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notebook.tex
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notebook.tex
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% Default to the notebook output style
% Inherit from the specified cell style.
\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
% Nicer default font (+ math font) than Computer Modern for most use cases
\usepackage{mathpazo}
% Basic figure setup, for now with no caption control since it's done
% automatically by Pandoc (which extracts  syntax from Markdown).
\usepackage{graphicx}
% We will generate all images so they have a width \maxwidth. This means
% that they will get their normal width if they fit onto the page, but
% are scaled down if they would overflow the margins.
\makeatletter
\def\maxwidth{\ifdim\Gin@nat@width>\linewidth\linewidth
\else\Gin@nat@width\fi}
\makeatother
\let\Oldincludegraphics\includegraphics
% Set max figure width to be 80% of text width, for now hardcoded.
\renewcommand{\includegraphics}[1]{\Oldincludegraphics[width=.8\maxwidth]{#1}}
% Ensure that by default, figures have no caption (until we provide a
% proper Figure object with a Caption API and a way to capture that
% in the conversion process - todo).
\usepackage{caption}
\DeclareCaptionLabelFormat{nolabel}{}
\captionsetup{labelformat=nolabel}
\usepackage{adjustbox} % Used to constrain images to a maximum size
\usepackage{xcolor} % Allow colors to be defined
\usepackage{enumerate} % Needed for markdown enumerations to work
\usepackage{geometry} % Used to adjust the document margins
\usepackage{amsmath} % Equations
\usepackage{amssymb} % Equations
\usepackage{textcomp} % defines textquotesingle
% Hack from http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/47451/13684:
\AtBeginDocument{%
\def\PYZsq{\textquotesingle}% Upright quotes in Pygmentized code
}
\usepackage{upquote} % Upright quotes for verbatim code
\usepackage{eurosym} % defines \euro
\usepackage[mathletters]{ucs} % Extended unicode (utf-8) support
\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % Allow utf-8 characters in the tex document
\usepackage{fancyvrb} % verbatim replacement that allows latex
\usepackage{grffile} % extends the file name processing of package graphics
% to support a larger range
% The hyperref package gives us a pdf with properly built
% internal navigation ('pdf bookmarks' for the table of contents,
% internal cross-reference links, web links for URLs, etc.)
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{longtable} % longtable support required by pandoc >1.10
\usepackage{booktabs} % table support for pandoc > 1.12.2
\usepackage[inline]{enumitem} % IRkernel/repr support (it uses the enumerate* environment)
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % ulem is needed to support strikethroughs (\sout)
% normalem makes italics be italics, not underlines
% Colors for the hyperref package
\definecolor{urlcolor}{rgb}{0,.145,.698}
\definecolor{linkcolor}{rgb}{.71,0.21,0.01}
\definecolor{citecolor}{rgb}{.12,.54,.11}
% ANSI colors
\definecolor{ansi-black}{HTML}{3E424D}
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% commands and environments needed by pandoc snippets
% extracted from the output of `pandoc -s`
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% Add ',fontsize=\small' for more characters per line
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% Define a nice break command that doesn't care if a line doesn't already
% exist.
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% Math Jax compatability definitions
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% Document parameters
\title{getting\_started\_with\_ethereum}
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% Exact colors from NB
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% Prevent overflowing lines due to hard-to-break entities
\sloppy
% Setup hyperref package
\hypersetup{
breaklinks=true, % so long urls are correctly broken across lines
colorlinks=true,
urlcolor=urlcolor,
linkcolor=linkcolor,
citecolor=citecolor,
}
% Slightly bigger margins than the latex defaults
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\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{\texorpdfstring{\textbf{Getting Started with
Ethereum}}{Getting Started with Ethereum}}\label{getting-started-with-ethereum}
\subsection{Requirements}\label{requirements}
Before you start developing a dapp make sure to run ganache-cli
(formerly testrpc) in a seperate terminal.
