diff --git a/Gemfile.lock b/Gemfile.lock
index fa5bf3e..a8d90b4 100644
--- a/Gemfile.lock
+++ b/Gemfile.lock
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 PATH
   remote: .
   specs:
-    gala (0.4.0)
+    gala (0.5.0)
       openssl (= 3.1.0)
 
 GEM
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ GEM
     minitest (5.18.0)
     openssl (3.1.0)
     rake (12.3.3)
+    timecop (0.9.8)
 
 PLATFORMS
   ruby
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   gala!
   minitest
   rake (~> 12.0)
+  timecop
 
 BUNDLED WITH
    1.17.3
diff --git a/gala.gemspec b/gala.gemspec
index 4145221..fdb3eb0 100644
--- a/gala.gemspec
+++ b/gala.gemspec
@@ -26,4 +26,5 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.add_development_dependency 'bundler', '~> 1.14'
   spec.add_development_dependency 'rake', '~> 12.0'
   spec.add_development_dependency 'minitest'
+  spec.add_development_dependency 'timecop'
 end
diff --git a/lib/gala/payment_token.rb b/lib/gala/payment_token.rb
index e4ba976..0cb84d0 100644
--- a/lib/gala/payment_token.rb
+++ b/lib/gala/payment_token.rb
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ class PaymentToken
     LEAF_CERTIFICATE_OID = "1.2.840.113635.100.6.29"
     INTERMEDIATE_CERTIFICATE_OID = "1.2.840.113635.100.6.2.14"
     APPLE_ROOT_CERT = File.read(File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/resources/AppleRootCA-G3.pem")
+    SIGNATURE_VALIDITY_TIME_WINDOW = 5 * 60 # 5 minutes
 
     attr_accessor :version, :data, :signature, :transaction_id, :ephemeral_public_key,
       :public_key_hash, :application_data
@@ -68,6 +69,9 @@ def validate_signature(signature, ephemeral_public_key, data, transaction_id, ap
           verified = p7.verify([], store, verification_string, OpenSSL::PKCS7::NOVERIFY )
           raise InvalidSignatureError, "The given signature is not a valid ECDSA signature." unless verified
         end
+
+        # Ensure that the signing time is within "a few minutes"
+        raise InvalidSignatureError, "Token not signed within a few minutes" unless p7.signers.length == 1 && p7.signers.first.signed_time.between?(Time.now - SIGNATURE_VALIDITY_TIME_WINDOW, Time.now + SIGNATURE_VALIDITY_TIME_WINDOW)
       end
 
       def chain_of_trust_verified?(leaf_cert, intermediate_cert, root_cert)
diff --git a/test/payment_token_test.rb b/test/payment_token_test.rb
index cf51896..972bea7 100644
--- a/test/payment_token_test.rb
+++ b/test/payment_token_test.rb
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'json'
 require 'gala'
+require 'timecop'
 
 class Gala::PaymentTokenTest < Minitest::Test
 
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ def setup
     @merchant_id = "358DA5890B9555C0A9EFB84B5CD6FF04BFDCD5AABF5DC14B9872D8DF51EAF439"
     @shared_secret = Base64.decode64("yCUzDuNYTnUnANZEdxC7+DvPmqNslB2YWYn68SBsJHU=")
     @symmetric_key = Base64.decode64("3GTXJ4RuP/IhS23hsdOw2J2ecAZmC0RasbPIFdC3nQM=")
-
+    @signature_timestamp = Time.new(2021, 9, 1, 19, 3, 06, "+00:00")
   end
 
   def test_initialize
@@ -41,7 +42,10 @@ def test_symmetric_key
   end
 
   def test_decrypt
-    temp = @payment_token.decrypt(@certificate, @private_key)
+    temp = nil
+    Timecop.freeze(@signature_timestamp) do
+      temp = @payment_token.decrypt(@certificate, @private_key)
+    end
     payment_data = JSON.parse(temp)
     assert_equal "5353756319181169", payment_data["applicationPrimaryAccountNumber"]
     assert_equal "240930", payment_data["applicationExpirationDate"]
@@ -56,8 +60,21 @@ def test_decrypt
   def test_failed_decrypt
     @payment_token.data = "bogus4OZho15e9Yp5K0EtKergKzeRpPAjnKHwmSNnagxhjwhKQ5d29sfTXjdbh1CtTJ4DYjsD6kfulNUnYmBTsruphBz7RRVI1WI8P0LrmfTnImjcq1mi"
     exception = assert_raises Gala::PaymentToken::InvalidSignatureError do
-      JSON.parse(@payment_token.decrypt(@certificate, @private_key))
+      Timecop.freeze(@signature_timestamp) do
+        JSON.parse(@payment_token.decrypt(@certificate, @private_key))
+      end
     end
     assert_equal("The given signature is not a valid ECDSA signature.", exception.message)
   end
+
+  # Should fail if a signature is more than 5 minutes old
+  def test_failed_decrypt_replay_attack
+    exception = assert_raises Gala::PaymentToken::InvalidSignatureError do
+      Timecop.freeze(@signature_timestamp + 6 * 60) do
+        JSON.parse(@payment_token.decrypt(@certificate, @private_key))
+      end
+    end
+    assert_equal("Token not signed within a few minutes", exception.message)
+
+  end
 end