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stargen.c
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stargen.c
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/*
* StarGen API
*
* This file provides the main program interface to StarGen.
* An example of calling it is the command-line interface defined in
* main.c.
*
* $Id: stargen.c,v 1.43 2008/12/30 23:15:13 brons Exp $
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "const.h"
#include "structs.h"
#include "accrete.h"
#include "enviro.h"
#include "display.h"
#include "stargen.h"
#include "utils.h"
char * stargen_revision = "$Revision: 1.43 $";
/* These are the global variables used during accretion: */
planet_pointer innermost_planet;
long double dust_density_coeff = DUST_DENSITY_COEFF;
int flag_verbose = 0;
// 0x0001 Earthlike count
// 0x0002 Trace Min/max
// 0x0004 List habitable
// 0x0008 List Earth-like (and Sphinx-line)
// 0x0010 List Gases
// 0x0020 Trace temp iterations
// 0x0040 Gas lifetimes
// 0x0080 List loss of accreted gas mass
// 0x0100 Injecting, collision
// 0x0200 Checking..., Failed...
// 0x0400 List binary info
// 0x0800 List Gas Dwarfs etc.
// 0x1000 Moons
// 0x2000 Oxygen poisoned
// 0x4000 Trace gas %ages (whoops)
// 0x8000 Jovians in habitable zone
// 0x10000 List type diversity
// 0x20000 Trace Surface temp interations
// 0x40000 Lunar orbits
long flag_seed = 0;
int earthlike = 0;
int total_earthlike = 0;
int habitable = 0;
int habitable_jovians= 0;
int total_habitable = 0;
long double min_breathable_terrestrial_g = 1000.0;
long double min_breathable_g = 1000.0;
long double max_breathable_terrestrial_g = 0.0;
long double max_breathable_g = 0.0;
long double min_breathable_temp = 1000.0;
long double max_breathable_temp = 0.0;
long double min_breathable_p = 100000.0;
long double max_breathable_p = 0.0;
long double min_breathable_terrestrial_l = 1000.0;
long double min_breathable_l = 1000.0;
long double max_breathable_terrestrial_l = 0.0;
long double max_breathable_l = 0.0;
long double max_moon_mass = 0.0;
int type_counts[12] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
int type_count = 0;
int max_type_count = 0;
#define EM(x) (x)/SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES
#define AVE(x,y) ((x+y)/2.)
/* No Orbit Eccen. Tilt Mass Gas Giant? Dust Mass Gas */
planets luna ={1,2.571e-3,0.055,1.53, EM(.01229), FALSE, EM(.01229), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets callisto ={4,1.259e-2,0 ,0 , EM(1.62e-2),FALSE,EM(1.62-2 ), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets ganymede ={3,7.16e-3,0.0796,0 , EM(2.6e-2 ),FALSE,EM(2.6e-2 ), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &callisto};
planets europa ={2,4.49e-3,0.0075,0 , EM(7.9e-3 ),FALSE,EM(7.9e-3 ), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &ganymede};
planets io ={1,2.82e-3,0.0006,0 , EM(1.21e-2),FALSE,EM(1.21e-2), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &europa};
planets iapetus ={6,2.38e-2,0.029, 0 , EM(8.4e-4 ),FALSE,EM(8.4e-4 ), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets hyperion ={5,9.89e-3,0.110, 0 , EM(1.82e-5),FALSE,EM(1.82e-5), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &iapetus};
planets titan ={4,8.17e-3,0.0289,0 , EM(2.3e-2 ),FALSE,EM(2.3e-2 ), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &hyperion};
planets rhea ={3,3.52e-3,0.0009,0 , EM(3.85e-4),FALSE,EM(3.85e-4), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &titan};
planets dione ={2,2.52e-3,0.0021,0 , EM(1.74e-4),FALSE,EM(1.74e-4), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &rhea};
planets tethys ={1,1.97e-3,0.000, 0 , EM(1.09e-4),FALSE,EM(1.09e-4), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &dione};
planets triton ={1,2.36e-3,0.000, 0 , EM(2.31e-2),FALSE,EM(2.31e-2), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets charon ={1,19571/
KM_PER_AU,0.000, 0 , EM(2.54e-4),FALSE,EM(2.54e-4), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets xena ={11,67.6681,0.44177,0 , EM(.0025),FALSE, EM(.0025), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets pluto ={10,39.529,0.248,122.5, EM(0.002), FALSE, EM(0.002), 0, ZEROES,0,&charon, &xena};
planets neptune={ 9,30.061,0.010, 29.6, EM(17.14), TRUE, 0, EM(17.14), ZEROES,0,&triton, &pluto};
planets uranus ={ 8,19.191,0.046, 97.9, EM(14.530), TRUE, 0, EM(14.530), ZEROES,0,NULL, &neptune};
planets saturn ={ 7,9.539, 0.056, 26.7, EM(95.18), TRUE, 0, EM(95.18), ZEROES,0,&tethys, &uranus};
planets jupiter={ 6,5.203, 0.048, 3.1, EM(317.9), TRUE, 0, EM(317.9), ZEROES,0,&io, &saturn};
planets ceres ={ 5,2.766, 0.080, 0, 9.5e20 /
SOLAR_MASS_IN_KILOGRAMS, FALSE, 9.5e20 /
