[CI] Improved Dockerfile and more flexible container make targets

[chalin]

• Followup to Container build: use npm ci over packages files and fix build cmd #48741
• Dockerfile improvements inspried by @sftim via https://github.com/kubernetes/website/pull/48722/files,
  built from debian:bookworm
• Builds image using the version of Node.js specified in the netlify.toml file
• Makefile improvements:
  • HUGO and HUGO_ARGS, which supports use cases link invoking a container serve with HUGO_ARGS="--gc" helping when the serve just hangs.
  • Container builds from the same targets as local builds. Specify the target via BUILD

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