Add cppdemangle in druntime

Having a C++ symbol demangler is very useful, with this it will
be possible to implement the C++ symbol demangle in the stacktrace.

The demangling is done in Posix platform by function __cxa_demangle
presents in Itanium C++ ABI (https://itanium-cxx-abi.github.io/cxx-abi/abi.html#demangler).

Itanium C++ ABI is used practically in all modern C++ compilers on Posix,
however old compilers (like GCC < 3.0) used a different name mangling,
this is not a problem because DMD in fact only supports Itanium C++ ABI on Posix.

For Windows instead the implementation it is provided by the UnDecorateSymbolName
function present in the Debug Help Library.
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/dbghelp/nf-dbghelp-undecoratesymbolname)

Signed-off-by: Ernesto Castellotti <mail@ernestocastellotti.it>

mak/COPY

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ COPY=\
 	$(IMPDIR)\core\internal\atomic.d \
 	$(IMPDIR)\core\internal\attributes.d \
 	$(IMPDIR)\core\internal\convert.d \
+	$(IMPDIR)\core\internal\cppdemangle.d \
 	$(IMPDIR)\core\internal\dassert.d \
 	$(IMPDIR)\core\internal\destruction.d \
 	$(IMPDIR)\core\internal\entrypoint.d \

mak/SRCS

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ SRCS=\
 	src\core\internal\atomic.d \
 	src\core\internal\attributes.d \
 	src\core\internal\convert.d \
+	src\core\internal\cppdemangle.d \
 	src\core\internal\dassert.d \
 	src\core\internal\destruction.d \
 	src\core\internal\entrypoint.d \

mak/WINDOWS

@@ -132,6 +132,9 @@ $(IMPDIR)\core\internal\attributes.d : src\core\internal\attributes.d
 $(IMPDIR)\core\internal\convert.d : src\core\internal\convert.d
 	copy $** $@
 
+$(IMPDIR)\core\internal\cppdemangle.d : src\core\internal\cppdemangle.d
+	copy $** $@
+
 $(IMPDIR)\core\internal\dassert.d : src\core\internal\dassert.d
 	copy $** $@
 

