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Metal³ Installer Dev Scripts

This set of scripts configures some libvirt VMs and associated virtualbmc processes to enable deploying to them as dummy baremetal nodes.

We are using this repository as a work space for development environment setup and convenience/test scripts, the main logic needed to enable bare metal provisioning is now integrated into the go-based openshift-installer and other components of OpenShift via support for a baremetal platform type.

Pre-requisites

  • CentOS 8 or RHEL 8 host
    • Alma and Rocky Linux 8 are also supported on a best effort basis
  • file system that supports d_type (see Troubleshooting section for more information)
  • ideally on a bare metal host with at least 64G of RAM
  • run as a user with passwordless sudo access
  • get a valid pull secret (json string) from https://cloud.redhat.com/openshift/install/pull-secret
  • get a login token from console-openshift-console.apps.ci.l2s4.p1.openshiftapps.com

Instructions

Preparation

Considering that this is a new install on a clean OS, the next tasks should be performed prior the installation:

  1. Enable passwordless sudo for the current user

    Consider creating a separate user for deployments, one without SSH access.

    echo "$USER ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >/etc/sudoers.d/${USER}

  2. In case of RHEL, invoke subscription-manager in order to register and attach the subscription

  3. Install new packages

    sudo dnf upgrade -y
sudo dnf install -y git make wget jq

  4. Clone the dev-scripts repository

    git clone https://github.com/openshift-metal3/dev-scripts

  5. Create a config file

    cp config_example.sh config_$USER.sh

  6. Configure dev-scripts working directory

    By default, dev-scripts' working directory is set to /opt/dev-scripts. Make sure that the filesystem has at least 80GB of free space: df -h /.

    Alternatively you may have a large /home filesystem, in which case you can export WORKING_DIR=/home/dev-scripts and the scripts will create this directory with appropriate permissions. In the event you create this directory manually it should be world-readable (chmod 755) and chowned by the non-root $USER.

Configuration

Make a copy of the config_example.sh to config_$USER.sh.

Go to https://console-openshift-console.apps.ci.l2s4.p1.openshiftapps.com/, click on your name in the top right, copy the login command, extract the token from the command and use it to set CI_TOKEN in config_$USER.sh.

Save the secret obtained from cloud.openshift.com to pull_secret.json.

There are variable defaults set in both the common.sh and the ocp_install_env.sh scripts, which may be important to override for your particular environment. You can set override values in your config_$USER.sh script.

Configuration for 64-bit ARM

64-bit ARM systems are supported for agent and BMIPI on 64-bit ARM hosts, emulating ARM on x86 (or vice versa) is not supported. You will also need to explictly set OPENSHIFT_RELEASE_IMAGE with a 64-bit ARM payload from https://arm64.ocp.releases.ci.openshift.org/

BMIPI cannot ipxe using ipv6, and the upstream vbmc, sushy-tools and ironic containers are only build for 64-bit x86. You must build your own vbmc, sushy-tools and then extract ironic from the release payload:

Build a 64-bit ARM version of vbmc and sushy-tools (must be executed on a 64-bit ARM system):

podman build -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metal3-io/ironic-image/main/resources/vbmc/Dockerfile . -t <yourbuild>/vbmc:arm

podman build -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metal3-io/ironic-image/main/resources/sushy-tools/Dockerfile . -t <yourbuild>/sushy-tools:arm

Override the sushy-tools and vbmc images in your config_$USER.sh

export SUSHY_TOOLS_IMAGE=<yourbuild>/sushy-tools:arm

export VBMC_IMAGE=<yourbuild>/vbmc:arm

Lastly, you'll need the ironic container from the OCP release payload:

oc adm release info quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release:4.13.0-ec.4-aarch64 --image-for ironic

quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-v4.0-art-dev@sha256:cbddb6cdfa138bce5e8cf3ed59287024cf39ec0822b1b84dd125b96d8b871b20

Pull the Container

podman pull quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-v4.0-art-dev@sha256:cbddb6cdfa138bce5e8cf3ed59287024cf39ec0822b1b84dd125b96d8b871b20 --authfile=pullsecret.json

Override the ironic image in your config_$USER.sh

export IRONIC_IMAGE=quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-v4.0-art-dev@sha256:cbddb6cdfa138bce5e8cf3ed59287024cf39ec0822b1b84dd125b96d8b871b20

Baremetal

For baremetal test setups where you don't require the VM fake-baremetal nodes, you may also set NODES_FILE to reference a manually created json file with the node details (see ironic_hosts.json.example - make sure the ironic nodes names follow the openshift-master-* and openshift-worker-* format), and NODES_PLATFORM which can be set to e.g "baremetal" to disable the libvirt master/worker node setup. See common.sh for other variables that can be overridden.

