From 57012f64d9e6ad4d7b355bbe5ba97e6e38730411 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Stromberg Date: Mon, 30 Sep 2024 09:43:18 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] Performance refactor for unexpected-talkers-macos --- detection/c2/unexpected-talkers-macos.sql | 333 ++++------------------ 1 file changed, 52 insertions(+), 281 deletions(-) diff --git a/detection/c2/unexpected-talkers-macos.sql b/detection/c2/unexpected-talkers-macos.sql index d2f6012..abb5aa9 100644 --- a/detection/c2/unexpected-talkers-macos.sql +++ b/detection/c2/unexpected-talkers-macos.sql @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ --- Unexpected programs communicating over non-HTTPS protocols (state-based) +-- Unexpected programs communicating over non-HTTPS running from weird locations -- -- references: -- * https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/ (C&C, Application Layer Protocol) -- -- tags: transient state net often -- platform: macos -SELECT - pos.protocol, +SELECT pos.protocol, pos.local_port, pos.remote_port, - pos.remote_address, + remote_address, pos.local_port, pos.local_address, + CONCAT (MIN(p0.euid, 500), ',', s.authority) AS signed_exception, CONCAT ( MIN(p0.euid, 500), ',', @@ -21,29 +21,8 @@ SELECT ',', REGEX_MATCH (p0.path, '.*/(.*?)$', 1), ',', - p0.name, - ',', - s.authority, - ',', - s.identifier - ) AS exception_key, - CONCAT ( - MIN(p0.euid, 500), - ',', - pos.protocol, - ',', - MIN(pos.remote_port, 32768), - ',', - REGEX_MATCH (p0.path, '.*/(.*?)$', 1), - ',', - p0.name, - ',', - MIN(f.uid, 500), - 'u,', - MIN(f.gid, 500), - 'g' - ) AS alt_exception_key, - CONCAT (s.authority, ',', s.identifier) AS id_exception_key, + p0.name + ) AS unsigned_exception, -- Child p0.pid AS p0_pid, p0.path AS p0_path, @@ -60,270 +39,62 @@ SELECT p1.name AS p1_name, p1.euid AS p1_euid, p1.cmdline AS p1_cmd, - p1_hash.sha256 AS p1_sha256, - -- Grandparent - p1.parent AS p2_pid, - p2.name AS p2_name, - p2.path AS p2_path, - p2.cmdline AS p2_cmd, - p2_hash.sha256 AS p2_sha256 -FROM - process_open_sockets pos + p1_hash.sha256 AS p1_sha256 +FROM process_open_sockets pos LEFT JOIN processes p0 ON pos.pid = p0.pid LEFT JOIN hash p0_hash ON p0.path = p0_hash.path LEFT JOIN processes p1 ON p0.parent = p1.pid LEFT JOIN hash p1_hash ON p1.path = p1_hash.path - LEFT JOIN processes p2 ON p1.parent = p2.pid - LEFT JOIN hash p2_hash ON p2.path = p2_hash.path LEFT JOIN file f ON p0.path = f.path LEFT JOIN signature s ON p0.path = s.path -WHERE - pos.protocol > 0 - AND NOT ( - pos.remote_port IN (53, 443) - AND pos.protocol IN (6, 17) - ) - AND pos.remote_address NOT IN ( - '0.0.0.0', - '::127.0.0.1', - '127.0.0.1', - '::ffff:127.0.0.1', - '::1', - '::' - ) - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE 'fe80:%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '127.%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '192.168.%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '172.1%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '172.2%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '169.254.%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '172.30.%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '172.31.%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '::ffff:172.%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '10.%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE '::ffff:10.