SOLAR_MASS_IN_KILOGRAMS, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &jupiter};
planets mars ={ 4,1.524, 0.093, 25.2, EM(0.1074), FALSE, EM(0.1074), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &ceres};
planets earth ={ 3,1.000, 0.017, 23.5, EM(1.00), FALSE, EM(1.00), 0, ZEROES,0,&luna, &mars};
planets venus ={ 2,0.723, 0.007,177.3, EM(0.815), FALSE, EM(0.815), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &earth};
planets mercury={ 1,0.387, 0.206, 2, EM(0.055), FALSE, EM(0.055), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &venus};
planet_pointer solar_system = &mercury;
/* planets ceres ={ 5,2.767, 0.079, 0, EM(0.000134), FALSE, EM(0.000134), 0, ZEROES,0,NULL , &jupiter}; */
/* planets titan2 ={ 7,9.539, 0.056, 26.7 , EM(0.02259), FALSE, EM(0.02259),EM(.001), ZEROES,0,NULL, &uranus}; */
/* Seeds for accreting the solar system */
/* No Orbit Eccen... */
planets pluto1 ={10,39.529,0.248, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets pluto2 ={10,39.529,0.15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL}; // The real eccentricity
planets mars1 ={ 4,1.524, 0.093, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &pluto2}; // collides Pluto+Neptune
planets ceres1 ={ 5,2.767, 0.079, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &mars1};
planets saturn1 ={ 7,9.539, 0.056, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &ceres1};
planets uranus1 ={ 8,19.191,0.046, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &saturn1};
planets neptune1={ 9,30.061,0.010, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &uranus1};
planets jupiter1={ 6,5.203, 0.048, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &neptune1};
planets mercury1={ 1,0.387, 0.206, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &jupiter1};
planets earth1 ={ 3,1.000, 0.017, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &mercury1};
planets venus1 ={ 2,0.723, 0.007, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &earth1};
planet_pointer solar_system1 = &venus1;
planets eriEpsI ={ 1,3.3, 0.608, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets UMa47II ={ 2,3.73, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets UMa47I ={ 1,2.11, 0.096, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, &UMa47II};
planets horIotI ={ 1,0.925, 0.161, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
/* No Orbit Eccen. Tilt Mass Gas Giant? Dust Mass Gas */
planets smallest={0, 0.0, 0.0, 20.0, EM(0.4), FALSE, EM(0.4), 0.0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets average ={0, 0.0, 0.0, 20.0, EM(1.0), FALSE, EM(1.0), 0.0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
planets largest ={0, 0.0, 0.0, 20.0, EM(1.6), FALSE, EM(1.6), 0.0, ZEROES,0,NULL, NULL};
/* L Mass Mass2 Eccen. SemiMajorAxis Designation Name */
star perdole[] = {{0, 1.00, 0, 0, 0, &mercury, "Sol", 1, "The Solar System"},
{0, 1.08, 0.88, 0.52, 23.2, NULL, "ALF Cen A", 1, "Alpha Centauri A"},
{0, 0.88, 1.08, 0.52, 23.2, NULL, "ALF Cen B", 1, "Alpha Centauri B"},
{0, 0.80, 0, 0, 0, &eriEpsI, "EPS Eri", 1, "Epsilon Eridani"},
{0, 0.82, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "TAU Cet", 1, "Tau Ceti"},
{0, 0.90, 0.65, 0.50, AVE(22.8,24.3), NULL, "70 Oph", 1, "70 Ophiuchi A"},
{0, 0.94, 0.58, 0.53, AVE(69.,71.), NULL, "ETA Cas", 1, "Eta Cassiopeiae A"},
{0, 0.82, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "SIG Dra", 1, "Sigma Draconis"},
{0, 0.77, 0.76, 0, 22., NULL, "36 Oph", 1, "36 Ophiuchi A"},
{0, 0.76, 0.77, 0, 22., NULL, "36 Oph B", 0, "36 Ophiuchi B"},
/* {0, 0.76, 0, 0, 46., NULL, "HD 191408", 1, "HR7703 A"}, */
/* Fake up a B just to clip the distances -- need the real data */
{0, 0.76, .5, .5, 46., NULL, "HD 191408", 1, "HR7703 A"},
{0, 0.98, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "DEL Pav", 1, "Delta Pavonis"},
{0, 0.91, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "82 Eri", 1, "82 Eridani"},
{0, 1.23, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "BET Hyi", 1, "Beta Hydri"},
{0, 0.74, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "HD 219134", 1, "HR8832"},
{0, 0.725,0, 0, 1100., NULL, "HD 16160", 1, "HR753 A"}
};
/*
* The following values were taken from: http://www.solstation.com/stars.htm
*/
star web[] =
// L Mass Mass2 Eccen. SMAxis Planets Designation Name
{{1.00, 1.00, 0, 0, 0, &mercury, "Sol", 1, "The Solar System"}, // 0
{1.60, 1.09, 0.90, 0.519, 23.7, NULL, "ALF Cen A", 1, "Alpha Centauri A"}, // 4.4
{0.45, 0.90, 1.09, 0.519, 23.7, NULL, "ALF Cen B", 1, "Alpha Centauri B"}, // 4.4
{0.34, 0.85, 0, 0, 0, &eriEpsI, "EPS Eri", 1, "Epsilon Eridani"}, // 10.5
//{AVE(6.3,8.9),0.59, 0.5, .48, 85.2, NULL, "61 Cyg A", 1, "61 Cygni A"}, // 11.4
