diff --git a/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/main/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/CreateRefResponse.kt b/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/main/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/CreateRefResponse.kt
index 021971fde7..e0421029f5 100644
--- a/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/main/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/CreateRefResponse.kt
+++ b/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/main/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/CreateRefResponse.kt
@@ -27,6 +27,19 @@
 
 package com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.pojo
 
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbFieldType
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbObject
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.beginUniformArray
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writeStringValue
+
 data class CreateRefResponse(
     val needs: Set<String>
-)
+) {
+    fun serialize(): CbObject {
+        return CbObject.build { writer ->
+            writer.beginUniformArray(CreateRefResponse::needs.name, CbFieldType.String)
+            needs.forEach { writer.writeStringValue(it) }
+            writer.endArray()
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/main/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/utils/DdcUtils.kt b/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/main/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/utils/DdcUtils.kt
index f6b7b2f0fc..ded1c3942c 100644
--- a/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/main/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/utils/DdcUtils.kt
+++ b/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/main/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/utils/DdcUtils.kt
@@ -29,8 +29,12 @@ package com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils
 
 import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.model.TDdcBlob
 import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.model.TDdcRef
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbObject
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory
 
 object DdcUtils {
+    private val logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DdcUtils::class.java)
+
     const val DIR_BLOBS = "blobs"
 
     fun TDdcRef.fullPath() = "/$bucket/$key"
@@ -38,4 +42,13 @@ object DdcUtils {
     fun TDdcBlob.fullPath() = "/blobs/$blobId"
 
