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+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + https://doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0b013e3182574778 + + + + + Yorkshire + + + + + female + + + + + 40–50 kg + + + + + Pig + + + + + No age reported + + + + + Sprague-Dawley + + + + + rat + + + + + 17 days + + + + + 7 days + + + + + Sprague-Dawley + + + + + male + + + + + 300 - 400 g + + + + + rat + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ns2:C111564 + Thesaurus:C111564 + + + + ns2:C111564 + ns2:C116977 + + + + ns2:C111564 + ns2:C142799 + + + + ns2:C111564 + C111564 + + + + ns2:C111564 + Organism + + + + ns2:C111564 + Multi-Drug Resistant Organism + + + + ns2:C111564 + Multi-Drug Resistant Organism + + + + ns2:C111564 + C3826980 + + + + ns2:C111564 + CTRP + + + + ns2:C111564 + MDRO + + + + ns2:C111564 + Multi-Drug Resistant Organism + + + + ns2:C111564 + Multi-drug resistant organisms + + + + ns2:C111564 + A microorganism, often a bacterium, that is not susceptible to standard antimicrobial therapies. + + + + ns2:C111564 + Multi-Drug Resistant Organism + + + + ns2:C112230 + Thesaurus:C112230 + + + + ns2:C112230 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C112230 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C112230 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C112230 + C112230 + + + + ns2:C112230 + Virus + + + + ns2:C112230 + Arbovirus + + + + ns2:C112230 + C0003725 + + + + ns2:C112230 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C112230 + A non-taxonomic grouping of viruses that are transmitted through an arthropod vector and replicate in a vertebrate host. + + + + ns2:C112230 + ARBOVIRUS + + + + ns2:C112230 + Arbovirus + + + + ns2:C112230 + Arthropod-borne Virus + + + + ns2:C112230 + A non-taxonomic grouping of viruses that are transmitted through an arthropod vector and replicate in a vertebrate host. These include a variety of species from the families Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae and Reoviridae. + + + + ns2:C112230 + Arbovirus + + + + ns2:C117456 + Thesaurus:C117456 + + + + ns2:C117456 + C117456 + + + + ns2:C117456 + Classification + + + + ns2:C117456 + Organism Substrain + + + + ns2:C117456 + C3890722 + + + + ns2:C117456 + Organism Substrain + + + + ns2:C117456 + A further sub-classification of the organism strain. + + + + ns2:C117456 + Organism Substrain + + + + ns2:C117982 + Thesaurus:C117982 + + + + ns2:C117982 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C117982 + ns2:C77526 + + + + ns2:C117982 + ns2:C77530 + + + + ns2:C117982 + C117982 + + + + ns2:C117982 + Classification + + + + ns2:C117982 + Domestic Animal + + + + ns2:C117982 + C0003063 + + + + ns2:C117982 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C117982 + The name for a domesticated animal that does not have a pedigree nor belong to a specific breed. (NCI) + + + + ns2:C117982 + DOMESTIC + + + + ns2:C117982 + Domestic Animal + + + + ns2:C117982 + The name for a domesticated animal that does not have a pedigree nor belong to a specific breed. + + + + ns2:C117982 + Domestic Animal + + + + ns2:C118931 + Thesaurus:C118931 + + + + ns2:C118931 + C118931 + + + + ns2:C118931 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C118931 + Rhodobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C118931 + C1003859 + + + + ns2:C118931 + 31989 + + + + ns2:C118931 + Rhodobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C118931 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Actibacterium, Agaricicola and Rhodobacter, among others. + + + + ns2:C118931 + Rhodobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C119321 + Thesaurus:C119321 + + + + ns2:C119321 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C119321 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C119321 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C119321 + C119321 + + + + ns2:C119321 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C119321 + Anaerobic Bacteria + + + + ns2:C119321 + C0004613 + + + + ns2:C119321 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C119321 + Any bacterial organism that does not require oxygen to grow or respirate and cannot be assigned to a specific genus or species. + + + + ns2:C119321 + ANAEROBIC BACTERIA + + + + ns2:C119321 + Anaerobe + + + + ns2:C119321 + Anaerobic Bacteria + + + + ns2:C119321 + Any bacteria that does not require oxygen to grow or respirate. + + + + ns2:C119321 + Anaerobic Bacteria + + + + ns2:C120539 + Thesaurus:C120539 + + + + ns2:C120539 + C120539 + + + + ns2:C120539 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C120539 + Mucoromycotina + + + + ns2:C120539 + C2283745 + + + + ns2:C120539 + 451507 + + + + ns2:C120539 + Mucoromycotina + + + + ns2:C120539 + A taxonomic grouping of saprotrophic fungi in the Mucoromycotina subphylum. + + + + ns2:C120539 + Mucoromycotina + + + + ns2:C120707 + Thesaurus:C120707 + + + + ns2:C120707 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C120707 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C120707 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C120707 + C120707 + + + + ns2:C120707 + Classification + + + + ns2:C120707 + Mixed Flora + + + + ns2:C120707 + C2061911 + + + + ns2:C120707 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C120707 + The presence of more than one fungal and/or bacterial organism in a culture. (NCI) + + + + ns2:C120707 + MIXED FLORA + + + + ns2:C120707 + Mixed Flora + + + + ns2:C120707 + The presence of more than one fungal and/or bacterial organism in a culture. + + + + ns2:C120707 + Mixed Flora + + + + ns2:C122009 + Thesaurus:C122009 + + + + ns2:C122009 + C122009 + + + + ns2:C122009 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C122009 + Dialister + + + + ns2:C122009 + C1008539 + + + + ns2:C122009 + 39948 + + + + ns2:C122009 + Dialister + + + + ns2:C122009 + A genus of Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. + + + + ns2:C122009 + Dialister + + + + ns2:C122020 + Thesaurus:C122020 + + + + ns2:C122020 + C122020 + + + + ns2:C122020 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C122020 + Dolosigranulum + + + + ns2:C122020 + C1002615 + + + + ns2:C122020 + 29393 + + + + ns2:C122020 + Dolosigranulum + + + + ns2:C122020 + A genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria in the family Firmicutes. + + + + ns2:C122020 + Dolosigranulum + + + + ns2:C122024 + Thesaurus:C122024 + + + + ns2:C122024 + C122024 + + + + ns2:C122024 + Animal + + + + ns2:C122024 + Platyhelminthes + + + + ns2:C122024 + C0032211 + + + + ns2:C122024 + 6157 + + + + ns2:C122024 + Platyhelminth + + + + ns2:C122024 + Platyhelminthes + + + + ns2:C122024 + The taxanomic phylum of flatworms. Flatworms have simple bilateral symmetry, are unsegmented, soft-bodied, and have no body cavity and no specialized circulatory or respiratory organs. + + + + ns2:C122024 + Platyhelminthes + + + + ns2:C122287 + Thesaurus:C122287 + + + + ns2:C122287 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C122287 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C122287 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C122287 + C122287 + + + + ns2:C122287 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C122287 + Dorea + + + + ns2:C122287 + C1212549 + + + + ns2:C122287 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C122287 + Any bacterial organism that can be assigned to the genus Dorea. + + + + ns2:C122287 + 189330 + + + + ns2:C122287 + DOREA + + + + ns2:C122287 + Dorea + + + + ns2:C122287 + A genus of Gram-positive, obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes. + + + + ns2:C122287 + Dorea + + + + ns2:C122292 + Thesaurus:C122292 + + + + ns2:C122292 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C122292 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C122292 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C122292 + C122292 + + + + ns2:C122292 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C122292 + Ehrlichia + + + + ns2:C122292 + C0013722 + + + + ns2:C122292 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C122292 + Any bacterial organism that is not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Ehrlichia genus level. + + + + ns2:C122292 + 943 + + + + ns2:C122292 + Cowdria + + + + ns2:C122292 + EHRLICHIA + + + + ns2:C122292 + Ehrlichia + + + + ns2:C122292 + Kurlovia + + + + ns2:C122292 + Nicollea + + + + ns2:C122292 + A genus of tick-borne bacteria in the family Anaplasmataceae. Ehrlichia are obligately intracellular pathogens and are the causative agent of ehrlichiosis. + + + + ns2:C122292 + Ehrlichia + + + + ns2:C122310 + Thesaurus:C122310 + + + + ns2:C122310 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C122310 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C122310 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C122310 + C122310 + + + + ns2:C122310 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C122310 + Flavonifractor + + + + ns2:C122310 + C2959924 + + + + ns2:C122310 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C122310 + Any bacterial organism that is not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Flavonifractor genus level. + + + + ns2:C122310 + 946234 + + + + ns2:C122310 + FLAVONIFRACTOR + + + + ns2:C122310 + Flavonifractor + + + + ns2:C122310 + A genus of strictly anaerobic, Gram-variable, bacillus-shaped bacteria with variable motility in the family Firmicutes. Bacteria in the genus are asaccharolytic and weakly fermentative on glucose, fructose, and ribose. + + + + ns2:C122310 + Flavonifractor + + + + ns2:C123335 + Thesaurus:C123335 + + + + ns2:C123335 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C123335 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C123335 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C123335 + C123335 + + + + ns2:C123335 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C123335 + Microsporidia + + + + ns2:C123335 + C0917724 + + + + ns2:C123335 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C123335 + Any fungal organism that can be assigned to the phylum Microsporidia. + + + + ns2:C123335 + 6029 + + + + ns2:C123335 + MICROSPORIDIA + + + + ns2:C123335 + Microspora + + + + ns2:C123335 + Microsporea + + + + ns2:C123335 + Microsporida + + + + ns2:C123335 + Microsporidia + + + + ns2:C123335 + A taxonomic grouping of spore-forming, unicellular, and parasitic fungi that can be assigned to the Microsporidia phylum. + + + + ns2:C123335 + Microsporidia + + + + ns2:C123934 + Thesaurus:C123934 + + + + ns2:C123934 + C123934 + + + + ns2:C123934 + Organism + + + + ns2:C123934 + Definitive Host + + + + ns2:C123934 + C4086236 + + + + ns2:C123934 + Definitive Host + + + + ns2:C123934 + Primary Host + + + + ns2:C123934 + The host in which a parasite spends the sexual stage of its life cycle. + + + + ns2:C123934 + Definitive Host + + + + ns2:C123935 + Thesaurus:C123935 + + + + ns2:C123935 + C123935 + + + + ns2:C123935 + Organism + + + + ns2:C123935 + Intermediate Host + + + + ns2:C123935 + C4086523 + + + + ns2:C123935 + Intermediate Host + + + + ns2:C123935 + A host in which a parasite goes through its larval or developmental stages but does not reach sexual maturity. + + + + ns2:C123935 + Intermediate Host + + + + ns2:C124287 + Thesaurus:C124287 + + + + ns2:C124287 + C124287 + + + + ns2:C124287 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C124287 + Spirillaceae + + + + ns2:C124287 + C0037964 + + + + ns2:C124287 + 119068 + + + + ns2:C124287 + Spirillaceae + + + + ns2:C124287 + Spirillaceae + + + + ns2:C125642 + Thesaurus:C125642 + + + + ns2:C125642 + C125642 + + + + ns2:C125642 + Classification + + + + ns2:C125642 + Helminth + + + + ns2:C125642 + C0018893 + + + + ns2:C125642 + Helminth + + + + ns2:C125642 + Helminths + + + + ns2:C125642 + A non-taxonomic group of parasitic worms. The term may be used to describe flatworms (Platyhelminthes), namely cestodes (tapeworms) and trematodes (flukes), and roundworms (Nematoda). These are common infectious agents of humans in developing countries. + + + + ns2:C125642 + Helminth + + + + ns2:C125957 + Thesaurus:C125957 + + + + ns2:C125957 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C125957 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C125957 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C125957 + C125957 + + + + ns2:C125957 + Classification + + + + ns2:C125957 + Normal Flora + + + + ns2:C125957 + C0314761 + + + + ns2:C125957 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C125957 + The presence of microorganisms that normally reside at an anatomical site and that under normal circumstances do not cause disease. + + + + ns2:C125957 + NORMAL FLORA + + + + ns2:C125957 + Normal Flora + + + + ns2:C125957 + Harmless or beneficial population of microorganisms or plant life that normally occur in specific areas of the body or the environment. + + + + ns2:C125957 + Normal Flora + + + + ns2:C127286 + Thesaurus:C127286 + + + + ns2:C127286 + C127286 + + + + ns2:C127286 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C127286 + Herbaspirillum + + + + ns2:C127286 + C0995448 + + + + ns2:C127286 + 963 + + + + ns2:C127286 + Herbaspirillum + + + + ns2:C127286 + A genus of Gram-negative, motile, spirillum-shaped bacteria in the Proteobacteria phylum and Betaproteobacteria class that colonize diverse plants. Many species within Herbaspirillum are able to fix nitrogen. Sugars are oxidized, but not fermented. + + + + ns2:C127286 + Herbaspirillum + + + + ns2:C127706 + Thesaurus:C127706 + + + + ns2:C127706 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C127706 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C127706 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C127706 + C127706 + + + + ns2:C127706 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C127706 + Enteric Bacteria + + + + ns2:C127706 + CL508741 + + + + ns2:C127706 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C127706 + Any rod-shaped bacterial organism that does not require oxygen to grow or respirate, cannot be assigned to a specific genus or species, has a cell wall that stains Gram-negative, and that occurs normally or pathogenically in the intestinal tracts of animals. + + + + ns2:C127706 + ENTERIC BACTERIA + + + + ns2:C127706 + Enteric Bacteria + + + + ns2:C127706 + Any of the bacteria that normally or pathogenically reside in the intestinal tracts of animals. + + + + ns2:C127706 + Enteric Bacteria + + + + ns2:C127727 + Thesaurus:C127727 + + + + ns2:C127727 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C127727 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C127727 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C127727 + C127727 + + + + ns2:C127727 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C127727 + Lysinibacillus + + + + ns2:C127727 + C1947862 + + + + ns2:C127727 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C127727 + Any bacteria that is not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Lysinibacillus genus level. + + + + ns2:C127727 + 400634 + + + + ns2:C127727 + LYSINIBACILLUS + + + + ns2:C127727 + Lysinibacillus + + + + ns2:C127727 + A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-motile bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. + + + + ns2:C127727 + Lysinibacillus + + + + ns2:C128362 + Thesaurus:C128362 + + + + ns2:C128362 + ns2:C128453 + + + + ns2:C128362 + ns2:C90259 + + + + ns2:C128362 + C128362 + + + + ns2:C128362 + Eukaryote + + + + ns2:C128362 + Dimorphic Fungus + + + + ns2:C128362 + C1562222 + + + + ns2:C128362 + NICHD + + + + ns2:C128362 + A fungus that grows as either a yeast or a mold. + + + + ns2:C128362 + Dimorphic Fungus + + + + ns2:C128362 + A fungus that grows as either a yeast or a mold. + + + + ns2:C128362 + Dimorphic Fungus + + + + ns2:C129411 + Thesaurus:C129411 + + + + ns2:C129411 + ns2:C116977 + + + + ns2:C129411 + ns2:C142799 + + + + ns2:C129411 + C129411 + + + + ns2:C129411 + Organism + + + + ns2:C129411 + Clostridium Cluster + + + + ns2:C129411 + Clostridium Cluster + + + + ns2:C129411 + 7981107 + + + + ns2:C129411 + CL512696 + + + + ns2:C129411 + CTRP + + + + ns2:C129411 + Clostridium Cluster + + + + ns2:C129411 + A set of non-taxonomic groups of bacterial species in either the Clostridium genus or another related genus. The members of the groups were chosen based on comparative sequence analysis of their 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. + + + + ns2:C129411 + Clostridium Cluster + + + + ns2:C140177 + Thesaurus:C140177 + + + + ns2:C140177 + C140177 + + + + ns2:C140177 + Virus + + + + ns2:C140177 + Subviral Satellite + + + + ns2:C140177 + C1623044 + + + + ns2:C140177 + Satellite + + + + ns2:C140177 + Subviral Satellite + + + + ns2:C140177 + A subviral agent composed of nucleic acid that depends on the co-infection of a host cell with a helper virus for its replication. + + + + ns2:C140177 + Subviral Satellite + + + + ns2:C14181 + Thesaurus:C14181 + + + + ns2:C14181 + C14181 + + + + ns2:C14181 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14181 + Animal Virus + + + + ns2:C14181 + C0003060 + + + + ns2:C14181 + Animal_Virus + + + + ns2:C14181 + Animal Virus + + + + ns2:C14181 + Viruses, Animal + + + + ns2:C14181 + An animal pathogen that is a virus. + + + + ns2:C14181 + Animal Virus + + + + ns2:C14182 + Thesaurus:C14182 + + + + ns2:C14182 + ns2:C133805 + + + + ns2:C14182 + ns2:C133862 + + + + ns2:C14182 + ns2:C159501 + + + + ns2:C14182 + ns2:C159503 + + + + ns2:C14182 + ns2:C54447 + + + + ns2:C14182 + ns2:C94849 + + + + ns2:C14182 + C14182 + + + + ns2:C14182 + Animal + + + + ns2:C14182 + Animal + + + + ns2:C14182 + C0003062 + + + + ns2:C14182 + BRIDG + + + + ns2:C14182 + FDA + + + + ns2:C14182 + A living organism that has membranous cell walls, requires oxygen and organic foods, and is capable of voluntary movement, as distinguished from a plant or mineral. + + + + ns2:C14182 + A non-human living organism that has membranous cell walls, requires oxygen and organic foods, and is capable of voluntary movement, as distinguished from a plant or mineral. EXAMPLE(S): dog, cat, mouse, microorganism OTHER NAME(S): NOTE(S): + + + + ns2:C14182 + A non-human living organism that has membranous cell walls, requires oxygen and organic foods, and is capable of voluntary movement, as distinguished from a plant or mineral. EXAMPLE(S): dog, cat, mouse, microorganism. + + + + ns2:C14182 + Animal + + + + ns2:C14182 + ANIMAL + + + + ns2:C14182 + Animal + + + + ns2:C14182 + Animalia + + + + ns2:C14182 + Animals + + + + ns2:C14182 + Metazoa + + + + ns2:C14182 + Metazoa Kingdom + + + + ns2:C14182 + A living organism that has membranous cell walls, requires oxygen and organic foods, and is capable of voluntary movement, as distinguished from a plant or mineral. + + + + ns2:C14182 + Animal + + + + ns2:C14183 + Thesaurus:C14183 + + + + ns2:C14183 + C14183 + + + + ns2:C14183 + Animal + + + + ns2:C14183 + Laboratory Animal + + + + ns2:C14183 + C0003064 + + + + ns2:C14183 + Laboratory_Animal + + + + ns2:C14183 + Laboratory Animal + + + + ns2:C14183 + A grouping of those animals that are commonly used as subjects in laboratory research. + + + + ns2:C14183 + Laboratory Animal + + + + ns2:C14187 + Thesaurus:C14187 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C185665 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C185665 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C128453 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C158119 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C173217 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C174019 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C178115 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C178127 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C186334 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C186341 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C77526 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C14187 + ns2:C90259 + + + + ns2:C14187 + C14187 + + + + ns2:C14187 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C14187 + Bacteria + + + + ns2:C14187 + C0004611 + + + + ns2:C14187 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C14187 + NICHD + + + + ns2:C14187 + PCDC + + + + ns2:C14187 + A large group of single-cell microorganisms. Some cause infections and disease in animals and humans. The singular of bacteria is bacterium. + + + + ns2:C14187 + A unicellular, prokaryotic organism that reproduces by cell division and usually has cell walls; can be shaped like spheres, rods, or spirals; and can be found in virtually any environment. + + + + ns2:C14187 + Any organism assigned to the kingdom Bacteria. + + + + ns2:C14187 + 2 + + + + ns2:C14187 + Bacteria + + + + ns2:C14187 + BACTERIA + + + + ns2:C14187 + Bacteria + + + + ns2:C14187 + Bacteria, Eubacteria + + + + ns2:C14187 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C14187 + Eubacteria + + + + ns2:C14187 + bacteria + + + + ns2:C14187 + Unicellular, prokaryotic organisms that reproduce by cell division and usually have cell walls; can be shaped like spheres, rods or spirals and can be found in virtually any environment. + + + + ns2:C14187 + Bacteria + + + + ns2:C14188 + Thesaurus:C14188 + + + + ns2:C14188 + C14188 + + + + ns2:C14188 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14188 + Bacteriophage + + + + ns2:C14188 + C0004651 + + + + ns2:C14188 + Bacteriophage + + + + ns2:C14188 + Bacteriophage + + + + ns2:C14188 + Phage + + + + ns2:C14188 + Viruses, Bacterial + + + + ns2:C14188 + A non-taxonomic grouping of viruses that infect and lyse certain bacteria and archaea. + + + + ns2:C14188 + Bacteriophage + + + + ns2:C14194 + Thesaurus:C14194 + + + + ns2:C14194 + C14194 + + + + ns2:C14194 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14194 + Chimera + + + + ns2:C14194 + C0008109 + + + + ns2:C14194 + Having parts of different origins. In medicine, refers to a person, organ, or tissue that contains cells with different genes than the rest of the person, organ, or tissue. This may happen because of a mutation (genetic change) that occurs during development, or as a result of a transplant of cells, organs, or tissues from another person or from a different species. In the laboratory, a chimeric protein can be made by combining two different genes. For example, a chimeric antibody is made by joining antibody genes from two different species, such as human and mouse. + + + + ns2:C14194 + Chimera + + + + ns2:C14194 + Chimera + + + + ns2:C14194 + Chimeric + + + + ns2:C14194 + chimeric + + + + ns2:C14194 + An organism with tissues derived from two or more genotypes; composed of parts that are of different origin. + + + + ns2:C14194 + A chimera may develop naturally by somatic cell mutation or be created artificially. + + + + ns2:C14194 + Chimera + + + + ns2:C14198 + Thesaurus:C14198 + + + + ns2:C14198 + ns2:C128453 + + + + ns2:C14198 + ns2:C90259 + + + + ns2:C14198 + C14198 + + + + ns2:C14198 + Eukaryote + + + + ns2:C14198 + Disease Vector + + + + ns2:C14198 + C0012656 + + + + ns2:C14198 + NICHD + + + + ns2:C14198 + An organism that can carry and transmit a pathogen to another organism. + + + + ns2:C14198 + Disease_Vector + + + + ns2:C14198 + Disease Vector + + + + ns2:C14198 + Disease Vectors + + + + ns2:C14198 + Vector + + + + ns2:C14198 + Vector (Infectious Agent) + + + + ns2:C14198 + An invertebrate animal (e.g., tick, mite, mosquito, bloodsucking fly) capable of transmitting an infectious agent among vertebrates. + + + + ns2:C14198 + Disease Vector + + + + ns2:C14200 + Thesaurus:C14200 + + + + ns2:C14200 + C14200 + + + + ns2:C14200 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14200 + DNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14200 + C0012923 + + + + ns2:C14200 + DNA_Virus + + + + ns2:C14200 + DNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14200 + Virus, DNA + + + + ns2:C14200 + Virus-DNA + + + + ns2:C14200 + Viruses, DNA + + + + ns2:C14200 + A virus that has DNA as its genetic material and does not use an RNA intermediate during replication. + + + + ns2:C14200 + DNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14209 + Thesaurus:C14209 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C185665 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C185665 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C128453 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C158119 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C173217 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C174019 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C178115 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C178127 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C186334 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C186341 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C77526 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C14209 + ns2:C90259 + + + + ns2:C14209 + C14209 + + + + ns2:C14209 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C14209 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C14209 + C0016832 + + + + ns2:C14209 + Patient Code (Appendix B) + + + + ns2:C14209 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C14209 + FDA + + + + ns2:C14209 + NICHD + + + + ns2:C14209 + PCDC + + + + ns2:C14209 + A eukaryotic, heterotrophic organism that lives as a saprobe or parasite, and includes yeasts and molds. It reproduces either sexually or asexually, and has a life cycle that ranges from simple to complex. + + + + ns2:C14209 + A plant-like organism that does not make chlorophyll. Mushrooms, yeasts, and molds are examples. The plural is fungi. + + + + ns2:C14209 + Any organism assigned to the kingdom Fungi. + + + + ns2:C14209 + 4751 + + + + ns2:C14209 + Fungi + + + + ns2:C14209 + FUNGI + + + + ns2:C14209 + FUNGUS + + + + ns2:C14209 + Fungi + + + + ns2:C14209 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C14209 + fungus + + + + ns2:C14209 + A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live as saprobes or parasites, including mushrooms, yeasts, smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies (mushrooms and molds). + + + + ns2:C14209 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C14214 + Thesaurus:C14214 + + + + ns2:C14214 + C14214 + + + + ns2:C14214 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14214 + Hepadnavirus + + + + ns2:C14214 + C0019132 + + + + ns2:C14214 + 10404 + + + + ns2:C14214 + Hepadnavirus + + + + ns2:C14214 + Hepadnavirus + + + + ns2:C14214 + A family of hepatotropic DNA viruses which contains double-stranded DNA genomes and causes hepatitis in humans and animals. Contains two genera: avihepadnavirus and orthohepadnavirus. + + + + ns2:C14214 + The Hepadnavirus Family derives its name from its hepatotropic nature and double-stranded DNA genome. The hepadnaviral genome is unique in that the plus strand is incomplete, leaving 15-50% of the molecule single-stranded and the minus strand while being complete, possesses a discontinuity at a unique site. The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the only causative agent for a human disease within the family. (http://www.stanford.edu/group/virus/hepadna/2000/hepadnavirus.html) + + + + ns2:C14214 + Hepadnavirus + + + + ns2:C14216 + Thesaurus:C14216 + + + + ns2:C14216 + C14216 + + + + ns2:C14216 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14216 + Hepatitis Virus + + + + ns2:C14216 + C0019186 + + + + ns2:C14216 + Hepatitis_Virus + + + + ns2:C14216 + Hepatitis Virus + + + + ns2:C14216 + A non-taxonomic classification of unrelated viruses that cause liver inflammation and dysfunction. + + + + ns2:C14216 + Hepatitis Virus + + + + ns2:C14228 + Thesaurus:C14228 + + + + ns2:C14228 + C14228 + + + + ns2:C14228 + Eukaryote + + + + ns2:C14228 + Invertebrate + + + + ns2:C14228 + C0021948 + + + + ns2:C14228 + Invertebrate + + + + ns2:C14228 + Invertebrata + + + + ns2:C14228 + Invertebrate + + + + ns2:C14228 + Invertebrates + + + + ns2:C14228 + Invertebrates, General + + + + ns2:C14228 + An animal lacking a vertebral column. This group consists of 98% of all animal species. + + + + ns2:C14228 + Invertebrate + + + + ns2:C14248 + Thesaurus:C14248 + + + + ns2:C14248 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C14248 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C14248 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C14248 + C14248 + + + + ns2:C14248 + Animal + + + + ns2:C14248 + Nematoda + + + + ns2:C14248 + C0027581 + + + + ns2:C14248 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C14248 + Any parasitic roundworm that is not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Nematoda phylum level. + + + + ns2:C14248 + 6231 + + + + ns2:C14248 + Nematodes + + + + ns2:C14248 + NEMATODA + + + + ns2:C14248 + Nematoda + + + + ns2:C14248 + Nematode + + + + ns2:C14248 + Roundworm + + + + ns2:C14248 + Roundworms + + + + ns2:C14248 + The taxonomic class whose members are unsegmented worms with an elongated rounded body pointed at both ends. + + + + ns2:C14248 + Nematoda + + + + ns2:C14249 + Thesaurus:C14249 + + + + ns2:C14249 + C14249 + + + + ns2:C14249 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14249 + Tumor Virus + + + + ns2:C14249 + C0029017 + + + + ns2:C14249 + Tumor_Virus + + + + ns2:C14249 + Oncogenic Virus + + + + ns2:C14249 + Tumor Virus + + + + ns2:C14249 + Tumor Viruses + + + + ns2:C14249 + A virus capable of transforming a cell to a malignant phenotype. (BioTech Life Science Dictionary) + + + + ns2:C14249 + Tumor Virus + + + + ns2:C14250 + Thesaurus:C14250 + + + + ns2:C14250 + ns2:C159501 + + + + ns2:C14250 + ns2:C159503 + + + + ns2:C14250 + ns2:C90259 + + + + ns2:C14250 + C14250 + + + + ns2:C14250 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14250 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14250 + C0029235 + + + + ns2:C14250 + BRIDG + + + + ns2:C14250 + NICHD + + + + ns2:C14250 + A living thing, such as an animal, a plant, a bacterium, or a fungus. + + + + ns2:C14250 + Any individual living (or previously living) being. EXAMPLE(S): animal, human being + + + + ns2:C14250 + Organisms + + + + ns2:C14250 + BiologicEntity + + + + ns2:C14250 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14250 + Organismal + + + + ns2:C14250 + Organisms + + + + ns2:C14250 + Taxon + + + + ns2:C14250 + organism + + + + ns2:C14250 + A living entity. + + + + ns2:C14250 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14257 + Thesaurus:C14257 + + + + ns2:C14257 + C14257 + + + + ns2:C14257 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14257 + Plant Virus + + + + ns2:C14257 + C0032092 + + + + ns2:C14257 + Plant_Virus + + + + ns2:C14257 + Plant Virus + + + + ns2:C14257 + Viruses, Plant + + + + ns2:C14257 + Viruses that replicate in and may produce diseases of higher plants. + + + + ns2:C14257 + Plant Virus + + + + ns2:C14258 + Thesaurus:C14258 + + + + ns2:C14258 + ns2:C133805 + + + + ns2:C14258 + ns2:C133862 + + + + ns2:C14258 + C14258 + + + + ns2:C14258 + Plant + + + + ns2:C14258 + Plant + + + + ns2:C14258 + C0032098 + + + + ns2:C14258 + FDA + + + + ns2:C14258 + Any living organism that typically synthesizes its food from inorganic substances, possesses cellulose cell walls, responds slowly and often permanently to a stimulus, lacks specialized sense organs and nervous system, and has no powers of locomotion. (EPA Terminology Reference System) + + + + ns2:C14258 + 33090 + + + + ns2:C14258 + Plant + + + + ns2:C14258 + Plant + + + + ns2:C14258 + Plants + + + + ns2:C14258 + Plants, General + + + + ns2:C14258 + Viridiplantae + + + + ns2:C14258 + Any living organism that typically synthesizes its food from inorganic substances, possesses cellulose cell walls, responds slowly and often permanently to a stimulus, lacks specialized sense organs and nervous system, and has no powers of locomotion. (EPA Terminology Reference System) + + + + ns2:C14258 + Plant + + + + ns2:C14263 + Thesaurus:C14263 + + + + ns2:C14263 + C14263 + + + + ns2:C14263 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14263 + Prokaryote + + + + ns2:C14263 + C0686817 + + + + ns2:C14263 + Prokaryote + + + + ns2:C14263 + Prokaryote + + + + ns2:C14263 + Prokaryotes + + + + ns2:C14263 + Prokaryotic Cells + + + + ns2:C14263 + Organisms without a cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles. Most prokaryotes are bacteria but the group includes both the Bacteria and the Archaea. Eukaryota, Bacteria, and Archaea are now considered the top nodes of a three-domain taxonomy system. + + + + ns2:C14263 + Prokaryote + + + + ns2:C14268 + Thesaurus:C14268 + + + + ns2:C14268 + C14268 + + + + ns2:C14268 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14268 + Retroviridae + + + + ns2:C14268 + C0035366 + + + + ns2:C14268 + A type of virus that has RNA