Important values to consider for override in your config_$USER.sh script:

# Deploy only the masters and no workers
NUM_WORKERS=0
# Indicate that this is a baremetal deployment
NODES_PLATFORM="baremetal"
# Path to your ironic_hosts.json file per the above
NODES_FILE="/root/dev-scripts/ironic_hosts.json"
# Set to the interface used by the baremetal bridge
INT_IF="em2"
# Set to the interface used by the provisioning bridge on the bootstrap host
PRO_IF="em1"
# Set to the interface used as the provisioning interface on the cluster nodes
CLUSTER_PRO_IF="ens1"
# Don't allow the baremetal bridge to be managed by libvirt
MANAGE_BR_BRIDGE="n"
# Set your valid DNS domain
BASE_DOMAIN=your.valid.domain.com
# Set your valid DNS cluster name
# (will be used as ${CLUSTER_NAME}.${BASE_DOMAIN}
CLUSTER_NAME=clustername
# Set your valid DNS VIP, such as 1.1.1.1 for 'ns1.example.com'
DNS_VIP="1.1.1.1"
# Set your IP Network stack family, determines the IP address family of the cluster, defaults
# to `v6`
IP_STACK="v4"
# Set your default network type, `OpenShiftSDN` or `OVNKubernetes`. For IPv4 deployments, this
# defaults to `OpenShiftSDN`. IPv6 and DualStack only work with OVNKubernetes, hence this
# parameter defaults to `OVNKubernetes` for IPv6 and DualStack deployments (see IP_STACK).
NETWORK_TYPE="OpenShiftSDN"
# Boolean to use OVNKubernetes local gateway mode. defaults to `false` which is shared mode
OVN_LOCAL_GATEWAY_MODE=false
# Set to the subnet in use on the external (baremetal) network
EXTERNAL_SUBNET_V4="192.168.111.0/24"
# Provide additional master/worker ignition configuration, will be
# merged with the installer provided config, can be used to modify
# the default nic configuration etc
export IGNITION_EXTRA=extra.ign
# Folder where to copy extra manifests for the cluster deployment
export ASSETS_EXTRA_FOLDER=local_file_path

Installation

Consider using tmux, screen or nohup as the installation takes around 1 hour.

For a new setup, run:

make

The Makefile will run the scripts in this order:

  • ./01_install_requirements.sh

This installs any prerequisite packages, and also starts a local container registry to enable subsequent scripts to build/push images for testing. Any other dependencies for development/test are also installed here.

  • ./02_configure_host.sh

This does necessary configuration on the host, e.g networking/firewall and also creates the libvirt resources necessary to deploy on VMs as emulated baremetal.

This should result in some (stopped) VMs on the local virthost and some additional bridges/networks for the baremetal and provisioning networks.

  • ./03_build_installer.sh

This will extract openshift-install from the OCP release payload.

  • ./04_setup_ironic.sh

This will setup containers related to the Ironic deployment services which run on the bootstrap VM and deployed cluster. It will start a webserver which caches the necessary images, starts virtual BMC services to control the VMs via IPMI or Redfish.

This script also can optionally build/push custom images for Ironic and other components see the Testing custom container images section below.

  • ./06_create_cluster.sh

This will run openshift-install to generate ignition configs for the bootstrap node and the masters. The installer then launches both the bootstrap VM and master nodes using the Terraform providers for libvirt and Ironic. Once bootstrap is complete, the installer removes the bootstrap node and the cluster will be online.

You can view the IP for the bootstrap node by running sudo virsh net-dhcp-leases ostestbm. You can SSH to it using ssh core@IP.

Then you can interact with the k8s API on the bootstrap VM e.g sudo oc status --kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig.

You can also see the status of the bootkube.sh script which is running via journalctl -b -f -u bootkube.service.

Interacting with the deployed cluster

Consider export KUBECONFIG=<path-to-config> to avoid using the --kubeconfig flag on each command.

When the master nodes are up and the cluster is active, you can interact with the API:

$ oc --kubeconfig ocp/${CLUSTER_NAME}/auth/kubeconfig get nodes
NAME       STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION
master-0   Ready     master    20m       v1.12.4+50c2f2340a
master-1   Ready     master    20m       v1.12.4+50c2f2340a
master-2   Ready     master    20m       v1.12.4+50c2f2340a

GUI

Alternatively it is possible to manage the cluster using OpenShift Console web UI. The URL can be retrieved using

oc get routes --all-namespaces | grep console

By default, the URL is https://console-openshift-console.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org

Accessing the web Console running on virtualized cluster from local web browser requires additional setup on local machine and the virt host to enable forwarding to cluster's VMs.

