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# Usage
# Usage Instructions

This page contains detailed documentation to help you use the Spaces SDK.

## Prerequisites

### Ably API key

To use Spaces, you will need the following:
To start using this SDK, you will need the following:

* An Ably account
* You can [sign up](https://ably.com/signup) for free
* You can [sign up](https://ably.com/signup) to the generous free tier.
* An Ably API key
* Create API keys in an app within your [Ably account](https://ably.com/dashboard)
* The API key needs the following [capabilities](https://ably.com/docs/realtime/authentication#capabilities-explained): `publish`, `subscribe`, `presence` and `history`
* Use the default or create a new API key in an app within your [Ably account dashboard](https://ably.com/dashboard).
* Make sure your API key has the following [capabilities](https://ably.com/docs/auth/capabilities): `publish`, `subscribe`, `presence` and `history`.

### Environment

Expand All @@ -20,14 +22,10 @@ Spaces is built on top of the [Ably JavaScript SDK](https://github.com/ably/ably

### NPM

```sh
npm install @ably-labs/spaces
```

If you need the Ably client (see [Authentication & instantiation](#authentication-and-instantiation))
You'll need to install both the ably client and the spaces client:

```sh
npm install ably
npm install ably @ably-labs/spaces
```

### CDN
Expand All @@ -39,23 +37,11 @@ You can also use Spaces with a CDN like [unpkg](https://www.unpkg.com/):
<script src="https://unpkg.com/@ably-labs/spaces@0.0.10/dist/iife/index.bundle.js"></script>
```

Note that when you use a CDN, you need to include Ably Client as well, the Spaces bundle does not include it.

## Authentication and instantiation

Spaces use an [Ably promise-based realtime client](https://github.com/ably/ably-js#using-the-async-api-style). You can either pass an existing client to Spaces or pass the [client options](https://ably.com/docs/api/realtime-sdk?lang=javascript#client-options) directly to the spaces constructor.

To instantiate with options, you will need at minimum an [Ably API key](#ably-api-key) and a [clientId](https://ably.com/docs/auth/identified-clients?lang=javascripts). A clientId represents an identity of an connection. In most cases this will something like the id of a user:

_**Deprecated: the ClientOptions option will be removed in the next release. Use the Ably client instance method described underneath.**_

```ts
import Spaces from '@ably-labs/spaces';

const spaces = new Spaces({ key: "<API-key>", clientId: "<client-ID>" });
```
Spaces use an [Ably promise-based realtime client](https://github.com/ably/ably-js#using-the-async-api-style). You can pass an Ably client directly to the spaces constructor.

If you already have an ably client in your application, you can just pass it directly to Spaces (the client will still need to instantiated with a clientId):
The Ably client instantiation accepts client options. You will need at minimum an [Ably API key](#ably-api-key) and a [clientId](https://ably.com/docs/auth/identified-clients?lang=javascripts). A clientId represents an identity of an connection. In most cases this will something like the id of a user:

```ts
import { Realtime } from 'ably/promise';
Expand All @@ -65,13 +51,13 @@ const client = new Realtime.Promise({ key: "<API-key>", clientId: "<client-ID>"
const spaces = new Spaces(client);
```

In both scenarios, you can access the client via `spaces.ably`.
You can access the Ably client via `spaces.ably`.

To learn more about authenticating with ably, see our [authentication documentation](https://ably.com/docs/auth).

## Create a space

A space is the virtual area of an application you want to collaborate in, such as a web page, or slideshow. A `space` is uniquely identified by its name. A space is created, or an existing space retrieved from the `spaces` collection by calling the `get()` method. You can only connect to one space in a single operation. The following is an example of creating a space called "demonSlideshow":
A space is the virtual area of an application you want users to collaborate in, such as a web page, or slideshow. A `space` is uniquely identified by its name. A space is created, or an existing space retrieved from the `spaces` collection by calling the `get()` method. You can only connect to one space in a single operation. The following is an example of creating a space called "demonSlideshow":

```ts
const space = await spaces.get('demoSlideshow');
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -130,7 +116,7 @@ A leave event is sent when a user leaves a space. This can occur for one of the
- The user closes the tab
- The user is abruptly disconnected from the internet for longer than 2 minutes

A leave event does not remove the member immediately from members. Instead, they are removed after a timeout which is configurable by the [`offlineTimeout` option](#options). This allows the UI to display an intermediate state before disconnection/reconnection.
A leave event does not remove the member immediately from `space.members`. Instead, they are removed after a timeout which is configurable by the [`offlineTimeout` option](#options). This allows the UI to display an intermediate state before disconnection/reconnection.

As with `enter`, you can update the `profileData` on leave:

Expand All @@ -143,7 +129,7 @@ space.leave({

### Update profileData

To update `profileData` provided when entering the space, use the `updateProfileData` method. Pass new `profileData` or a function to base the new `profileData` of the existing value:
To update `profileData` after entering the space, use the `updateProfileData()` method. Pass new `profileData` or a function to base the new `profileData` of the existing value:

```ts
await space.updateProfileData((oldProfileData) => {
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -179,15 +165,21 @@ See [SpaceMember](/docs/class-definitions.md#spacemember) for details on propert

### Member events

Subscribe to either `enter`, `leave`, `remove` or `update` events related to members in a space.
Subscribe to either all the member events or specifically to `enter`, `leave`, `remove` or `update` events related to members in a space.