{0.085, 0.59, 0.5, .48, 85.2, NULL, "61 Cyg A", 1, "61 Cygni A"}, // 11.4
{0.59, 0.82, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "TAU Cet", 1, "Tau Ceti"}, // 11.9
{0.38, 0.75, (0.16+0.43), 0, 418., NULL, "40 Eri", 1, "40 Eridani A"}, // 16.5
{AVE(.44,.47), 0.924, 0.701, 0.495, 23.3, NULL, "70 Oph", 1, "70 Ophiuchi A"}, // 16.6
{0.39, 0.82, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "SIG Dra", 1, "Sigma Draconis"}, // 18.8
{0.156, 0.76, (0.55+0.35), 0.20, 190., NULL, "33 g Lib", 1, "HR 5568"}, // 19.3
{AVE(1.0,1.29),0.91, 0.56, 0.497, 71.0, NULL, "ETA Cas", 1, "Eta Cassiopeiae A"}, // 19.4
{0.23, 0.82, 0.20, .5, 43., NULL, "HD 191408", 1, "HR 7703 (HJ 5173) A"}, // 19.7
{0.65, 0.97, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "82 Eri", 1, "82 Eridani"}, // 19.8
{1.2, 0.98, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "DEL Pav", 1, "Delta Pavonis"}, // 19.9
{0, 0.74, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "HD 219134", 1, "HR 8832"}, // 21.3
{0.52, 0.90, 0.76, 0.51, 33.6, NULL, "XI Boo", 1, "Xi Bootis A"}, // 21.8
{0.21, 0.81, 0.082, .75, 15., NULL, "HD 16160", 1, "HR 753 A"}, // 23.5
{0.24, 0.83, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "HD 4628", 1, "BD+04 123 (HR 222)"}, // 24.3
{3.6, 1.1, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "BET Hyi", 1, "Beta Hydri"}, // 24.4
{0.37, 0.89, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "107 Psc", 1, "107 Piscium"}, // 24.4
// 107 Psc p1 = Klotho in Celestia's imagined.ssc
{3., 1.3, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "PI3 Ori", 1, "Pi3 Orionis A"}, // 26.2
{0.28, 0.88, 0.86, 0.534, 63.7, NULL, "RHO1 Eri", 1, "Rho Eridani A"}, // 26.6
{0.25, 0.86, 0.88, 0.534, 63.7, NULL, "RHO2 Eri", 1, "Rho Eridani B"}, // 26.6
{1.2, 1.07, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "BET CVn", 1, "Chara"}, // 27.3
{2.9, .90, 1.45, 0.412, 21.2, NULL, "XI UMa", 1, "Xi Ursae Majoris Ba"}, // 27.3
// Xi Urs Maj aka Alula Australis
// 55203:Alula Australis:XI UMa:53 UMa defined in Celestia starnames, but no data
{0.80, 0.96, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "61 Vir", 1, "61 Virginis"}, // 27.8
{1.3, 0.98, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "ZET Tuc", 1, "Zeta Tucanae"}, // 28.0
{1.08, 1.0, .15, 0.45, 6.4, NULL, "CHI1 Ori", 1, "Chi1 Orionis A"}, // 28.3
// 41 Arae masses are Wieth-Knudsen's 1957 estimates,
{0.41, 0.9, .6, 0.779, 91.5, NULL, "41 Ari", 1, "41 Arae A"}, // 28.7
{0.21, 0.845, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "HR 1614", 0, "BD-05 1123 (HR 1614) A"}, // 28.8
{0.33, 0.87, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "HR 7722", 0, "CD-27 14659 (HR 7722)"}, // 28.8
{2.6, 1.2, .63, .5, 864., NULL, "GAM Lep", 1, "Gamma Leporis A"}, // 29.3
{1.4, 1.05, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "BET Com", 1, "Beta Comae Berenices"}, // 29.9
{0.85, 1.0, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "KAP1 Cet", 1, "Kappa Ceti"}, // 29.9
{1.5, 0.8, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "GAM Pav", 1, "Gamma Pavonis"}, // 30.1
{0.82, 0.8, 0.07, 0.6, 235., NULL, "HD 102365", 1, "HR 4523"}, // 30.1
{0.588, 0.81, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "61 UMa", 1, "61 Ursae Majoris"}, // 31.1
{0.31, 0.87, 0, 0.5, 80.5, NULL, "HR 4458", 0, "CD-32 8179 (HR 4458)"}, // 31.1
{AVE(.39,.41), 0.90, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "12 Oph", 1, "12 Ophiuchi"}, // 31.9
{0.46, 0.92, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "HR 511", 0, "BD+63 238 (HR 511)"}, // 32.5
{0.83, 0.87, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "ALF Men", 1, "Alpha Mensae"}, // 33.1
{0.93, 0.79, 1.02, 0.5, 9000., NULL, "ZET1 Ret", 1, "Zeta 1 Reticuli"}, // 39.4-39.5
{0.99, 1.02, 0.79, 0.5, 9000., NULL, "ZET2 Ret", 1, "Zeta 2 Reticuli"}, // 39.4-39.5
{1.14, 1.05, 2.0, 0.55, 48.5, NULL, "44 Boo", 1, "44 Bootis A"}, // 41.6
{1.7, 1.03, 0, 0, 0, &UMa47I, "47 UMa", 1, "47 Ursae Majoris"}, // 45.9
{1.8, 1.03, 0, 0, 0, &horIotI, "IOT Hor", 1, "Iota Horologii"}, // 56.2
{AVE(.13,.15), AVE(.59,.71), 0, 0, 0, NULL, "EPS Ind", 1, "Epsilon Indi"}, // 11.8
{AVE(.083,.09),0.701, 0.924, 0.495, 23.3, NULL, "70 Oph", 1, "70 Ophiuchi B"}, // 16.6
{0.28, 0.85, 0.85, 0.922, 88., NULL, "36 Oph", 1, "36 Ophiuchi A"}, // 19.5
{0.27, 0.85, 0.85, 0.922, 88., NULL, "36 Oph B", 0, "36 Ophiuchi B"}, // 19.5
{0.12, 0.75, 0.65, 0.58, 12.6, NULL, "HR 6426", 0, "MLO 4 (HR 6426) A"}, // 22.7
{0.146, 0.80, 0.50, 0.5, 500., NULL, "BD-05 1844 A",0,"BD-05 1844 A"} // 28.3
};
// BD-05 1123 A: HR 1614, Gl 183 A, Hip 23311, HD 32147, SAO 131688, LHS 200, LTT 2412, LFT 382, and LPM 200.