There are two ways to achieve this, by using sshuttle or xinetd.

sshuttle (works only with IPv4)

  1. On your local machine install sshuttle

  2. Add entry to /etc/hosts

    192.168.111.4 console-openshift-console.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org console openshift-authentication-openshift-authentication.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org api.ostest.test.metalkube.org prometheus-k8s-openshift-monitoring.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org alertmanager-main-openshift-monitoring.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org kubevirt-web-ui.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org oauth-openshift.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org grafana-openshift-monitoring.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org

  3. Run sshuttle on the local machine

    sshuttle -r <user>@<virthost> 192.168.111.0/24

xinetd

This approach uses xinetd instead of iptables to allow IPv4 to IPv6 forwarding.

  1. Install xinetd

    sudo yum install xinetd -y

  2. Copy the example config file

    sudo cp dev-scripts/openshift_xinetd_example.conf /etc/xinetd.d/openshift

  3. Edit the config file

    • The values can be found at dev-scripts/ocp/ostest/.openshift_install_state.json:
      • IPv4_Host_IP: your hosts IPv4 address
      • IPv6_API_Address: 
        jq '.["*installconfig.InstallConfig"].config.platform.baremetal.apiVIP' dev-scripts/ocp/ostest/.openshift_install_state.json
      • IPv6_Ingress_Address: 
        jq '.["*installconfig.InstallConfig"].config.platform.baremetal.ingressVIP' dev-scripts/ocp/ostest/.openshift_install_state.json

    sudo vim /etc/xinetd.d/openshift

  4. Restart xinetd

    sudo systemctl restart xinetd

  5. Populate your local machine's /etc/hosts/

    • Replace <HOST_IP> with your host machine's address
    <HOST_IP> console-openshift-console.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org openshift-authentication-openshift-authentication.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org grafana-openshift-monitoring.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org prometheus-k8s-openshift-monitoring.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org api.ostest.test.metalkube.org oauth-openshift.apps.ostest.test.metalkube.org

  6. Ensure that ports 443 and 6443 ports on the host are open

    sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-service=https
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=6443/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

Finally, to access the web Console use the kubeadmin user, and password generated in the dev-scripts/ocp/${CLUSTER_NAME}/auth/kubeadmin-password file.

Hosting multiple dev-scripts on the same host

dev-scripts has some support for running multiple instances on the same resources, when doing this CLUSTER_NAME is used to namespace various resources on the virtual host. This support is not actively tested and has a few limitations but aims to allow you to run two separate clusters on the same host.

To do this a the same user should be used to run dev-scripts for all environments but with a different config file. In the config file at least the following 3 environment variables should be defined and differ from their defaults CLUSTER_NAME, PROVISIONING_NETWORK and EXTERNAL_SUBNET_V4 e.g.

export CLUSTER_NAME=osopenshift
export PROVISIONING_NETWORK=172.33.0.0/24
export EXTERNAL_SUBNET_V4=192.168.222.0/24

Some resources are also shared on the virt hosts (e.g. some of the container on the virt host serving images, redfish etc..) In order to avoid multiple environments interfering with each other you should not clean or deploy one environment while another is deploying

Interacting with Ironic directly

The ./06_create_cluster.sh script generates a clouds.yaml file with connection settings for both instances of Ironic. The copy of Ironic that runs on the bootstrap node during installation can be accessed by using the cloud name metal3-bootstrap and the copy running inside the cluster once deployment is finished can be accessed by using the cloud name metal3.

Note that the clouds.yaml is generated on exit from ./06_create_cluster.sh (on success, and also on failure if possible), however it can be useful to generate the file during deployment, in which case generate_clouds_yaml.sh may be run manually.

The dev-scripts will install the baremetal command line tool on the provisioning host as part of setting up the cluster. The baremetal tool will look for clouds.yaml in the _clouds_yaml directory.

For manual debugging via the baremetal client connecting to the bootstrap VM, which is ephemeral and won't be available once the masters have been deployed:

export OS_CLOUD=metal3-bootstrap
baremetal node list
...

To access the Ironic instance running in the baremetal-operator pod:

export OS_CLOUD=metal3
baremetal node list
...

And to access the Ironic inspector instance running in the baremetal-operator pod:

export OS_CLOUD=metal3-inspector
baremetal introspection list
...

NOTE: If you use a provisioning network other than the default, you may need to modify the IP addresses used in

Cleanup

  • To clean up the ocp deployment run ./ocp_cleanup.sh

  • To clean up the dummy baremetal VMs and associated libvirt resources run ./host_cleanup.sh

e.g. to clean and re-install ocp run:

./ocp_cleanup.sh
rm -fr ocp
./06_create_cluster.sh

Or, you can run make clean which will run all of the cleanup steps.

Troubleshooting

If you're having trouble, try systemctl restart libvirtd.