instead of DNA as its genetic material. It uses an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to become part of the host cells' DNA. This allows many copies of the virus to be made in the host cells. The virus that causes AIDS, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is a type of retrovirus. + + + + ns2:C14268 + 11632 + + + + ns2:C14268 + Retroviridae + + + + ns2:C14268 + Retroviridae + + + + ns2:C14268 + Retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14268 + Retroviruses + + + + ns2:C14268 + Virus-Retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14268 + retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14268 + A family of viruses that possess RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (reverse transcriptases) and contain two identical molecules of positive sense, single-stranded RNA of high molecular weight. This RNA serves as a template for the synthesis of a complementary DNA, which may be integrated into the host DNA. Virions are enveloped. + + + + ns2:C14268 + This family of viruses resembles the orthomyxoviruses in size and shape, but are structurally more complex. + + + + ns2:C14268 + Retroviridae + + + + ns2:C14269 + Thesaurus:C14269 + + + + ns2:C14269 + C14269 + + + + ns2:C14269 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14269 + RNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14269 + C0035691 + + + + ns2:C14269 + RNA_Virus + + + + ns2:C14269 + RNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14269 + Virus-RNA + + + + ns2:C14269 + Viruses, RNA + + + + ns2:C14269 + A virus whose genome consists of RNA. + + + + ns2:C14269 + RNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14275 + Thesaurus:C14275 + + + + ns2:C14275 + C14275 + + + + ns2:C14275 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14275 + Specific Pathogen Free Organism + + + + ns2:C14275 + C0037788 + + + + ns2:C14275 + Specific_Pathogen_Free_Organism + + + + ns2:C14275 + SPF Organism + + + + ns2:C14275 + Specific Pathogen Free Organism + + + + ns2:C14275 + Specific-Pathogen-Free Organism + + + + ns2:C14275 + An organism that is born and reared in an environment that is lacking a select individual disease-causing organism or a whole class of pathogens. + + + + ns2:C14275 + Specific Pathogen Free Organism + + + + ns2:C14282 + Thesaurus:C14282 + + + + ns2:C14282 + C14282 + + + + ns2:C14282 + Vertebrate + + + + ns2:C14282 + Vertebrata + + + + ns2:C14282 + C0042567 + + + + ns2:C14282 + 7742 + + + + ns2:C14282 + Vertebrate + + + + ns2:C14282 + Vertebrata + + + + ns2:C14282 + Vertebrate + + + + ns2:C14282 + Vertebrate Animals + + + + ns2:C14282 + Vertebrates + + + + ns2:C14282 + A subphylum of animals consisting of those having a bony or cartilaginous vertebral column. + + + + ns2:C14282 + Vertebrata + + + + ns2:C14283 + Thesaurus:C14283 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C185665 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C185665 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C128453 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C158119 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C173217 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C174019 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C178115 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C178127 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C186334 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C186341 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C77526 + + + + ns2:C14283 + ns2:C90259 + + + + ns2:C14283 + C14283 + + + + ns2:C14283 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14283 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14283 + C0042776 + + + + ns2:C14283 + Patient Code (Appendix B) + + + + ns2:C14283 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C14283 + FDA + + + + ns2:C14283 + NICHD + + + + ns2:C14283 + PCDC + + + + ns2:C14283 + An infectious agent that comprises two parts: genetic material and a protein coat. These organisms lack independent metabolism, and they must infect the cells of other types of organisms to reproduce. + + + + ns2:C14283 + Any infectious agent assigned to the superkingdom Virus. + + + + ns2:C14283 + In medicine, a very simple microorganism that infects cells and may cause disease. Because viruses can multiply only inside infected cells, they are not considered to be alive. + + + + ns2:C14283 + 10239 + + + + ns2:C14283 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14283 + VIRUS + + + + ns2:C14283 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14283 + Viruses + + + + ns2:C14283 + Viruses, General + + + + ns2:C14283 + virus + + + + ns2:C14283 + An infectious agent which consists of two parts, genetic material and a protein coat. These organisms lack independent metabolism, and they must infect the cells of other types of organisms to reproduce. Most viruses are capable of passing through fine filters that retain bacteria, and are not visible through a light microscope. + + + + ns2:C14283 + Some viruses have a third component, a lipid envelope that surrounds the protein coat which can protect the virus particle from environmental exposure. + + + + ns2:C14283 + The complete particle usually contains only DNA or RNA, not both, and is usually covered by a protein shell or capsid that protects the nucleic acid. They range in size from 15 um up to several hundred um. Classification of viruses depends upon characteristics of virions as well as upon mode of transmission, host range, symptomatology, and other factors. + + + + ns2:C14283 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14286 + Thesaurus:C14286 + + + + ns2:C14286 + ns2:C128453 + + + + ns2:C14286 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C14286 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C14286 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C14286 + ns2:C90259 + + + + ns2:C14286 + C14286 + + + + ns2:C14286 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C14286 + Yeast + + + + ns2:C14286 + C0043393 + + + + ns2:C14286 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C14286 + NICHD + + + + ns2:C14286 + A unicellular fungus that reproduces by mitosis or budding. + + + + ns2:C14286 + Any of various single-celled ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and imperfect fungi with little or no mycelium development that asexually reproduce by budding. They ferment sugars to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide. + + + + ns2:C14286 + Yeast + + + + ns2:C14286 + YEAST + + + + ns2:C14286 + Yeast + + + + ns2:C14286 + Various single-celled members of the fungal families, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and imperfect fungi that tend to be unicellular for the greater part of their life cycle. + + + + ns2:C14286 + Yeast + + + + ns2:C14316 + Thesaurus:C14316 + + + + ns2:C14316 + ns2:C159501 + + + + ns2:C14316 + ns2:C159502 + + + + ns2:C14316 + C14316 + + + + ns2:C14316 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14316 + Infectious Agent + + + + ns2:C14316 + C0314732 + + + + ns2:C14316 + BRIDG + + + + ns2:C14316 + Infectious_Agent + + + + ns2:C14316 + Infectious Agent + + + + ns2:C14316 + Infectious Agents + + + + ns2:C14316 + Infective Agent + + + + ns2:C14316 + infectiousAgent + + + + ns2:C14316 + Any organism, such as a virus, parasite, or bacterium, that is capable of invading body tissues and multiplying. + + + + ns2:C14316 + Infectious Agent + + + + ns2:C14317 + Thesaurus:C14317 + + + + ns2:C14317 + C14317 + + + + ns2:C14317 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14317 + Human Virus + + + + ns2:C14317 + C0318356 + + + + ns2:C14317 + Human_Virus + + + + ns2:C14317 + Human Virus + + + + ns2:C14317 + Viruses, Human + + + + ns2:C14317 + Viruses which routinely infect humans + + + + ns2:C14317 + Human Virus + + + + ns2:C14320 + Thesaurus:C14320 + + + + ns2:C14320 + C14320 + + + + ns2:C14320 + Animal + + + + ns2:C14320 + Poikilotherms + + + + ns2:C14320 + C0324044 + + + + ns2:C14320 + Poikilotherms + + + + ns2:C14320 + Poikilotherms + + + + ns2:C14320 + Animals which have a body temperature which is largely controlled by external factors of the environment. + + + + ns2:C14320 + Poikilotherms + + + + ns2:C14329 + Thesaurus:C14329 + + + + ns2:C14329 + ns2:C116977 + + + + ns2:C14329 + ns2:C128453 + + + + ns2:C14329 + ns2:C133805 + + + + ns2:C14329 + ns2:C133862 + + + + ns2:C14329 + ns2:C142799 + + + + ns2:C14329 + ns2:C90259 + + + + ns2:C14329 + C14329 + + + + ns2:C14329 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14329 + Microorganism + + + + ns2:C14329 + Microorganism + + + + ns2:C14329 + C0445623 + + + + ns2:C14329 + CTRP + + + + ns2:C14329 + FDA + + + + ns2:C14329 + NICHD + + + + ns2:C14329 + A microscopic organism capable of causing disease in humans, plants, or animals. Most microbes are classified into one of four major groups: bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa. + + + + ns2:C14329 + A microscopic organism. The term microorganism may refer to a prokaryote or eukaryote, and may be a unicellular or multicellular organism. All taxonomic kingdoms contain microorganisms. + + + + ns2:C14329 + An organism that can be seen only through a microscope. Microorganisms include bacteria, protozoa, algae, and fungi. Although viruses are not considered living organisms, they are sometimes classified as microorganisms. + + + + ns2:C14329 + Microorganism + + + + ns2:C14329 + Micro-organism + + + + ns2:C14329 + Microbe + + + + ns2:C14329 + Microbial + + + + ns2:C14329 + Microorganism + + + + ns2:C14329 + Microorganisms + + + + ns2:C14329 + Microorganisms, General + + + + ns2:C14329 + Single-Celled Organism + + + + ns2:C14329 + microorganism + + + + ns2:C14329 + A microscopic organism. The term microorganism may refer to a prokaryote or eukaryote, and may be a unicellular or multicellular organism. All taxonomic kingdoms contain microorganisms. + + + + ns2:C14329 + Microorganism + + + + ns2:C14333 + Thesaurus:C14333 + + + + ns2:C14333 + C14333 + + + + ns2:C14333 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14333 + Marine Organism + + + + ns2:C14333 + C0599383 + + + + ns2:C14333 + Marine_Organism + + + + ns2:C14333 + Marine Organism + + + + ns2:C14333 + Any organism that lives in the sea + + + + ns2:C14333 + Marine Organism + + + + ns2:C14334 + Thesaurus:C14334 + + + + ns2:C14334 + ns2:C181176 + + + + ns2:C14334 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C14334 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C14334 + C14334 + + + + ns2:C14334 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14334 + Endogenous Retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14334 + C0600466 + + + + ns2:C14334 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C14334 + Integrated retroviral elements that are transmitted through the germline. (HGNC) + + + + ns2:C14334 + Endogenous_Retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14334 + ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUS + + + + ns2:C14334 + ERV + + + + ns2:C14334 + Endogenous Retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14334 + Genetic elements propagated primarily through the germline, with a proviral structure, i.e. the chromosomally-integrated form of retroviruses and regulated by cellular processes. Could be involved in development and serve as progenitors to pathogenic retroviruses. Classified as ecotropic or xenotropic. Ecotropic viruses can be transmitted to cells of the same species and can produce malignancies. Xenotropic viruses cannot infect cells from their host species but are infectious in heterologous species. Cycles of transcription and reverse transcription make the elements mobile and mutagenic. + + + + ns2:C14334 + Endogenous Retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14336 + Thesaurus:C14336 + + + + ns2:C14336 + C14336 + + + + ns2:C14336 + Plant + + + + ns2:C14336 + Vascular Plant + + + + ns2:C14336 + C0682475 + + + + ns2:C14336 + 58023 + + + + ns2:C14336 + Vascular_Plant + + + + ns2:C14336 + Higher Plant + + + + ns2:C14336 + Plants, Vascular + + + + ns2:C14336 + Tracheobionta + + + + ns2:C14336 + Tracheophytes + + + + ns2:C14336 + Vascular Plant + + + + ns2:C14336 + The flowering herbs, shrubs, trees and ferns. These plants have vascular tissue, consisting of xylem, which carries water and nutrients from the roots up the stem to the leaves, and the phloem, which carries sugar produced in the leaves to other parts of the plant. + + + + ns2:C14336 + Vascular Plant + + + + ns2:C14340 + Thesaurus:C14340 + + + + ns2:C14340 + C14340 + + + + ns2:C14340 + Plant + + + + ns2:C14340 + Non-Vascular Plant + + + + ns2:C14340 + C0331705 + + + + ns2:C14340 + Non-Vascular_Plant + + + + ns2:C14340 + Bryophyte + + + + ns2:C14340 + Non-Vascular Plant + + + + ns2:C14340 + Non-tracheophytes + + + + ns2:C14340 + Plants, Non-Vascular + + + + ns2:C14340 + A plant that does not have vascular tubes/tissues to transport food and water. It belongs to the division Bryophyta, which includes liverwort, and moss. + + + + ns2:C14340 + Non-Vascular Plant + + + + ns2:C14341 + Thesaurus:C14341 + + + + ns2:C14341 + C14341 + + + + ns2:C14341 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14341 + Primate Retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14341 + C1514432 + + + + ns2:C14341 + Primate_Retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14341 + Primate Retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14341 + An RNA containing virus infecting primates (SIV, STLV, SFV). + + + + ns2:C14341 + Primate Retrovirus + + + + ns2:C14346 + Thesaurus:C14346 + + + + ns2:C14346 + C14346 + + + + ns2:C14346 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14346 + Negative Sense ssRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14346 + C1093214 + + + + ns2:C14346 + 35301 + + + + ns2:C14346 + ssRNA_Virus_Strand + + + + ns2:C14346 + (-) Strand ssRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14346 + Negative Sense ssRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14346 + Negative Strand ssRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14346 + ssRNA Virus, (-) Strand + + + + ns2:C14346 + A single stranded RNA virus where the RNA strand is the complement of a mRNA. + + + + ns2:C14346 + Negative Sense ssRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14348 + Thesaurus:C14348 + + + + ns2:C14348 + C14348 + + + + ns2:C14348 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14348 + Double Stranded DNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14348 + C1512048 + + + + ns2:C14348 + 35237 + + + + ns2:C14348 + Double_Stranded_DNA_Virus + + + + ns2:C14348 + Double Stranded DNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14348 + dsDNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14348 + A virus that has double stranded DNA as its genetic material. + + + + ns2:C14348 + Double Stranded DNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14349 + Thesaurus:C14349 + + + + ns2:C14349 + C14349 + + + + ns2:C14349 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14349 + Other Virus Grouping + + + + ns2:C14349 + C1518674 + + + + ns2:C14349 + Other_Virus_Grouping + + + + ns2:C14349 + Other Virus Grouping + + + + ns2:C14349 + A non-taxonomic grouping of viruses based on a shared characteristic. + + + + ns2:C14349 + Other Virus Grouping + + + + ns2:C14350 + Thesaurus:C14350 + + + + ns2:C14350 + C14350 + + + + ns2:C14350 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14350 + Single Stranded DNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14350 + C1002566 + + + + ns2:C14350 + 29258 + + + + ns2:C14350 + Single_Stranded_DNA_Virus + + + + ns2:C14350 + Single Stranded DNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14350 + ssDNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14350 + A virus that has single stranded DNA as its genetic material. + + + + ns2:C14350 + Single Stranded DNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14351 + Thesaurus:C14351 + + + + ns2:C14351 + C14351 + + + + ns2:C14351 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14351 + Positive Sense ssRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14351 + C1005564 + + + + ns2:C14351 + 35278 + + + + ns2:C14351 + ssRNA_Virus_plus_Strand + + + + ns2:C14351 + + Strand ssRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14351 + Positive Sense ssRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14351 + Positive Strand ssRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14351 + ssRNA Virus, (+) Strand + + + + ns2:C14351 + A single stranded RNA virus where the RNA strand has the same polarity as a mRNA. + + + + ns2:C14351 + Positive Sense ssRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C14353 + Thesaurus:C14353 + + + + ns2:C14353 + C14353 + + + + ns2:C14353 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14353 + Recombinants + + + + ns2:C14353 + C1514798 + + + + ns2:C14353 + In genetics, describes DNA, proteins, cells, or organisms that are made by combining genetic material from two different sources. Recombinant substances are made in the laboratory and are being studied in the treatment of cancer and for many other uses. + + + + ns2:C14353 + Recombinants + + + + ns2:C14353 + Recombinants + + + + ns2:C14353 + recombinant + + + + ns2:C14353 + An individual cell or organisms which carries recombinant DNA + + + + ns2:C14353 + Recombinants + + + + ns2:C14354 + Thesaurus:C14354 + + + + ns2:C14354 + C14354 + + + + ns2:C14354 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14354 + Laboratory Organism + + + + ns2:C14354 + C1517710 + + + + ns2:C14354 + Laboratory_Organism + + + + ns2:C14354 + Experimental Organism + + + + ns2:C14354 + Laboratory Organism + + + + ns2:C14354 + A grouping of those organisms that are commonly used in laboratory research. + + + + ns2:C14354 + Laboratory Organism + + + + ns2:C14355 + Thesaurus:C14355 + + + + ns2:C14355 + C14355 + + + + ns2:C14355 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14355 + Agents of Opportunistic Infection + + + + ns2:C14355 + C1510832 + + + + ns2:C14355 + Agents_of_Opportunistic_Infection + + + + ns2:C14355 + Agents of Opportunistic Infection + + + + ns2:C14355 + Infectious agents, which while normally present but remaining benign under the control of the immune system, become virulent and pathogenic in immune-compromised hosts (i.e when they get the opportunity to become infectious). + + + + ns2:C14355 + Agents of Opportunistic Infection + + + + ns2:C14356 + Thesaurus:C14356 + + + + ns2:C14356 + C14356 + + + + ns2:C14356 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C14356 + Infectious Agent, Bacteria + + + + ns2:C14356 + C1512715 + + + + ns2:C14356 + Infectious_Agent_Bacteria + + + + ns2:C14356 + Bacterial Infectious Agent + + + + ns2:C14356 + Infectious Agent, Bacteria + + + + ns2:C14356 + Infectious Agent, Bacteria + + + + ns2:C14357 + Thesaurus:C14357 + + + + ns2:C14357 + C14357 + + + + ns2:C14357 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14357 + Infectious Agent, Virus + + + + ns2:C14357 + C1512716 + + + + ns2:C14357 + Infectious_Agent_Virus + + + + ns2:C14357 + Infectious Agent, Virus + + + + ns2:C14357 + Viral Infectious Agent + + + + ns2:C14357 + Infectious Agent, Virus + + + + ns2:C14359 + Thesaurus:C14359 + + + + ns2:C14359 + C14359 + + + + ns2:C14359 + Eukaryote + + + + ns2:C14359 + Invertebrates, Land + + + + ns2:C14359 + C1517583 + + + + ns2:C14359 + Invertebrates_Land + + + + ns2:C14359 + Invertebrates, Land + + + + ns2:C14359 + Terrestrial animals without back bones + + + + ns2:C14359 + Invertebrates, Land + + + + ns2:C14360 + Thesaurus:C14360 + + + + ns2:C14360 + C14360 + + + + ns2:C14360 + Eukaryote + + + + ns2:C14360 + Invertebrates, Marine + + + + ns2:C14360 + C1517584 + + + + ns2:C14360 + Invertebrates_Marine + + + + ns2:C14360 + Invertebrates, Marine + + + + ns2:C14360 + Animals without a backbone that live in the ocean + + + + ns2:C14360 + Invertebrates, Marine + + + + ns2:C14367 + Thesaurus:C14367 + + + + ns2:C14367 + C14367 + + + + ns2:C14367 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14367 + Latent Virus + + + + ns2:C14367 + C1517745 + + + + ns2:C14367 + Latent_Virus + + + + ns2:C14367 + Latent Virus + + + + ns2:C14367 + Virus integrated within host genome but inactive; may be reactivated by stress such as ultraviolet irradiation. + + + + ns2:C14367 + Latent Virus + + + + ns2:C14368 + Thesaurus:C14368 + + + + ns2:C14368 + C14368 + + + + ns2:C14368 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14368 + Lytic Virus + + + + ns2:C14368 + C1518095 + + + + ns2:C14368 + Lytic_Virus + + + + ns2:C14368 + Lytic Virus + + + + ns2:C14368 + A virus which, as part of its life cycle, causes its host cells plasma membrane to rupture (to lyse). + + + + ns2:C14368 + Lytic Virus + + + + ns2:C14369 + Thesaurus:C14369 + + + + ns2:C14369 + C14369 + + + + ns2:C14369 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14369 + Lower Organism + + + + ns2:C14369 + C1518032 + + + + ns2:C14369 + Lower_Organism + + + + ns2:C14369 + Lower Organism + + + + ns2:C14369 + Lower Organisms + + + + ns2:C14369 + A subjective term that might be applied to any non-human organism. + + + + ns2:C14369 + Lower Organism + + + + ns2:C14370 + Thesaurus:C14370 + + + + ns2:C14370 + C14370 + + + + ns2:C14370 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14370 + Sexually Transmitted Agents + + + + ns2:C14370 + C1519280 + + + + ns2:C14370 + Sexually_Transmitted_Agents + + + + ns2:C14370 + Sexually Transmitted Agents + + + + ns2:C14370 + Sexually Transmitted Agents + + + + ns2:C14375 + Thesaurus:C14375 + + + + ns2:C14375 + C14375 + + + + ns2:C14375 + Virus + + + + ns2:C14375 + Escape Mutant + + + + ns2:C14375 + C1516962 + + + + ns2:C14375 + Escape_Mutant + + + + ns2:C14375 + Escape Mutant + + + + ns2:C14375 + HIV mutants which have overcome drug inhibition. + + + + ns2:C14375 + Escape Mutant + + + + ns2:C14376 + Thesaurus:C14376 + + + + ns2:C14376 + C14376 + + + + ns2:C14376 + Classification + + + + ns2:C14376 + Other Organism Groupings + + + + ns2:C14376 + C1518665 + + + + ns2:C14376 + Other_Organism_Groupings + + + + ns2:C14376 + Other Organism Groupings + + + + ns2:C14376 + A non-taxonomic grouping of organisms based on a shared characteristic. + + + + ns2:C14376 + Other Organism Groupings + + + + ns2:C14419 + Thesaurus:C14419 + + + + ns2:C14419 + ns2:C159501 + + + + ns2:C14419 + ns2:C159502 + + + + ns2:C14419 + ns2:C179590 + + + + ns2:C14419 + ns2:C179591 + + + + ns2:C14419 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C14419 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C14419 + ns2:C83187 + + + + ns2:C14419 + C14419 + + + + ns2:C14419 + Organism + + + + ns2:C14419 + Organism Strains + + + + ns2:C14419 + Organism Strain + + + + ns2:C14419 + C1518614 + + + + ns2:C14419 + BRIDG + + + + ns2:C14419 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C14419 + A non-taxonomic parameter that can specify the strain of the organism. + + + + ns2:C14419 + Organism_Strains + + + + ns2:C14419 + Organism Strain + + + + ns2:C14419 + STRAIN + + + + ns2:C14419 + Strain + + + + ns2:C14419 + Strain Number + + + + ns2:C14419 + strain + + + + ns2:C14419 + A population or type of organisms that is genetically different from others of the same species and possessing a set of defined characteristics. + + + + ns2:C14419 + Organism Strain + + + + ns2:C157254 + Thesaurus:C157254 + + + + ns2:C157254 + ns2:C156952 + + + + ns2:C157254 + ns2:C156953 + + + + ns2:C157254 + ns2:C157526 + + + + ns2:C157254 + C157254 + + + + ns2:C157254 + Virus + + + + ns2:C157254 + HPV-Low Risk + + + + ns2:C157254 + CL936873 + + + + ns2:C157254 + CPTAC + + + + ns2:C157254 + HPV-Low Risk + + + + ns2:C157254 + Low Risk HPV + + + + ns2:C157254 + Low Risk Human Papilloma Virus + + + + ns2:C157254 + Low Risk Human Papillomavirus + + + + ns2:C157254 + Low-Risk HPV + + + + ns2:C157254 + Low-Risk HPV Strain + + + + ns2:C157254 + Low-Risk HPV Subtype + + + + ns2:C157254 + Low-Risk Human Papilloma Virus + + + + ns2:C157254 + Low-Risk Human Papillomavirus + + + + ns2:C157254 + Low-Risk Subtype (6, 11, etc.) + + + + ns2:C157254 + Any of a number of strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) that cause genital warts in humans and are rarely associated with carcinogenesis. + + + + ns2:C157254 + HPV-Low Risk + + + + ns2:C164693 + Thesaurus:C164693 + + + + ns2:C164693 + ns2:C159501 + + + + ns2:C164693 + ns2:C159504 + + + + ns2:C164693 + C164693 + + + + ns2:C164693 + Organism + + + + ns2:C164693 + Biologic Entity Classification Strain + + + + ns2:C164693 + CL977774 + + + + ns2:C164693 + BRIDG + + + + ns2:C164693 + The text (and optional code) specifying a group of presumed common ancestry with clear-cut physiological but usually not morphological distinctions. EXAMPLE(S): Minnesota5 (swine strain), DXL (poultry strain) For DICOM's Strain Code Sequence (0010,0219): string = "C57BL/6J", code = "3028467". For DICOM's Strain Nomenclature (0010,0213): codeSystem(OID).extension = "MGI_2013", codeSystem(OID).root = < OID for DICOM assigned terms for strain nomenclature > OTHER NAME(S): NOTE(S): The specific genotypic or phenotypic variant of an animal, microorganism, fungus, or pathogen. DICOM defines this to be a group of animals that are genetically uniform. + + + + ns2:C164693 + Biologic Entity Classification Strain + + + + ns2:C164693 + BiologicEntityClassification.strain + + + + ns2:C164693 + Biologic Entity Classification Strain + + + + ns2:C173514 + Thesaurus:C173514 + + + + ns2:C173514 + C173514 + + + + ns2:C173514 + Organism + + + + ns2:C173514 + Gram Negative Bacteria + + + + ns2:C173514 + C0018150 + + + + ns2:C173514 + Gram Negative Bacteria + + + + ns2:C173514 + Gram Negative Bacterium + + + + ns2:C173514 + Gram negative bacteria + + + + ns2:C173514 + Gram-Negative Bacteria + + + + ns2:C173514 + Gram-Negative Bacterium + + + + ns2:C173514 + Any bacteria with a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer lipid membrane that stains pink with the Gram staining technique. + + + + ns2:C173514 + Gram Negative Bacteria + + + + ns2:C173515 + Thesaurus:C173515 + + + + ns2:C173515 + C173515 + + + + ns2:C173515 + Organism + + + + ns2:C173515 + Gram Positive Bacteria + + + + ns2:C173515 + C0018154 + + + + ns2:C173515 + Gram Positive Bacteria + + + + ns2:C173515 + Gram Positive Bacterium + + + + ns2:C173515 + Gram positive bacteria + + + + ns2:C173515 + Gram-Positive Bacteria + + + + ns2:C173515 + Gram-Positive Bacterium + + + + ns2:C173515 + Any bacteria with a thick peptidoglycan layer and no outer lipid membrane that stains dark purple with the Gram staining technique. + + + + ns2:C173515 + Gram Positive Bacteria + + + + ns2:C179000 + Thesaurus:C179000 + + + + ns2:C179000 + ns2:C178723 + + + + ns2:C179000 + ns2:C179026 + + + + ns2:C179000 + C179000 + + + + ns2:C179000 + Organism + + + + ns2:C179000 + Target Organism + + + + ns2:C179000 + CL1648476 + + + + ns2:C179000 + SeroNet + + + + ns2:C179000 + Target Organism + + + + ns2:C179000 + Target_Organism + + + + ns2:C179000 + The organism of interest. + + + + ns2:C179000 + Target Organism + + + + ns2:C179768 + Thesaurus:C179768 + + + + ns2:C179768 + ns2:C179590 + + + + ns2:C179768 + ns2:C179591 + + + + ns2:C179768 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C179768 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C179768 + C179768 + + + + ns2:C179768 + Classification + + + + ns2:C179768 + Organism by Genotype + + + + ns2:C179768 + CL1663124 + + + + ns2:C179768 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C179768 + A non-taxonomic parameter that can specify the genotype of the organism. + + + + ns2:C179768 + GENOTYPE + + + + ns2:C179768 + Genotype + + + + ns2:C179768 + Organism Genotype + + + + ns2:C179768 + Organism by Genotype + + + + ns2:C179768 + An indication of the non-taxonomic grouping of organisms based on organism genotype. + + + + ns2:C179768 + Organism by Genotype + + + + ns2:C179769 + Thesaurus:C179769 + + + + ns2:C179769 + ns2:C179590 + + + + ns2:C179769 + ns2:C179591 + + + + ns2:C179769 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C179769 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C179769 + C179769 + + + + ns2:C179769 + Classification + + + + ns2:C179769 + Organism by Geographic Origin + + + + ns2:C179769 + CL1662437 + + + + ns2:C179769 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C179769 + A non-taxonomic parameter that can specify the geographic location where the organism was identified, collected or came from. + + + + ns2:C179769 + GEOORIG + + + + ns2:C179769 + Geographical Origin + + + + ns2:C179769 + Organism Geographical Origin + + + + ns2:C179769 + Organism by Geographic Origin + + + + ns2:C179769 + An indication of the non-taxonomic grouping of organisms based on geographical location associated with where the organism was identified or isolated. + + + + ns2:C179769 + Organism by Geographic Origin + + + + ns2:C179770 + Thesaurus:C179770 + + + + ns2:C179770 + ns2:C179590 + + + + ns2:C179770 + ns2:C179591 + + + + ns2:C179770 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C179770 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C179770 + C179770 + + + + ns2:C179770 + Classification + + + + ns2:C179770 + Organism by Group + + + + ns2:C179770 + CL1663141 + + + + ns2:C179770 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C179770 + A non-taxonomic parameter that can specify the group of the organism. + + + + ns2:C179770 + GROUP + + + + ns2:C179770 + Group + + + + ns2:C179770 + Organism Group + + + + ns2:C179770 + Organism by Group + + + + ns2:C179770 + An indication of the non-taxonomic grouping of organisms based on organism group. + + + + ns2:C179770 + Organism by Group + + + + ns2:C179771 + Thesaurus:C179771 + + + + ns2:C179771 + ns2:C179590 + + + + ns2:C179771 + ns2:C179591 + + + + ns2:C179771 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C179771 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C179771 + C179771 + + + + ns2:C179771 + Classification + + + + ns2:C179771 + Organism Isolate + + + + ns2:C179771 + CL1662338 + + + + ns2:C179771 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C179771 + A non-taxonomic parameter that can specify the isolate of the organism. + + + + ns2:C179771 + ISOLATE + + + + ns2:C179771 + Isolate + + + + ns2:C179771 + Organism Isolate + + + + ns2:C179771 + Organism by Isolate + + + + ns2:C179771 + An indication of the non-taxonomic grouping of organisms based on organism isolate. + + + + ns2:C179771 + Organism Isolate + + + + ns2:C179772 + Thesaurus:C179772 + + + + ns2:C179772 + ns2:C179590 + + + + ns2:C179772 + ns2:C179591 + + + + ns2:C179772 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C179772 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C179772 + C179772 + + + + ns2:C179772 + Classification + + + + ns2:C179772 + Organism Lineage + + + + ns2:C179772 + CL1662337 + + + + ns2:C179772 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C179772 + A taxonomic parameter for the specification of lineage of the organism. + + + + ns2:C179772 + LINEAGE + + + + ns2:C179772 + Lineage + + + + ns2:C179772 + Organism Lineage + + + + ns2:C179772 + An indication of the taxonomic grouping of organisms based on a continuous, single line of descent within a phylogenetic tree. + + + + ns2:C179772 + Organism Lineage + + + + ns2:C179774 + Thesaurus:C179774 + + + + ns2:C179774 + ns2:C179590 + + + + ns2:C179774 + ns2:C179591 + + + + ns2:C179774 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C179774 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C179774 + C179774 + + + + ns2:C179774 + Classification + + + + ns2:C179774 + Organism Pseudotype Viral Backbone + + + + ns2:C179774 + CL1662339 + + + + ns2:C179774 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C179774 + A non-taxonomic parameter that can specify the pseudotype viral backbone of the engineered virus. + + + + ns2:C179774 + Organism Pseudotype Viral Backbone + + + + ns2:C179774 + Organism by Viral Backbone Pseudotype + + + + ns2:C179774 + PSDOBACK + + + + ns2:C179774 + Pseudotype Viral Backbone + + + + ns2:C179774 + The identification of the common pseudotype viral backbone used to build engineered viruses. + + + + ns2:C179774 + Organism Pseudotype Viral Backbone + + + + ns2:C179775 + Thesaurus:C179775 + + + + ns2:C179775 + ns2:C179590 + + + + ns2:C179775 + ns2:C179591 + + + + ns2:C179775 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C179775 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C179775 + C179775 + + + + ns2:C179775 + Classification + + + + ns2:C179775 + Organism by Subtype + + + + ns2:C179775 + CL1662334 + + + + ns2:C179775 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C179775 + A non-taxonomic parameter that can specify the subtype of the organism. + + + + ns2:C179775 + Organism Subtype + + + + ns2:C179775 + Organism by Subtype + + + + ns2:C179775 + SUBTYPE + + + + ns2:C179775 + Subtype + + + + ns2:C179775 + An indication of the non-taxonomic grouping of organisms based on organism subtype. + + + + ns2:C179775 + Organism by Subtype + + + + ns2:C179776 + Thesaurus:C179776 + + + + ns2:C179776 + ns2:C179590 + + + + ns2:C179776 + ns2:C179591 + + + + ns2:C179776 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C179776 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C179776 + C179776 + + + + ns2:C179776 + Classification + + + + ns2:C179776 + Organism by Type + + + + ns2:C179776 + CL1663112 + + + + ns2:C179776 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C179776 + A non-taxonomic parameter that can specify the type of the organism. + + + + ns2:C179776 + Organism Type + + + + ns2:C179776 + Organism by Type + + + + ns2:C179776 + TYPE + + + + ns2:C179776 + Type + + + + ns2:C179776 + An indication of the non-taxonomic grouping of organisms based on organism typing. + + + + ns2:C179776 + Organism by Type + + + + ns2:C179777 + Thesaurus:C179777 + + + + ns2:C179777 + ns2:C179590 + + + + ns2:C179777 + ns2:C179591 + + + + ns2:C179777 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C179777 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C179777 + C179777 + + + + ns2:C179777 + Classification + + + + ns2:C179777 + Organism by Year Collected + + + + ns2:C179777 + CL1662336 + + + + ns2:C179777 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C179777 + A non-taxonomic parameter that can specify the year when the organism was collected or isolated. + + + + ns2:C179777 + Organism Year of Collection + + + + ns2:C179777 + Organism by Year Collected + + + + ns2:C179777 + YEARCOLL + + + + ns2:C179777 + Year of Collection + + + + ns2:C179777 + An indication of the non-taxonomic grouping of organisms based on the year when the organism was collected or isolated. + + + + ns2:C179777 + Organism by Year Collected + + + + ns2:C187902 + Thesaurus:C187902 + + + + ns2:C187902 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C187902 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C187902 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C187902 + C187902 + + + + ns2:C187902 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C187902 + Anaplasma + + + + ns2:C187902 + C0002794 + + + + ns2:C187902 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C187902 + Any bacteria that is not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Anaplasma genus level. + + + + ns2:C187902 + ANAPLASMA + + + + ns2:C187902 + Anaplasma + + + + ns2:C187902 + Anaplasma + + + + ns2:C189004 + Thesaurus:C189004 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C157106 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179573 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179575 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179576 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179577 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179579 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179580 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179585 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179586 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179596 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179598 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179599 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C17998 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C180913 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C180977 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C181075 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C184327 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C185726 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C185727 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C187217 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C187218 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C187219 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C187220 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C187221 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C188869 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C173381 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C177415 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C179026 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C189083 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C191200 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C191382 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ns2:C191670 + + + + ns2:C189004 + C189004 + + + + ns2:C189004 + Virus + + + + ns2:C189004 + SARS-CoV-2 Variant + + + + ns2:C189004 + CL1657142 + + + + ns2:C189004 + ACC/AHA + + + + ns2:C189004 + SeroNet + + + + ns2:C189004 + Variant lineage of SARS-CoV-2 + + + + ns2:C189004 + SARS CoV-2 Variant + + + + ns2:C189004 + SARS CoV-2 variant + + + + ns2:C189004 + SARS-CoV-2 Variant + + + + ns2:C189004 + Virus Variant + + + + ns2:C189004 + A genetic variant of SARS CoV-2 as designated by the World Health Organization. + + + + ns2:C189004 + SARS-CoV-2 Variant + + + + ns2:C201444 + Thesaurus:C201444 + + + + ns2:C201444 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C201444 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C201444 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C201444 + C201444 + + + + ns2:C201444 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C201444 + Spirochaetales + + + + ns2:C201444 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C201444 + Any bacteria that is not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Spirochaetales order level. + + + + ns2:C201444 + SPIROCHAETALES + + + + ns2:C201444 + Spirochaetales + + + + ns2:C201444 + Spirochetes + + + + ns2:C201444 + An order of spiral-shaped bacteria that includes the two families Spirochaetaceae and Leptospiraceae. + + + + ns2:C201444 + Spirochaetales + + + + ns2:C25796 + Thesaurus:C25796 + + + + ns2:C25796 + C25796 + + + + ns2:C25796 + Classification + + + + ns2:C25796 + Eukaryota + + + + ns2:C25796 + C0684063 + + + + ns2:C25796 + 2759 + + + + ns2:C25796 + Eukaryote + + + + ns2:C25796 + Eukaryota + + + + ns2:C25796 + Eukaryote + + + + ns2:C25796 + Eukaryotida + + + + ns2:C25796 + Organism or cells with a nucleus separated from the cytoplasm by a two membrance nuclear envelope and compartmentalization of function into distinct cytoplasmic organelles. + + + + ns2:C25796 + Eukaryota + + + + ns2:C28176 + Thesaurus:C28176 + + + + ns2:C28176 + ns2:C128453 + + + + ns2:C28176 + ns2:C90259 + + + + ns2:C28176 + C28176 + + + + ns2:C28176 + Organism + + + + ns2:C28176 + Parasite + + + + ns2:C28176 + C0030498 + + + + ns2:C28176 + NICHD + + + + ns2:C28176 + An animal or plant that gets nutrients by living on or in an organism of another species. A complete parasite gets all of its nutrients from the host organism, but a semi-parasite gets only some of its nutrients from the host. + + + + ns2:C28176 + An organism that lives on or in a host organism, and that draws its nourishment from that host. + + + + ns2:C28176 + Parasite + + + + ns2:C28176 + Parasite + + + + ns2:C28176 + Parasites + + + + ns2:C28176 + parasite + + + + ns2:C28176 + parasitic + + + + ns2:C28176 + Any organism that has a close, symbiotic relationship with a separate, host organism. + + + + ns2:C28176 + Parasite + + + + ns2:C28266 + Thesaurus:C28266 + + + + ns2:C28266 + ns2:C116977 + + + + ns2:C28266 + ns2:C118168 + + + + ns2:C28266 + ns2:C128453 + + + + ns2:C28266 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C28266 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C28266 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C28266 + ns2:C90259 + + + + ns2:C28266 + C28266 + + + + ns2:C28266 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C28266 + Mold + + + + ns2:C28266 + Mold + + + + ns2:C28266 + C0369241 + + + + ns2:C28266 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C28266 + CTRP + + + + ns2:C28266 + NICHD + + + + ns2:C28266 + A form of fungus. Some molds can cause disease in humans. + + + + ns2:C28266 + A multicellular fungus that produces filaments and hyphae. + + + + ns2:C28266 + A non-taxonomic grouping of fungi that grow in the form of mycelium of hyphae (vegetative filaments). + + + + ns2:C28266 + Mold + + + + ns2:C28266 + Filamentous Fungus + + + + ns2:C28266 + Filamentous fungus + + + + ns2:C28266 + MOLD + + + + ns2:C28266 + Mold + + + + ns2:C28266 + Mould + + + + ns2:C28266 + mold + + + + ns2:C28266 + A very large group of microscopic fungi that live on plant or animal matter. Most are filamentous organisms and produce spores that can be air-, water-, or insect-borne. + + + + ns2:C28266 + Mold + + + + ns2:C28518 + Thesaurus:C28518 + + + + ns2:C28518 + C28518 + + + + ns2:C28518 + Virus + + + + ns2:C28518 + Double Stranded RNA Virus + + + + ns2:C28518 + C1005582 + + + + ns2:C28518 + 35325 + + + + ns2:C28518 + Double_Stranded_RNA_Virus + + + + ns2:C28518 + Double Stranded RNA Virus + + + + ns2:C28518 + Double-Stranded RNA Virus + + + + ns2:C28518 + dsRNA Virus + + + + ns2:C28518 + A virus that has double stranded RNA as its genetic material. + + + + ns2:C28518 + Double Stranded RNA Virus + + + + ns2:C44391 + Thesaurus:C44391 + + + + ns2:C44391 + ns2:C116977 + + + + ns2:C44391 + ns2:C118168 + + + + ns2:C44391 + ns2:C142799 + + + + ns2:C44391 + ns2:C156952 + + + + ns2:C44391 + ns2:C156953 + + + + ns2:C44391 + ns2:C157526 + + + + ns2:C44391 + C44391 + + + + ns2:C44391 + Virus + + + + ns2:C44391 + HPV-High Risk + + + + ns2:C44391 + HPV-High Risk + + + + ns2:C44391 + C1708287 + + + + ns2:C44391 + CPTAC + + + + ns2:C44391 + CTRP + + + + ns2:C44391 + HPV-High_Risk + + + + ns2:C44391 + HPV-High Risk + + + + ns2:C44391 + HR-HPV + + + + ns2:C44391 + High Risk HPV + + + + ns2:C44391 + High-Risk Subtype (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, etc.) + + + + ns2:C44391 + Human Papillomaviruses, High Risk + + + + ns2:C44391 + hrHPV + + + + ns2:C44391 + Any of a number of strains of human papilloma virus (HPV) that have been shown to cause cancer in humans. + + + + ns2:C44391 + HPV-High Risk + + + + ns2:C53691 + Thesaurus:C53691 + + + + ns2:C53691 + C53691 + + + + ns2:C53691 + Organism + + + + ns2:C53691 + Veterinary Patient + + + + ns2:C53691 + C1705908 + + + + ns2:C53691 + Veterinary_Patient + + + + ns2:C53691 + Patient + + + + ns2:C53691 + Veterinary Patient + + + + ns2:C53691 + A non-human animal that is a subject in a study. + + + + ns2:C53691 + Veterinary Patient + + + + ns2:C53692 + Thesaurus:C53692 + + + + ns2:C53692 + ns2:C54447 + + + + ns2:C53692 + ns2:C88088 + + + + ns2:C53692 + C53692 + + + + ns2:C53692 + Classification + + + + ns2:C53692 + Breed + + + + ns2:C53692 + C1704650 + + + + ns2:C53692 + FDA + + + + ns2:C53692 + Breed + + + + ns2:C53692 + BREED + + + + ns2:C53692 + Breed + + + + ns2:C53692 + A group of animals homogeneous in appearance and other characteristics that distinguish it from other animals of the same species. + + + + ns2:C53692 + Breed + + + + ns2:C53693 + Thesaurus:C53693 + + + + ns2:C53693 + ns2:C165451 + + + + ns2:C53693 + ns2:C166373 + + + + ns2:C53693 + C53693 + + + + ns2:C53693 + Mammal + + + + ns2:C53693 + Dog Breed + + + + ns2:C53693 + C1707805 + + + + ns2:C53693 + ICDC + + + + ns2:C53693 + Dog_Breed + + + + ns2:C53693 + Dog Breed + + + + ns2:C53693 + breed + + + + ns2:C53693 + A type of dog known for its special or distinctive characteristics. + + + + ns2:C53693 + Dog Breed + + + + ns2:C54085 + Thesaurus:C54085 + + + + ns2:C54085 + C54085 + + + + ns2:C54085 + Virus + + + + ns2:C54085 + Retro-transcribing Virus + + + + ns2:C54085 + C1005558 + + + + ns2:C54085 + 35268 + + + + ns2:C54085 + Retro-transcribing_Virus + + + + ns2:C54085 + Retro-transcribing Virus + + + + ns2:C54085 + A virus that replicates by the reverse transcription of a RNA or DNA intermediate. All retro-transcribing viruses utilize the enzyme reverse transcriptase to replicate and may have a DNA- or RNA-based genome. + + + + ns2:C54085 + Retro-transcribing Virus + + + + ns2:C61092 + Thesaurus:C61092 + + + + ns2:C61092 + C61092 + + + + ns2:C61092 + Organism + + + + ns2:C61092 + Archaea + + + + ns2:C61092 + C0003732 + + + + ns2:C61092 + 2157 + + + + ns2:C61092 + Archaea + + + + ns2:C61092 + Archaea + + + + ns2:C61092 + Archaebacteria + + + + ns2:C61092 + Mendosicutes + + + + ns2:C61092 + Metabacteria + + + + ns2:C61092 + Single-celled organisms lacking nuclei, similar to prokaryotes in most aspects of cell structure and metabolism. However, their genetic transcription and translation do not show the typical bacterial features, but are extremely similar to those of eukaryotes. + + + + ns2:C61092 + Archaea + + + + ns2:C66819 + Thesaurus:C66819 + + + + ns2:C66819 + C66819 + + + + ns2:C66819 + Organism + + + + ns2:C66819 + Host + + + + ns2:C66819 + C1167395 + + + + ns2:C66819 + Host + + + + ns2:C66819 + Host + + + + ns2:C66819 + An organism that nourishes and supports another but does not benefit by the association; recipient of transplanted tissue or organ from a donor. + + + + ns2:C66819 + Host + + + + ns2:C68564 + Thesaurus:C68564 + + + + ns2:C68564 + ns2:C116977 + + + + ns2:C68564 + ns2:C142799 + + + + ns2:C68564 + C68564 + + + + ns2:C68564 + Organism + + + + ns2:C68564 + Microbiome + + + + ns2:C68564 + Microbiome + + + + ns2:C68564 + CL449076 + + + + ns2:C68564 + CTRP + + + + ns2:C68564 + Microbiome + + + + ns2:C68564 + Microbiome + + + + ns2:C68564 + A collection or collectivity of microorganisms. This entity is frequently examined to determine how changes to the surrounding environment affects biological processes and the resulting health status of the organism. + + + + ns2:C68564 + Microbiome + + + + ns2:C76195 + Thesaurus:C76195 + + + + ns2:C76195 + C76195 + + + + ns2:C76195 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C76195 + Actinobacteria + + + + ns2:C76195 + C1456432 + + + + ns2:C76195 + 201174 + + + + ns2:C76195 + Actinobacteria + + + + ns2:C76195 + Actinobacteria + + + + ns2:C76195 + High G+C Gram-positive Bacteria + + + + ns2:C76195 + A taxonomic phylum within kingdom Bacteria consisting of gram-positive soil bacteria with a high G+C ratio. + + + + ns2:C76195 + Actinobacteria + + + + ns2:C76196 + Thesaurus:C76196 + + + + ns2:C76196 + C76196 + + + + ns2:C76196 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C76196 + Proteobacteria + + + + ns2:C76196 + C0751985 + + + + ns2:C76196 + 1224 + + + + ns2:C76196 + Proteobacteria + + + + ns2:C76196 + Proteobacteria + + + + ns2:C76196 + Purple Bacteria + + + + ns2:C76196 + Purple Non-sulfur Bacteria + + + + ns2:C76196 + A taxonomic phylum within kingdom Bacteria consisting of gram-negative bacteria with an outer membrane mainly composed of lipopolysaccharides. The group is defined primarily in terms of ribosomal RNA sequences. + + + + ns2:C76196 + Proteobacteria + + + + ns2:C76197 + Thesaurus:C76197 + + + + ns2:C76197 + C76197 + + + + ns2:C76197 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C76197 + Firmicutes + + + + ns2:C76197 + C1254144 + + + + ns2:C76197 + 1239 + + + + ns2:C76197 + Firmicutes + + + + ns2:C76197 + Firmicutes + + + + ns2:C76197 + Low G+C Gram-positive Bacteria + + + + ns2:C76197 + A taxonomic phylum within kingdom Bacteria consisting of mostly gram-positive bacteria with a low G+C ratio. The phylum is highly diverse in phenotypic characteristics. + + + + ns2:C76197 + Firmicutes + + + + ns2:C76203 + Thesaurus:C76203 + + + + ns2:C76203 + C76203 + + + + ns2:C76203 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C76203 + Bacteroidetes + + + + ns2:C76203 + C0995456 + + + + ns2:C76203 + 976 + + + + ns2:C76203 + Bacteroidetes + + + + ns2:C76203 + Bacteroidetes + + + + ns2:C76203 + A phylum of bacteria composed of three large classes of bacteria that are widely distributed in the environment, including in soil, in sediments, sea water and in the guts of animals. + + + + ns2:C76203 + Bacteroidetes + + + + ns2:C76206 + Thesaurus:C76206 + + + + ns2:C76206 + C76206 + + + + ns2:C76206 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C76206 + Spirochaetes + + + + ns2:C76206 + C1623724 + + + + ns2:C76206 + 203691 + + + + ns2:C76206 + Spirochaetes + + + + ns2:C76206 + Spirochaetes + + + + ns2:C76206 + A phylum of gram-negative bacteria that are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagella which run lengthwise between the cell membrane and outer membrane. + + + + ns2:C76206 + Spirochaetes + + + + ns2:C76270 + Thesaurus:C76270 + + + + ns2:C76270 + C76270 + + + + ns2:C76270 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C76270 + Chlamydiae + + + + ns2:C76270 + C1532554 + + + + ns2:C76270 + 204428 + + + + ns2:C76270 + Chlamydiae + + + + ns2:C76270 + Chlamydiae + + + + ns2:C76270 + A phylum of bacteria whose members are obligate intracellular pathogens. + + + + ns2:C76270 + Chlamydiae + + + + ns2:C76321 + Thesaurus:C76321 + + + + ns2:C76321 + C76321 + + + + ns2:C76321 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C76321 + Fusobacteria + + + + ns2:C76321 + C1003893 + + + + ns2:C76321 + 32066 + + + + ns2:C76321 + Fusobacteria + + + + ns2:C76321 + Fusobacteria + + + + ns2:C76321 + A phylum of anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria that are a normal component of the gut flora. + + + + ns2:C76321 + Fusobacteria + + + + ns2:C77167 + Thesaurus:C77167 + + + + ns2:C77167 + C77167 + + + + ns2:C77167 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C77167 + Ascomycota + + + + ns2:C77167 + C0003965 + + + + ns2:C77167 + 4890 + + + + ns2:C77167 + Ascomycota + + + + ns2:C77167 + Ascomycetes + + + + ns2:C77167 + Ascomycota + + + + ns2:C77167 + Sac Fungi + + + + ns2:C77167 + A phylum of fungi whose members are commonly known as the sac fungi. + + + + ns2:C77167 + Ascomycota + + + + ns2:C77169 + Thesaurus:C77169 + + + + ns2:C77169 + C77169 + + + + ns2:C77169 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C77169 + Basidiomycota + + + + ns2:C77169 + C0004810 + + + + ns2:C77169 + 4890 + + + + ns2:C77169 + Basidiomycota + + + + ns2:C77169 + Basidiomycetes + + + + ns2:C77169 + Basidiomycota + + + + ns2:C77169 + A phylum of filamentous fungi that reproduce sexually via the formation of specialized club-shaped end cells called basidia that normally bear external spores. + + + + ns2:C77169 + Basidiomycota + + + + ns2:C77194 + Thesaurus:C77194 + + + + ns2:C77194 + C77194 + + + + ns2:C77194 + Fungus + + + + ns2:C77194 + Zygomycota + + + + ns2:C77194 + C0043543 + + + + ns2:C77194 + 287987 + + + + ns2:C77194 + Zygomycota + + + + ns2:C77194 + Zygomycetes + + + + ns2:C77194 + Zygomycota + + + + ns2:C77194 + A phylum of fungi that are characterized by vegetative mycelium that lack septa and sexual reproduction that forms zygospores. + + + + ns2:C77194 + Polyphyly of Zygomycota: Results of Liu et al. (2006) supported the monophyly of the traditional Zygomycota (Mucorales, Glomerales, Entomophthorales, and Harpellales) but James et al. (2006), which included broader sampling and additional molecular loci, found Zygomycota to be polyphyletic. Until the basal fungal lineages are more clearly resolved the traditional groups of Zygomycota have been broken up and placed into distinct subphyla (Hibbett et al. 2007). + + + + ns2:C77194 + Zygomycota + + + + ns2:C77914 + Thesaurus:C77914 + + + + ns2:C77914 + C77914 + + + + ns2:C77914 + Organism + + + + ns2:C77914 + Protista + + + + ns2:C77914 + C0597305 + + + + ns2:C77914 + Protista + + + + ns2:C77914 + Protist + + + + ns2:C77914 + Protista + + + + ns2:C77914 + A taxonomic kingdom that includes algae, protozoa, slime molds, and water molds. Members of kingdom protista are aerobic and may be unicellular, multicellular, or colony forming. Additionally, protista require a water-based environment to survive. All protista are true eukaryotes with a nuclear membrane and mitochondria. Some protista also contain chloroplasts and can perform photosynthesis. Protists reproduce by mitosis or meiosis. + + + + ns2:C77914 + Protista + + + + ns2:C77916 + Thesaurus:C77916 + + + + ns2:C77916 + C77916 + + + + ns2:C77916 + Eukaryote + + + + ns2:C77916 + Protozoa + + + + ns2:C77916 + C0033739 + + + + ns2:C77916 + Protozoa + + + + ns2:C77916 + Protozoa + + + + ns2:C77916 + Protozoan + + + + ns2:C77916 + Unicellular heterotrophic eukaryote in the kingdom protista. + + + + ns2:C77916 + Protozoa + + + + ns2:C77917 + Thesaurus:C77917 + + + + ns2:C77917 + C77917 + + + + ns2:C77917 + Animal + + + + ns2:C77917 + Arthropoda + + + + ns2:C77917 + C0003903 + + + + ns2:C77917 + 6656 + + + + ns2:C77917 + Arthropoda + + + + ns2:C77917 + Arthropod + + + + ns2:C77917 + Arthropoda + + + + ns2:C77917 + Arthropods + + + + ns2:C77917 + The taxonomic phylum whose members are invertebrates with hard exoskeletons and segmented joints. Organisms in this phylum include the Arachnids, Centipedes, Crustaceans, Insects and the extinct Trilobites. + + + + ns2:C77917 + Arthropoda + + + + ns2:C78713 + Thesaurus:C78713 + + + + ns2:C78713 + C78713 + + + + ns2:C78713 + Population Group + + + + ns2:C78713 + Animal Colony + + + + ns2:C78713 + C0596092 + + + + ns2:C78713 + Animal_Colony + + + + ns2:C78713 + Animal Colony + + + + ns2:C78713 + A group of animals of the same species that are living, or being housed together. + + + + ns2:C78713 + Animal Colony + + + + ns2:C85860 + Thesaurus:C85860 + + + + ns2:C85860 + C85860 + + + + ns2:C85860 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85860 + Tenericutes + + + + ns2:C85860 + C0026390 + + + + ns2:C85860 + 544448 + + + + ns2:C85860 + Tenericutes + + + + ns2:C85860 + A taxonomic phylum within kingdom Bacteria consisting of the Mollicutes, a class of intracellular parasitic bacteria without a cell wall. + + + + ns2:C85860 + Tenericutes + + + + ns2:C85903 + Thesaurus:C85903 + + + + ns2:C85903 + C85903 + + + + ns2:C85903 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85903 + Aeromonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85903 + C1036839 + + + + ns2:C85903 + 84642 + + + + ns2:C85903 + Aeromonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85903 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative, soil borne bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Aeromonas and Zobellella, among others. + + + + ns2:C85903 + Aeromonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85904 + Thesaurus:C85904 + + + + ns2:C85904 + C85904 + + + + ns2:C85904 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85904 + Bartonellaceae + + + + ns2:C85904 + C0004772 + + + + ns2:C85904 + 772 + + + + ns2:C85904 + Bartonellaceae + + + + ns2:C85904 + A taxonomic family of pathogenic bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genus Bartonella. + + + + ns2:C85904 + Bartonellaceae + + + + ns2:C85905 + Thesaurus:C85905 + + + + ns2:C85905 + C85905 + + + + ns2:C85905 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85905 + Brevibacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85905 + C1037117 + + + + ns2:C85905 + 85019 + + + + ns2:C85905 + Brevibacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85905 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genus Brevibacterium. + + + + ns2:C85905 + Brevibacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85906 + Thesaurus:C85906 + + + + ns2:C85906 + C85906 + + + + ns2:C85906 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85906 + Campylobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85906 + C1029240 + + + + ns2:C85906 + 7229 + + + + ns2:C85906 + Campylobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85906 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Arcobacter and Campylobacter, among others. + + + + ns2:C85906 + Campylobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85907 + Thesaurus:C85907 + + + + ns2:C85907 + C85907 + + + + ns2:C85907 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85907 + Caulobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85907 + C1187508 + + + + ns2:C85907 + 76892 + + + + ns2:C85907 + Caulobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85907 + A taxonomic family of aquatic, Gram negative, bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Brevundimonas and Caulobacter, among others. + + + + ns2:C85907 + Caulobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85908 + Thesaurus:C85908 + + + + ns2:C85908 + C85908 + + + + ns2:C85908 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85908 + Paenibacillaceae + + + + ns2:C85908 + C1210577 + + + + ns2:C85908 + 186822 + + + + ns2:C85908 + Paenibacillaceae + + + + ns2:C85908 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Brevibacillus and Paenibacillus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85908 + Paenibacillaceae + + + + ns2:C85909 + Thesaurus:C85909 + + + + ns2:C85909 + C85909 + + + + ns2:C85909 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85909 + Promicromonosporaceae + + + + ns2:C85909 + C1037115 + + + + ns2:C85909 + 85017 + + + + ns2:C85909 + Promicromonosporaceae + + + + ns2:C85909 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Cellulosomicrobium and Promicromonospora, among others. + + + + ns2:C85909 + Promicromonosporaceae + + + + ns2:C85910 + Thesaurus:C85910 + + + + ns2:C85910 + C85910 + + + + ns2:C85910 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85910 + Thermomonosporaceae + + + + ns2:C85910 + C0995817 + + + + ns2:C85910 + 2012 + + + + ns2:C85910 + Thermomonosporaceae + + + + ns2:C85910 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Actinomadura, Spirillospora and Thermonospora, among others. + + + + ns2:C85910 + Thermomonosporaceae + + + + ns2:C85911 + Thesaurus:C85911 + + + + ns2:C85911 + C85911 + + + + ns2:C85911 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85911 + Acetobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85911 + C0085461 + + + + ns2:C85911 + 433 + + + + ns2:C85911 + Acetobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85911 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that oxidize ethanol during aerobic fermentation to yield acetic acid. + + + + ns2:C85911 + Acetobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85912 + Thesaurus:C85912 + + + + ns2:C85912 + C85912 + + + + ns2:C85912 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85912 + Actinomycetaceae + + + + ns2:C85912 + C0001253 + + + + ns2:C85912 + 2049 + + + + ns2:C85912 + Actinomycetaceae + + + + ns2:C85912 + A taxonomic family of filamentous or rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria with type genus actinomyces. + + + + ns2:C85912 + Actinomycetaceae + + + + ns2:C85913 + Thesaurus:C85913 + + + + ns2:C85913 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C85913 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C85913 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C85913 + C85913 + + + + ns2:C85913 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85913 + Aerococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85913 + C1444108 + + + + ns2:C85913 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C85913 + Any bacteria that are not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Aerococcaceae family level. + + + + ns2:C85913 + 186827 + + + + ns2:C85913 + AEROCOCCACEAE + + + + ns2:C85913 + Aerococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85913 + A taxonomic family of lactic acid bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes. + + + + ns2:C85913 + Aerococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85914 + Thesaurus:C85914 + + + + ns2:C85914 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C85914 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C85914 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C85914 + C85914 + + + + ns2:C85914 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85914 + Alcaligenaceae + + + + ns2:C85914 + C1080715 + + + + ns2:C85914 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C85914 + Any bacteria that are not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Alcaligenaceae family level. + + + + ns2:C85914 + 506 + + + + ns2:C85914 + ALCALIGENACEAE + + + + ns2:C85914 + Alcaligenaceae + + + + ns2:C85914 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Bordetella, Oligella and Sutterella. + + + + ns2:C85914 + Alcaligenaceae + + + + ns2:C85915 + Thesaurus:C85915 + + + + ns2:C85915 + C85915 + + + + ns2:C85915 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85915 + Bacillaceae + + + + ns2:C85915 + C0004586 + + + + ns2:C85915 + 18681 + + + + ns2:C85915 + Bacillaceae + + + + ns2:C85915 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that contains the notable genus Bacillus. + + + + ns2:C85915 + Bacillaceae + + + + ns2:C85916 + Thesaurus:C85916 + + + + ns2:C85916 + C85916 + + + + ns2:C85916 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85916 + Bacillales XI + + + + ns2:C85916 + C2828019 + + + + ns2:C85916 + Bacillales XI + + + + ns2:C85916 + A bacterial family of uncertain placement in the phylum Firmicutes and the order Bacillales that is used to classify the genus Gemella. + + + + ns2:C85916 + Bacillales XI + + + + ns2:C85917 + Thesaurus:C85917 + + + + ns2:C85917 + C85917 + + + + ns2:C85917 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85917 + Bacillales XII + + + + ns2:C85917 + C2828020 + + + + ns2:C85917 + Bacillales XII + + + + ns2:C85917 + A bacterial family of uncertain placement in the phylum Firmicutes and the order Bacillales that is used to classify the genus Exiguobacterium. + + + + ns2:C85917 + Bacillales XII + + + + ns2:C85918 + Thesaurus:C85918 + + + + ns2:C85918 + C85918 + + + + ns2:C85918 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85918 + Bifidobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85918 + C1003847 + + + + ns2:C85918 + 31953 + + + + ns2:C85918 + Bifidobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85918 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Bifidobacterium, Gardnerella and Falcivibrio. + + + + ns2:C85918 + Bifidobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85919 + Thesaurus:C85919 + + + + ns2:C85919 + C85919 + + + + ns2:C85919 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85919 + Brucellaceae + + + + ns2:C85919 + C0006308 + + + + ns2:C85919 + 118882 + + + + ns2:C85919 + Brucellaceae + + + + ns2:C85919 + A taxonomic family of rhizobial, symbiotic bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that are found in plant roots and perform nitrogen fixation. + + + + ns2:C85919 + Brucellaceae + + + + ns2:C85920 + Thesaurus:C85920 + + + + ns2:C85920 + C85920 + + + + ns2:C85920 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85920 + Burkholderiaceae + + + + ns2:C85920 + C1057057 + + + + ns2:C85920 + 119060 + + + + ns2:C85920 + Burkholderiaceae + + + + ns2:C85920 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that may cause wilt and rot in a number of plant species. + + + + ns2:C85920 + Burkholderiaceae + + + + ns2:C85921 + Thesaurus:C85921 + + + + ns2:C85921 + C85921 + + + + ns2:C85921 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85921 + Cardiobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85921 + C1960583 + + + + ns2:C85921 + 868 + + + + ns2:C85921 + Cardiobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85921 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative, mostly aerobic bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Cardiobacterium, Dichelobacter and Suttonella. + + + + ns2:C85921 + Cardiobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85922 + Thesaurus:C85922 + + + + ns2:C85922 + C85922 + + + + ns2:C85922 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85922 + Carnobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85922 + C1210583 + + + + ns2:C85922 + 186828 + + + + ns2:C85922 + Carnobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85922 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive, lactic acid bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes. + + + + ns2:C85922 + Carnobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85923 + Thesaurus:C85923 + + + + ns2:C85923 + C85923 + + + + ns2:C85923 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85923 + Cellulomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85923 + C1037114 + + + + ns2:C85923 + 85016 + + + + ns2:C85923 + Cellulomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85923 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Cellulomonas and Oerskovia. + + + + ns2:C85923 + Cellulomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85924 + Thesaurus:C85924 + + + + ns2:C85924 + C85924 + + + + ns2:C85924 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85924 + Clostridiales XI + + + + ns2:C85924 + C2828021 + + + + ns2:C85924 + Clostridiales XI + + + + ns2:C85924 + A bacterial family of uncertain placement in the phylum Firmicutes and the order Clostridiales that is used to classify the genera Tissierella, Finegoldia and Anaerococcus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85924 + Clostridiales XI + + + + ns2:C85925 + Thesaurus:C85925 + + + + ns2:C85925 + C85925 + + + + ns2:C85925 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85925 + Clostridiales XIII + + + + ns2:C85925 + C2828022 + + + + ns2:C85925 + Clostridiales XIII + + + + ns2:C85925 + A bacterial family of uncertain placement in the phylum Firmicutes and the order Clostridiales that is used to classify the genus Mogibacterium. + + + + ns2:C85925 + Clostridiales XIII + + + + ns2:C85926 + Thesaurus:C85926 + + + + ns2:C85926 + C85926 + + + + ns2:C85926 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85926 + Comamonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85926 + C1034493 + + + + ns2:C85926 + 80864 + + + + ns2:C85926 + Comamonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85926 + A taxonomic family of gram negative, aerobic bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Acidovorax, Comamonas, Delftia and Pelomonas, among others. + + + + ns2:C85926 + Comamonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85927 + Thesaurus:C85927 + + + + ns2:C85927 + C85927 + + + + ns2:C85927 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85927 + Coriobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85927 + C1036497 + + + + ns2:C85927 + 84107 + + + + ns2:C85927 + Coriobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85927 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Atopobium, Coriobacterium, Eggerthella and Collinsella among others. + + + + ns2:C85927 + Coriobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85928 + Thesaurus:C85928 + + + + ns2:C85928 + C85928 + + + + ns2:C85928 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85928 + Dermabacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85928 + C1037118 + + + + ns2:C85928 + 85020 + + + + ns2:C85928 + Dermabacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85928 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive bacterium with high G+C DNA content in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Brachybacterium and Dermabacter. + + + + ns2:C85928 + Dermabacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85929 + Thesaurus:C85929 + + + + ns2:C85929 + C85929 + + + + ns2:C85929 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85929 + Dermacoccaceae + + + + ns2:C85929 + C1069975 + + + + ns2:C85929 + 145357 + + + + ns2:C85929 + Dermacoccaceae + + + + ns2:C85929 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera dermacoccus and micrococcus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85929 + Dermacoccaceae + + + + ns2:C85930 + Thesaurus:C85930 + + + + ns2:C85930 + C85930 + + + + ns2:C85930 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85930 + Dermatophilaceae + + + + ns2:C85930 + C1037116 + + + + ns2:C85930 + 85018 + + + + ns2:C85930 + Dermatophilaceae + + + + ns2:C85930 + A taxonomic family of mammalian pathogenic bacterium, which produce mycelial filaments or muriform thalli, in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Dermatophilus and Kineosphera, among others. + + + + ns2:C85930 + Dermatophilaceae + + + + ns2:C85931 + Thesaurus:C85931 + + + + ns2:C85931 + C85931 + + + + ns2:C85931 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85931 + Desulfovibrionaceae + + + + ns2:C85931 + C1216672 + + + + ns2:C85931 + 194924 + + + + ns2:C85931 + Desulfovibrionaceae + + + + ns2:C85931 + A taxonomic family of mostly sulfate-reducing bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Bilophila, Desulfovibrio and Lawsonia, among others. + + + + ns2:C85931 + Desulfovibrionaceae + + + + ns2:C85932 + Thesaurus:C85932 + + + + ns2:C85932 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C85932 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C85932 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C85932 + C85932 + + + + ns2:C85932 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85932 + Enterobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85932 + C0014346 + + + + ns2:C85932 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C85932 + Any bacteria that is not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Enterobacteriaceae family level. + + + + ns2:C85932 + 543 + + + + ns2:C85932 + ENTEROBACTERIACEAE + + + + ns2:C85932 + Enterobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85932 + Enterobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85932 + A taxonomic family of Gram-negative bacterium, which are found in water, soil or the gut, in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Aranicola, Buttiauxella, Cedecea, Cronobacter, Enterobacter and Citrobacter, among others. + + + + ns2:C85932 + Enterobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85933 + Thesaurus:C85933 + + + + ns2:C85933 + C85933 + + + + ns2:C85933 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85933 + Enterococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85933 + C1035041 + + + + ns2:C85933 + 81852 + + + + ns2:C85933 + Enterococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85933 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Enterococcus, Tetragenococcus and Vagococcus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85933 + Enterococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85934 + Thesaurus:C85934 + + + + ns2:C85934 + C85934 + + + + ns2:C85934 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85934 + Erysipelotrichaceae + + + + ns2:C85934 + C1062146 + + + + ns2:C85934 + 128827 + + + + ns2:C85934 + Erysipelotrichaceae + + + + ns2:C85934 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Holdemania, Allobaculum, Coprobacillus, and Erysipelothrix, among others. + + + + ns2:C85934 + Erysipelotrichaceae + + + + ns2:C85935 + Thesaurus:C85935 + + + + ns2:C85935 + C85935 + + + + ns2:C85935 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85935 + Eubacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85935 + C1210566 + + + + ns2:C85935 + 186806 + + + + ns2:C85935 + Eubacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85935 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Acetobacterium, Eubacterium and Garciella among others. + + + + ns2:C85935 + Eubacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85936 + Thesaurus:C85936 + + + + ns2:C85936 + C85936 + + + + ns2:C85936 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85936 + Flavobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85936 + C1014716 + + + + ns2:C85936 + 49546 + + + + ns2:C85936 + Flavobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85936 + A taxonomic family of marine and soil borne bacterium in the phylum Bacteroidetes that includes the genera Capnocytophaga, Chryseobacterium, Elizabethkingia and Flavobacterium among others. + + + + ns2:C85936 + Flavobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85937 + Thesaurus:C85937 + + + + ns2:C85937 + C85937 + + + + ns2:C85937 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85937 + Francisellaceae + + + + ns2:C85937 + C1004850 + + + + ns2:C85937 + 34064 + + + + ns2:C85937 + Francisellaceae + + + + ns2:C85937 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative, aerobic bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genus Francisella. + + + + ns2:C85937 + Francisellaceae + + + + ns2:C85938 + Thesaurus:C85938 + + + + ns2:C85938 + C85938 + + + + ns2:C85938 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85938 + Fusobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85938 + C1222479 + + + + ns2:C85938 + 203492 + + + + ns2:C85938 + Fusobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85938 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Fusobacteria that includes the genera Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia and Streptobacillus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85938 + Fusobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85939 + Thesaurus:C85939 + + + + ns2:C85939 + C85939 + + + + ns2:C85939 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85939 + Gordoniaceae + + + + ns2:C85939 + C1037123 + + + + ns2:C85939 + 85026 + + + + ns2:C85939 + Gordoniaceae + + + + ns2:C85939 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Gordonia and Millisia, among others. + + + + ns2:C85939 + Gordoniaceae + + + + ns2:C85940 + Thesaurus:C85940 + + + + ns2:C85940 + C85940 + + + + ns2:C85940 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85940 + Helicobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85940 + C1029239 + + + + ns2:C85940 + 72293 + + + + ns2:C85940 + Helicobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85940 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Helicobacter, Flexispira and Wolinella, among others. + + + + ns2:C85940 + Helicobacteraceae + + + + ns2:C85941 + Thesaurus:C85941 + + + + ns2:C85941 + C85941 + + + + ns2:C85941 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85941 + Intrasporangiaceae + + + + ns2:C85941 + C1037119 + + + + ns2:C85941 + 85021 + + + + ns2:C85941 + Intrasporangiaceae + + + + ns2:C85941 + A taxonomic family of marine bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Knoellia, Ornithinimicrobium and Janibacter, among others. + + + + ns2:C85941 + Intrasporangiaceae + + + + ns2:C85942 + Thesaurus:C85942 + + + + ns2:C85942 + C85942 + + + + ns2:C85942 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85942 + Lachnospiraceae + + + + ns2:C85942 + C1210564 + + + + ns2:C85942 + 186803 + + + + ns2:C85942 + Lachnospiraceae + + + + ns2:C85942 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Johnsonella, Dorea, Oribacterium and Anaerostipes, among others. + + + + ns2:C85942 + Lachnospiraceae + + + + ns2:C85943 + Thesaurus:C85943 + + + + ns2:C85943 + C85943 + + + + ns2:C85943 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85943 + Lactobacillaceae + + + + ns2:C85943 + C0022937 + + + + ns2:C85943 + 33958 + + + + ns2:C85943 + Lactobacillaceae + + + + ns2:C85943 + A taxonomic family of bacterium that ferment carbohydrates into lactic acid, in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Lactobacillus and Pediococcus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85943 + Lactobacillaceae + + + + ns2:C85944 + Thesaurus:C85944 + + + + ns2:C85944 + C85944 + + + + ns2:C85944 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85944 + Methylobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85944 + C1057045 + + + + ns2:C85944 + 119045 + + + + ns2:C85944 + Methylobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85944 + A taxonomic family of bacterium, which perform nitrogen fixation, in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Methylobacterium and Meganema, among others. + + + + ns2:C85944 + Methylobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85945 + Thesaurus:C85945 + + + + ns2:C85945 + C85945 + + + + ns2:C85945 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85945 + Microbacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85945 + C1272768 + + + + ns2:C85945 + 85023 + + + + ns2:C85945 + Microbacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85945 + A taxonomic family of isoprenoid pigrment producing bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Agromyces, Clavibacter, Leifsonia and Microbacterium, among others. + + + + ns2:C85945 + Microbacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85946 + Thesaurus:C85946 + + + + ns2:C85946 + C85946 + + + + ns2:C85946 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85946 + Micrococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85946 + C0025964 + + + + ns2:C85946 + 1268 + + + + ns2:C85946 + Micrococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85946 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive, cocci shaped bacterium, which are found in the air and on the skin, in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Arthrobacter, Kocuria, and Micrococcus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85946 + Micrococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85947 + Thesaurus:C85947 + + + + ns2:C85947 + C85947 + + + + ns2:C85947 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85947 + Micrococcineae + + + + ns2:C85947 + C1037105 + + + + ns2:C85947 + 85006 + + + + ns2:C85947 + Micrococcales + + + + ns2:C85947 + Micrococcineae + + + + ns2:C85947 + A taxonomic suborder of Gram positive, soil borne bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Tropheryma and Ruania, among others. + + + + ns2:C85947 + Micrococcineae + + + + ns2:C85948 + Thesaurus:C85948 + + + + ns2:C85948 + C85948 + + + + ns2:C85948 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85948 + Moraxellaceae + + + + ns2:C85948 + C0995357 + + + + ns2:C85948 + 468 + + + + ns2:C85948 + Moraxellaceae + + + + ns2:C85948 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Moraxella, Acinetobacter and Psychrobacter, among others. + + + + ns2:C85948 + Moraxellaceae + + + + ns2:C85949 + Thesaurus:C85949 + + + + ns2:C85949 + C85949 + + + + ns2:C85949 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85949 + Mycoplasmataceae + + + + ns2:C85949 + C0026943 + + + + ns2:C85949 + 2092 + + + + ns2:C85949 + Mycoplasmataceae + + + + ns2:C85949 + A taxonomic family of parasitic and pathogenic bacterium, which require sterols to grow, in the phylum Tenericutes that includes the genera Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma. + + + + ns2:C85949 + Mycoplasmataceae + + + + ns2:C85950 + Thesaurus:C85950 + + + + ns2:C85950 + C85950 + + + + ns2:C85950 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85950 + Neisseriaceae + + + + ns2:C85950 + C0027576 + + + + ns2:C85950 + 4818 + + + + ns2:C85950 + Neisseriaceae + + + + ns2:C85950 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative, strictly aerobic bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Neisseria, Chromobacterium, Eikenella and Kingella, among others. + + + + ns2:C85950 + Neisseriaceae + + + + ns2:C85951 + Thesaurus:C85951 + + + + ns2:C85951 + C85951 + + + + ns2:C85951 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85951 + Pasteurellaceae + + + + ns2:C85951 + C0030641 + + + + ns2:C85951 + 712 + + + + ns2:C85951 + Pasteurellaceae + + + + ns2:C85951 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative, facultatively anaerobic bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, Mannheimia and Pasteurella, among others. + + + + ns2:C85951 + Pasteurellaceae + + + + ns2:C85952 + Thesaurus:C85952 + + + + ns2:C85952 + C85952 + + + + ns2:C85952 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85952 + Peptococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85952 + C0030964 + + + + ns2:C85952 + 186807 + + + + ns2:C85952 + Peptococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85952 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Dehalobacter, Peptococcus and Thermincola, among others. + + + + ns2:C85952 + Peptococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85953 + Thesaurus:C85953 + + + + ns2:C85953 + C85953 + + + + ns2:C85953 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85953 + Peptostreptococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85953 + C1210565 + + + + ns2:C85953 + 186804 + + + + ns2:C85953 + Peptostreptococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85953 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Filifacter and Peptostreptococcus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85953 + Peptostreptococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85954 + Thesaurus:C85954 + + + + ns2:C85954 + C85954 + + + + ns2:C85954 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85954 + Planococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85954 + C1210573 + + + + ns2:C85954 + 186818 + + + + ns2:C85954 + Planococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85954 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Kurthia, Planococcus, and Lysinibacillus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85954 + Planococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85955 + Thesaurus:C85955 + + + + ns2:C85955 + C85955 + + + + ns2:C85955 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85955 + Porphyromonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85955 + C1080665 + + + + ns2:C85955 + 171551 + + + + ns2:C85955 + Porphyromonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85955 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Bacteroidetes that includes the genera Porphyromonas, Parabacteroides and Tannerella, among others. + + + + ns2:C85955 + Porphyromonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85956 + Thesaurus:C85956 + + + + ns2:C85956 + C85956 + + + + ns2:C85956 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85956 + Prevotellaceae + + + + ns2:C85956 + C1080666 + + + + ns2:C85956 + 171552 + + + + ns2:C85956 + Prevotellaceae + + + + ns2:C85956 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Bacteroidetes that includes the genera Hallella, Prevotella and Xylanibacter, among others. + + + + ns2:C85956 + Prevotellaceae + + + + ns2:C85957 + Thesaurus:C85957 + + + + ns2:C85957 + C85957 + + + + ns2:C85957 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85957 + Propionibacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85957 + C0033475 + + + + ns2:C85957 + 31957 + + + + ns2:C85957 + Propionibacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85957 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive, anaerobic bacterium, which are found in dairy products and in the intestines of animals, in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Brooklawnia, Microlunatus, Propionibacterium and Ponticoccus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85957 + Propionibacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85958 + Thesaurus:C85958 + + + + ns2:C85958 + C85958 + + + + ns2:C85958 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85958 + Pseudomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85958 + C0033807 + + + + ns2:C85958 + 135621 + + + + ns2:C85958 + Pseudomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85958 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative, generally motile bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Pseudomonas and Rhizobacter, among others. + + + + ns2:C85958 + Pseudomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85959 + Thesaurus:C85959 + + + + ns2:C85959 + C85959 + + + + ns2:C85959 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85959 + Rhizobiaceae + + + + ns2:C85959 + C0035474 + + + + ns2:C85959 + 82115 + + + + ns2:C85959 + Rhizobiaceae + + + + ns2:C85959 + A taxonomic family of parasitic, soil borne bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Amorphomona, Agrobacterium and Rhizobium, among others. + + + + ns2:C85959 + Rhizobiaceae + + + + ns2:C85960 + Thesaurus:C85960 + + + + ns2:C85960 + C85960 + + + + ns2:C85960 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85960 + Rhodospirillaceae + + + + ns2:C85960 + C0035500 + + + + ns2:C85960 + 41295 + + + + ns2:C85960 + Rhodospirillaceae + + + + ns2:C85960 + A taxonomic family of photosynthesizing bacterium, the majority of which are purple non-sulfur bacterium, in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Azospirillium, Inquilinus and Rhodospirillum, among others. + + + + ns2:C85960 + Rhodospirillaceae + + + + ns2:C85961 + Thesaurus:C85961 + + + + ns2:C85961 + C85961 + + + + ns2:C85961 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85961 + Ruminococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85961 + C2584567 + + + + ns2:C85961 + 541000 + + + + ns2:C85961 + Ruminococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85961 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Acetivibrio, Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85961 + Ruminococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85962 + Thesaurus:C85962 + + + + ns2:C85962 + C85962 + + + + ns2:C85962 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85962 + Shewanellaceae + + + + ns2:C85962 + C1686190 + + + + ns2:C85962 + 267890 + + + + ns2:C85962 + Shewanellaceae + + + + ns2:C85962 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genus Shewanella. + + + + ns2:C85962 + Shewanellaceae + + + + ns2:C85963 + Thesaurus:C85963 + + + + ns2:C85963 + C85963 + + + + ns2:C85963 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85963 + Sphingobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85963 + C1036778 + + + + ns2:C85963 + 84566 + + + + ns2:C85963 + Sphingobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85963 + A taxonomic family of marine and soil borne bacterium in the phylum Bacteroidetes that includes the genera Nubsella, Pedobacter, Sphingobacterium and Mucilaginibacter, among others. + + + + ns2:C85963 + Sphingobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85964 + Thesaurus:C85964 + + + + ns2:C85964 + C85964 + + + + ns2:C85964 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85964 + Sphingomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85964 + C1009415 + + + + ns2:C85964 + 41297 + + + + ns2:C85964 + Sphingomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85964 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative bacterium, which are found in soil, water and activated sludge, in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Sphingomonas, Zymomonas and Citromicrobium, among others. + + + + ns2:C85964 + Sphingomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85965 + Thesaurus:C85965 + + + + ns2:C85965 + C85965 + + + + ns2:C85965 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85965 + Spirochaetaceae + + + + ns2:C85965 + C0037972 + + + + ns2:C85965 + 137 + + + + ns2:C85965 + Spirochaetaceae + + + + ns2:C85965 + A taxonomic family of marine spiral shaped bacterium in the phylum Spirochaetes that includes the genera Borrellia, Treponema and Cristispira, among others. + + + + ns2:C85965 + Spirochaetaceae + + + + ns2:C85966 + Thesaurus:C85966 + + + + ns2:C85966 + C85966 + + + + ns2:C85966 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85966 + Staphylococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85966 + C1040695 + + + + ns2:C85966 + 90964 + + + + ns2:C85966 + Staphylococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85966 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Macrococcus, Staphylococcus and Jeotgalicoccus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85966 + Staphylococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85967 + Thesaurus:C85967 + + + + ns2:C85967 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C85967 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C85967 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C85967 + C85967 + + + + ns2:C85967 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85967 + Streptococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85967 + C0038394 + + + + ns2:C85967 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C85967 + Any bacteria that are not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Streptococcaceae family level. + + + + ns2:C85967 + 1300 + + + + ns2:C85967 + STREPTOCOCCACEAE + + + + ns2:C85967 + Streptococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85967 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Lactococcus and Streptococcus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85967 + Streptococcaceae + + + + ns2:C85968 + Thesaurus:C85968 + + + + ns2:C85968 + C85968 + + + + ns2:C85968 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85968 + Tsukamurellaceae + + + + ns2:C85968 + C1037125 + + + + ns2:C85968 + 85028 + + + + ns2:C85968 + Tsukamurellaceae + + + + ns2:C85968 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genus Tsukamurella. + + + + ns2:C85968 + Tsukamurellaceae + + + + ns2:C85969 + Thesaurus:C85969 + + + + ns2:C85969 + C85969 + + + + ns2:C85969 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85969 + Veillonellaceae + + + + ns2:C85969 + C0042447 + + + + ns2:C85969 + 31977 + + + + ns2:C85969 + Veillonellaceae + + + + ns2:C85969 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative, obligately anaerobic bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Megasphaera, Misuokella, Acidaminococcus and Selenomonas, among others. + + + + ns2:C85969 + Veillonellaceae + + + + ns2:C85970 + Thesaurus:C85970 + + + + ns2:C85970 + C85970 + + + + ns2:C85970 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85970 + Vibrionaceae + + + + ns2:C85970 + C0042638 + + + + ns2:C85970 + 641 + + + + ns2:C85970 + Vibrionaceae + + + + ns2:C85970 + A taxonomic family of bacterium found in fresh or salt water, in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Catenococcus, Grimontia, Listonella and Photobacterium, among others. + + + + ns2:C85970 + Vibrionaceae + + + + ns2:C85971 + Thesaurus:C85971 + + + + ns2:C85971 + C85971 + + + + ns2:C85971 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85971 + Xanthomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85971 + C1003871 + + + + ns2:C85971 + 32033 + + + + ns2:C85971 + Xanthomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85971 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Dokdonella, Aspromonas, Fulvimonas, Stenotrophomonas and Xanthomonas, among others. + + + + ns2:C85971 + Xanthomonadaceae + + + + ns2:C85978 + Thesaurus:C85978 + + + + ns2:C85978 + C85978 + + + + ns2:C85978 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85978 + Chlamydiaceae + + + + ns2:C85978 + C0008152 + + + + ns2:C85978 + 809 + + + + ns2:C85978 + Chlamydiaceae + + + + ns2:C85978 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative bacterium in the phylum Chylamydiae that includes the genera Chlamydia and Chlamydophila. + + + + ns2:C85978 + Chlamydiaceae + + + + ns2:C85979 + Thesaurus:C85979 + + + + ns2:C85979 + C85979 + + + + ns2:C85979 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85979 + Legionellaceae + + + + ns2:C85979 + C0085465 + + + + ns2:C85979 + 444 + + + + ns2:C85979 + Legionellaceae + + + + ns2:C85979 + Legionellaceae + + + + ns2:C85981 + Thesaurus:C85981 + + + + ns2:C85981 + C85981 + + + + ns2:C85981 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85981 + Corynebacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85981 + C0010147 + + + + ns2:C85981 + 1653 + + + + ns2:C85981 + Corynebacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85981 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genus Corynebacterium. + + + + ns2:C85981 + Corynebacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85982 + Thesaurus:C85982 + + + + ns2:C85982 + C85982 + + + + ns2:C85982 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85982 + Mycobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85982 + C0026907 + + + + ns2:C85982 + 1762 + + + + ns2:C85982 + Mycobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85982 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genus Mycobacterium, among others. + + + + ns2:C85982 + Mycobacteriaceae + + + + ns2:C85983 + Thesaurus:C85983 + + + + ns2:C85983 + C85983 + + + + ns2:C85983 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85983 + Nocardiaceae + + + + ns2:C85983 + C0028243 + + + + ns2:C85983 + 85025 + + + + ns2:C85983 + Nocardiaceae + + + + ns2:C85983 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive, aerobic bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Nocardia, Rhodococcus and Smaragdicoccus, among others. + + + + ns2:C85983 + Nocardiaceae + + + + ns2:C85984 + Thesaurus:C85984 + + + + ns2:C85984 + C85984 + + + + ns2:C85984 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85984 + Streptomycetaceae + + + + ns2:C85984 + C0038424 + + + + ns2:C85984 + 2062 + + + + ns2:C85984 + Streptomycetaceae + + + + ns2:C85984 + A taxonomic family of soil borne bacterium in the phylum Actinobacteria that includes the genera Kitasatospora and Streptomyces, among others. + + + + ns2:C85984 + Streptomycetaceae + + + + ns2:C85985 + Thesaurus:C85985 + + + + ns2:C85985 + C85985 + + + + ns2:C85985 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85985 + Bacteroidaceae + + + + ns2:C85985 + C0004660 + + + + ns2:C85985 + 815 + + + + ns2:C85985 + Bacteroidaceae + + + + ns2:C85985 + A taxonomic family of bacterium, in the phylum Bacteroidetes, which is usually found in the mucous membranes and alimentary tract of mammals. It includes the genera Bacteroides and Acetomicrobium, among others. + + + + ns2:C85985 + Bacteroidaceae + + + + ns2:C85986 + Thesaurus:C85986 + + + + ns2:C85986 + C85986 + + + + ns2:C85986 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85986 + Clostridiaceae + + + + ns2:C85986 + C1003853 + + + + ns2:C85986 + 31979 + + + + ns2:C85986 + Clostridiaceae + + + + ns2:C85986 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Alkaliphilus, Clostridium and Lutispora, among others. + + + + ns2:C85986 + Clostridiaceae + + + + ns2:C85988 + Thesaurus:C85988 + + + + ns2:C85988 + C85988 + + + + ns2:C85988 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85988 + Leuconostocaceae + + + + ns2:C85988 + C1035040 + + + + ns2:C85988 + 81850 + + + + ns2:C85988 + Leuconostocaceae + + + + ns2:C85988 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Fructobacillus and Leuconostoc, among others. + + + + ns2:C85988 + Leuconostocaceae + + + + ns2:C85992 + Thesaurus:C85992 + + + + ns2:C85992 + C85992 + + + + ns2:C85992 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C85992 + Listeriaceae + + + + ns2:C85992 + C1210575 + + + + ns2:C85992 + 186820 + + + + ns2:C85992 + Listeriaceae + + + + ns2:C85992 + A taxonomic family of Gram positive bacterium in the phylum Firmicutes that includes the genera Listeria and Brochothrix, among others. + + + + ns2:C85992 + Listeriaceae + + + + ns2:C86000 + Thesaurus:C86000 + + + + ns2:C86000 + C86000 + + + + ns2:C86000 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C86000 + Leptospiraceae + + + + ns2:C86000 + C0085466 + + + + ns2:C86000 + 170 + + + + ns2:C86000 + Leptospiraceae + + + + ns2:C86000 + A taxonomic family of mostile bacterium in the phylum Spirochaetes that includes the genera Leptospira and Turneriella, among others. + + + + ns2:C86000 + Leptospiraceae + + + + ns2:C86006 + Thesaurus:C86006 + + + + ns2:C86006 + C86006 + + + + ns2:C86006 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C86006 + Coxiellaceae + + + + ns2:C86006 + C1056978 + + + + ns2:C86006 + 118968 + + + + ns2:C86006 + Coxiellaceae + + + + ns2:C86006 + A taxonomic family of bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Coxiella and Rickettsiella, among others. + + + + ns2:C86006 + Coxiellaceae + + + + ns2:C86007 + Thesaurus:C86007 + + + + ns2:C86007 + C86007 + + + + ns2:C86007 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C86007 + Rickettsiaceae + + + + ns2:C86007 + C0035591 + + + + ns2:C86007 + 775 + + + + ns2:C86007 + Rickettsiaceae + + + + ns2:C86007 + A taxonomic family of Gram negative, non acid fast bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria that includes the genera Rickettsia and Wolbachia, among others. + + + + ns2:C86007 + Rickettsiaceae + + + + ns2:C86343 + Thesaurus:C86343 + + + + ns2:C86343 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C86343 + ns2:C66830 + + + + ns2:C86343 + ns2:C85491 + + + + ns2:C86343 + C86343 + + + + ns2:C86343 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C86343 + Diptheroid Bacillus + + + + ns2:C86343 + C2828051 + + + + ns2:C86343 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C86343 + Any of a number of rod-shaped bacteria that resemble Corynebacterium diphtheriae, either in morphology or etiology. + + + + ns2:C86343 + DIPHTHEROID BACILLUS + + + + ns2:C86343 + Diptheroid Bacillus + + + + ns2:C86343 + Any of a number of rod shaped bacteria that resemble Corynebacterium diphtheriae, either in morphology or etiology. + + + + ns2:C86343 + Diptheroid Bacillus + + + + ns2:C86587 + Thesaurus:C86587 + + + + ns2:C86587 + C86587 + + + + ns2:C86587 + Plant + + + + ns2:C86587 + Algae + + + + ns2:C86587 + C0002028 + + + + ns2:C86587 + Algae + + + + ns2:C86587 + Chlorophyll-containing, mainly aquatic eukaryotic organisms lacking true stems and roots and leaves. + + + + ns2:C86587 + Algae + + + + ns2:C86869 + Thesaurus:C86869 + + + + ns2:C86869 + C86869 + + + + ns2:C86869 + Bacterium + + + + ns2:C86869 + Rikenellaceae + + + + ns2:C86869 + C1080664 + + + + ns2:C86869 + 171550 + + + + ns2:C86869 + Rikenellaceae + + + + ns2:C86869 + Rikenellaceae + + + + ns2:C88144 + Thesaurus:C88144 + + + + ns2:C88144 + C88144 + + + + ns2:C88144 + Classification + + + + ns2:C88144 + Mosaic + + + + ns2:C88144 + C2987512 + + + + ns2:C88144 + Mosaic + + + + ns2:C88144 + mosaicism + + + + ns2:C88144 + An individual containing two or more populations of genetically different cells that arose from a single zygote. + + + + ns2:C88144 + Mosaic + + + + ns2:C94171 + Thesaurus:C94171 + + + + ns2:C94171 + ns2:C159501 + + + + ns2:C94171 + ns2:C159504 + + + + ns2:C94171 + C94171 + + + + ns2:C94171 + Organism + + + + ns2:C94171 + Animal Organism Strain + + + + ns2:C94171 + C0682518 + + + + ns2:C94171 + BRIDG + + + + ns2:C94171 + A group of presumed common ancestry with clear-cut physiological but usually not morphological distinctions. EXAMPLE(S): The specific genotypic or phenotypic variant of an animal. Minnesota5 (swine strain), DXL (poultry strain), RB51 (vaccine strain of Brucella abortus) + + + + ns2:C94171 + Animal Organism Strain + + + + ns2:C94171 + Animal.strain + + + + ns2:C94171 + A group of presumed common ancestry with clear-cut physiological but usually not morphological distinctions. + + + + ns2:C94171 + Animal Organism Strain + + + + ns2:C94190 + Thesaurus:C94190 + + + + ns2:C94190 + C94190 + + + + ns2:C94190 + Virus + + + + ns2:C94190 + Enveloped Virus + + + + ns2:C94190 + C2986384 + + + + ns2:C94190 + A virus that has an outer wrapping or envelope. This envelope comes from the infected cell, or host, in a process called "budding off." During the budding process, newly formed virus particles become "enveloped" or wrapped in an outer coat that is made from a small piece of the cell's plasma membrane. The envelope may play a role in helping a virus survive and infect other cells. + + + + ns2:C94190 + Enveloped Virus + + + + ns2:C94190 + enveloped virus + + + + ns2:C94190 + Enveloped Virus + + + + ns2:C96373 + Thesaurus:C96373 + + + + ns2:C96373 + ns2:C61410 + + + + ns2:C96373 + ns2:C77526 + + + + ns2:C96373 + ns2:C90007 + + + + ns2:C96373 + ns2:C90009 + + + + ns2:C96373 + C96373 + + + + ns2:C96373 + Organism + + + + ns2:C96373 + SEND Test System Strain + + + + ns2:C96373 + C3272744 + + + + ns2:C96373 + CDISC + + + + ns2:C96373 + The vendor-supplied species/strain/substrain designation for the test system under study. It may combine the species, background strain, substrain, and associated genetic modifications as supplied by the vendor (e.g. FISCHER 344, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY IGS, WISTAR Kyoto, BEAGLE, CYNOMOLGUS, RHESUS and CHIMPANZEE). + + + + ns2:C96373 + SEND Test System Strain + + + + ns2:C96373 + STRAIN + + + + ns2:C96373 + Strain/Substrain + + + + ns2:C96373 + The vendor-supplied species, strain or substrain designation for the test system under study. It may combine the species, background strain, substrain, and associated genetic modifications as supplied by the vendor. + + + + ns2:C96373 + SEND Test System Strain + + + + ns2:C97158 + Thesaurus:C97158 + + + + ns2:C97158 + C97158 + + + + ns2:C97158 + Classification + + + + ns2:C97158 + Genetically Modified Organism + + + + ns2:C97158 + C0969756 + + + + ns2:C97158 + GMO + + + + ns2:C97158 + Genetically Modified Organism + + + + ns2:C97158 + An organism whose genetic characteristics have been altered by any of the techniques of genetic engineering. + + + + ns2:C97158 + Genetically Modified Organism + + + + ns5:fma0327741 + fma:fma0327741 + + + + ns5:fma0327741 + 327741 + + + + ns5:fma0327741 + Infratentorial region of brain + + + + ns5:fma0327741 + Infratentorial region of brain + + + + ns5:fma271117 + fma:fma271117 + + + + ns5:fma271117 + 271117 + + + + ns5:fma271117 + 216 + + + + ns5:fma271117 + 440 + + + + ns5:fma271117 + Right side of midbrain + + + + ns5:fma271117 + Right side of midbrain + + + + ns5:fma271119 + fma:fma271119 + + + + ns5:fma271119 + 271119 + + + + ns5:fma271119 + 215 + + + + ns5:fma271119 + Left side of midbrain + + + + ns5:fma271119 + Left side of midbrain + + + + ns5:fma271149 + fma:fma271149 + + + + ns5:fma271149 + 271149 + + + + ns5:fma271149 + Segment of brainstem + + + + ns5:fma271149 + Segment of brainstem + + + + ns5:fma271151 + fma:fma271151 + + + + ns5:fma271151 + 271151 + + + + ns5:fma271151 + 574 + + + + ns5:fma271151 + Right side of brainstem + + + + ns5:fma271151 + Right side of brainstem + + + + ns5:fma271153 + fma:fma271153 + + + + ns5:fma271153 + 271153 + + + + ns5:fma271153 + Left side of brainstem + + + + ns5:fma271153 + Left side of brainstem + + + + ns5:fma321762 + fma:fma321762 + + + + ns5:fma321762 + 321762 + + + + ns5:fma321762 + Lateral half of brain + + + + ns5:fma321762 + Lateral half of brain + + + + ns5:fma321930 + fma:fma321930 + + + + ns5:fma321930 + 321930 + + + + ns5:fma321930 + Rhinencephalon + + + + ns5:fma321930 + Rhinencephalon + + + + ns5:fma322211 + fma:fma322211 + + + + ns5:fma322211 + 322211 + + + + ns5:fma322211 + Supratentorial region of brain + + + + ns5:fma322211 + Supratentorial region of brain + + + + ns5:fma322212 + fma:fma322212 + + + + ns5:fma322212 + 322212 + + + + ns5:fma322212 + Infratentorial region of brain + + + + ns5:fma322212 + Infratentorial region of brain + + + + ns5:fma323282 + fma:fma323282 + + + + ns5:fma323282 + 323282 + + + + ns5:fma323282 + Segment of rhinencephalon + + + + ns5:fma55676 + fma:fma55676 + + + + ns5:fma55676 + 55676 + + + + ns5:fma55676 + Segment of neuraxis with one or more fixed or anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: thalamus, midbrain, pons, cerebellum, and spinal cord. + + + + ns5:fma55676 + Segment of brain + + + + ns5:fma55676 + Neuraxis segment + + + + ns5:fma55676 + Segment of brain + + + + ns5:fma61815 + fma:fma61815 + + + + ns5:fma61815 + 61815 + + + + ns5:fma61815 + Segment of brain with one or more fixed or anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: thalamus, midbrain, pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata. + + + + ns5:fma61815 + Cardinal segment of brain + + + + ns5:fma61815 + Brain segment + + + + ns5:fma61815 + Cardinal segment of brain + + + + ns5:fma61817 + fma:fma61817 + + + + ns5:fma61817 + 61817 + + + + ns5:fma61817 + Segment of telencephalon which has as its direct proper parts cerebral cortex and cerebral medulla. + + + + ns5:fma61817 + Hemispherium cerebralis + + + + ns5:fma61817 + Hemispherium cerebri + + + + ns5:fma61817 + Hémisphère cérébral + + + + ns5:fma61817 + Cerebral hemisphere + + + + ns5:fma61817 + Cerebral hemisphere + + + + ns5:fma61992 + fma:fma61992 + + + + ns5:fma61992 + 61992 + + + + ns5:fma61992 + birnlex_1509 + + + + ns5:fma61992 + RID6435 + + + + ns5:fma61992 + Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the telencephalon, diencephalon, lateral ventricles and third ventricle. Examples: There is only one forebrain. + + + + ns5:fma61992 + Prosencephalon + + + + ns5:fma61992 + Prosencéphale + + + + ns5:fma61992 + Forebrain + + + + ns5:fma61992 + Forebrain + + + + ns5:fma61993 + fma:fma61993 + + + + ns5:fma61993 + 61993 + + + + ns5:fma61993 + birnlex_1667 + + + + ns5:fma61993 + RID6768 + + + + ns5:fma61993 + Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the tectum, cerebral peduncle, midbrain tegmentum and cerebral aqueduct. Examples: There is only one midbrain. + + + + ns5:fma61993 + Mesencephalon + + + + ns5:fma61993 + Mésencéphale + + + + ns5:fma61993 + Midbrain + + + + ns5:fma61993 + Midbrain + + + + ns5:fma61996 + fma:fma61996 + + + + ns5:fma61996 + 61996 + + + + ns5:fma61996 + Segment of forebrain + + + + ns5:fma61996 + Forebrain segment + + + + ns5:fma61996 + Segment of forebrain + + + + ns5:fma61997 + fma:fma61997 + + + + ns5:fma61997 + 61997 + + + + ns5:fma61997 + Segment of midbrain + + + + ns5:fma61997 + Midbrain segment + + + + ns5:fma61997 + Segment of midbrain + + + + ns5:fma61998 + fma:fma61998 + + + + ns5:fma61998 + 61998 + + + + ns5:fma61998 + Segment of hindbrain + + + + ns5:fma61998 + Hindbrain segment + + + + ns5:fma61998 + Segment of hindbrain + + + + ns5:fma62000 + fma:fma62000 + + + + ns5:fma62000 + 62000 + + + + ns5:fma62000 + birnlex_1115 + + + + ns5:fma62000 + RID6437 + + + + ns5:fma62000 + Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, basal ganglia, septum and fornix, as well as subcortical gray and white matter structures. There is only one telencephalon. + + + + ns5:fma62000 + Cerebrum + + + + ns5:fma62000 + Télencéphale + + + + ns5:fma62000 + Telencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62000 + Telencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62001 + fma:fma62001 + + + + ns5:fma62001 + 62001 + + + + ns5:fma62001 + birnlex_1503 + + + + ns5:fma62001 + RID6566 + + + + ns5:fma62001 + Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus. There is only one diencephalon. + + + + ns5:fma62001 + Diencéphale + + + + ns5:fma62001 + Diencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62001 + Between brain + + + + ns5:fma62001 + Interbrain + + + + ns5:fma62001 + Mature diencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62001 + Diencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62003 + fma:fma62003 + + + + ns5:fma62003 + 62003 + + + + ns5:fma62003 + RID13155 + + + + ns5:fma62003 + Rostral segment of the hindbrain that has as its parts the pons and the cerebellum. + + + + ns5:fma62003 + Métencéphale + + + + ns5:fma62003 + Pons et cerebellum + + + + ns5:fma62003 + Metencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62003 + Epencephalon-2 + + + + ns5:fma62003 + Metencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62004 + fma:fma62004 + + + + ns5:fma62004 + 62004 + + + + ns5:fma62004 + RID6681 + + + + ns5:fma62004 + Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the medullary reticular formation, inferior olivary complex and cochlear nuclear complex, among other structures. Examples: There is only one medulla oblongata. + + + + ns5:fma62004 + Bulbus + + + + ns5:fma62004 + Myelencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62004 + Myelencéphale + + + + ns5:fma62004 + Myélencéphale + + + + ns5:fma62004 + Medulla oblongata + + + + ns5:fma62004 + Bulb + + + + ns5:fma62004 + Metepencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62004 + Medulla oblongata + + + + ns5:fma62005 + fma:fma62005 + + + + ns5:fma62005 + 62005 + + + + ns5:fma62005 + Segment of diencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62005 + Diencephalon segment + + + + ns5:fma62005 + Segment of diencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62374 + fma:fma62374 + + + + ns5:fma62374 + 62374 + + + + ns5:fma62374 + Segment of telencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62374 + Telencephalon segment + + + + ns5:fma62374 + Segment of telencephalon + + + + ns5:fma62393 + fma:fma62393 + + + + ns5:fma62393 + 62393 + + + + ns5:fma62393 + RID6795 + + + + ns5:fma62393 + Subdivision of the midbrain lying anterior to the tectum and posterior to the substantia nigra and cerebral peduncle. + + + + ns5:fma62393 + Tegmentum du mésencéphale + + + + ns5:fma62393 + Tegmentum mesencephali + + + + ns5:fma62393 + Tegmentum mesencephalicum + + + + ns5:fma62393 + Midbrain tegmentum + + + + ns5:fma62393 + Mesencephalic tegmentum + + + + ns5:fma62393 + Tegmentum of midbrain + + + + ns5:fma62393 + Midbrain tegmentum + + + + ns5:fma62398 + fma:fma62398 + + + + ns5:fma62398 + 62398 + + + + ns5:fma62398 + Segment of midbrain tectum + + + + ns5:fma62398 + Midbrain tectum segment + + + + ns5:fma62398 + Segment of midbrain tectum + + + + ns5:fma62399 + fma:fma62399 + + + + ns5:fma62399 + 62399 + + + + ns5:fma62399 + Segment of midbrain tegmentum + + + + ns5:fma62399 + Midbrain tegmentum segment + + + + ns5:fma62399 + Segment of midbrain tegmentum + + + + ns5:fma67687 + fma:fma67687 + + + + ns5:fma67687 + 67687 + + + + ns5:fma67687 + birnlex_942 + + + + ns5:fma67687 + RID6679 + + + + ns5:fma67687 + Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata . Examples: There is only one hindbrain. + + + + ns5:fma67687 + Rhombencephalon + + + + ns5:fma67687 + Rhombencéphale + + + + ns5:fma67687 + Hindbrain + + + + ns5:fma67687 + Hindbrain + + + + ns5:fma71011 + fma:fma71011 + + + + ns5:fma71011 + 71011 + + + + ns5:fma71011 + Segment of medulla oblongata + + + + ns5:fma71011 + Medullary oblongata segment + + + + ns5:fma71011 + Segment of medulla oblongata + + + + ns5:fma74636 + fma:fma74636 + + + + ns5:fma74636 + 74636 + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Lobus nervosus (Neurohypophysis) + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Pars nervosa (Neurohypophysis) + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Pars nervosa (hypophysis) + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Pars nervosa neurohypophysis + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Pars posterior of hypophysis + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Neural lobe of neurohypophysis + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Pars nervosa of hypophysis + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Pars nervosa of neurohypophysis + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Pars nervosa of posterior lobe of pituitary gland + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Pituitary gland, posterior lobe + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Posterior lobe of neurohypophysis + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Posterior lobe of pituitary + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Posterior lobe-3 + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Posterior pituitary + + + + ns5:fma74636 + Neural lobe of neurohypophysis + + + + ns5:fma77700 + fma:fma77700 + + + + ns5:fma77700 + 77700 + + + + ns5:fma77700 + Pars basalis telencephali + + + + ns5:fma77700 + Partie basale du télencéphale + + + + ns5:fma77700 + Basal forebrain + + + + ns5:fma77700 + Basal forebrain + + + + ns5:fma79876 + fma:fma79876 + + + + ns5:fma79876 + 16 + + + + ns5:fma79876 + 79876 + + + + ns5:fma79876 + RID6677 + + + + ns5:fma79876 + Tronc cérébral + + + + ns5:fma79876 + Truncus encephali + + + + ns5:fma79876 + Brainstem + + + + ns5:fma79876 + Brain stem + + + + ns5:fma79876 + Brainstem + + + + ns5:fma83902 + fma:fma83902 + + + + ns5:fma83902 + 83902 + + + + ns5:fma83902 + RID6781 + + + + ns5:fma83902 + Midbrain tectum + + + + ns5:fma83902 + Neuraxis tectum + + + + ns5:fma83902 + Midbrain tectum + + + + ns1:BIKO_000001 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000001 + 2022-09-29T18:34:04.404818Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000001 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_62955 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000001 + Anatomical entity + + + + ns1:BIKO_000001 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000001 + Organismal continuant entity which is enclosed by the bona fide boundary of an organism or is an attribute of its structural organization. Examples: cell, heart, head, peritoneal cavity, apex of lung, anatomical term, sagittal plane. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000002 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000002 + 2022-09-29T18:34:21.00422Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000002 + Attribute + + + + ns1:BIKO_000002 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000483 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000002 + https://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000614.rdf + + + + ns1:BIKO_000002 + A characteristic of some entity. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000003 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000003 + 2022-09-29T18:34:36.453487Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000003 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000003 + Information content entity + + + + ns1:BIKO_000003 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000003 + An object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000004 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000004 + 2022-09-29T18:34:54.323158Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000004 + http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000004 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000004 + Material entity + + + + ns1:BIKO_000004 + http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000004 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000004 + A material entity is a physical entity that is spatially extended, exists as a whole at any point in time and has mass. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000005 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000005 + 2022-09-29T18:35:11.362856Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000005 + https://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000006.rdf + + + + ns1:BIKO_000005 + Process + + + + ns1:BIKO_000005 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000005 + https://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000006.rdf + + + + ns1:BIKO_000005 + An entity that is identifiable only through the unfolding of time, has temporal parts, and unless otherwise specified/predicted, cannot be identified from any instant of time in which it exists. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000007 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000007 + 2022-09-29T18:57:39.376802Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000007 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C3671 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000007 + Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000007 + Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000007 + trauma + + + + ns1:BIKO_000007 + wound + + + + ns1:BIKO_000008 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000008 + 2022-09-29T19:14:46.010957Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000008 + SynonymTypeProperty + + + + ns1:BIKO_000009 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000009 + 2022-09-29T19:19:49.496304Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000009 + synonym + + + + ns1:BIKO_000010 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000010 + 2022-09-29T19:20:31.058934Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000010 + abbreviation + + + + ns1:BIKO_000011 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000011 + 2022-09-29T19:22:41.968915Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000011 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000112 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000011 + Nervous system injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000011 + The process of causing damage to the nervous system + + + + ns1:BIKO_000012 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000012 + 2022-09-29T19:25:02.010837Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000012 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000160 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000012 + Traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000012 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000160 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000012 + Damage to the brain resulting in altered function caused by a blow, jolt, or penetrating wound. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000013 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000013 + 2022-09-29T19:26:10.463862Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000013 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00528 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000013 + Primary brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000013 + The immediate impact of different mechanical insults to the brain + + + + ns1:BIKO_000014 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000014 + 2022-09-29T19:26:29.946782Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000014 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00528 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000014 + Secondary brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000014 + The biochemical, cellular and physiological events that occur during primary injury that often progress into delayed and prolonged secondary damages. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000015 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000015 + 2022-09-29T19:29:39.404112Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000015 + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_and_diffuse_brain_injury#cite_note-LaPlaca07-3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000015 + Focal head injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000016 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000016 + 2022-09-29T19:30:38.006418Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000016 + https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4160-6839-6.10133-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000016 + Diffuse brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000016 + Diffuse brain injury is characterized by damage that is wide spread rather than localized to one region of the brain. It usually depends on inertial loadings due to rapid head rotational motions of the brain, resulting from unrestricted head movement in the instant of injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000017 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000017 + 2022-09-29T19:34:02.903006Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000017 + ns2:C25499 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000017 + Injury mechanism + + + + ns1:BIKO_000017 + An injury that happens at a given place and time. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000019 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000019 + 2022-10-21T06:22:24.079358Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000019 + isMeasurementOf + + + + ns1:BIKO_000020 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000020 + 2022-10-21T06:30:03.860536Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000020 + hasInjurySite + + + + ns1:BIKO_000022 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000022 + 2022-09-29T19:35:52.945369Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000022 + https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2308-8813 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000022 + Controlled injury event + + + + ns1:BIKO_000022 + An intentional and regulated occurrence to study the effects of a traumatic brain injury in a controlled laboratory environment. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000022 + preclinical TBI model event, preclinical traumatic brain injury model event + + + + ns1:BIKO_000023 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000023 + 2022-09-29T19:36:02.331198Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000023 + https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2308-8813 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000023 + Uncontrolled injury event + + + + ns1:BIKO_000023 + An accidental or unexpected injury to the brain that occurs outside of the a controlled laboratory environment (real-life situation) + + + + ns1:BIKO_000023 + clinical traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000024 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000024 + 2022-09-29T19:36:28.24021Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000024 + Blast exposure model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000024 + blast injury model, Blast model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000025 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000025 + 2022-09-29T19:36:45.57616Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000025 + https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3407 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000025 + Controlled cortical impact injury model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000025 + Model that uses a pneumatic or electromagnetic impact device to drive a rigid impactor onto the exposed intact dura, and mimics cortical tissue loss, acute subdural hematoma, axonal injury, concussion, blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and even coma + + + + ns1:BIKO_000025 + Controlled cortical impact model, CCI, Controlled impact model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000026 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000026 + 2022-09-29T19:37:01.609349Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000026 + https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3407 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000026 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000026 + Fluid percussion injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000026 + An insult inflicted by a pendulum striking the piston of a reservoir of fluid to generate a fluid pressure pulse to the intact dura through a craniotomy, which is made either centrally around the midline, or laterally over the parietal bone, between bregma and lambda. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000026 + Fluid percussion injury model, FPI, Fluid percussion + + + + ns1:BIKO_000027 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000027 + 2022-09-29T19:37:25.80839Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000027 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2018.6127 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000027 + Weight drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000027 + A model that consists of dropping a projectile of specified characteristics through a tube at a specified height onto the head of the animal + + + + ns1:BIKO_000027 + weight-drop model, WDI, weight drop injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000028 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000028 + 2022-09-30T22:48:23.39838Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000028 + https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2308-8813 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000028 + Preclinical traumatic brain injury model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000028 + The process of a laboratory animal that receiving a traumatic brain injury in a controlled laboratory environment to a specification provided in a protocol to capture some aspects of a clinical TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000029 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000029 + 2022-09-29T19:37:01.609349+00:00 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000029 + Lateral fluid percussion injury model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000029 + Lateral FPI, LFP, Lateral fluid percussion, Lateral fluid percussion injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000030 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000030 + 2022-09-29T19:37:01.609349+00:00 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000030 + Midline fluid percussion injury model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000030 + Midline FPI, MFP, Midline fluid percussion, Midline fluid percussion injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000031 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000031 + 2022-11-09T13:54:26.863022Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000031 + hasInjuryMechanism + + + + ns1:BIKO_000032 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000032 + 2022-11-09T08:14:39.589893Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000032 + hasPredominateInjuryType + + + + ns1:BIKO_000033 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000033 + 2022-10-05T16:06:33.253933Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000033 + Feeney's weight drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000034 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000034 + 2022-10-05T16:06:48.058915Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000034 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2824220/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000034 + Marmarou's weight drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000035 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000035 + 2022-10-05T16:07:01.922959Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000035 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2824220/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000035 + Maryland's weight drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000035 + A preclinical model of closed head injury where the impact force is applied to the anterior part of the cranium and produces TBI by causing anterior-posterior plus sagittal rotational acceleration of the brain inside the intact cranium. A modification of the impact-acceleration model of Marmarou. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000036 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000036 + 2022-10-05T16:07:35.193584Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000036 + Shohami's weight drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_000037 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000037 + 2022-10-21T06:36:07.585322Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000037 + injuryDisrupts + + + + ns1:BIKO_000038 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000038 + 2022-10-21T20:43:00.704405Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000038 + http://edamontology.org/data_0971 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000038 + Article + + + + ns1:BIKO_000038 + http://bioontology.org/projects/ontologies/birnlex#birnlex_11009 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000038 + http://edamontology.org/data_0971 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000038 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000064 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000038 + A scientific text, typically a full text article from a scientific journal. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000039 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000039 + 2022-10-28T22:26:16.304548Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000039 + Mild traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000040 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000040 + 2022-10-05T16:11:25.71868Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000040 + Injury measurement process + + + + ns1:BIKO_000041 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000041 + 2022-10-05T16:11:55.096768Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000041 + Blood test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000042 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000042 + 2022-10-05T16:12:06.646456Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000042 + Brain injury severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_000043 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000043 + 2022-10-05T16:12:19.111072Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000043 + Imaging test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000045 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000045 + 2022-10-11T22:20:19.259367Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000045 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000041 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000045 + Expression profile + + + + ns1:BIKO_000045 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000041 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000045 + The expression values of a set of genes under different conditions, e.g. following an environmental insult, following hormonal stimulation, or at a particular developmental stage. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000046 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000046 + 2022-10-05T16:13:06.960666Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000046 + Banyan Brain Trauma Indicator + + + + ns1:BIKO_000046 + BTI + + + + ns1:BIKO_000047 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000047 + 2022-11-09T08:29:53.265647Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000047 + https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2308-8813 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000047 + Head and Cranial Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000047 + Injuries related to the head and cranium that causes dysfunction of biological processes. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000048 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000048 + 2022-11-09T08:32:04.210586Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000048 + Blood brain barrier disruption + + + + ns1:BIKO_000049 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000049 + 2022-10-23T19:28:36.051933Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000049 + AnimalAgeGroup + + + + ns1:BIKO_000050 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000050 + 2022-10-05T16:14:02.744174Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000050 + ns2:C17204 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000050 + Computed tomography test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000050 + A test that uses computed tomography to examine structures within the body by scanning them with X-rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000050 + CAT, CAT Scan, Computed Axial Tomography, Computed Tomography, Computerized Axial Tomography, CT, CT Scan + + + + ns1:BIKO_000051 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000051 + 2022-10-05T16:14:14.164227Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000051 + ns2:C16809 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000051 + Magnetic resonance imaging test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000051 + A test used that uses magnetic resonance imaging to examine the radiofrequency waves and a strong magnetic field rather than x-rays to provide detailed pictures of internal organs and tissues. The technique is valuable for the diagnosis of many pathologic conditions, including cancer, heart and vascular disease, stroke, and joint and musculoskeletal disorders. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000051 + Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan, MRI Scan + + + + ns1:BIKO_000052 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000052 + 2022-10-19T18:42:41.371746Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000052 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000052 + Multicellular anatomical structure + + + + ns1:BIKO_000052 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000052 + An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000053 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000053 + 2022-11-09T08:32:27.458313Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000053 + Brain volume loss + + + + ns1:BIKO_000054 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000054 + 2022-11-09T13:57:03.226578Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000054 + hasForce + + + + ns1:BIKO_000055 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000055 + 2022-10-05T19:46:07.306332Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000055 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000055 + Nervous system + + + + ns1:BIKO_000055 + The nervous system is an organ system containing predominantly neuron and glial cells. In bilaterally symmetrical organism, it is arranged in a network of tree-like structures connected to a central body. The main functions of the nervous system are to regulate and control body functions, and to receive sensory input, process this information, and generate behavior [CUMBO]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000056 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000056 + 2022-10-05T19:47:39.519999Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000056 + ns2:C171083 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000056 + Organism attribute + + + + ns1:BIKO_000056 + ns2:C171083 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000056 + A characteristic or attribute inherent or inherited to an organism + + + + ns1:BIKO_000057 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000057 + 2022-10-05T19:47:53.733091Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000057 + http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000246 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000057 + Age + + + + ns1:BIKO_000057 + http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000246 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000057 + A temporal measurement of the time period elapsed since an identifiable point in the life cycle of an organism + + + + ns1:BIKO_000058 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000058 + 2022-10-05T19:48:05.334508Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000058 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28421 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000058 + Sex + + + + ns1:BIKO_000058 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28421 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000058 + The assemblage of physical properties or qualities by which male is distinguished from female; the physical difference between male and female; the distinguishing peculiarity of male or female. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000059 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000059 + 2022-10-05T19:48:16.265414Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000059 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000128 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000059 + Weight + + + + ns1:BIKO_000059 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000128, + + + + ns1:BIKO_000059 + A physical quality inhering in a bearer that has mass near a gravitational body. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000060 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000060 + 2022-11-07T17:50:40.199899Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000060 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000060 + Biological role + + + + ns1:BIKO_000060 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000060 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000485 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000060 + A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biological context. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000060 + biological function + + + + ns1:BIKO_000061 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000061 + 2022-10-05T19:49:44.470168Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000061 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17049 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000061 + Race + + + + ns1:BIKO_000061 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17049 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000061 + A geographic ancestral origin category that is assigned to a population group based mainly on physical characteristics that are thought to be distinct and inherent. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000062 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000062 + 2022-10-05T19:49:57.282063Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000062 + http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0005135 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000062 + Strain + + + + ns1:BIKO_000062 + http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0005135 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000062 + A population of organisms that is geneticaly different from others of the same species and possessing a set of defined characteristics. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000064 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000064 + 2022-10-05T19:50:33.493029Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000064 + http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000005 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000064 + Quality + + + + ns1:BIKO_000064 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000484 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000064 + An attribute that is intrinsically associated with its bearer (or its parts), but whose presence/absence and observed/measured value may vary. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000065 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000065 + 2022-10-05T19:50:48.453426Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000065 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000009 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000065 + Data label + + + + ns1:BIKO_000065 + An information content entity that is part of some data item and is used to partially define the denotation of that data item. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000067 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000067 + 2022-10-05T19:51:11.801921Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000067 + Directive information entity + + + + ns1:BIKO_000067 + An information content entity whose concretizations indicate to their bearer how to realize them in a process. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000068 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000068 + 2022-10-05T19:52:06.489421Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000068 + Brain + + + + ns1:BIKO_000069 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000069 + 2022-10-05T19:52:29.14814Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000069 + Artifact object + + + + ns1:BIKO_000071 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000071 + 2022-10-23T19:29:27.346103Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000071 + AnimalAgeVal + + + + ns1:BIKO_000072 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000072 + 2022-10-05T19:53:36.85123Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000072 + Traumatic brain injury model device + + + + ns1:BIKO_000073 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000073 + 2022-10-05T19:54:07.082044Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000073 + Planned process + + + + ns1:BIKO_000074 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000074 + 2022-11-09T08:37:59.952649Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000074 + Blast waves + + + + ns1:BIKO_000075 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000075 + 2022-10-05T19:54:31.162358Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000075 + Therapy + + + + ns1:BIKO_000076 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000076 + 2022-10-05T19:54:45.775974Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000076 + Experimental therapy + + + + ns1:BIKO_000077 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000077 + 2022-10-05T19:54:58.02484Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000077 + Citicoline + + + + ns1:BIKO_000078 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000078 + 2022-10-05T19:55:09.896856Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000078 + Hypothermia + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + Jin G, DeMoya MA, Duggan M, Knightly T, Mejaddam AY, Hwabejire J, Lu J, Smith WM, Kasotakis G, Velmahos GC, Socrate S, Alam HB. Traumatic brain injury and hemorrhagic shock: evaluation of different resuscitation strategies in a large animal model of combined insults. Shock. 2012 Jul;38(1):49-56. doi: 10.1097\/SHK.0b013e3182574778. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + Electromagnetic controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + Jin G,et al.,2012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + 50000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + 40–50 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + 40 - 50 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + Brain swelling, Total blood volume + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + Cerebral edema assessment + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + https://doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0b013e3182574778 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + 40000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + PMID:22575994 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + https://journals.lww.com/shockjournal/fulltext/2012/07000/traumatic_brain_injury_and_hemorrhagic_shock_.9.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000789 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000079 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000079 + 2022-10-05T19:55:24.329912Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000079 + Progesterone + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + Xiong LL, Hu Y, Zhang P, Zhang Z, Li LH, Gao GD, Zhou XF, Wang TH. Neural Stem Cell Transplantation Promotes Functional Recovery from Traumatic Brain Injury via Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Mediated NeuroplasticityMol Neurobiol. 2018 Mar;55(3):2696-2711. doi: 10.1007\/s12035-017-0551-1. Epub 2017 Apr 18. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + Electromagnetic controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + Xiong LL,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + 200–250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + 200 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Neurological function, RT-PCR, Western blot, Differential gene expression analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + Neurological assessment,Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Neurological evaluation,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),RT-PCR,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-017-0551-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + PMID:28421542 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-017-0551-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000790 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + Adelson PD, Fellows-Mayle W, Kochanek PM, Dixon CE. Morris water maze function and histologic characterization of two age-at-injury experimental models of controlled cortical impact in the immature ratChilds Nerv Syst. 2013 Jan;29(1):43-53. doi: 10.1007\/s00381-012-1932-4. Epub 2012 Oct 23. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + pneumatically controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + Adelson PD,et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + 2.45 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + day 7, 15–20 g, day 17, 33–40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + 15 - 20 g, 33 - 40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + Histology, Morris Water Maze (MWM) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + Behavioral test,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + Morris water maze (MWM),Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-012-1932-4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + 1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + 15 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + PMID:23089934 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00381-012-1932-4.pdf + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000791 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + Kim Y, Fu AH, Tucker LB, Liu J, McCabe JT. Characterization of controlled cortical impact devices by high-speed image analysisJ Neurosci Res. 2018 Apr;96(4):501-511. doi: 10.1002\/jnr.24099. Epub 2017 Jul 4. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + Electromagnetic controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + 11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + Kim Y,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + Impactor tip motion + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + Impactor tip motion + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + Impactor tip motion + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.24099 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + Impact On + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + PMID:28675644 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jnr.24099 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000792 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + Dixon CE, Clifton GL, Lighthall JW, Yaghmai AA, Hayes RL. A controlled cortical impact model of traumatic brain injury in the ratJ Neurosci Methods. 1991 Oct;39(3):253-62. doi: 10.1016\/0165-0270(91)90104-8. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + pneumatically controlled impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + Dixon CE,et al.,1991 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + 300-400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + Beam balance test, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Beam walk test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + Morris water maze (MWM),Beam walk test,Beam balance test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0270(91)90104-8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + Bioengineering Department at the Medical College of Virginia + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + PMID:1787745 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000793 + https://c/reader/sd/pii/0165027091901048?token=1CB1821819F06C6093E53A949A843943A8239D0DFB5588B5079B8059F5B4B721403A789E37672EBBF538A4C396EBDCF6&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20220408234011 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + Statler KD, Alexander H, Vagni V, Holubkov R, Dixon CE, Clark RS, Jenkins L, Kochanek PM. Isoflurane exerts neuroprotective actions at or near the time of severe traumatic brain injuryBrain Res. 2006 Mar 3;1076(1):216-24. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.12.106. Epub 2006 Feb 13. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + pneumatically controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + Statler KD,et al.,2006 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + 440 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + 300–440 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + 300 - 440 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + Beam walk test, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Beam balance test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + Morris water maze (MWM),Beam walk test,Beam balance test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2005.12.106 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + PMID:16473332 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0006899305019554?token=AB6606763CE23A7FA2902C0D1BC9AA760DD5379A3EC627ECEBE3EB4F41B5D5C38FC9B26ECFA6B1F0726208E893910705&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20220410075812 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000794 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + Ji X, Zhang W, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Tang P. Inhibition of p21-activated kinase 1 by IPA-3 attenuates secondary injury after traumatic brain injury in miceBrain Res. 2014 Oct 17;1585:13-22. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.08.026. Epub 2014 Aug 20. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + 14 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + Ji X,et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + 28–32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + PCR, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + Immunoassay, Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2014.08.026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + M.A Flierl’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + Inhibition of p21-activated kinase 1 by IPA-3attenuates secondary injury after traumatic braininjury in mice + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + PMID:25148711 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0006899314011019?token=36D721E2360FBCC831CBE548B0EFFB69301601DE88DC848505779775A881CC68FE3EDAE5A85D1A602C96A112F637EB40&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20220515010847 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000795 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + Thompson SN, Gibson TR, Thompson BM, Deng Y, Hall ED. Relationship of calpain-mediated proteolysis to the expression of axonal and synaptic plasticity markers following traumatic brain injury in miceExp Neurol. 2006 Sep;201(1):253-65. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.04.013. Epub 2006 Jun 30. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + pneumatically controlled impactor device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + 15 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + Thompson SN,et al.,2006 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + 31 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + 29–31 g, Young adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + Young adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + 29 - 31 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.04.013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + CF-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + CF-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + 29 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + PMID:16814284 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0014488606002603?token=6305D08075CEB103814FCAC71EE1DFF9C5D92780197C652C3B58D5C237B9A46F82E7F6186F3AC5D1906527BC776B9319&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20220410080256 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000796 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + Mychasiuk R, Hehar H, Esser MJ. A mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) induces secondary attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-like symptomology in young ratsBehav Brain Res. 2015 Jun 1;286:285-92. doi: 10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.03.010. Epub 2015 Mar 11. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + 16 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + Mychasiuk R,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + Beam walk test, open field test, Five serial choice reaction time task, time-to-right + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + Open field test,Five serial choice reaction time task,Beam walk test, Time-to-right + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2015.03.010 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + A mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) induces secondaryattention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-like symptomologyin young rats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + rat,rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + Sprague-Dawley,Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + Sprague-Dawley,Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + A mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) induces secondaryattention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-like symptomologyin young rats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + PMID:25771208 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000797 + https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0166432815001540?token=D44D2D2369CF6D0C9237B6B4413EC48A67249326547CAF101696508BA19F5B955CC36D88C5E395662D4BB4C5D31B70D6&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20220503204032 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + Songarj P, Luh C, Staib-Lasarzik I, Engelhard K, Moosmann B, Thal SC. The antioxidative, non-psychoactive tricyclic phenothiazine reduces brain damage after experimental traumatic brain injury in miceNeurosci Lett. 2015 Jan 1;584:253-8. doi: 10.1016\\/j.neulet.2014.10.037. Epub 2014 Oct 28. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + Controlled cortical impact device, pneumatically controlled impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + 17 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + Songarj P,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + 20 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + 18–20 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + 18 - 20 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + Histology, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), RT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + Molecular assay,Severity score,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + RT-PCR,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2014.10.037 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + 18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + PMID:25449871 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0304394014008490?token=A5557B5FC162D1197448E6D5C0FA970A5C5B491AB8AD511FE2F7329A3DAD6BB56A69064C0451B8AD4FDB59FF7630312C&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20220410075039 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000798 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + Mirzayan MJ, Probst C, Samii M, Krettek C, Gharabaghi A, Pape HC, van Griensven M, Samii A. Histopathological features of the brain, liver, kidney and spleen following an innovative polytrauma model of the mouseExp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Mar;64(3):133-9. doi: 10.1016\/j.etp.2010.07.007. Epub 2010 Aug 4. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + pneumatically controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + 18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + Mirzayan MJ,et al.,2012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + 23 ± 3.1 g, 8–10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etp.2010.07.007 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + PMID:20688496 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S094029931000117X?token=492356840A8A2C1F08B6987C1E1ADB3B1268D76844C8DE92208CCFA91F1503865309AADA311A4462D811FCC28C66C830&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20220410043244 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000799 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_000080 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000080 + 2022-10-05T19:55:44.929341Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000080 + Analytical method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + Choi BY, Kim JH, Kim HJ, Lee BE, Kim IY, Sohn M, Suh SW. Zinc chelation reduces traumatic brain injury-induced neurogenesis in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrusJ Trace Elem Med Biol. 2014 Oct;28(4):474-81. doi: 10.1016\/j.jtemb.2014.07.007. Epub 2014 Aug 4. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + Electromagnetic controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + 19 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + Choi BY,et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + 250–300 g, 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + 250 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Zinc staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Zinc staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.07.007 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + Impact OneTM Stereotaxic Impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + Zinc chelation reduces traumatic brain injury-induced neurogenesisin the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + PMID:25200616 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0946672X14001382?token=6F138EC8A8E71960D2B082DE4EE8D8401B5500C2364660E5B06B5EA166D48480837844E228798464D0509525506B806A&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20220515005041 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000800 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + King C, Robinson T, Dixon CE, Rao GR, Larnard D, Nemoto CE. Brain temperature profiles during epidural cooling with the ChillerPad in a monkey model of traumatic brain injuryJ Neurotrauma. 2010 Oct;27(10):1895-903. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2009.1178. Epub 2010 Sep 16. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + pneumatically controlled impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + King C,et al.,2010 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + 6900 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + 5.9 kg, 6.9 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + 5.9 kg, 6.9 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + Imaging + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2009.1178 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + monkey + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + Rhesus macaque + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + Rhesus macaque + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + 6000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + PMID:20684677 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2009.1178?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000801 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + Woertgen C, Rothoerl RD, Brawanski A. Neuron-specific enolase serum levels after controlled cortical impact injury in the ratJ Neurotrauma. 2001 May;18(5):569-73. doi: 10.1089\/089771501300227378. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + 27 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + Woertgen C,et al.,2001 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + 150-200 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + 150 - 200 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + Neuron-Specific Enolase Light Immuno Assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + Neuron specific enolase assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + Neuron specific enolase assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + https://doi.org/10.1089/089771501300227378 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + 150 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + PMID:11393260 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1089/089771501300227378?hmac=1649578960-bNxrMKb78IRHPLS3zM24dNR%2FRTnu03fIYNirclLs9Z0%3D + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000802 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + Lighthall JW. Controlled cortical impact: a new experimental brain injury modelJ Neurotrauma. 1988;5(1):1-15. doi: 10.1089\/neu.1988.5.1. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + pneumatically controlled impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + Lighthall JW,et al.,1988 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + 1500 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + 1.0-1.5kg, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + 1 - 1.5 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.1988.5.1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + ferret + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + 1000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + PMID:3193461 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1089/neu.1988.5.1?hmac=1649561282-h8YdSQVkTFerSqIgTyULJuhmBSyg2NEGtEssUUkLDgE%3D + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000803 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + Lighthall JW, Goshgarian HG, Pinderski CR. Characterization of axonal injury produced by controlled cortical impactJ Neurotrauma. 1990 Summer;7(2):65-76. doi: 10.1089\/neu.1990.7.65. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + stroke-constrained pneumatic cylinder + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + 29 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + Lighthall JW,et al.,1990 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + 1500 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + 1.0-1.5kg, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + 1 - 1.5 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.1990.7.65 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + ferret + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + 1000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + PMID:2376865 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1089/neu.1990.7.65?hmac=1649554195-VRMqvXKJuwd0WNzuELOMbtIFbERS0m4SvnnkG2wCT3s%3D + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000804 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + Smith DH, Soares HD, Pierce JS, Perlman KG, Saatman KE, Meaney DF, Dixon CE, McIntosh TK. A model of parasagittal controlled cortical impact in the mouse: cognitive and histopathologic effectsJ Neurotrauma. 1995 Apr;12(2):169-78. doi: 10.1089\/neu.1995.12.169. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + pneumatically controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + 31 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + Smith DH,et al.,1995 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + 25-32g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + 25 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + Histology, Morris Water Maze (MWM) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + Behavioral test,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + Morris water maze (MWM),Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.1995.12.169 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + Parasagittal Controlled cortical impact model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + PMID:7629863 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1089/neu.1995.12.169?hmac=1649575801-xbuvTHORzWH7xB%2B6J986zdgfdmy3ir16nz7YZjse4N8%3D + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000805 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + Sindelar B, Bailes J, Sherman S, Finan J, Stone J, Lee J, Ahmadian S, Zhou Y, Patel V, Smith D. Effect of Internal Jugular Vein Compression on Intracranial Hemorrhage in a Porcine Controlled Cortical Impact ModelJ Neurotrauma. 