// CD-27 14659: HR 7722, Gl 785, Hip 99825, HD 192310, CP(D)-27 6972, SAO 189065, LHS 488, LTT 8009, LFT 1535, and LPM 731
// CD-32 8179 A: HR 4458, Gl 432 A, Hip 56452, HD 100623, CP(D)-32 3122, SAO 202583, LHS 308, LTT 4280, LFT 823, LPM 389, and E 439-246.
// BD+63 238: HR 511*, Gl 75, Hip 8362, HD 10780, SAO 11983, LHS 1297, LTT 10619, and LFT 162.
// 36 Ophiuchi B: HR 6401, Gl 663 B, HD 155885, SAO 185199, LHS 438, and ADS 10417 B.
// MLO 4 A: HR 6426*, Gl 667 A, Hip 84709, HD 156384, CD-34 11626 A, CP-34 6803, SAO 208670, LHS 442, LTT 6888, LFT 1336, LPM 638, and UGPMF 433.
// BD-05 1844 A: Gl 250 A, Hip 32984, HD 50281, SAO 133805, LHS 1875, LTT 2662, LFT 494, and LPM 244.
// {.00006, 0.105, 0.1, 0.62, 5.5, NULL, "", "Luyten 726-8 A"}, // 8.7
// {0.039, 0.5, 0.59, .48, 85.2, NULL, "", "61 Cygni B"}, // 11.4
// {0.05, 0.65, 0.75, 0.58, 12.6, NULL, "", "MLO 4 (HR 6426) B"}, // 22.7
// {1.1, 1.05, 0.4, 0.53, 0.6, NULL, "", "Xi Ursae Majoris Aa"}, // 27.3
// {0, 0.4, 1.05, 0.53, 0.6, NULL, "", "Xi Ursae Majoris Ab"}, // 27.3
// {0.064, 0.76, 0.90, 0.51, 33.0, NULL, "", "Xi Bootis B"}, // 21.8
star various[] =
{
// L Mass Mass2 Eccen. SMAxis Planets Designation Name
{1.00, 1.00, 0, 0, 0, &mercury, "Sol", 1, "The Solar System"}, // 0
{14800., 8, 0, 0, 0, NULL, "ALF Car", 1, "Canopus"}
};
catalog solstation = {sizeof(web) / sizeof (star), "w", &web};
catalog dole = {sizeof(perdole) / sizeof (star), "d", &perdole};
catalog jimb = {sizeof(various) / sizeof (star), "F", &various};
ChemTable gases[] =
{
// An sym HTML symbol name Aw melt boil dens ABUNDe ABUNDs Rea Max inspired pp
{AN_H, "H", "H<SUB><SMALL>2</SMALL></SUB>", "Hydrogen", 1.0079, 14.06, 20.40, 8.99e-05, 0.00125893, 27925.4, 1, 0.0},
{AN_HE, "He", "He", "Helium", 4.0026, 3.46, 4.20, 0.0001787, 7.94328e-09, 2722.7, 0, MAX_HE_IPP},
{AN_N, "N", "N<SUB><SMALL>2</SMALL></SUB>", "Nitrogen", 14.0067, 63.34, 77.40, 0.0012506, 1.99526e-05, 3.13329, 0, MAX_N2_IPP},
{AN_O, "O", "O<SUB><SMALL>2</SMALL></SUB>", "Oxygen", 15.9994, 54.80, 90.20, 0.001429, 0.501187, 23.8232, 10, MAX_O2_IPP},
{AN_NE, "Ne", "Ne", "Neon", 20.1700, 24.53, 27.10, 0.0009, 5.01187e-09, 3.4435e-5, 0, MAX_NE_IPP},
{AN_AR, "Ar", "Ar", "Argon", 39.9480, 84.00, 87.30, 0.0017824, 3.16228e-06, 0.100925, 0, MAX_AR_IPP},
{AN_KR, "Kr", "Kr", "Krypton", 83.8000, 116.60, 119.70, 0.003708, 1e-10, 4.4978e-05, 0, MAX_KR_IPP},
{AN_XE, "Xe", "Xe", "Xenon", 131.3000, 161.30, 165.00, 0.00588, 3.16228e-11, 4.69894e-06, 0, MAX_XE_IPP},
// from here down, these columns were originally: 0.001, 0
{AN_NH3, "NH3", "NH<SUB><SMALL>3</SMALL></SUB>", "Ammonia", 17.0000, 195.46, 239.66, 0.001, 0.002, 0.0001, 1, MAX_NH3_IPP},
{AN_H2O, "H2O", "H<SUB><SMALL>2</SMALL></SUB>O", "Water", 18.0000, 273.16, 373.16, 1.000, 0.03, 0.001, 0, 0.0},
{AN_CO2, "CO2", "CO<SUB><SMALL>2</SMALL></SUB>", "CarbonDioxide", 44.0000, 194.66, 194.66, 0.001, 0.01, 0.0005, 0, MAX_CO2_IPP},
{AN_O3, "O3", "O<SUB><SMALL>3</SMALL></SUB>", "Ozone", 48.0000, 80.16, 161.16, 0.001, 0.001, 0.000001, 2, MAX_O3_IPP},
{AN_CH4, "CH4", "CH<SUB><SMALL>4</SMALL></SUB>", "Methane", 16.0000, 90.16, 109.16, 0.010, 0.005, 0.0001, 1, MAX_CH4_IPP},
{ 0, "", "", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
};
/*
{AN_NH3, "NH3", "NH<SUB><SMALL>3</SMALL></SUB>", "Ammonia", 17.0000, 195.46, 239.66, 0.001, 0.002, 0.001, 0.001, MAX_NH3_IPP},
{AN_H2O, "H2O", "H<SUB><SMALL>2</SMALL></SUB>O", "Water", 18.0000, 273.16, 373.16, 1.000, 0.03, 0.001, 0, (9.9999E37)},
{AN_CO2, "CO2", "CO<SUB><SMALL>2</SMALL></SUB>", "CarbonDioxide", 44.0000, 194.66, 194.66, 0.001, 0.01, 0.001, 0, MAX_CO2_IPP},
{AN_O3, "O3", "O<SUB><SMALL>3</SMALL></SUB>", "Ozone", 48.0000, 80.16, 161.16, 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, MAX_O3_IPP},