src/core/internal/cppdemangle.d

@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+/**
+* This module provides functions to demangle C++ symbols
+*
+* For Posix platform the demangling is done by function `__cxa_demangle` presents in Itanium C++ ABI.
+* For Windows platform the demangling is done by function `UnDecorateSymbolName` presents in the Debug Help Library
+* If the function is not found or something fails, the original mangled C++ name will be returned.
+*
+* Copyright: Copyright © 2020, The D Language Foundation
+* License: $(HTTP www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt, Boost License 1.0).
+* Authors: Ernesto Castellotti
+* Source: $(DRUNTIMESRC core/internal/_cppdemangle.d)
+*/
+module core.internal.cppdemangle;
+
+version (Windows)
+{
+    version (ANSI) {} else version = Unicode;
+}
+
+/**
+* Demangles C++ mangled names.
+*
+* If it is not a C++ mangled name or cppdemangle is not supported by your platform, the original mangled C++ name will be returned.
+* The optional destination buffer and return will be contains the same string if the demangle is successful.
+*
+ * Params:
+ *  buf = The string to demangle.
+ *  dst = The destination buffer, if the size of the destination buffer is <= the size of cppdemangle output the return string would be incomplete.
+ *  withPrefix = If true, add the prefix (followed by a space) before the C++ demangled name, make sure the target buffer is at least large to contain the prefix.
+ *  prefix = Specifies the prefix to be added to the beginning of the string containing the demangled name
+ *
+ * Returns:
+ *  The demangled name or the original string if the name is not a mangled C++ name.
+ */
+char[] cppdemangle(const(char)[] buf, char[] dst, bool withPrefix = false, string prefix = "[C++]") @safe
+{
+    CPPDemangle.inizialize();
+    return CPPDemangle.instance.cppdemangle(buf, dst, withPrefix, prefix);
+}
+
+package struct CPPDemangle
+{
+    private __gshared CPPDemangle _instance;
+    private __gshared bool isInizialized;
+
+    version (Posix)
+    {
+        @nogc nothrow extern(C)
+        {
+            private extern(C) char* function(const char* mangled_name, char* dst_buffer, size_t* length, int* status) __cxa_demangle;
+        }
+
+        private __gshared void* _handle;
+    }
+    else version (Windows)
+    {
+        import core.sys.windows.dbghelp : UnDecorateSymbolNameFunc;
+
+        @nogc nothrow extern(System)
+        {
+            private UnDecorateSymbolNameFunc UnDecorateSymbolName;
+        }
+    }
+
+    version (Posix)
+    {
+        static ~this() {
+            import core.sys.posix.dlfcn : dlclose;
+
+            if (isInizialized)
+            {
+                dlclose(_handle);
+                _handle = null;
+                isInizialized = false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    char[] cppdemangle(const(char)[] buf, char[] dst, bool withPrefix, string prefix) @safe
+    {
+        auto dstStart = withPrefix ? prefix.length + 1 : 0; // Add prefix + space
+        assert(dst !is null && dst.length > dstStart, "The destination buffer is null or too small for perform demangle");
+
+        auto demangle = _cppdemangle(buf, dst[dstStart..$]);
+
+        if (demangle is null)
+        {
+            return copyResult(buf, dst);
+        }
+
+        if (withPrefix)
+        {
+            dst[0..dstStart - 1] = prefix;
+            dst[dstStart - 1] = ' ';
+        }
+
+        return dst[0..(demangle.length + dstStart)];
+    }
+
+    static CPPDemangleStatus inizialize() @trusted
+    {
+        if (isInizialized)
+        {
+            return CPPDemangleStatus.INIZIALIZED;
+        }
+
+        version (iOS)
+        {
+            // Not supported (dlopen doesn't work)
+            // Fix me
+        }
+        else version (Posix)
+        {
+            import core.sys.posix.dlfcn : dlsym, dlopen, dlclose, RTLD_LAZY;
+
+            auto handle = dlopen(null, RTLD_LAZY);
+            assert(handle !is null);
+            auto p = dlsym(handle, "__cxa_demangle");
+
+            if (p !is null)
+            {
+                _handle = handle;
+                _instance.__cxa_demangle = cast(typeof(CPPDemangle.__cxa_demangle)) p;
+                isInizialized = true;
+                return CPPDemangleStatus.INIZIALIZED;
+            }
+
+            dlclose(handle);
+
+            version (OSX)
+                enum names = ["libc++abi.dylib", "libstdc++.dylib"];
+            else version (Posix)
+            {
+                enum names = ["libstdc++.so", "libstdc++.so.6", "libstdc++.so.5",
+                "libc++abi.so", "libc++abi.so.1"];
+            }
+
+            foreach (name; names)
+            {
+                handle = dlopen(name.ptr, RTLD_LAZY);
+
+                if (handle !is null)
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (handle is null)
+            {
+                return CPPDemangleStatus.LOAD_ERROR;
+            }
+
+            p = dlsym(handle, "__cxa_demangle");
+
+            if (p !is null)
+            {
+                _handle = handle;
+                _instance.__cxa_demangle = cast(typeof(CPPDemangle.__cxa_demangle)) p;
+                isInizialized = true;
+                return CPPDemangleStatus.INIZIALIZED;
+            }
+        }
+
+        version (Windows)
+        {
+            import core.sys.windows.dbghelp : DbgHelp;
+
+            auto dbgHelp = DbgHelp.get();
+
+            if (dbgHelp is null)
+            {
+                return CPPDemangleStatus.LOAD_ERROR;
+            }
+
+            auto func = dbgHelp.UnDecorateSymbolName;
+
+            if (dbgHelp.UnDecorateSymbolName !is null)
+            {
+                _instance.UnDecorateSymbolName = dbgHelp.UnDecorateSymbolName;
+                isInizialized = true;
+                return CPPDemangleStatus.INIZIALIZED;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return CPPDemangleStatus.SYMBOL_ERROR;
+    }
+
+    static CPPDemangle instance() @trusted
+    {
+        return _instance;
+    }
+
+    private char[] _cppdemangle(const(char)[] buf, char[] dst) @trusted
+    {
+        import core.memory : pureCalloc, pureFree;
+        import core.stdc.string : strlen;
+
+        if (!isInizialized)
+        {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        version (Unicode)
+        {
+            import core.internal.utf : toUTF16z, toUTF8;
+            auto mangledName = toUTF16z(buf);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            auto mangledName = cast(char*) pureCalloc(buf.length + 1, char.sizeof);
+            scope(exit) pureFree(mangledName);
+            mangledName[0..buf.length] = buf[];
+        }
+
+        version (Posix)
+        {
+            int result;
+            auto demangledNamePtr = _instance.__cxa_demangle(mangledName, null, null, &result);
+
+            if (result != 0)
+            {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            auto demangledName = demangledNamePtr[0..strlen(demangledNamePtr)];
+            scope(exit) pureFree(demangledNamePtr);
+        }
+
+        version (Windows)
+        {
+            import core.sys.windows.winnt : TCHAR;
+
+            TCHAR[2048] outBuf;
+            auto result = _instance.UnDecorateSymbolName(mangledName, outBuf.ptr, outBuf.length, 0);
+
+            if (result <= 0)
+            {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            version (Unicode)
+            {
+                auto demangledName = toUTF8(outBuf[0..result]);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                auto demangleName = outBuf[0..result];
+            }
+        }
+
+        return copyResult(demangledName, dst);
+    }
+}
+
+package enum CPPDemangleStatus
+{
+    INIZIALIZED = 1,
+    LOAD_ERROR = -1,
+    SYMBOL_ERROR = -2
+}
+
+package char[] copyResult(const(char)[] input, char[] dst) @safe @nogc nothrow
+{
+    auto len = input.length <= dst.length ? input.length : dst.length;
+    dst[0..len] = input[0..len];
+    dst[len..$] = '\0';
+    return dst[0..len];
+}