[sinkingsugar]

Refactor loop structures in core module to improve readability and efficiency. Introduce finite and infinite loop handling with separate logic paths. Modify math module to simplify activation return flow. Add nested loop performance test script. Update .gitignore to exclude profile.json.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 80.00000% with 6 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 81.14%. Comparing base (bfb7978) to head (cc79d02).
Report is 2 commits behind head on devel.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
shards/modules/core/core.hpp	79.31%	6 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##            devel    #1089      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   81.15%   81.14%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         358      358              
  Lines       61719    61724       +5     
==========================================
  Hits        50088    50088              
- Misses      11631    11636       +5     

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