{AN_CH4, "CH4", "CH<SUB><SMALL>4</SMALL></SUB>", "Methane", 16.0000, 90.16, 109.16, 0.010, 0.005, 0.001, 0, MAX_CH4_IPP},
{AN_F, "F", "F", "Fluorine", 18.9984, 53.58, 85.10, 0.001696, 0.000630957, 0.000843335, 50, MAX_F_IPP},
{AN_CL, "Cl", "Cl", "Chlorine", 35.4530, 172.22, 239.20, 0.003214, 0.000125893, 0.005236, 40, MAX_CL_IPP},
{ 910, "H2", "H2", 2, 14.06, 20.40, 8.99e-05, 0.00125893, 27925.4 },
{ 911, "N2", "N2", 28, 63.34, 77.40, 0.0012506, 1.99526e-05,3.13329 },
{ 912, "O2", "O2", 32, 54.80, 90.20, 0.001429, 0.501187, 23.8232, 10},
{AN_CH3CH2OH,
"CH3CH2OH", "Ethanol", 46.0000, 159.06, 351.66, 0.895, 0.001, 0.001, 0},
*/
int max_gas = (sizeof(gases)/sizeof(ChemTable))-1;
void init(void);
void generate_stellar_system(sun*, int, planet_pointer, char, int, char *, long double, int, int);
void calculate_gases(sun*, planet_pointer, char*);
void generate_planet(planet_pointer, int, sun*, int, char*, int, int, int);
void generate_planets(sun*, int, char, int, char *, int, int);
void usage(char *);
static int diminishing_abundance(const void *xp, const void *yp);
static int diminishing_pressure(const void *xp, const void *yp);
void init()
{
if (!flag_seed)
{
time_t temp_time;
unsigned seed = (unsigned)(time(&temp_time));
(void)srand(seed);
flag_seed = rand();
}
(void)srand(flag_seed);
}
void generate_stellar_system(sun* sun,
int use_seed_system,
planet_pointer seed_system,
char flag_char,
int sys_no,
char* system_name,
long double outer_planet_limit,
int do_gases,
int do_moons)
{
long double outer_dust_limit;
if ((sun->mass < 0.2) || (sun->mass > 1.5))
sun->mass = random_number(0.7,1.4);
outer_dust_limit = stellar_dust_limit(sun->mass);
if (sun->luminosity == 0)
sun->luminosity = luminosity(sun->mass);
sun->r_ecosphere = sqrt(sun->luminosity);
sun->life = 1.0E10 * (sun->mass / sun->luminosity);
if (use_seed_system)
{
innermost_planet = seed_system;
sun->age = 5.0E9;
}
else
{
long double min_age = 1.0E9;
long double max_age = 6.0E9;
if (sun->life < max_age)
max_age = sun->life;
innermost_planet = dist_planetary_masses(sun->mass,
sun->luminosity,
0.0,outer_dust_limit,
outer_planet_limit,
dust_density_coeff,
seed_system,
do_moons);
sun->age = random_number(min_age, max_age);
}
generate_planets(sun,
!use_seed_system,
flag_char,
sys_no,
system_name,
do_gases,
do_moons);
}
void calculate_gases(sun* sun,
planet_pointer planet,
char* planet_id)
{
if (planet->surf_pressure > 0)
{
long double *amount = (long double*)calloc((max_gas+1), sizeof(long double));
long double totamount = 0;
long double pressure = planet->surf_pressure/MILLIBARS_PER_BAR;
int n = 0;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < max_gas; i++)
{
long double yp = gases[i].boil /
(373. * ((log((pressure) + 0.001) / -5050.5) +
(1.0 / 373.)));
if ((yp >= 0 && yp < planet->low_temp)
&& (gases[i].weight >= planet->molec_weight))
{
long double vrms = rms_vel(gases[i].weight, planet->exospheric_temp);
long double pvrms = pow(1 / (1 + vrms / planet->esc_velocity), sun->age / 1e9);
long double abund = gases[i].abunds; /* gases[i].abunde */
long double react = 1.0;
long double fract = 1.0;
long double pres2 = 1.0;
if (strcmp(gases[i].symbol, "Ar") == 0)
{
react = .15 * sun->age/4e9;
}
else if (strcmp(gases[i].symbol, "He") == 0)
{
abund = abund * (0.001 + (planet->gas_mass / planet->mass));
pres2 = (0.75 + pressure);
react = pow(1 / (1 + gases[i].reactivity),
sun->age/2e9 * pres2);
}
else if ((strcmp(gases[i].symbol, "O") == 0 ||
strcmp(gases[i].symbol, "O2") == 0) &&
sun->age > 2e9 &&
planet->surf_temp > 270 && planet->surf_temp < 400)
{
/* pres2 = (0.65 + pressure/2); Breathable - M: .55-1.4 */
pres2 = (0.89 + pressure/4); /* Breathable - M: .6 -1.8 */
react = pow(1 / (1 + gases[i].reactivity),