%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE 'fc00:%' - AND pos.remote_address NOT LIKE 'fdfd:%' - AND pos.state != 'LISTEN' -- Ignore most common application paths - AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Library/Apple/System/Library/%' +WHERE pos.pid IN ( + SELECT pid + from process_open_sockets + WHERE protocol > 0 + AND NOT ( + remote_port IN (53, 443) + AND protocol IN (6, 17) + ) + AND remote_address NOT IN ( + '0.0.0.0', + '::127.0.0.1', + '127.0.0.1', + '::ffff:127.0.0.1', + '::1', + '::' + ) + AND remote_address NOT LIKE 'fe80:%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE '127.%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE '192.168.%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE '172.1%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE '172.2%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE '169.254.%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE '172.30.%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE '172.31.%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE '::ffff:172.%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE '10.%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE '::ffff:10.%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE 'fc00:%' + AND remote_address NOT LIKE 'fdfd:%' + AND state != 'LISTEN' + ) -- Ignore most common application paths + AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Applications/%.app/Contents/MacOS/%' + AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Applications/%.app/Contents/Resources/%' + AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Library/Apple/%' AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Library/Application Support/%/Contents/%' - AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/System/Applications/%' - AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/System/Library/%' AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/System/%' - AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/usr/libexec/%' AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/Users/%/go/bin/%' - AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/usr/sbin/%' -- Apple programs running from weird places, like the UpdateBrainService - AND NOT ( - s.identifier LIKE 'com.apple.%' - AND s.authority = 'Software Signing' - ) - AND NOT exception_key IN ( - '0,6,7300,safeqclientcore,safeqclientcore,Developer ID Application: Y Soft Corporation, a.s. (3CPED8WGS9),safeqclientcore', - '0,6,80,fcconfig,fcconfig,Developer ID Application: Fortinet, Inc (AH4XFXJ7DK),fcconfig', - '0,6,80,prl_naptd,prl_naptd,Developer ID Application: Parallels International GmbH (4C6364ACXT),com.parallels.naptd', - '0,6,853,at.obdev.littlesnitch.networkextension,at.obdev.littlesnitch.networkextension,Developer ID Application: Objective Development Software GmbH (MLZF7K7B5R),at.obdev.littlesnitch.networkextension', - '500,17,123,agent,agent,Developer ID Application: Datadog, Inc. (JKFCB4CN7C),agent', - '500,17,123,Garmin Express,Garmin Express,Developer ID Application: Garmin International (72ES32VZUA),com.garmin.renu.client', - '500,17,32768,Luna Display,Luna Display,Developer ID Application: Astro HQ LLC (8356ZZ8Y5K),com.astro-hq.LunaDisplayMac', - '500,17,68,com.docker.backend,com.docker.backend,500u,80g', - '500,17,68,com.docker.backend,com.docker.backend,Developer ID Application: Docker Inc (9BNSXJN65R),com.docker.docker', - '500,17,8801,zoom.us,zoom.us,Developer ID Application: Zoom Video Communications, Inc. (BJ4HAAB9B3),us.zoom.xos', - '500,17,9000,Meeting Center,Meeting Center,Developer ID Application: Cisco (DE8Y96K9QP),com.webex.meetingmanager', - '500,6,21,Cyberduck,Cyberduck,Developer