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geohash.py
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geohash.py
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"""
Copyright (C) 2008 Leonard Norrgard <leonard.norrgard@gmail.com>
Copyright (C) 2015 Leonard Norrgard <leonard.norrgard@gmail.com>
This file is part of Geohash.
Geohash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published
by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
Geohash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public
License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public
License along with Geohash. If not, see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""
from math import log10
# Note: the alphabet in geohash differs from the common base32
# alphabet described in IETF's RFC 4648
# (http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4648)
__base32 = '0123456789bcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz'
__decodemap = { }
for i in range(len(__base32)):
__decodemap[__base32[i]] = i
del i
def decode_exactly(geohash):
"""
Decode the geohash to its exact values, including the error
margins of the result. Returns four float values: latitude,
longitude, the plus/minus error for latitude (as a positive
number) and the plus/minus error for longitude (as a positive
number).
"""
lat_interval, lon_interval = (-90.0, 90.0), (-180.0, 180.0)
lat_err, lon_err = 90.0, 180.0
is_even = True
for c in geohash:
cd = __decodemap[c]
for mask in [16, 8, 4, 2, 1]:
if is_even: # adds longitude info
lon_err /= 2
if cd & mask:
lon_interval = ((lon_interval[0]+lon_interval[1])/2, lon_interval[1])
else:
lon_interval = (lon_interval[0], (lon_interval[0]+lon_interval[1])/2)
else: # adds latitude info
lat_err /= 2
if cd & mask:
lat_interval = ((lat_interval[0]+lat_interval[1])/2, lat_interval[1])
else:
lat_interval = (lat_interval[0], (lat_interval[0]+lat_interval[1])/2)
is_even = not is_even
lat = (lat_interval[0] + lat_interval[1]) / 2
lon = (lon_interval[0] + lon_interval[1]) / 2
return lat, lon, lat_err, lon_err
def decode(geohash):
"""
Decode geohash, returning two strings with latitude and longitude
containing only relevant digits and with trailing zeroes removed.
"""
lat, lon, lat_err, lon_err = decode_exactly(geohash)
# Format to the number of decimals that are known
lats = "%.*f" % (max(1, int(round(-log10(lat_err)))) - 1, lat)
lons = "%.*f" % (max(1, int(round(-log10(lon_err)))) - 1, lon)
if '.' in lats: lats = lats.rstrip('0')
if '.' in lons: lons = lons.rstrip('0')
return lats, lons
def encode(latitude, longitude, precision=12):
"""
Encode a position given in float arguments latitude, longitude to
a geohash which will have the character count precision.
"""
lat_interval, lon_interval = (-90.0, 90.0), (-180.0, 180.0)
geohash = []
bits = [ 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 ]
bit = 0
ch = 0
even = True
while len(geohash) < precision:
if even:
mid = (lon_interval[0] + lon_interval[1]) / 2
if longitude > mid:
ch |= bits[bit]
lon_interval = (mid, lon_interval[1])
else:
lon_interval = (lon_interval[0], mid)
else:
mid = (lat_interval[0] + lat_interval[1]) / 2
if latitude > mid:
ch |= bits[bit]
lat_interval = (mid, lat_interval[1])
else:
lat_interval = (lat_interval[0], mid)
even = not even
if bit < 4:
bit += 1
else:
geohash += __base32[ch]
bit = 0
ch = 0
return ''.join(geohash)
def decode_extent(geohash):
"""
Decode the geohash to its bounding box.
Returns four float values: latitude 1, latitude 2, longitude 1,
longitude 2.
"""
lat_interval, lon_interval = (-90.0, 90.0), (-180.0, 180.0)
is_even = True
for c in geohash:
cd = __decodemap[c]
for mask in [16, 8, 4, 2, 1]:
if is_even: # adds longitude info
if cd & mask:
lon_interval = ((lon_interval[0]+lon_interval[1])/2, lon_interval[1])
else:
lon_interval = (lon_interval[0], (lon_interval[0]+lon_interval[1])/2)
else: # adds latitude info
if cd & mask:
lat_interval = ((lat_interval[0]+lat_interval[1])/2, lat_interval[1])
else:
lat_interval = (lat_interval[0], (lat_interval[0]+lat_interval[1])/2)
is_even = not is_even
return lat_interval[0], lat_interval[1], lon_interval[0], lon_interval[1]