pow(sun->age/2e9, 0.25) * pres2);
}
else if (strcmp(gases[i].symbol, "CO2") == 0 &&
sun->age > 2e9 &&
planet->surf_temp > 270 && planet->surf_temp < 400)
{
pres2 = (0.75 + pressure);
react = pow(1 / (1 + gases[i].reactivity),
pow(sun->age/2e9, 0.5) * pres2);
react *= 1.5;
}
else
{
pres2 = (0.75 + pressure);
react = pow(1 / (1 + gases[i].reactivity),
sun->age/2e9 * pres2);
}
fract = (1 - (planet->molec_weight / gases[i].weight));
amount[i] = abund * pvrms * react * fract;
if ((flag_verbose & 0x4000) &&
(strcmp(gases[i].symbol, "O") == 0 ||
strcmp(gases[i].symbol, "N") == 0 ||
strcmp(gases[i].symbol, "Ar") == 0 ||
strcmp(gases[i].symbol, "He") == 0 ||
strcmp(gases[i].symbol, "CO2") == 0))
{
fprintf (stderr, "%-5.2Lf %-3.3s, %-5.2Lf = a %-5.2Lf * p %-5.2Lf * r %-5.2Lf * p2 %-5.2Lf * f %-5.2Lf\t(%.3Lf%%)\n",
planet->mass * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES,
gases[i].symbol,
amount[i],
abund,
pvrms,
react,
pres2,
fract,
100.0 * (planet->gas_mass / planet->mass)
);
}
totamount += amount[i];
if (amount[i] > 0.0)
n++;
}
else
amount[i] = 0.0;
}
if (n > 0)
{
planet->gases = n;
planet->atmosphere = (gas*)calloc(n, sizeof(gas));
for (i = 0, n = 0; i < max_gas; i++)
{
if (amount[i] > 0.0)
{
planet->atmosphere[n].num = gases[i].num;
planet->atmosphere[n].surf_pressure = planet->surf_pressure
* amount[i] / totamount;
if (flag_verbose & 0x2000)
{
if ((planet->atmosphere[n].num == AN_O) &&
inspired_partial_pressure (planet->surf_pressure,
planet->atmosphere[n].surf_pressure)
> gases[i].max_ipp)
{
fprintf (stderr, "%s\t Poisoned by O2\n",
planet_id);
}
}
n++;
}
}
qsort(planet->atmosphere,
planet->gases,
sizeof(gas),
diminishing_pressure);
if (flag_verbose & 0x0010)
{
fprintf (stderr, "\n%s (%5.1Lf AU) gases:\n",
planet_id, planet->a);
for (i = 0; i < planet->gases; i++)
{
fprintf (stderr, "%3d: %6.1Lf, %11.7Lf%%\n",
planet->atmosphere[i].num,
planet->atmosphere[i].surf_pressure,
100. * (planet->atmosphere[i].surf_pressure /
planet->surf_pressure)
);
}
}
}
free(amount);
}
}
void generate_planet(planet_pointer planet,
int planet_no,
sun* sun,
int random_tilt,
char* planet_id,
int do_gases,
int do_moons,
int is_moon)
{
planet->atmosphere = NULL;
planet->gases = 0;
planet->surf_temp = 0;
planet->high_temp = 0;
planet->low_temp = 0;
planet->max_temp = 0;
planet->min_temp = 0;
planet->greenhs_rise = 0;
planet->planet_no = planet_no;
planet->sun = sun;
planet->resonant_period = FALSE;
planet->orbit_zone = orb_zone(sun->luminosity, planet->a);
planet->orb_period = period(planet->a,planet->mass,sun->mass);
if (random_tilt)
planet->axial_tilt = inclination(planet->a);
planet->exospheric_temp = EARTH_EXOSPHERE_TEMP / pow2(planet->a / sun->r_ecosphere);
planet->rms_velocity = rms_vel(MOL_NITROGEN,planet->exospheric_temp);
planet->core_radius = kothari_radius(planet->dust_mass,FALSE,planet->orbit_zone);
// Calculate the radius as a gas giant, to verify it will retain gas.
// Then if mass > Earth, it's at least 5% gas and retains He, it's
// some flavor of gas giant.
planet->density = empirical_density(planet->mass,planet->a, sun->r_ecosphere, TRUE);
planet->radius = volume_radius(planet->mass,planet->density);
planet->surf_accel = acceleration(planet->mass,planet->radius);
planet->surf_grav = gravity(planet->surf_accel);
planet->molec_weight = min_molec_weight(planet);
if (((planet->mass * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES) > 1.0)
&& ((planet->gas_mass / planet->mass) > 0.05)
&& (min_molec_weight(planet) <= 4.0))
{
if ((planet->gas_mass / planet->mass) < 0.20)
planet->type = tSubSubGasGiant;
else if ((planet->mass * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES) < 20.0)
planet->type = tSubGasGiant;
else
planet->type = tGasGiant;
}
else // If not, it's rocky.