ID Application: David Kocher (G69SCX94XU),ch.sudo.cyberduck', - '500,6,22,Cyberduck,Cyberduck,Developer ID Application: David Kocher (G69SCX94XU),ch.sudo.cyberduck', - '500,6,22,devpod-provider-gcloud-darwin-arm64,devpod-provider-gcloud-darwin-arm64,,a.out', - '500,6,22,goland,goland,Developer ID Application: JetBrains s.r.o. (2ZEFAR8TH3),com.jetbrains.goland', - '500,6,22,Transmit,Transmit,Developer ID Application: Panic, Inc. (VE8FC488U5),com.panic.Transmit', - '500,6,2869,Spotify,Spotify,Developer ID Application: Spotify (2FNC3A47ZF),com.spotify.client', - '500,6,32000,Spotify Helper,Spotify Helper,Developer ID Application: Spotify (2FNC3A47ZF),com.spotify.client.helper', - '500,6,32400,PlexMobile,PlexMobile,Apple iPhone OS Application Signing,com.plexapp.plex', - '500,6,32768,IPNExtension,IPNExtension,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,io.tailscale.ipn.macos.network-extension', - '500,6,32768,MobileDevicesService,MobileDevicesService,Developer ID Application: GUILHERME RAMBO (8C7439RJLG),codes.rambo.AirBuddy.MobileDevicesService', - '500,6,3306,dbeaver,dbeaver,Developer ID Application: DBeaver Corporation (42B6MDKMW8),org.jkiss.dbeaver.core.product', - '500,6,3389,Microsoft Remote Desktop,Microsoft Remote Desktop,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.microsoft.rdc.macos', - '500,6,3389,Microsoft Remote Desktop,Microsoft Remote Desktop,Developer ID Application: Microsoft Corporation (UBF8T346G9),com.microsoft.rdc.macos', - '500,6,4070,Spotify,Spotify,Developer ID Application: Spotify (2FNC3A47ZF),com.spotify.client', - '500,6,4317,flyctl,flyctl,,a.out', - '500,6,4318,Code Helper (Plugin),Code Helper (Plugin),Developer ID Application: Microsoft Corporation (UBF8T346G9),com.github.Electron.helper', - '500,6,5053,bridge,bridge,Developer ID Application: Proton Technologies AG (6UN54H93QT),bridge', - '500,6,5091,ZoomPhone,ZoomPhone,Developer ID Application: Zoom Video Communications, Inc. (BJ4HAAB9B3),us.zoom.ZoomPhone', - '500,6,5222,Telegram,Telegram,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,ru.keepcoder.Telegram', - '500,6,5222,WhatsApp,WhatsApp,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,net.whatsapp.WhatsApp', - '500,6,5222,WhatsApp,WhatsApp,Developer ID Application: WhatsApp Inc. (57T9237FN3),net.whatsapp.WhatsApp', - '500,6,5223,KakaoTalk,KakaoTalk,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.kakao.KakaoTalkMac', - '500,6,5228,Clay,Clay,Developer ID Application: Clay Software, Inc. (C68GA48KN3),com.clay.mac', - '500,6,5228,com.adguard.mac.adguard.network-extension,com.adguard.mac.adguard.network-extension,0u,0g', - '500,6,5228,com.adguard.mac.adguard.network-extension,com.adguard.mac.adguard.network-extension,Developer ID Application: Adguard Software Limited (TC3Q7MAJXF),com.adguard.mac.adguard.network-extension', - '500,6,5228,Fellow,Fellow,Developer ID Application: Fellow Insights, Inc. (2NF46HY8D8),com.electron.fellow', - '500,6,7881,zed,zed,Developer ID Application: Zed Industries, Inc. (MQ55VZLNZQ),dev.zed.Zed', - '500,6,8009,Spotify Helper,Spotify Helper,Developer ID Application: Spotify (2FNC3A47ZF),com.spotify.client.helper', - '500,6,8080,goland,goland,Developer ID Application: JetBrains s.r.o. (2ZEFAR8TH3),com.jetbrains.goland', - '500,6,8080,Speedtest,Speedtest,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.ookla.speedtest-macos', - '500,6,80,AdobeAcrobat,AdobeAcrobat,Developer ID Application: Adobe Inc. (JQ525L2MZD),com.adobe.Acrobat.Pro', - '500,6,80,agent,agent,Developer ID