You can use:

virsh console domain_name

Determining your filesystem type

If you're not sure what filesystem you have, try df -T and the second column will include the type.

Determining if your filesystem supports d_type

If the above command returns ext4 or btrfs, d_type is supported by default. If not, at the command line, try:

xfs_info /mount-point

If you see ftype=1 then you have d_type support.

Modifying cpu/memory/disk resources

The default cpu/memory/disk resources when using virtual machines are provided by the vm_setup_vars.yml file, which sets some dev-scripts variables that override the defaults in metal3-dev-env.

The VM resources can be overridden by setting the following environment variables in config_$USER.sh:

# Change VM resources for masters
#export MASTER_MEMORY=16384
#export MASTER_DISK=20
#export MASTER_VCPU=8

# Change VM resources for workers
#export WORKER_MEMORY=8192
#export WORKER_DISK=20
#export WORKER_VCPU=4

Testing custom container images

dev-scripts uses an openshift release image that contains references to openshift containers, any of these containers can be overridden by setting environment variables of the form <NAME>_LOCAL_IMAGE to build or use copy of container images locally e.g. to use a custom ironic container image and build a container image from a git repository for the machine-config-operator you could set

export IRONIC_LOCAL_IMAGE=quay.io/username/ironic
export MACHINE_CONFIG_OPERATOR_LOCAL_IMAGE=https://github.com/openshift/machine-config-operator

The value for <NAME> needs to match the name of the tags for images (found in the openshift release images in /release-manifests/image-references), converted to uppercase and with "-"'s converted to "_"'s.

Testing a custom machine-api-operator image with this deployment

The script run-custom-mao.sh allows the machine-api-operator pod to be re-deployed with a custom image.

For example: ./run-custom-mao.sh <path in quay.io for the custom MAO image with tag> <repo name> <branch name>

Custom MAO image name is a mandatory parameter but the others are optional with defaults.

Alternatively, all input parameters can be set via CUSTOM_MAO_IMAGE, REPO_NAME and MAO_BRANCH variables respectively, and run-custom-mao.sh can be run automatically if you set TEST_CUSTOM_MAO to true.

Testing a customizations to the deployed OS

It is possible to pass additional ignition configuration which will be merged with the installer generated files prior to deployment. This can be useful for debug/testing during development, and potentially also for configuration of networking or storage on baremetal nodes needed before cluster configuration starts (most machine configuration should use the machine-config-operator, but for changes required before that starts, ignition may be an option).

The following adds an additional file /etc/test as an example:

export IGNITION_EXTRA="ignition/file_example.ign"

Testing with extra workers

It is possible to specify additional workers, which are not used in the initial deployment, and can then later be used e.g to test scale-out. The default online status of the extra workers is true, but can be changed to false using EXTRA_WORKERS_ONLINE_STATUS.

export NUM_EXTRA_WORKERS=2
export EXTRA_WORKERS_ONLINE_STATUS=false

After initial deployment, a file containing the BareMetalHost manifests can be applied:

oc apply -f ocp/ostest/extra_host_manifests.yaml

Once completed, it's possibile to scale up the machineset to provision the extra workers. The following example shows how to add another worker to the current deployment:

$ oc get machineset -n openshift-machine-api
NAME              DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AVAILABLE   AGE
ostest-worker-0   2         2         2       2           27h

$ oc scale machineset ostest-worker-0 --replicas=3 -n openshift-machine-api
machineset.machine.openshift.io/ostest-worker-0 scaled

Deploying dummy remote cluster nodes

It is possible to add remote site nodes along with their own L2 network. To do so, use the remote_nodes.sh script to create the definitions of VMs and their corresponding network. Additional configuration can be made by altering the environment variables within the script.

Create remote cluster VMs and their network using the remote_nodes.sh script. The script accepts two arguments, an action (defaults to setup or cleanup) and optional namespace argument. If omitted, the namespace will default to openshift-machine-api.

./remote_nodes.sh [action] [namespace]

In the setup action, the script creates an openshift namespace and applies the manifests generated by the playbook. It also enables the watchAllNamespaces in the provisioning CR and enables traffic between the extrenal network and the newly created network.

The cleanup action tears down the libvirt VM definitions and the namespace specific network. It also tears down the openshift namespace and cleans up the generated manifests.

./remote_nodes.sh setup mynamespace
./remote_nodes.sh cleanup mynamespace

How do I...

Use a custom installer?

Check out your custom installer at ~/go/src/github.com/openshift/installer and set export KNI_INSTALL_FROM_GIT=true, then run make to start the deployment. Note, if you dont have the golang compiler installed the deployment will timeout.

Deploy nodes with extra disks?

Open vm_setup_vars.yml and modify the flavor you want to have extra disks, set extradisks: true and modify extradisks_size if necessary.