JAUL Compiler Pack

JAUL means Just Another Useless Language.

Contents

• About language - Syntax

  • Blocks separation
  • Variable types
  • Functions
  • Branching
  • Input and output
  • Operators

• Using - Compiler

• Compilation principle

• Object files

• Assembly

• Examples

JAUL syntax bible

1. Blocks of code are separated with indents.

2. Syntax have simple dynamic-typization -- two types (integer and float) has 4 bytes length.

   Type redefinition avalible only in linear blocks - if you try to assign float number to integer variable in cycle you get assignment error. To redifine type in cycle and fix this error, use manual redefinition - functions float() and int()

3. New functions declaring like this:

   def new_function(a, b, ...)
       operator
       operator
       .
       .
       .
       operator
       return result
   

   or like this:

   def new_void_function(a, b, ...)
       operator
       operator
       .
       .
       .
       operator
   

   Also you can create functions without any parameters.

   Beware! Compiler doesn't check count and correctness of parameters in function call.

4. Language supports the following branching operators:

   If-else branching:

   if statement
       operator
       .
       .
       .
   else
       operator
       .
       .
       .
   

   In if-else branching you can omit else branch.

   While cycle:

   while statement
       operator
       operator
       .
       .
       .
   

   For cycle:

   repeat count times
       operator
       operator
       .
       .
       .
   

   Here count - integer variable or integer number - count of reiterations, times - name of variable-counter in this cycle.

   You can also use conrol words break or continue in cycles to control execution flow

5. Default input() and print() functions are created for floats only.
   To use those functions for ints, use i_input() and i_print().

6. Supported operators:

   Arithmetics: +, -, *, /
   Comparison: >, >=, <, <=, ==, !=
   Logic: &&, ||

7. Examples of working code you can find in examples folder

Using - Compiler

Usage: jc [options] file...
If compiler not installed to /usr/bin/, use ./jc [options] file...

Compiler supports compilation options:

• -v or --verbose - verbose compilation (by default compiler shows only errors/warnings)
  -h or --help - show help and exit

• -p or --only_preprocess - only preprocess and save preprocessed code to output path
  -l or --nasm_listing - make NASM listing it to output path

• --virtual - compile code for JVM
  --obj - compile code and save it to object file
  If options -p, -l, --virtual or --obj not given, compiling directly into ELF-64 executable.

• -o0, -o1, -o2 - optimization levels

• -o <filename> - set output file name

Compiler takes three file types as input:

• .j - simple hi-level source (Examples)
• .jo - object files

Compilation principle

All source files importing to Source objects.

• JAUL Source
  First of all, Source class building Abstract Syntax Tree and by which compiling instructions to Binary class object. After that Binary object optimizing and calculating local labels, byte code unites function by function (one function in one Binary::Token)

• JAUL Object
  Source class just keeping byte code of object file, after that transmits it to Binary object. It builds object file function by function (one function in one Binary::Token).

• JAUL Assebler Language
  It works like object files, but building Binary object basing on JASM code and after that optimizing and calculating local labels like in JAUL source compilation.

When all Binary objects are compiled, optimized and calculated, compiler linking them to one Binary object with all functions. If object generation choosen, this Binary object just saving in file (Object files) Else compiler calculating function labels in linked Binary, generating ELF-64 (or JVM) header and saving all compiled code to executable file.

Object files

Object files contains pre-compiled code and function names for linker.

First 4 bytes is JAUL, next 8 bytes is long int with length of subsequent executable bytecode.

Bytecode contains name of function and bytecode of this function.

	Name length	Name	Bytes count	Bytecode
Size	4 bytes	???	8 bytes	???
Type	int	char*	long int	char*

You can make your own object library from assembler with makeobj tool from Accessory
Information about usage and requirements of this tool you can read by the link above.

Assembly

Compile JC: make jc
Compile JVM: make jvm
Compile both: make jcp

If you want to install JAUL Compiler Pack to /usr/bin type sudo make install

make builds all programms in repository (inlcuding readBinary).

make clean - Delete all compilation results
sudo make uninstall - Uninstall all programms and delete all compilation results

Examples

Examples of working code you can find in examples folder.