Application: Datadog, Inc. (JKFCB4CN7C),agent', - '500,6,80,Arc Helper,Arc Helper,Developer ID Application: The Browser Company of New York Inc. (S6N382Y83G),company.thebrowser.browser.helper', - '500,6,80,Brackets,Brackets,Developer ID Application: CORE.AI SCIENTIFIC TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED (8F632A866K),io.brackets.appshell', - '500,6,80,Camtasia 2022,Camtasia 2022,Developer ID Application: TechSmith Corporation (7TQL462TU8),com.techsmith.camtasia2022', - '500,6,80,CEPHtmlEngine Helper,CEPHtmlEngine Helper,Developer ID Application: Adobe Inc. (JQ525L2MZD),com.adobe.cep.CEPHtmlEngine Helper', - '500,6,80,Chromium Helper,Chromium Helper,,Chromium Helper', - '500,6,80,Code Helper (Plugin),Code Helper (Plugin),Developer ID Application: Microsoft Corporation (UBF8T346G9),com.github.Electron.helper', - '500,6,80,Code - Insiders Helper (Plugin),Code - Insiders Helper (Plugin),Developer ID Application: Microsoft Corporation (UBF8T346G9),com.github.Electron.helper', - '500,6,80,com.docker.backend,com.docker.backend,Developer ID Application: Docker Inc (9BNSXJN65R),com.docker', - '500,6,80,Creative Cloud UI Helper,Creative Cloud UI Helper,Developer ID Application: Adobe Inc. (JQ525L2MZD),com.adobe.acc.HEXHelper', - '500,6,80,Discord Helper,Discord Helper,Developer ID Application: Discord, Inc. (53Q6R32WPB),com.hnc.Discord.helper', - '500,6,80,firefox,firefox,Developer ID Application: Mozilla Corporation (43AQ936H96),org.mozilla.firefox', - '500,6,80,Google Drive Helper,Google Drive Helper,Developer ID Application: Google LLC (EQHXZ8M8AV),com.google.drivefs.helper', - '500,6,80,IPNExtension,IPNExtension,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,io.tailscale.ipn.macos.network-extension', - '500,6,80,Jabra Direct,Jabra Direct,Developer ID Application: GN Audio AS (55LV32M29R),com.jabra.directonline', - '500,6,80,jcef Helper,jcef Helper,Developer ID Application: JetBrains s.r.o. (2ZEFAR8TH3),org.jcef.jcef.helper', - '500,6,80,KakaoTalk,KakaoTalk,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.kakao.KakaoTalkMac', - '500,6,80,ksfetch,ksfetch,Developer ID Application: Google LLC (EQHXZ8M8AV),ksfetch', - '500,6,80,launcher-Helper,launcher-Helper,Developer ID Application: Mojang AB (HR992ZEAE6),com.mojang.mclauncher.helper', - '500,6,80,Loom Helper,Loom Helper,Developer ID Application: Loom, Inc (QGD2ZPXZZG),com.loom.desktop.helper', - '500,6,80,Mem Helper,Mem Helper,Developer ID Application: Kevin Moody (9ZLK8RSRVN),org.memlabs.Mem.helper', - '500,6,80,ngrok,ngrok,Developer ID Application: ngrok LLC (TEX8MHRDQ9),a.out', - '500,6,80,node,node,Developer ID Application: Node.js Foundation (HX7739G8FX),node', - '500,6,80,rpi-imager,rpi-imager,Developer ID Application: Floris Bos (WYH7G79LM6),org.raspberrypi.imagingutility', - '500,6,80,Signal Helper (Renderer),Signal Helper (Renderer),Developer ID Application: Quiet Riddle Ventures LLC (U68MSDN6DR),org.whispersystems.signal-desktop.helper.Renderer', - '500,6,80,Sky Go,Sky Go,Developer ID Application: Sky UK Limited (GJ24C8864F),com.bskyb.skygoplayer', - '500,6,80,Slack Helper,Slack Helper,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.tinyspeck.slackmacgap.helper', - '500,6,80,Snagit 2020,Snagit 2020,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.TechSmith.Snagit2020', - '500,6,80,Snagit 2023,Snagit 2023,Developer ID Application: TechSmith Corporation (7TQL462TU8),com.TechSmith.Snagit2023', - '500,6,80,Snagit 2024,Snagit 2024,Developer ID Application: TechSmith Corporation (7TQL462TU8),com.TechSmith.Snagit2024', - '500,6,80,SnagitHelper2020,SnagitHelper2020,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.techsmith.snagit.capturehelper2020', - '500,6,80,SnagitHelper2023,SnagitHelper2023,Developer ID Application: TechSmith Corporation (7TQL462TU8),com.techsmith.snagit.capturehelper2023', - '500,6,80,Spark Desktop Helper,Spark Desktop Helper,Developer ID Application: Readdle Technologies Limited (3L68KQB4HG),com.readdle.SparkDesktop.helper', - '500,6,80,Spotify,Spotify,Developer ID Application: Spotify (2FNC3A47ZF),com.spotify.client', - '500,6,80,Telegram,Telegram,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,ru.keepcoder.Telegram', - '500,6,80,thunderbird,thunderbird,Defveloper ID Application: Mozilla Corporation (43AQ936H96),org.mozilla.thunderbird', - '500,6,80,TIDAL Helper,TIDAL Helper,Developer ID Application: TIDAL Music AS (GK2243L7KB),com.tidal.desktop.helper', - '500,6,80,Twitter,Twitter,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,maccatalyst.com.atebits.Tweetie2', - '500,6,80,Wavebox Helper,Wavebox Helper,Developer ID Application: Bookry Ltd (4259LE8SU5),com.bookry.wavebox.helper', - '500,6,80,WhatsApp,WhatsApp,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,net.whatsapp.WhatsApp', - '500,6,80,WhatsApp,WhatsApp,Developer ID Application: WhatsApp Inc. (57T9237FN3),WhatsApp', - '500,6,8282,GeForceNOW,GeForceNOW,Developer ID Application: NVIDIA Corporation (6KR3T733EC),com.nvidia.gfnpc.mall', - '500,6,9123,Elgato Control Center,Elgato Control Center,Developer ID Application: Corsair Memory, Inc. (Y93VXCB8Q5),com.corsair.ControlCenter', - '500,6,993,Mimestream,Mimestream,Developer ID Application: Mimestream, LLC (P2759L65T8),com.mimestream.Mimestream', - '500,6,993,Spark Desktop Helper,Spark Desktop Helper,Developer ID Application: Readdle Technologies Limited (3L68KQB4HG),com.readdle.SparkDesktop.helper', - '500,6,993,thunderbird,thunderbird,Developer ID Application: Mozilla Corporation (43AQ936H96),org.mozilla.thunderbird', - '500,6,995,KakaoTalk,KakaoTalk,Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.kakao.KakaoTalkMac' - ) -- Useful for unsigned binaries - AND NOT alt_exception_key IN ( - '0,6,80,tailscaled,tailscaled,500u,80g', - '500,6,22,ssh,ssh,0u,500g', - '500,6,5432,psql,psql,500u,80g', - '500,6,22,ssh,ssh,500u,0g', - '500,17,123,limactl,limactl,500u,80g', - '500,17,123,gvproxy,gvproxy,500u,80g', - '500,6,80,qemu-system-x86_64,qemu-system-x86_64,500u,80g', - '500,6,22,ssh,ssh,500u,20g', - '500,6,22,ssh,ssh,500u,80g', - '500,6,80,git-remote-http,git-remote-http,500u,20g', - '500,6,3307,cloud_sql_proxy,cloud_sql_proxy,0u,0g', - '500,6,3307,cloud-sql-proxy,cloud-sql-proxy,500u,20g', - '500,6,3307,cloud_sql_proxy,cloud_sql_proxy,500u,20g', - '500,6,80,chainlink,chainlink,500u,20g', - '500,6,80,copilot-agent-macos-arm64,copilot-agent-macos-arm64,500u,20g', - '500,6,80,firefox,firefox,500u,20g', - '500,6,80,qemu-system-aarch64,qemu-system-aarch64,500u,80g' - ) - AND NOT alt_exception_key LIKE '500,6,22,packer-plugin-amazon%,packer-plugin-amazon_%,500u,20g' - AND NOT ( - alt_exception_key LIKE '500,6,%,syncthing,syncthing,0u,500g' - AND remote_port > 79 - ) - AND NOT ( - alt_exception_key LIKE '500,6,%,nuclei,nuclei,500u,80g' - AND remote_port > 20 - AND remote_port < 32000 - ) - AND NOT ( - exception_key LIKE '500,6,%,syncthing,syncthing,Developer ID Application: Kastelo AB (LQE5SYM783),syncthing' - AND remote_port > 24 - ) - AND NOT ( - exception_key LIKE '500,6,%,syncthing,syncthing,Developer ID Application: Jakob Borg (LQE5SYM783),syncthing' - AND remote_port > 24 + AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/opt/homebrew/bin/%' + AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/usr/bin/%' + AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/usr/sbin/%' + AND p0.path NOT LIKE '/usr/libexec/%' + AND NOT signed_exception IN ( + '500,Apple Mac OS Application Signing', + '500,Developer ID Application: Google LLC (EQHXZ8M8AV)' ) + AND NOT unsigned_exception IN () AND NOT ( - alt_exception_key = '500,6,80,main,main,500u,20g' + unsigned_exception = '500,6,80,main,main' AND p0.path LIKE '/var/folders/%/T/go-build%/b001/exe/main' - ) -- Wider - AND NOT ( - ( - pos.remote_port IN (80, 123, 587, 999) - OR pos.remote_port > 1024 - ) - AND id_exception_key IN ( - 'Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.buildtoconnect.screenrecorder', - 'Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.microsoft.OneDrive-mac', - 'Apple Mac OS Application Signing,com.ookla.speedtest-macos', - 'Apple Mac OS Application Signing,net.whatsapp.WhatsApp', - 'Apple Mac OS Application Signing,net.whatsapp.WhatsApp.ServiceExtension', - 'Developer ID Application: AMZN Mobile LLC (94KV3E626L),lima__bin__limactl', - 'Developer ID Application: AMZN Mobile LLC (94KV3E626L),net.java.openjdk.java', - 'Developer ID Application: Adguard Software Limited (TC3Q7MAJXF),com.adguard.mac.adguard.network-extension', - 'Developer ID Application: Adobe Inc. (JQ525L2MZD),com.adobe.AdobeResourceSynchronizer', - 'Developer ID Application: Adobe Inc. (JQ525L2MZD),com.adobe.Reader', - 'Developer ID Application: Adobe Inc. (JQ525L2MZD),com.adobe.lightroomCC', - 'Developer ID Application: Bitdefender SRL (GUNFMW623Y),com.bitdefender.cst.net.dci.dci-network-extension', - 'Developer ID Application: Bookry Ltd (4259LE8SU5),com.bookry.wavebox.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Brave Software, Inc. (KL8N8XSYF4),com.brave.Browser.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Brave Software, Inc. (KL8N8XSYF4),com.brave.Browser.nightly.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Cisco (DE8Y96K9QP),Cisco-Systems.SparkHelper', - 'Developer ID Application: Cloudflare Inc. (68WVV388M8),CloudflareWARP', - 'Developer ID Application: Docker Inc (9BNSXJN65R),com.docker', - 'Developer ID Application: Docker Inc (9BNSXJN65R),com.docker.docker', - 'Developer ID Application: Epic Games International, S.a.r.l. (96DBZ92D3Y),com.epicgames.EpicGamesLauncher', - 'Developer ID Application: Epic Games International, S.a.r.l. (96DBZ92D3Y),com.epicgames.UE4EditorServices', - 'Developer ID Application: Fellow Insights, Inc. (2NF46HY8D8),com.electron.fellow', - 'Developer ID Application: Fortinet, Inc (AH4XFXJ7DK),fctupdate', - 'Developer ID Application: GEORGE NACHMAN (H7V7XYVQ7D),com.googlecode.iterm2', - 'Developer ID Application: GUILHERME RAMBO (8C7439RJLG),codes.rambo.AirBuddy.MobileDevicesService', - 'Developer ID Application: Google LLC (EQHXZ8M8AV),com.google.Chrome.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Google LLC (EQHXZ8M8AV),com.google.GoogleUpdater', - 'Developer ID Application: Google LLC (EQHXZ8M8AV),com.google.one.NetworkExtension', - 'Developer ID Application: Loom, Inc (QGD2ZPXZZG),com.loom.desktop', - 'Developer ID Application: Microsoft Corporation (UBF8T346G9),com.microsoft.VSCode.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Microsoft Corporation (UBF8T346G9),com.microsoft.edgemac.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Microsoft Corporation (UBF8T346G9),com.microsoft.teams2.