What is Data?

• Data are distinct pieces of information or collection of information that are usually organized and saved for a specific purpose.
• Data can exist in a variety of forms, such as numerical values or handwritten text on paper.

What is Data Structure?

• Data Structure is a specific method of organising data in a computer so that it may be used efficiently.
• For example, using the array data structure, we may store a list of objects of the same data type.
• Types of Data Structures
  • Primitive
    • Integer
    • Float
    • Character
    • Pointer
  • Non-primitive
    • Array
    • Files
    • Lists
      • Non-linear
        • Tree
        • Graph
      • Linear
        • Stack
        • Queue

What is Abstract Data Types?

• ADTs are like user-defined data types, in that they describe operations on values using functions without defining what is within the function or how the actions are executed.
• Consider ADT to be a black box that conceals the underlying structure and design of the data type from the user.
• For example, Stack ADT

Need of Data Structures in real life.

• Stack Data Structure in pile of plates placed on top of each other
  • A stack can be a stack of plates stacked on top of each other. Each plate under the topmost plate is inaccessible until the plates above are removed. Plates may only be added or removed from the top.
  • Each plate represents an element, while the pile represents the stack. Each plate is a variable in programming words, and the pile is a data structure.

• Queue Data Structure while Boarding a Bus
  • The components in Queue are organized according to the FIFO(First In, First Out) rule. It's like customers waiting in line to board a bus. The individual who gets to the front of the line is the first to board the bus. New passengers can join the queue at the rear, while travelers board the bus at the front.

• Graph Data Structure in Social Media and Google Map
  • You likely use social networking platforms such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram, and others. A fantastic example of a graph in usage is social media. Graphs are used in social media to hold information about each user.
  • Similarly, Google Maps applies that makes use of graphs. In the case of Google Maps, each place is called a node, and the roads that connect them are called edges.

• Sorting Algorithm to Arrange Books in the Shelf
  • Assume you're putting books on a shelf based on their height. In this situation, we can maintain the taller volumes on the left and the shorter books on the right, or we can do the opposite.

• Searching Algorithm to Find a Book in a Shelf
  • Assume you wish to look for a certain book on a shelf. The books in the self are not organized in any particular way. How would you go about finding the book in the least amount of time? DSA solves to this problem.
• Shortest Path Finding Algorithms to Find the Shortest Path in Google Map

Revise the concepts of C++.

• Completed

Explore more about Standard Template Library(STL).

• Algorithms
  • Non Manipulative Algorithm
  • Manipulative Algorithm
• Containers
  • Sequential Container
    • Vector
    • Lists
    • Deque
  • Associative Container
    • Map
    • Set
    • Multimap
    • Multiset
  • Derived Container
    • Stack
    • Queue
    • Priority_queue
• Iterators
  • Input Iterator
  • Output Iterator
  • Forward Iterators
  • Bidirectional Iterators
  • Random-access Iterator
• Functors