     fun buildRef(bucket: String, key: String): String = "ref/$bucket/$key"
+
+    fun toError(e: Exception, statusCode: Int): Pair<CbObject, Int> {
+        logger.info("batch op failed:\n${e.stackTraceToString()}")
+        val obj = CbObject.build {
+            it.writeString("title", e.message)
+            it.writeInteger("status", statusCode)
+        }
+        return Pair(obj, statusCode)
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/test/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/BatchOpsResponseTest.kt b/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/test/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/BatchOpsResponseTest.kt
deleted file mode 100644
index 58741ba969..0000000000
--- a/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/test/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/BatchOpsResponseTest.kt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-package com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.pojo
-
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonObjectMapper
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbFieldType
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbObject
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.beginUniformArray
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writeStringValue
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
-
-class BatchOpsResponseTest {
-    @Test
-    fun test() {
-        val response = CbObject.build { responseWriter ->
-            responseWriter.beginUniformArray("needs", CbFieldType.String)
-            responseWriter.writeStringValue("o1")
-            responseWriter.writeStringValue("o2")
-            responseWriter.endArray()
-        }
-
-        val opResponse1 = OpResponse(1, response, 0)
-        val opResponse2 = OpResponse(2, response, 0)
-        val opsResponse = BatchOpsResponse(listOf(opResponse1, opResponse2))
-        val opsResCb = opsResponse.serialize()
-        val json = opsResCb.toJson(jacksonObjectMapper())
-        val expectedJson = "{\"results\":[" +
-                "{\"opId\":1,\"response\":{\"needs\":[\"o1\",\"o2\"]},\"statusCode\":0}," +
-                "{\"opId\":2,\"response\":{\"needs\":[\"o1\",\"o2\"]},\"statusCode\":0}]" +
-                "}"
-        assertEquals(expectedJson, json)
-    }
-}
diff --git a/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/test/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/BatchOpsTest.kt b/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/test/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/BatchOpsTest.kt
deleted file mode 100644
index 4d3647f364..0000000000
--- a/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/test/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/BatchOpsTest.kt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-package com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.pojo
-
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonObjectMapper
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbFieldType
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbObject
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbWriter
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.beginUniformArray
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writeBool
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writeInteger
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writeString
-import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writerObject
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
-
-class BatchOpsTest {
-    @Test
-    fun test() {
-        val writer = CbWriter()
-        writer.beginObject()
-        writer.beginUniformArray(BatchOps::ops.name, CbFieldType.Object)
-        writer.beginObject()
-        writer.writeInteger(BatchOp::opId.name, 0)
-        writer.writeString(BatchOp::bucket.name, "bucket")
-        writer.writeString(BatchOp::key.name, "key")
-        writer.writeString(BatchOp::op.name, Operation.GET.name)
-        writer.writeBool(BatchOp::resolveAttachments.name, true)
-        writer.endObject()
-
-        writer.beginObject()
-        writer.writeInteger(BatchOp::opId.name, 0)
-        writer.writeString(BatchOp::bucket.name, "bucket")
-        writer.writeString(BatchOp::key.name, "key")
-        writer.writeString(BatchOp::op.name, Operation.HEAD.name)
-        writer.endObject()
-
-        val payload = CbObject.build { innerWriter -> innerWriter.writeString("test", "test value") }
-        writer.beginObject()
-        writer.writeInteger(BatchOp::opId.name, 0)
-        writer.writeString(BatchOp::bucket.name, "bucket")
-        writer.writeString(BatchOp::key.name, "key")
-        writer.writeString(BatchOp::op.name, Operation.PUT.name)
-        writer.writerObject(BatchOp::payload.name, payload)
-        writer.writeString(BatchOp::payloadHash.name, "test hash")
-        writer.endObject()
-        writer.endArray()
-        writer.endObject()
-
-        val batchOps = BatchOps.deserialize(writer.toByteArray())
-        println(batchOps.ops[2].payload!!.toJson(jacksonObjectMapper()))
-        assertEquals(
-            "{\"test\":\"test value\"}",
-            batchOps.ops[2].payload!!.toJson(jacksonObjectMapper())
-        )
-    }
-}
diff --git a/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/test/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/SerializationTest.kt b/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/test/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/SerializationTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e50299f39f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/ddc/biz-ddc/src/test/kotlin/com/tencent/bkrepo/ddc/pojo/SerializationTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/*
+ * Tencent is pleased to support the open source community by making BK-CI 蓝鲸持续集成平台 available.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 THL A29 Limited, a Tencent company.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * BK-CI 蓝鲸持续集成平台 is licensed under the MIT license.
+ *
+ * A copy of the MIT License is included in this file.
+ *
+ *
+ * Terms of the MIT License:
+ * ---------------------------------------------------
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated
+ * documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
+ * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+ * permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of
+ * the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+ * NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+ * SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.pojo
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonObjectMapper
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.common.api.constant.HttpStatus
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.common.api.exception.ErrorCodeException
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.common.api.message.CommonMessageCode
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbFieldType
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbObject
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.serialization.CbWriter
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.DdcUtils
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.beginUniformArray
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writeBool
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writeInteger
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writeString
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writeStringValue
+import com.tencent.bkrepo.ddc.utils.writerObject
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+
+class SerializationTest {
+    @Test
+    fun testSerializeBatchOpsResponse() {
+        val response = CbObject.build { responseWriter ->
+            responseWriter.beginUniformArray("needs", CbFieldType.String)
+            responseWriter.writeStringValue("o1")
+            responseWriter.writeStringValue("o2")
+            responseWriter.endArray()
+        }
+
+        val opResponse1 = OpResponse(1, response, 0)
+        val opResponse2 = OpResponse(2, response, 0)
+        val opsResponse = BatchOpsResponse(listOf(opResponse1, opResponse2))
+        val opsResCb = opsResponse.serialize()
+        val json = opsResCb.toJson(jacksonObjectMapper())
+        val expectedJson = "{\"results\":[" +
+                "{\"opId\":1,\"response\":{\"needs\":[\"o1\",\"o2\"]},\"statusCode\":0}," +
+                "{\"opId\":2,\"response\":{\"needs\":[\"o1\",\"o2\"]},\"statusCode\":0}]" +
+                "}"
+        assertEquals(expectedJson, json)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testDeserializeBatchOps() {
+        val writer = CbWriter()
+        writer.beginObject()
+        writer.beginUniformArray(BatchOps::ops.name, CbFieldType.Object)
+        writer.beginObject()
+        writer.writeInteger(BatchOp::opId.name, 0)
+        writer.writeString(BatchOp::bucket.name, "bucket")
+        writer.writeString(BatchOp::key.name, "key")
+        writer.writeString(BatchOp::op.name, Operation.GET.name)
+        writer.writeBool(BatchOp::resolveAttachments.name, true)
+        writer.endObject()
+
+        writer.beginObject()
+        writer.writeInteger(BatchOp::opId.name, 0)
+        writer.writeString(BatchOp::bucket.name, "bucket")
+        writer.writeString(BatchOp::key.name, "key")
+        writer.writeString(BatchOp::op.name, Operation.HEAD.name)
+        writer.endObject()
+
+        val payload = CbObject.build { innerWriter -> innerWriter.writeString("test", "test value") }
+        writer.beginObject()
+        writer.writeInteger(BatchOp::opId.name, 0)
+        writer.writeString(BatchOp::bucket.name, "bucket")
+        writer.writeString(BatchOp::key.name, "key")
+        writer.writeString(BatchOp::op.name, Operation.PUT.name)
+        writer.writerObject(BatchOp::payload.name, payload)
+        writer.writeString(BatchOp::payloadHash.name, "test hash")
+        writer.endObject()
+        writer.endArray()
+        writer.endObject()
+
+        val batchOps = BatchOps.deserialize(writer.toByteArray())
+        println(batchOps.ops[2].payload!!.toJson(jacksonObjectMapper()))
+        assertEquals(
+            "{\"test\":\"test value\"}",
+            batchOps.ops[2].payload!!.toJson(jacksonObjectMapper())
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testSerializeCreateRefResponse() {
+        val res = CreateRefResponse(needs = setOf("a", "b", "c"))
+        assertEquals("{\"needs\":[\"a\",\"b\",\"c\"]}", res.serialize().toJson(jacksonObjectMapper()))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testSerializeError() {
+        val e = ErrorCodeException(CommonMessageCode.PARAMETER_INVALID, "test")
+        val (error, code) = DdcUtils.toError(e, HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value)
+        assertEquals(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value, code)
+        assertEquals(
+            "{\"title\":\"[250105]system.parameter.invalid\",\"status\":400}",
+            error.toJson(jacksonObjectMapper())
+        )
+    }
+}