{
planet->radius = kothari_radius(planet->mass,FALSE,planet->orbit_zone);
planet->density = volume_density(planet->mass,planet->radius);
planet->surf_accel = acceleration(planet->mass,planet->radius);
planet->surf_grav = gravity(planet->surf_accel);
if ((planet->gas_mass / planet->mass) > 0.000001)
{
long double h2_mass = planet->gas_mass * 0.85;
long double he_mass = (planet->gas_mass - h2_mass) * 0.999;
long double h2_loss = 0.0;
long double he_loss = 0.0;
long double h2_life = gas_life(MOL_HYDROGEN, planet);
long double he_life = gas_life(HELIUM, planet);
if (h2_life < sun->age)
{
h2_loss = ((1.0 - (1.0 / exp(sun->age / h2_life))) * h2_mass);
planet->gas_mass -= h2_loss;
planet->mass -= h2_loss;
planet->surf_accel = acceleration(planet->mass,planet->radius);
planet->surf_grav = gravity(planet->surf_accel);
}
if (he_life < sun->age)
{
he_loss = ((1.0 - (1.0 / exp(sun->age / he_life))) * he_mass);
planet->gas_mass -= he_loss;
planet->mass -= he_loss;
planet->surf_accel = acceleration(planet->mass,planet->radius);
planet->surf_grav = gravity(planet->surf_accel);
}
if (((h2_loss + he_loss) > .000001) && (flag_verbose & 0x0080))
fprintf (stderr, "%s\tLosing gas: H2: %5.3Lf EM, He: %5.3Lf EM\n",
planet_id,
h2_loss * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES, he_loss * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES);
}
}
planet->day = day_length(planet); /* Modifies planet->resonant_period */
planet->esc_velocity = escape_vel(planet->mass,planet->radius);
if ((planet->type == tGasGiant)
|| (planet->type == tSubGasGiant)
|| (planet->type == tSubSubGasGiant))
{
planet->greenhouse_effect = FALSE;
planet->volatile_gas_inventory = INCREDIBLY_LARGE_NUMBER;
planet->surf_pressure = INCREDIBLY_LARGE_NUMBER;
planet->boil_point = INCREDIBLY_LARGE_NUMBER;
planet->surf_temp = INCREDIBLY_LARGE_NUMBER;
planet->greenhs_rise = 0;
planet->albedo = about(GAS_GIANT_ALBEDO,0.1);
planet->hydrosphere = 1.0;
planet->cloud_cover = 1.0;
planet->ice_cover = 0.0;
planet->surf_grav = gravity(planet->surf_accel);
planet->molec_weight = min_molec_weight(planet);
planet->surf_grav = INCREDIBLY_LARGE_NUMBER;
planet->estimated_temp = est_temp(sun->r_ecosphere, planet->a, planet->albedo);
planet->estimated_terr_temp = est_temp(sun->r_ecosphere, planet->a, EARTH_ALBEDO);
{
long double temp = planet->estimated_terr_temp;
if ((temp >= FREEZING_POINT_OF_WATER)
&& (temp <= EARTH_AVERAGE_KELVIN + 10.)
&& (sun->age > 2.0E9))
{
habitable_jovians++;
if (flag_verbose & 0x8000)
{
fprintf (stderr, "%s\t%s (%4.2LfEM %5.3Lf By)%s with earth-like temperature (%.1Lf C, %.1Lf F, %+.1Lf C Earth).\n",
planet_id,
planet->type == tGasGiant ? "Jovian" :
planet->type == tSubGasGiant ? "Sub-Jovian" :
planet->type == tSubSubGasGiant ? "Gas Dwarf" :
"Big",
planet->mass * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES,
sun->age /1.0E9,
planet->first_moon == NULL ? "" : " WITH MOON",
temp - FREEZING_POINT_OF_WATER,
32 + ((temp - FREEZING_POINT_OF_WATER) * 1.8),
temp - EARTH_AVERAGE_KELVIN);
}
}
}
}
else
{
planet->estimated_temp = est_temp(sun->r_ecosphere, planet->a, EARTH_ALBEDO);
planet->estimated_terr_temp = est_temp(sun->r_ecosphere, planet->a, EARTH_ALBEDO);
planet->surf_grav = gravity(planet->surf_accel);
planet->molec_weight = min_molec_weight(planet);
planet->greenhouse_effect = grnhouse(sun->r_ecosphere, planet->a);
planet->volatile_gas_inventory = vol_inventory(planet->mass,
planet->esc_velocity,
planet->rms_velocity,
sun->mass,
planet->orbit_zone,
planet->greenhouse_effect,
(planet->gas_mass
/ planet->mass) > 0.000001);
planet->surf_pressure = pressure(planet->volatile_gas_inventory,
planet->radius,
planet->surf_grav);
if ((planet->surf_pressure == 0.0))
planet->boil_point = 0.0;
else
planet->boil_point = boiling_point(planet->surf_pressure);
iterate_surface_temp(planet); /* Sets:
* planet->surf_temp
* planet->greenhs_rise
* planet->albedo
* planet->hydrosphere
* planet->cloud_cover
* planet->ice_cover
*/
if (do_gases &&
(planet->max_temp >= FREEZING_POINT_OF_WATER) &&
(planet->min_temp <= planet->boil_point))
calculate_gases(sun, planet, planet_id);
/*
* Next we assign a type to the planet.
