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BigQuery Data Loader

This script facilitates the loading of JSON data into Google BigQuery while managing data freshness by ensuring existing rows related to an explore_id are deleted before new data is inserted. The script employs a temporary table mechanism to circumvent limitations related to immediate updates or deletions in BigQuery's streaming buffer.

Prerequisites

Before you run this script, you need to ensure that your environment is set up with the following requirements:

  1. Python 3.6 or higher - Make sure Python is installed on your system.
  2. Google Cloud SDK - Install and configure the Google Cloud SDK (gcloud).
  3. BigQuery API Access - Ensure that the BigQuery API is enabled in your Google Cloud project.
  4. Google Cloud Authentication - Set up authentication by downloading a service account key and setting the GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable pointing to that key file.

Setup

To run this script, you will need to install its dependencies. It is recommended to use a virtual environment at the top level of the repo:

python3 -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
cd ./explore-assistant-examples
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

Usage

Script Parameters

The script accepts several command line arguments to specify the details required for loading data into BigQuery:

  • --project_id: Required. The Google Cloud project ID where your BigQuery dataset resides.
  • --dataset_id: The ID of the BigQuery dataset. Defaults to explore_assistant.
  • --table_id: The ID of the BigQuery table where the data will be inserted. Defaults to explore_assistant_examples.
  • --explore_id: Required. A unique identifier for the dataset rows related to a specific use case or query (used in deletion and insertion).
  • --json_file: The path to the JSON file containing the data to be loaded. Defaults to examples.json.

Running the Script

To run the script, use the following command format in your terminal:

Load the general examples:

python load_examples.py --project_id YOUR_PROJECT_ID --explore_id YOUR_EXPLORE_ID --table_id explore_assistant_examples --json_file examples.json

Load the refinement examples

 python load_examples.py --project_id YOUR_PROJECT_ID --explore_id YOUR_EXPLORE_ID --table_id explore_assistant_refinement_examples --json_file refinement_examples.json

Description

This Python script is designed to manage data uploads from a JSON file into a Google BigQuery table, particularly focusing on scenarios where specific entries identified by an explore_id need to be refreshed or updated in the dataset.

  1. Command Line Interface (CLI):

    • The script uses argparse to define and handle command line inputs that specify the Google Cloud project, dataset, and table details, as well as the path to the JSON data file.

  2. BigQuery Client Initialization:

    • It initializes a BigQuery client using the Google Cloud project ID provided through the CLI. This client facilitates interactions with BigQuery, such as running queries and managing data.

  3. Data Deletion:

    • Before inserting new data, the script deletes existing rows in the specified BigQuery table that match the given explore_id. This is crucial for use cases where the data associated with an explore_id needs to be refreshed or updated without duplication.

  4. Data Loading from JSON:

    • The script reads data from a specified JSON file. This data is expected to be in a format that BigQuery can ingest.

  5. Data Insertion into BigQuery:

    • After deletion of old data, the script inserts the new data from the JSON file into the BigQuery table. It constructs a SQL INSERT statement and executes it using the BigQuery client. Proper parameterization of the query is utilized to safeguard against SQL injection.

  6. Error Handling:

    • Throughout the data deletion and insertion processes, the script checks for and reports any errors that occur. This is vital for debugging and ensuring data integrity.