```ts
space.members.subscribe((memberUpdate) => {
console.log(memberUpdate);
});
```

#### enter

Emitted when a member enters a space. Called with the member entering the space.

```ts
space.members.subscribe('enter', (memberJoins) => {
console.log(memberJoins);
space.members.subscribe('enter', (memberJoined) => {
console.log(memberJoined);
});
```

Expand All @@ -213,20 +205,11 @@ space.members.subscribe('remove', (memberRemoved) => {

#### update

Emitted when for `enter`, `leave` and `remove` events in a space:

Emitted when a member updates their `profileData` via `space.updateProfileData()`:

```ts
space.members.subscribe('update', (memberUpdate) => {
console.log(memberUpdate);
});
```

This is the same as not specifying the event:

```ts
space.members.subscribe((memberUpdate) => {
console.log(memberUpdate);
space.members.subscribe('update', (memberProfileUpdated) => {
console.log(memberProfileUpdated);
});
```

Expand All @@ -247,21 +230,14 @@ The location property will be set on the [member](#members).

A location event will be emitted when a member updates their location:

```ts
space.subscribe('update', (member) => {
console.log(member.location);
});
```
When a member leaves, their location is set to `null`.

However, it's possible to listen to just location updates. `locations` is an [event emitter](#event-emitters) and will emit the `locationUpdate` event:

```ts
space.locations.subscribe('update', (locationUpdate) => {
console.log(locationUpdate);
});
```

When a member leaves, their location is set to `null`.

This event will include the member affected by the change, as well as their previous and current locations:

```json
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -300,7 +276,7 @@ A common feature of collaborative apps is to show where a users cursors is posit

The most common use case is to show the current mouse pointer position.

To start listing to cursor events, use the `.subscribe` method:
To start listening to cursor events, use the `subscribe()` method:

```ts
space.cursors.subscribe('update', (cursorUpdate) => {
Expand All @@ -319,7 +295,7 @@ The listener will be called with a `CursorUpdate`:
}
```

To set the position of a cursor and emit a `CursorUpdate`, first enter the space:
To set the position of a cursor and emit a `CursorUpdate`, first enter the space if you haven't already:

```ts
space.enter();
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -369,51 +345,51 @@ const lastPositions = await space.cursors.getAll();

## Event Emitters

`space`, `members`, `cursors` and `locations` are event emitters. Event emitters provide `subscribe` and `unsubscribe` methods to attach/detach event listeners. Both methods support overloaded versions, described below.
`space`, `members`, `cursors` and `locations` are event emitters. Event emitters provide `subscribe()` and `unsubscribe()` methods to attach/detach event listeners. Both methods support overloaded versions, described below.


Calling `subscribe` with a single function argument will subscribe to all events on that emitter.
Calling `subscribe()` with a single function argument will subscribe to all events on that emitter.

```ts
space.members.subscribe();
```

Calling `subscribe` with a named event and a function argument will subscribe to that event only.
Calling `subscribe()` with a named event and a function argument will subscribe to that event only.

```ts
space.members.subscribe(`enter`, () => {});
space.members.subscribe('enter', () => {});
```

Calling `subscribe` with an array of named events and a function argument will subscribe to those events.
Calling `subscribe()` with an array of named events and a function argument will subscribe to those events.

```ts
space.members.subscribe([`enter`, `leave`], () => {});
space.members.subscribe(['enter', 'leave'], () => {});
```

Calling `unsubscribe` with no arguments will remove all registered listeners.
Calling `unsubscribe()` with no arguments will remove all registered listeners.

```ts
space.members.unsubscribe();
```

Calling `unsubscribe` with a single named event will remove all listeners registered for that event.
Calling `unsubscribe()` with a single named event will remove all listeners registered for that event.

```ts
space.members.unsubscribe(`enter`);
space.members.unsubscribe('enter');
```

Calling `unsubscribe` with an array of named events will remove all listeners registered for those events.
Calling `unsubscribe()` with an array of named events will remove all listeners registered for those events.

```ts
space.members.unsubscribe([`enter`, `leave`]);
space.members.unsubscribe(['enter', 'leave']);
```

Calling `unsubscribe` and adding a listener function as the second argument to both of the above will remove only that listener.
Calling `unsubscribe()` and adding a listener function as the second argument to both of the above will remove only that listener.

```ts
const listener = () => {};
space.members.unsubscribe(`update`, listener);
space.members.unsubscribe([`update`], listener);
space.members.unsubscribe('update', listener);
space.members.unsubscribe(['update'], listener);
```

As with the native DOM API, this only works if the listener is the same reference as the one passed to `subscribe`.
As with the native DOM API, this only works if the listener is the same reference as the one passed to `subscribe()`.

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