*/
if (planet->surf_pressure < 1.0)
{
if (!is_moon
&& ((planet->mass * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES) < ASTEROID_MASS_LIMIT))
planet->type = tAsteroids;
else
planet->type = tRock;
}
else if ((planet->surf_pressure > 6000.0) &&
(planet->molec_weight <= 2.0)) // Retains Hydrogen
{
planet->type = tSubSubGasGiant;
planet->gases = 0;
free(planet->atmosphere);
planet->atmosphere = NULL;
}
else
{ // Atmospheres:
if (((int)planet->day == (int)(planet->orb_period * 24.0) ||
(planet->resonant_period)))
planet->type = t1Face;
else if (planet->hydrosphere >= 0.95)
planet->type = tWater; // >95% water
else if (planet->ice_cover >= 0.95)
planet->type = tIce; // >95% ice
else if (planet->hydrosphere > 0.05)
planet->type = tTerrestrial; // Terrestrial
// else <5% water
else if (planet->max_temp > planet->boil_point)
planet->type = tVenusian; // Hot = Venusian
else if ((planet->gas_mass / planet->mass) > 0.0001)
{ // Accreted gas
planet->type = tIce; // But no Greenhouse
planet->ice_cover = 1.0; // or liquid water
} // Make it an Ice World
else if (planet->surf_pressure <= 250.0)// Thin air = Martian
planet->type = tMartian;
else if (planet->surf_temp < FREEZING_POINT_OF_WATER)
planet->type = tIce;
else
{
planet->type = tUnknown;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0001)
fprintf (stderr, "%12s\tp=%4.2Lf\tm=%4.2Lf\tg=%4.2Lf\tt=%+.1Lf\t%s\t Unknown %s\n",
type_string (planet->type),
planet->surf_pressure,
planet->mass * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES,
planet->surf_grav,
planet->surf_temp - EARTH_AVERAGE_KELVIN,
planet_id,
((int)planet->day == (int)(planet->orb_period * 24.0) ||
(planet->resonant_period)) ? "(1-Face)" : ""
);
}
}
}
if (do_moons && !is_moon)
{
if (planet->first_moon != NULL)
{
int n;
planet_pointer ptr;
for (n=0, ptr=planet->first_moon;
ptr != NULL;
ptr=ptr->next_planet)
{
if (ptr->mass * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES > .000001)
{
char moon_id[80];
long double roche_limit = 0.0;
long double hill_sphere = 0.0;
ptr->a = planet->a;
ptr->e = planet->e;
n++;
sprintf(moon_id,
"%s.%d",
planet_id, n);
generate_planet(ptr, n,
sun, random_tilt,
moon_id,
do_gases,
do_moons, TRUE); // Adjusts ptr->density
roche_limit = 2.44 * planet->radius * pow((planet->density / ptr->density), (1.0 / 3.0));
hill_sphere = planet->a * KM_PER_AU * pow((planet->mass / (3.0 * sun->mass)), (1.0 / 3.0));
if ((roche_limit * 3.0) < hill_sphere)
{
ptr->moon_a = random_number(roche_limit * 1.5, hill_sphere / 2.0) / KM_PER_AU;
ptr->moon_e = random_eccentricity ();
}
else
{
ptr->moon_a = 0;
ptr->moon_e = 0;
}
if (flag_verbose & 0x40000)
{
fprintf (stderr,
" Roche limit: R = %4.2Lg, rM = %4.2Lg, rm = %4.2Lg -> %.0Lf km\n"
" Hill Sphere: a = %4.2Lg, m = %4.2Lg, M = %4.2Lg -> %.0Lf km\n"
"%s Moon orbit: a = %.0Lf km, e = %.0Lg\n",
planet->radius, planet->density, ptr->density,
roche_limit,
planet->a * KM_PER_AU, planet->mass * SOLAR_MASS_IN_KILOGRAMS, sun->mass * SOLAR_MASS_IN_KILOGRAMS,
hill_sphere,
moon_id,
ptr->moon_a * KM_PER_AU, ptr->moon_e
);
}
if (flag_verbose & 0x1000)
{
fprintf (stderr, " %s: (%7.2LfEM) %d %4.2LgEM\n",
planet_id,
planet->mass * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES,
n,
ptr->mass * SUN_MASS_IN_EARTH_MASSES);
}
}
}
}
}
}
void check_planet(planet_pointer planet,
char* planet_id,
int is_moon)
{
{
int tIndex = 0;
switch (planet->type)
{
case tUnknown: tIndex = 0; break;
case tRock: tIndex = 1; break;
case tVenusian: tIndex = 2; break;
case tTerrestrial: tIndex = 3; break;
case tSubSubGasGiant: tIndex = 4; break;
case tSubGasGiant: tIndex = 5; break;
case tGasGiant: tIndex = 6; break;
case tMartian: tIndex = 7; break;
case tWater: tIndex = 8; break;
case tIce: tIndex = 9; break;
case tAsteroids: tIndex = 10; break;
case t1Face: tIndex = 11; break;
}
if (type_counts[tIndex] == 0)
++type_count;
++type_counts[tIndex];
}
/* Check for and list planets with breathable atmospheres */
{
unsigned int breathe = breathability (planet);
if ((breathe == BREATHABLE) &&
(!planet->resonant_period) && // Option needed?
((int)planet->day != (int)(planet->orb_period * 24.0)))
{
int list_it = FALSE;
long double illumination = pow2 (1.0 / planet->a)
* (planet->sun)->luminosity;
habitable++;
if (min_breathable_temp > planet->surf_temp)
{
min_breathable_temp = planet->surf_temp;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
if (max_breathable_temp < planet->surf_temp)
{
max_breathable_temp = planet->surf_temp;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
if (min_breathable_g > planet->surf_grav)
{
min_breathable_g = planet->surf_grav;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
if (max_breathable_g < planet->surf_grav)
{
max_breathable_g = planet->surf_grav;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
if (min_breathable_l > illumination)
{
min_breathable_l = illumination;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
if (max_breathable_l < illumination)
{
max_breathable_l = illumination;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
if (planet->type == tTerrestrial)
{
if (min_breathable_terrestrial_g > planet->surf_grav)
{
min_breathable_terrestrial_g = planet->surf_grav;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
if (max_breathable_terrestrial_g < planet->surf_grav)
{
max_breathable_terrestrial_g = planet->surf_grav;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
if (min_breathable_terrestrial_l > illumination)
{
min_breathable_terrestrial_l = illumination;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
if (max_breathable_terrestrial_l < illumination)
{
max_breathable_terrestrial_l = illumination;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
}
if (min_breathable_p > planet->surf_pressure)
{
min_breathable_p = planet->surf_pressure;
if (flag_verbose & 0x0002)
list_it = TRUE;
}
if (max_breathable_p < planet->surf_pressure)