Install:
\begin{verbatim}
npm install -g ganache-cli
\end{verbatim}
Run:
\begin{verbatim}
ganache-cli
\end{verbatim}
\subsection{Imports}\label{imports}
\begin{itemize}
\item
web3 : module for interacting with the ethereum blockchain
\begin{Shaded}
\begin{Highlighting}[]
\ExtensionTok{pip}\NormalTok{ install web3}
\end{Highlighting}
\end{Shaded}
\item
solc : provides functions for compiling solidity
\begin{Shaded}
\begin{Highlighting}[]
\ExtensionTok{pip}\NormalTok{ install py-solc}
\end{Highlighting}
\end{Shaded}
\end{itemize}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}1}]:} \PY{k+kn}{from} \PY{n+nn}{web3} \PY{k}{import} \PY{n}{Web3}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{HTTPProvider}
\PY{k+kn}{from} \PY{n+nn}{solc} \PY{k}{import} \PY{n}{compile\PYZus{}source}
\end{Verbatim}
\subsection{\texorpdfstring{\textbf{Connect to the
Blockchain}}{Connect to the Blockchain}}\label{connect-to-the-blockchain}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}2}]:} \PY{n}{provider} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{http://}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{input}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{Enter the ip of your provider: }\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{provider} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{provider} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{:}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n+nb}{input}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{Enter the port of your provider: }\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{Connecting to RPC at: }\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n}{provider}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{WEB3} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{Web3}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{HTTPProvider}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{provider}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
Connecting to RPC at: http://13.59.43.120:8545
\end{Verbatim}
\subsection{\texorpdfstring{\textbf{Compile a
Contract}}{Compile a Contract}}\label{compile-a-contract}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}3}]:} \PY{k}{def} \PY{n+nf}{get\PYZus{}contract\PYZus{}source}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}path}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:} \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}opens file and returns a string of the files contents, used here for getting contract source code}
\PY{n}{contract} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n+nb}{open}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}path}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{r}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}str} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{contract}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{read}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{contract}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{close}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{return} \PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}str}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}4}]:} \PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}SOURCE} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{get\PYZus{}contract\PYZus{}source}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{greeter.sol}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)} \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}multiline string containing the solidity source code}
\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}COMPILED} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{compile\PYZus{}source}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}SOURCE}\PY{p}{)} \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}raw output of compiled contract code}
\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}INTERFACE} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}COMPILED}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZlt{}stdin\PYZgt{}:Greeter}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{]} \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}interface for the contract}
\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}ABI} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}INTERFACE}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{abi}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{]} \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}abi of the contract (required for calling and compiling deploying the contract)}
\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}BIN} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}INTERFACE}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{bin}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{]} \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}bytecode of the contract (required for deploying the contract)}
\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}BIN\PYZus{}RUNTIME} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}INTERFACE}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{bin\PYZhy{}runtime}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{]} \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{}bytecode runtime (required for deploying the contract)}
\end{Verbatim}
\subsection{\texorpdfstring{\textbf{Deploy the
Contract}}{Deploy the Contract}}\label{deploy-the-contract}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}5}]:} \PY{k}{def} \PY{n+nf}{deploy\PYZus{}contract}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{web3}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{contract}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{deployer\PYZus{}address}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{gas}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n}{tx\PYZus{}hash} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{contract}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{deploy}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{transaction}\PY{o}{=}\PY{p}{\PYZob{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{from}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{:} \PY{n}{deployer\PYZus{}address}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{gas}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{:} \PY{n}{gas}\PY{p}{\PYZcb{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{receipt} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{web3}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{eth}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{getTransactionReceipt}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{tx\PYZus{}hash}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{return} \PY{n}{receipt}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{contractAddress}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{]}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}6}]:} \PY{k}{def} \PY{n+nf}{initialize\PYZus{}contract}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{web3}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{:}
\PY{n}{contract} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{web3}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{eth}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{contract}\PY{p}{(}
\PY{n}{abi}\PY{o}{=}\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}ABI}\PY{p}{,}
\PY{n}{bytecode}\PY{o}{=}\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}BIN}\PY{p}{,}
\PY{n}{bytecode\PYZus{}runtime}\PY{o}{=}\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}BIN\PYZus{}RUNTIME}
\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{deployer\PYZus{}address} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n+nb}{input}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{Enter the address of the deployer: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{deployer\PYZus{}address} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{web3}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{eth}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{accounts}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{0}\PY{p}{]} \PY{k}{if} \PY{n}{deployer\PYZus{}address} \PY{o}{==} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{k}{else} \PY{n}{deployer\PYZus{}address}
\PY{n}{gas} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n+nb}{input}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{Enter the desired gas for the contract: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{gas} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{1000000} \PY{k}{if} \PY{n}{gas} \PY{o}{==} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{k}{else} \PY{n+nb}{int}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{gas}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}address} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{deploy\PYZus{}contract}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{web3}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{contract}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{deployer\PYZus{}address}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{gas}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{The contract address is: }\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}} \PY{o}{+} \PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}address}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{k}{return} \PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}address}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}8}]:} \PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}ADDRESS} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{initialize\PYZus{}contract}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{WEB3}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
The contract address is: 0xE2cC7b448617bB0Db302215fB94e6F104EbAa3CC
\end{Verbatim}
\subsection{\texorpdfstring{\textbf{Interact With the
Contract}}{Interact With the Contract}}\label{interact-with-the-contract}
\subsubsection{Read From the Chain}\label{read-from-the-chain}
Reading from the Ethereum blockchain costs 0 gas.
In solidity, read functions contain the '\texttt{constant}' reserved
word.
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}13}]:} \PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}instance} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{WEB3}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{eth}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{contract}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{abi}\PY{o}{=}\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}ABI}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}call} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}instance}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{call}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{\PYZob{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{to}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}} \PY{p}{:} \PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}ADDRESS}\PY{p}{\PYZcb{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}call}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{greet}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{outcolor}Out[{\color{outcolor}13}]:} "'hello there'"
\end{Verbatim}
\subsection{Writing To the Chain}\label{writing-to-the-chain}
Reading from the Ethereum chain costs gas.
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{incolor}In [{\color{incolor}14}]:} \PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}instance} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{WEB3}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{eth}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{contract}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{abi}\PY{o}{=}\PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}ABI}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}transact} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}instance}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{transact}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{\PYZob{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{from}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{:} \PY{n+nb}{input}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{Send from address: }\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{to}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{:} \PY{n}{CONTRACT\PYZus{}ADDRESS}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{gas}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{:} \PY{n+nb}{int}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n+nb}{input}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{Enter desired gas: }\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{\PYZcb{}}\PY{p}{)}
\PY{n}{contract\PYZus{}transact}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{setGreeting}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n+nb}{input}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{Enter desired greeting: }\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
{\color{outcolor}Out[{\color{outcolor}14}]:} '0x8ce694a18e7dba1ab89462d070de8bc804d1717f377e20fb9a98d25713f17104'
\end{Verbatim}
% Add a bibliography block to the postdoc
\end{document}