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Microsoft Corporation (UBF8T346G9),net.java.openjdk.java', - 'Developer ID Application: Mozilla Corporation (43AQ936H96),org.mozilla.firefox', - 'Developer ID Application: Mozilla Corporation (43AQ936H96),org.mozilla.firefoxdeveloperedition', - 'Developer ID Application: Mozilla Corporation (43AQ936H96),org.mozilla.thunderbird', - 'Developer ID Application: NVIDIA Corporation (6KR3T733EC),com.nvidia.nvcontainer', - 'Developer ID Application: Objective Development Software GmbH (MLZF7K7B5R),at.obdev.littlesnitch.networkextension', - 'Developer ID Application: Opera Software AS (A2P9LX4JPN),com.operasoftware.Opera.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Oracle America, Inc. (VB5E2TV963),net.java.openjdk.java', - 'Developer ID Application: Parallels International GmbH (4C6364ACXT),com.parallels.naptd', - 'Developer ID Application: Private Internet Access, Inc. (5357M5NW9W),com.privateinternetaccess.vpn', - 'Developer ID Application: Red Hat, Inc. (HYSCB8KRL2),gvproxy', - 'Developer ID Application: SUPERHUMAN LABS INC. (6XHFYUTQGX),com.superhuman.electron', - 'Developer ID Application: SURFSHARK LTD (YHUG37CKN8),com.surfshark.vpnclient.macos.direct', - 'Developer ID Application: Shanghai Lunkuo Technology Co., Ltd (T3UBR9Y3B2),com.bambulab.bambu-studio', - 'Developer ID Application: Signal Messenger, LLC (U68MSDN6DR),org.whispersystems.signal-desktop.helper.Renderer', - 'Developer ID Application: Skype Communications S.a.r.l (AL798K98FX),com.skype.skype.Helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Slack Technologies, Inc. (BQR82RBBHL),com.tinyspeck.slackmacgap.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Spotify (2FNC3A47ZF),com.spotify.client', - 'Developer ID Application: Spotify (2FNC3A47ZF),com.spotify.client.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Tailscale Inc. (W5364U7YZB),io.tailscale.ipn.macsys.network-extension', - 'Developer ID Application: TeamDev Ltd. (K436KHQ6D5),com.teamdev.Chromium', - 'Developer ID Application: TechSmith Corporation (7TQL462TU8),com.techsmith.camtasia2024', - 'Developer ID Application: TechSmith Corporation (7TQL462TU8),com.techsmith.snagit.capturehelper2020', - 'Developer ID Application: TechSmith Corporation (7TQL462TU8),com.techsmith.snagit.capturehelper2024', - 'Developer ID Application: The Browser Company of New York Inc. (S6N382Y83G),company.thebrowser.Browser', - 'Developer ID Application: The Browser Company of New York Inc. (S6N382Y83G),company.thebrowser.browser.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Valve Corporation (MXGJJ98X76),com.valvesoftware.steam', - 'Developer ID Application: Valve Corporation (MXGJJ98X76),com.valvesoftware.steam.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Vivaldi Technologies AS (4XF3XNRN6Y),com.vivaldi.Vivaldi.helper', - 'Developer ID Application: Vladimir Prelovac (TFVG979488),com.apple.WebKit.Networking', - 'Developer ID Application: WhatsApp Inc. (57T9237FN3),net.whatsapp.WhatsApp', - 'Developer ID Application: WhatsApp Inc. (57T9237FN3),net.whatsapp.WhatsApp.ServiceExtension', - 'Developer ID Application: Wizards of the Coast LLC (63JKFDP62M),com.wizards.mtga', - 'Developer ID Application: Zed Industries, Inc. (MQ55VZLNZQ),dev.zed.Zed-Preview', - 'Developer ID Application: Zoom Video Communications, Inc. (BJ4HAAB9B3),us.zoom.xos', - 'Developer ID Application: Zwift, Inc (C2GM8Y9VFM),ZwiftAppSilicon' - ) ) -GROUP BY - p0.cmdline +GROUP BY p0.cmdline \ No newline at end of file