2017 Apr 15;34(8):1703-1709. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2016.4648. Epub 2016 Dec 16. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + Electromagnetic controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + 34 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + Sindelar B,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2016.4648 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + Leica ImpactOne + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + Leica + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + PMID:27573472 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/neu.2016.4648 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000806 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + Griesbach GS, Hovda DA, Gomez-Pinilla F, Sutton RL. Voluntary exercise or amphetamine treatment, but not the combination, increases hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor and synapsin I following cortical contusion injury in ratsNeuroscience. 2008 Jun 23;154(2):530-40. doi: 10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.04.003. Epub 2008 Apr 9. PMC2441485 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + 37 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + Griesbach GS,et al.,2008 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + 285 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + 285 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + 285 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neuroscience.2008.04.003 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + 285 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + PMID:18479829 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2441485/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000807 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + Sandhir R, Berman NE. Age-dependent response of CCAAT\/enhancer binding proteins following traumatic brain injury in miceNeurochem Int. 2010 Jan;56(1):188-93. doi: 10.1016\/j.neuint.2009.10.002. Epub 2009 Oct 13. PMC2815015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + Electromaticalic controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 39 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + Sandhir R,et al.,2010 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 21–24 months, 28–32 g, 5–6 months, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 5 - 6 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 5 - 6 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 22 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + RT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + RT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neuint.2009.10.002 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + microprocessor controller linear motor device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + Linmot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + Zurich, Switzerland + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 22 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + PMID:19833158 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2815015/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000808 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + Shitaka Y, Tran HT, Bennett RE, Sanchez L, Levy MA, Dikranian K, Brody DL. Repetitive closed-skull traumatic brain injury in mice causes persistent multifocal axonal injury and microglial reactivityJ Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2011 Jul;70(7):551-67. doi: 10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31821f891f. PMC3118973 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + electromagnetic stereotaxic impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + 41 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + Shitaka Y,et al.,2011 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + 6 to 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + Electron Microscopy, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + Immunofluorescence staining,Microscopy,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Electron microscope,Morris water maze (MWM) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + https://doi.org/10.1097%2FNEN.0b013e31821f891f + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + PMID:21666502 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3118973/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000809 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_000081 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000081 + 2022-10-05T19:55:55.272758Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000081 + Assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + Kilbaugh TJ, Bhandare S, Lorom DH, Saraswati M, Robertson CL, Margulies SS. Cyclosporin A preserves mitochondrial function after traumatic brain injury in the immature rat and pigletJ Neurotrauma. 2011 May;28(5):763-74. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2010.1635. Epub 2011 Apr 12. PMC3125546 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + 42 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + Kilbaugh TJ,et al.,2011 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + 1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + 3–5 days old, 9–10 days old, infant + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + 3 - 5 days, 9 - 10 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + Infant + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + 3 - 5 days, 9 - 10 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + Histology, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), microdialysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fneu.2010.1635 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + pig, rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + No strain reported, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + No strain reported, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + 0.45 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + PMID:21250918 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3125546/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000810 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + Kilbaugh TJ, Bhandare S, Lorom DH, Saraswati M, Robertson CL, Margulies SS. Cyclosporin A preserves mitochondrial function after traumatic brain injury in the immature rat and pigletJ Neurotrauma. 2011 May;28(5):763-74. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2010.1635. Epub 2011 Apr 12. PMC3125546 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + Inertial injury apparatus + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + 505 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + Kilbaugh TJ,et al.,2011 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + 1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + 3–5 days old, 9–10 days old, infant + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + 4 - 5 days, 9 - 10 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + Infant + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + 4 - 5 days, 9 - 10 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + Histology, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), microdialysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fneu.2010.1635 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + pig, rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + No strain reported, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + No strain reported, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + Rapid non-impact rotational injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + 0.45 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + PMID:21250918 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3125546/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000811 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + Pleasant JM, Carlson SW, Mao H, Scheff SW, Yang KH, Saatman KE. Rate of neurodegeneration in the mouse controlled cortical impact model is influenced by impactor tip shape: implications for mechanistic and therapeutic studiesJ Neurotrauma. 2011 Nov;28(11):2245-62. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2010.1499. Epub 2011 Apr 21. PMC3218388 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + pneumatic controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + 43 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + Pleasant JM,et al.,2011 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + 14 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + 12–14 weeks, 25–30 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + 12 - 14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + 12 - 14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + 25 - 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + Amyloid precursor protein, Cortical contusion volume, Immunoglobulin, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Neuroscore, Regional hippocampal neurodegeneration + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + Immunofluorescence staining,Morphology,Abnormal nervous system physiology,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Cortical contusion volume,Immunohistochemical analysis of IgG extravasation,Neuroscore,Morris water maze (MWM),Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Amyloid precursor protein + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fneu.2010.1499 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + TBI-0310 Impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + PMID:21341976 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3218388/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000812 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + Shin SS, Bray ER, Dixon CE. Effects of nicotine administration on striatal dopamine signaling after traumatic brain injury in ratsJ Neurotrauma. 2012 Mar 20;29(5):843-50. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2011.1966. Epub 2011 Oct 24. PMC3303095 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + 44 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + Shin SS,et al.,2012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + 280–350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + 280 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + Tyrosine Hydroxylase activity, Western blot, microdialysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + Immunoassay,Biochemical assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + Tyrosine hydroxylase activity,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fneu.2011.1966 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + PMID:21815786 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3303095/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000813 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + Washington PM, Forcelli PA, Wilkins T, Zapple DN, Parsadanian M, Burns MP. The effect of injury severity on behavior: a phenotypic study of cognitive and emotional deficits after mild, moderate, and severe controlled cortical impact injury in miceJ Neurotrauma. 2012 Sep;29(13):2283-96. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2012.2456. Epub 2012 Aug 3. PMC3430487 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + Electromaticalic controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + 45 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + Washington PM,et al.,2012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + 3-month, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + Acoustic startle response, Body curl test, Elevated-plus maze, Forced swim test, Lesion volume, Morris Water Maze (MWM), open field test, prepulse inhibition + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + Startle reflex,Morphology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + Forced swim test,Acoustic startle response,Open field test,Body curl test,Elevated plus maze,Morris water maze (MWM),Lesion Volume + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fneu.2012.2456 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + Leica Impact One Stereotaxic Impactor device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + Leica + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + PMID:22642287 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3430487/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000814 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + Hemerka JN, Wu X, Dixon CE, Garman RH, Exo JL, Shellington DK, Blasiole B, Vagni VA, Janesko-Feldman K, Xu M, Wisniewski SR, Bayır H, Jenkins LW, Clark RS, Tisherman SA, Kochanek PM. Severe brief pressure-controlled hemorrhagic shock after traumatic brain injury exacerbates functional deficits and long-term neuropathological damage in miceJ Neurotrauma. 2012 Aug 10;29(12):2192-208. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2011.2303. PMC3472682 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + pneumatic impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + 46 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + Hemerka JN,et al.,2012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + 15 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + 12–15 weeks, 27.92±0.96 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + 12 - 15 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + 12 - 15 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + 26.96 - 28.88 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + Intracranial pressure (ICP), Morris Water Maze (MWM), arterial blood gas, blood urea nitrogen, calcium, glucose, hematocrit, hemoglobin, lactate, lesion volme, hemispheric volume, magnesium, neuropathology, osmolarity, potassium, sodium + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + Tissue assay,Biochemical assay,Cerebrospinal fluid pressure,Imaging,Morphology,Blood measurement,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + Glucose levels,Blood nitrogen analysis (Blood NO),Intracranial pressure (ICP),Lactate levels,Morris water maze (MWM),Calcium imaging assay,Lesion Volume,Arterial blood gas test,Neuropathology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fneu.2011.2303 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + Bimba + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + Monee, IL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + PMID:22738159 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3472682/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000815 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + Shin SS, Bales JW, Yan HQ, Kline AE, Wagner AK, Lyons-Weiler J, Dixon CE. The effect of environmental enrichment on substantia nigra gene expression after traumatic brain injury in ratsJ Neurotrauma. 2013 Feb 15;30(4):259-70. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2012.2462. Epub 2013 Feb 5. PMC3579325 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + pneumatic cylinder + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + 48 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + Shin SS,et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + 325 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + 300–325 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + 300 - 325 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + RT-PCR, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + Immunoassay,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + RT-PCR,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fneu.2012.2462 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + PMID:23094804 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3579325/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000816 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + Petraglia AL, Plog BA, Dayawansa S, Chen M, Dashnaw ML, Czerniecka K, Walker CT, Viterise T, Hyrien O, Iliff JJ, Deane R, Nedergaard M, Huang JH. The spectrum of neurobehavioral sequelae after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury: a novel mouse model of chronic traumatic encephalopathyJ Neurotrauma. 2014 Jul 1;31(13):1211-24. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2013.3255. Epub 2014 Jun 12. PMC4082360 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + 55 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + Petraglia AL,et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + Electroencephalography, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Porsolt forced swim test, electromyography, elevated plus maze, tail suspension test, wire grip test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + Physiological assay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + Wire grip test,Electromyography,Electroencephalography (EEG),Tail suspension test,Morris water maze (MWM),Elevated plus maze test,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fneu.2013.3255 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + Pittsburgh Precision Instruments + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + PMID:24766454 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000817 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4082360/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + Shein SL, Shellington DK, Exo JL, Jackson TC, Wisniewski SR, Jackson EK, Vagni VA, Bayır H, Clark RS, Dixon CE, Janesko-Feldman KL, Kochanek PM. Hemorrhagic shock shifts the serum cytokine profile from pro- to anti-inflammatory after experimental traumatic brain injury in miceJ Neurotrauma. 2014 Aug 15;31(16):1386-95. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2013.2985. PMC4186809 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + pneumatically controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + 57 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + Shein SL,et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + 15 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + 12–15 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + 12 - 15 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + 12 - 15 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fneu.2013.2985 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + PMID:24773520 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4186809/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000818 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + Li W, Long JA, Watts LT, Jiang Z, Shen Q, Li Y, Duong TQ. A quantitative MRI method for imaging blood-brain barrier leakage in experimental traumatic brain injuryPLoS One. 2014 Dec 5;9(12):e114173. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0114173. eCollection 2014. PMC4257611 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + pneumatically controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + 58 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + Li W,et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + 250–350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + 250 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + Histology, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + Imaging,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114173 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + PMID: 25478693 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + A Quantitative MRI Method for Imaging Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + PMID:25478693 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4257611/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000819 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000082 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000082 + 2022-10-05T19:56:08.28947Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000082 + Chromatography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + Goddeyne C, Nichols J, Wu C, Anderson T. Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury induces ventriculomegaly and cortical thinning in juvenile ratsJ Neurophysiol. 2015 May 1;113(9):3268-80. doi: 10.1152\/jn.00970.2014. Epub 2015 Feb 18. PMC4440238 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + 60 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + Goddeyne C,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + 20-day-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + 20 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + 20 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + Electrophysiological, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Immunofluorescence + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + Immunofluorescence staining,Imaging,Electric potential + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + Immunofluorescence staining,Electrophysiological assessment,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + https://doi.org/10.1152%2Fjn.00970.2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury induces ventriculomegaly and cortical thinning in juvenile rats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury induces ventriculomegaly and cortical thinning in juvenile rats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + PMID:25695652 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4440238/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000820 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + Cheng T, Yang B, Li D, Ma S, Tian Y, Qu R, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Hu K, Guan F, Wang J. Wharton's Jelly Transplantation Improves Neurologic Function in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain InjuryCell Mol Neurobiol. 2015 Jul;35(5):641-9. doi: 10.1007\/s10571-015-0159-9. Epub 2015 Feb 1. PMC4481175 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + 61 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + Cheng T,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + 260 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + 240 ± 20 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + 220 - 260 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + Brain water content, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Neurologic Deficit Scoring, Western Blot, Novel object recognition test, RT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + Immunoassay,Cerebral edema assessment,Molecular assay,Neurological assessment,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Brain water content,Morris water maze (MWM),RT-PCR,Western blot,Neurologic Deficit Scoring + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10571-015-0159-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + Wharton's jelly transplantation improves neurologic function in a rat model of traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + Wharton's jelly transplantation improves neurologic function in a rat model of traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + 220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + PMID:25638565 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4481175/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000821 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + Song S, Kong X, Acosta S, Sava V, Borlongan C, Sanchez-Ramos J. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor promotes behavioral recovery in a mouse model of traumatic brain injuryJ Neurosci Res. 2016 May;94(5):409-23. doi: 10.1002\/jnr.23714. Epub 2016 Jan 29. PMC4805459 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + pneumatically operated TBI device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + 64 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + Song S,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + 30–40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + 30 - 40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + Cytokine Assay, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), astrocytic, hippocampal neurogenesis, microglia responses, radial arm water maze, Rotarod + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + Neurogenesis,Analyte assay,Immunofluorescence staining,Neuroanatomical assessment,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Astrogliosis,Radial arm water maze,Rotarod test,hippocampal neurogenesis,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Cytokine assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fjnr.23714 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + Pittsburgh Precision Instruments + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + USA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + PMID:26822127 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4805459/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000822 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + Midura EF, Jernigan PL, Kuethe JW, Friend LA, Veile R, Makley AT, Caldwell CC, Goodman MD. Microparticles impact coagulation after traumatic brain injuryJ Surg Res. 2015 Jul;197(1):25-31. doi: 10.1016\/j.jss.2015.02.064. Epub 2015 Mar 5. PMC5857955 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + 71 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + Midura EF,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + 20–28 g, 6 and 8 wk + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + 6 weeks, 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + 6 weeks, 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + 20 - 28 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + Rotational thromboelastometry + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + Blood measurement + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + Rotational thromboelastometry + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jss.2015.02.064 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + Microparticles impact coagulation after traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + Microparticles impact coagulation after traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + 20 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + PMID:25846728 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5857955/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000823 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + Osier ND, Pham L, Pugh BJ, Puccio A, Ren D, Conley YP, Alexander S, Dixon CE. Brain injury results in lower levels of melatonin receptors subtypes MT1 and MT2Neurosci Lett. 2017 May 22;650:18-24. doi: 10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.03.053. Epub 2017 Apr 2. PMC5886725 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + pneumatic controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + 72 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + Osier ND,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + Colorimetry assay,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + Western blot,Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neulet.2017.03.053 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + PMID:28377323 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000824 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5886725/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + Schwerin SC, Hutchinson EB, Radomski KL, Ngalula KP, Pierpaoli CM, Juliano SL. Establishing the ferret as a gyrencephalic animal model of traumatic brain injury: Optimization of controlled cortical impact proceduresJ Neurosci Methods. 2017 Jun 15;285:82-96. doi: 10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2017.05.010. Epub 2017 May 10. PMC6320441 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + Electromagnetic controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + 74 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + Schwerin SC,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + Adhesive tape detection test, Gait, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Novel object recognition test, Open field test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,Gait analysis,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),Adhesion Removal Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jneumeth.2017.05.010 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + ferret + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + Leica Impact One + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + PMID:28499842 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000825 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6320441/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + Lopez-Rodriguez AB, Acaz-Fonseca E, Giatti S, Caruso D, Viveros MP, Melcangi RC, Garcia-Segura LM. Correlation of brain levels of progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone with neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury in female micePsychoneuroendocrinology. 2015 Jun;56:1-11. doi: 10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2015.02.018. Epub 2015 Mar 3. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + 89 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + Lopez-Rodriguez AB,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + 28–32 g, 63 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + 63 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + 63 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + Neurological score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + Neurological assessment + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.02.018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + Correlation of brain levels of progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone with neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury in female mice + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + Swiss Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + Swiss + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + Correlation of brain levels of progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone with neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury in female mice + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + PMID:25770855 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306453015000803 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000826 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + Chen MM, Zhao GW, He P, Jiang ZL, Xi X, Xu SH, Ma DM, Wang Y, Li YC, Wang GH. Improvement in the neural stem cell proliferation in rats treated with modified \Shengyu\ decoction may contribute to the neurorestorationJ Ethnopharmacol. 2015 May 13;165:9-19. doi: 10.1016\/j.jep.2015.02.037. Epub 2015 Feb 20. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + open skull weight drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + 90 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + Chen MM,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + 250–300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + 250 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + Cytokine Assay, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), hippocampal neurogenesis, microglia response, radial arm water maze, Rotarod + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + Neurogenesis,Analyte assay,Immunofluorescence staining,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Radial arm water maze,Rotarod test,hippocampal neurogenesis,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Cytokine assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.037 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + Improvement in the neural stem cell proliferation in rats treated with modified “Shengyu” decoction may contribute to the neurorestoration + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + Improvement in the neural stem cell proliferation in rats treated with modified “Shengyu” decoction may contribute to the neurorestoration + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + PMID:25704929 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874115001166 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000827 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + Eslami M, Ghanbari E, Sayyah M, Etemadi F, Choopani S, Soleimani M, Amiri Z, Hadjighassem M. Traumatic brain injury accelerates kindling epileptogenesis in ratsNeurol Res. 2016 Mar;38(3):269-74. doi: 10.1179\/1743132815Y.0000000086. Epub 2016 Apr 19. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + pneumatic controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + 92 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + Eslami M,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + 250–280 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + 250 - 280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + Depth of injured tissue + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + Morphology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + Depth of injured tissue + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + https://doi.org/10.1179/1743132815Y.0000000086 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + Model AMS 201 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + AmScien Instruments + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + PMID:26315855 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1179/1743132815Y.0000000086 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000828 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Kaur A, Jaiswal G, Brar J, Kumar P. Neuroprotective effect of nerolidol in traumatic brain injury associated behavioural comorbidities in ratsToxicol Res (Camb). 2021 Jan 5;10(1):40-50. doi: 10.1093\/toxres\/tfaa100. eCollection 2021 Jan. PMC7885190 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + 97 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Kaur A,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + 200–300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + 200 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Actophotometer, Acetylcholinesterase Activity, Estimation of nitrite, Estimation of protein, Estimation of reduced glutathione, Estimation of superoxide dismutase, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Preference index, degree of lipid peroxidation , hidden platform task, object recognition task, probe trial, Rotarod + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Biochemical assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Griess reagent ,Acetylcholinesterase Activity,Actophotometer test,Superoxide dismutase analysis,Rotarod test,Degree of lipid peroxidation,Object recognition test ,Biuret reagent,Morris water maze (MWM),Reduced glutathione assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + https://doi.org/10.1093/toxres/tfaa100 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + sex + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + sex + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Wistar rats (either sex) weighed 200–300 gm were obtained from the Central Animal House facility of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab (India). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Wistar rats (either sex) weighed 200–300 gm were obtained from the Central Animal House facility of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab (India). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Central Animal House facility of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab (India) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Wistar rats (either sex) weighed 200–300 gm were obtained from the Central Animal House facility of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab (India). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + A mixture of Tween 80 and normal saline was used as a solvent to dissolve NRD. Drug treatment was started on the 15th day (i.e. 14 days after induction of injury) and continued until the 28th day of the study, Group 3:- TBI + NRD (25 mg/kg, i.p.)Group 4:- TBI + NRD (50 mg/kg, i.p.)Group 5:- TBI + NRD (100 mg/kg, i.p.) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + Marmarou’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + PMID:33613971 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + https://academic.oup.com/toxres/article/10/1/40/6046953 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000829 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000083 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000083 + 2022-10-05T19:56:19.982215Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000083 + Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Kahriman A, Bouley J, Smith TW, Bosco DA, Woerman AL, Henninger N. Mouse closed head traumatic brain injury replicates the histological tau pathology pattern of human disease: characterization of a novel model and systematic review of the literatureActa Neuropathol Commun. 2021 Jun 29;9(1):118. doi: 10.1186\/s40478-021-01220-8. PMC8243463 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 98 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Kahriman A,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 29 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 26.8 ± 2.6 g, 8–12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 8 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 8 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 24.2 - 29.4 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Image acquisition, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Microscopy, reflex, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Prussian blue + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Microscopy,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Image analysis,Microscopy,Prussian blue staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + https://doi.org/10.1186/s40478-021-01220-8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Male C57BL/6 J mice (Jackson Laboratories) were socially housed with same-sex mice (n = 4 per cage) on 12-h light/dark cycle with food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Male C57BL/6 J mice (Jackson Laboratories) were socially housed with same-sex mice (n = 4 per cage) on 12-h light/dark cycle with food and water ad libitum., Mice were randomly allocated to sham surgery versus rTBI except for 4 mice allowed to survive for 24-weeks after rTBI, which were added to gain insight into the longer-term evolution of p-Tau and associated pathology. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Jackson Laboratories + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Male C57BL/6 J mice (Jackson Laboratories) were socially housed with same-sex mice (n = 4 per cage) on 12-h light/dark cycle with food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + TBI was produced using a weight drop device as previously described in detail [11, 31] with the modification that animals were subjected to TBI or sham injury once daily for 5 consecutive days. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 50 g weight was freely dropped 15 cm to strike a cylindrical polyacetal transducer rod (Delrin©, tip-diameter 2 mm, 17.4 g) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Briefly, a 50 g weight was freely dropped 15 cm to strike a cylindrical polyacetal transducer rod (Delrin©, tip-diameter 2 mm, 17.4 g) that was placed with its tip directly on the exposed skull (target 2.5 mm posterior and 2.5 mm lateral from Bregma). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) related pathology as + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + 24 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + PMID:34187585 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + https://actaneurocomms.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40478-021-01220-8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000830 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + Ahmed F, Gyorgy A, Kamnaksh A, Ling G, Tong L, Parks S, Agoston D. Time-dependent changes of protein biomarker levels in the cerebrospinal fluid after blast traumatic brain injuryElectrophoresis. 2012 Dec;33(24):3705-11. doi: 10.1002\/elps.201200299. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + blast-tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + 100 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + Ahmed F,et al.,2012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + 50000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + 40 and 50 kg, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + 40 kg, 50 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.201200299 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + Time-dependent changes of protein biomarker levels in the cerebrospinal fluid after blast traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + exposed to a single mild (24–37 psi, average 28.2 psi; N = 9) or moderate (40–52 psi, average 46.6 psi; N = 16) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + Blast overpressure exposure model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + 40000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + PMID:23161535 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/elps.201200299 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000831 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + Singh K, Trivedi R, Haridas S, Manda K, Khushu S. Study of neurometabolic and behavioral alterations in rodent model of mild traumatic brain injury: a pilot studyNMR Biomed. 2016 Dec;29(12):1748-1758. doi: 10.1002\/nbm.3627. Epub 2016 Oct 25. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 101 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + Singh K,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 200–250 g, 8–10 weeks, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 200 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 1H-MRS, Beam walk test, LC Model, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Novel object recognition test, Open field exploratory + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + Imaging,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,Beam walk test,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.3627 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + Eighty-two adult, male, Sprague–Dawley rats (8–10 weeks; 200–250 g), housed (23 ± 1°C, 50% ± 5% humidity and 12-h/12-h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water, were used during the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + Eighty-two adult, male, Sprague–Dawley rats (8–10 weeks; 200–250 g), housed (23 ± 1°C, 50% ± 5% humidity and 12-h/12-h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water, were used during the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + Eighty-two adult, male, Sprague–Dawley rats (8–10 weeks; 200–250 g), housed (23 ± 1°C, 50% ± 5% humidity and 12-h/12-h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water, were used during the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + It consisted of a 450-g brass rod in an acrylic tube of 1 m held in place over an iron stand. The brass rod was held at a height of 25 cm through a thread to allow its free fall by gravity. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + It consisted of a 450-g brass rod in an acrylic tube of 1 m held in place over an iron stand. The brass rod was held at a height of 25 cm through a thread to allow its free fall by gravity. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + PMID:27779341 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nbm.3627 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000832 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + Xu K, Yang Z, Shi R, Luo C, Zhang Z. Expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in rat brain lesions following traumatic brain injuryDiagn Pathol. 2016 Aug 9;11(1):72. doi: 10.1186\/s13000-016-0522-2. PMC4977631 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + 105 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + Xu K,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + https://doi.org/10.1186/s13000-016-0522-2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + The brain libraries of the control group and the experiment group of rats used in this study have been described previously [20]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + Lewis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + Lewis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + PMID:27506546 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000833 + https://diagnosticpathology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13000-016-0522-2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + Tweedie D, Karnati HK, Mullins R, Pick CG, Hoffer BJ, Goetzl EJ, Kapogiannis D, Greig NH. Time-dependent cytokine and chemokine changes in mouse cerebral cortex following a mild traumatic brain injuryElife. 2020 Aug 17;9:e55827. doi: 10.7554\/eLife.55827. PMC7473773 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + closed-scalp head trauma device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + 106 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + Tweedie D,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + 6–8 weeks old, approximately 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + RayBiotech cytokine array, SOMA scan assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + Analyte assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + RayBiotech cytokine array, SOMA scan assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.55827 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + Specifically, male CD-1 mice, 6–8 weeks old (weighing approximately 30 g) were housed five to a cage under a 12 hr light/dark cycle (constant temperature 22°C) with food (Purina rodent chow) and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + Specifically, male CD-1 mice, 6–8 weeks old (weighing approximately 30 g) were housed five to a cage under a 12 hr light/dark cycle (constant temperature 22°C) with food (Purina rodent chow) and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + CD-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + CD-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + Specifically, male CD-1 mice, 6–8 weeks old (weighing approximately 30 g) were housed five to a cage under a 12 hr light/dark cycle (constant temperature 22°C) with food (Purina rodent chow) and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + weight (30 g), inside a metal tube device (inner diameter 13 mm) from a height of 80 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + The injury was induced by dropping a 1 cm diameter blunted flat cylindrical metal weight (30 g), inside a metal tube device (inner diameter 13 mm) from a height of 80 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + Mouse sample treatment/time points following mTBI for cerebral cortex (CTX) and plasma-sampled, neuronally enriched EV samples. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + PMID:32804078 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + https://elifesciences.org/articles/55827 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000834 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + Park CO, Yi HG. Apoptotic change and NOS activity in the experimental animal diffuse axonal injury modelYonsei Med J. 2001 Oct;42(5):518-26. doi: 10.3349\/ymj.2001.42.5.518. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + Marmarou's weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + 107 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + Park CO,et al.,2001 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + RT-PCR, TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + Molecular assay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + RT-PCR,TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.55827 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + Apoptotic Change and NOS Activity in the Experimental Animal Diffuse Axonal Injury Model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + PMID:11675680 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000835 + https://eymj.org/DOIx.php?id=10.3349/ymj.2001.42.5.518 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + Clark AT, Abrahamson EE, Harper MM, Ikonomovic MD. Chronic effects of blast injury on the microvasculature in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease related Aβ amyloidosisFluids Barriers CNS. 2022 Jan 10;19(1):5. doi: 10.1186\/s12987-021-00301-z. PMC8751260 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + blast shock tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + 108 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + Clark AT,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + 15 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + 76–106 days, 3 months of age, 4 to 6 months of age, 442–455 days, The mice were then sacrificed after either 3-months survival (around 6 months of age; range: 165–189 days) or 12-months survival (around 15 months of age; range: 442–455 days)., adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + 76 - 106 days, 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + 76 - 106 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + Amyloid burden, Astrocytic end feet contacts estimation, Capillary density estimation, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Pericyte estimation, Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + Immunofluorescence staining,Neuroanatomical assessment,Histology,Cardiac function,Abnormal nervous system physiology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + Capillary density estimation,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Astrocytic end feet estimation,Histology,Amyloid burden + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + https://doi.org/10.1186/s12987-021-00301-z + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + Chronic effects of blast injury on the microvasculature in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease related Aβ amyloidosis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + C57BL/6-C3F1/J transgenic + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + The blast pressure wave was generated in an enclosed blast chamber which was divided in two parts, with a 13-cm diameter opening between the chamber halves, To create the blast wave, compressed room air was pumped into the pressurized side of the tank to 20 psi, the pressure at which the membrane ruptures. Using this model, a complex blast wave without a negative pressure component was produced as described [43] with the following characteristics: 137.8 ± 1.3 kPa (~ 20 psi) peak overpressure at the point of exposure (i.e., the head, the body of the animal was shielded from the blast wind) and a 10- to 15-ms blast duration + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + The blast pressure wave was generated in an enclosed blast chamber which was divided in two parts, with a 13-cm diameter opening between the chamber halves, as described previously [43, 44, 89]., To create the blast wave, compressed room air was pumped into the pressurized side of the tank to 20 psi, the pressure at which the membrane ruptures. Using this model, a complex blast wave without a negative pressure component was produced as described [43] with the following characteristics: 137.8 ± 1.3 kPa (~ 20 psi) peak overpressure at the point of exposure (i.e., the head, the body of the animal was shielded from the blast wind) and a 10- to 15-ms blast duration [43, 89]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + 11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + PMID:35012589 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + https://fluidsbarrierscns.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12987-021-00301-z + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000836 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + Harper MM, Boehme N, Dutca LM, Anderson MG. The Retinal Ganglion Cell Response to Blast-Mediated Traumatic Brain Injury Is Genetic Background DependentInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2021 Jun 1;62(7):13. doi: 10.1167\/iovs.62.7.13. PMC8196410 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + blast chamber + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + 109 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + Harper MM,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + eight weeks of age + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + Immunohistochemical, Tomography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Tomography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.62.7.13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + The Retinal Ganglion Cell Response to Blast-Mediated Traumatic Brain Injury Is Genetic Background Dependent + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + An enclosed blast chamber was used for these studies, one half of which was pressurized, with a 13 cm diameter opening between the chamber halves, The unpressurized side of the tank contained a padded polyvinyl chloride (PVC) protective restraint for positioning of an anesthetized mouse (see Mohan et al., 201326 for diagram). To create the blast wave, air was pumped into the pressurized side of the tank to 20 PSI. Using this model, a blast wave is produced with the following characteristics after rupture of 20 PSI membranes: 140.92 ± 10.82 kPa peak pressure with a 7.0 ± 2.09 ms positive phase duration. The pressure was measured using a sensor of 1 cm in diameter placed directly below the head of the mouse. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + An enclosed blast chamber was used for these studies, one half of which was pressurized, with a 13 cm diameter opening between the chamber halves, as described previously.25–33, The unpressurized side of the tank contained a padded polyvinyl chloride (PVC) protective restraint for positioning of an anesthetized mouse (see Mohan et al., 201326 for diagram). To create the blast wave, air was pumped into the pressurized side of the tank to 20 PSI. Using this model, a blast wave is produced with the following characteristics after rupture of 20 PSI membranes: 140.92 ± 10.82 kPa peak pressure with a 7.0 ± 2.09 ms positive phase duration. The pressure was measured using a sensor of 1 cm in diameter placed directly below the head of the mouse. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + PMID:34106210 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2772681 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000837 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + Baratz R, Tweedie D, Wang JY, Rubovitch V, Luo W, Hoffer BJ, Greig NH, Pick CG. Transiently lowering tumor necrosis factor-α synthesis ameliorates neuronal cell loss and cognitive impairments induced by minimal traumatic brain injury in miceJ Neuroinflammation. 2015 Mar 7;12:45. doi: 10.1186\/s12974-015-0237-4. PMC4352276 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 111 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + Baratz R,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 30 to 40 g, 6 to 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 30 - 40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + open field test, CORT level, Novel object recognition test, foot fault test, Immunofluorescence, NeuN staining, Cresyl violet staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + Behavioral test,Immunofluorescence staining,Hormone measurement,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,Immunofluorescence staining,Cortisol Measurement,Cresyl violet staining,NeuN staining,Foot fault test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-015-0237-4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + Male ICR mice (30 to 40 g of weight and 6 to 8 weeks of age) were bred and raised within the vivarium of Tel Aviv University, Israel, originally derived from breeding pairs purchased from HSD Jerusalem, Israel. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + Male ICR mice (30 to 40 g of weight and 6 to 8 weeks of age) were bred and raised within the vivarium of Tel Aviv University, Israel, originally derived from breeding pairs purchased from HSD Jerusalem, Israel. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + HSD Jerusalem, Israel + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + Male ICR mice (30 to 40 g of weight and 6 to 8 weeks of age) were bred and raised within the vivarium of Tel Aviv University, Israel, originally derived from breeding pairs purchased from HSD Jerusalem, Israel. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + Mice were subjected to mTBI using a weight drop device that has previously been described [44-46]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + weight drop apparatus comprised of a cylindrical-shaped 50-g piece of metal with a rounded spherical tip, which was dropped through a vertical metal guide tube (diameter 13 mm × length 80 cm) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + The weight drop apparatus comprised of a cylindrical-shaped 50-g piece of metal with a rounded spherical tip, which was dropped through a vertical metal guide tube (diameter 13 mm × length 80 cm). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 3,6′-dithiothalidomide + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + Either 3,6′-dithiothalidomide or similarly prepared vehicle was administered by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route from 1 to 18 h post injury or sham procedure, depending on the measures evaluated (whether for ELISA, immunohistochemistry, or behavioral studies). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + PMID:25879458 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-015-0237-4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000838 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Febinger HY, Thomasy HE, Pavlova MN, Ringgold KM, Barf PR, George AM, Grillo JN, Bachstetter AD, Garcia JA, Cardona AE, Opp MR, Gemma C. Time-dependent effects of CX3CR1 in a mouse model of mild traumatic brain injuryJ Neuroinflammation. 2015 Sep 2;12:154. doi: 10.1186\/s12974-015-0386-5. PMC4557842 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Electromagnetic controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + 112 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Febinger HY,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + 3-month-old, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Immunoassay, Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-015-0386-5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Time-dependent effects of CX3CR1 in a mouse model of mild traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + C57BL/6J (transgenic) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Leica Impact One + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Impact velocity was set at 5.0 m/s, with a dwell time of 100 ms, and a depth of 0.5 mm from the dura, electrically driven 3-mm diameter metal piston controlled by a linear velocity displacement transducer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Impact velocity was set at 5.0 m/s, with a dwell time of 100 ms, and a depth of 0.5 mm from the dura. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Leica Impact One + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + Richmond, IL, USA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + PMID:26329692 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-015-0386-5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000839 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_000084 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000084 + 2022-10-05T19:56:31.153396Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000084 + Microscopy + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Israel I, Ohsiek A, Al-Momani E, Albert-Weissenberger C, Stetter C, Mencl S, Buck AK, Kleinschnitz C, Samnick S, Sirén AL. Combined [(18)F]DPA-714 micro-positron emission tomography and autoradiography imaging of microglia activation after closed head injury in miceJ Neuroinflammation. 2016 Jun 7;13(1):140. doi: 10.1186\/s12974-016-0604-9. PMC4897946 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + 113 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Israel I,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + 15 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + 10–15-week-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + 10 - 15 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + 10 - 15 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Autoradiography, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), hematoxylin and eosin, μPET + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining,Severity score,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Micro-positron emission tomography (μPET),Hematoxylin and eosin stain,Autoradiography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-016-0604-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Male 10–15-week-old C57BL/6N mice were purchased from Charles River (Sulzfeld, Germany) and maintained in the animal facility of the University of Würzburg, Department of Neurology. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Male 10–15-week-old C57BL/6N mice were purchased from Charles River (Sulzfeld, Germany) and maintained in the animal facility of the University of Würzburg, Department of Neurology. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + C57BL/6N + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Charles River (Sulzfeld, Germany) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Male 10–15-week-old C57BL/6N mice were purchased from Charles River (Sulzfeld, Germany) and maintained in the animal facility of the University of Würzburg, Department of Neurology. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + TBI was induced by a falling weight (95 g) with a silicone-covered blunt tip onto the skull from the height of 3 cm (n = 14, 8 classified as mTBI, 6 classified as TBI) to 4 cm (n = 29, 16 classified as mTBI and 19 classified as TBI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + After identification of the impact area over the right fronto-parietal cortex, TBI was induced by a falling weight (95 g) with a silicone-covered blunt tip onto the skull from the height of 3 cm (n = 14, 8 classified as mTBI, 6 classified as TBI) to 4 cm (n = 29, 16 classified as mTBI and 19 classified as TBI). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + Closed head injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + PMID:27266706 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-016-0604-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000840 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Farr SA, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E, Campolo M, Niehoff ML, Doyle TM, Salvemini D. Adenosine A(3) receptor as a novel therapeutic target to reduce secondary events and improve neurocognitive functions following traumatic brain injuryJ Neuroinflammation. 2020 Nov 12;17(1):339. doi: 10.1186\/s12974-020-02009-7. PMC7659122 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 114 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Farr SA,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 10 and 12 weeks, 25 to 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 10 weeks, 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 10 weeks, 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 25 - 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Elevated plus maze test, Histology, Novel object recognition test, Open field test, T-Maze, Western blot, infarct volume + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Histology,Immunoassay,Morphology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,T maze test,Histology,Infarct volume,Elevated plus maze test,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-020-02009-7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Male CD1 mice were used at 10 and 12 weeks of age (25 to 30 g) from Envigo (Italy) for controlled cortical impact TBI studies (Study 1) or from Charles River (Wilmington, MA) for closed-head weight drop TBI studies (Study 2). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Male CD1 mice were used at 10 and 12 weeks of age (25 to 30 g) from Envigo (Italy) for controlled cortical impact TBI studies (Study 1) or from Charles River (Wilmington, MA) for closed-head weight drop TBI studies (Study 2). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + CD-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + CD-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Charles River (Wilmington, MA), Envigo (Italy) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Male CD1 mice were used at 10 and 12 weeks of age (25 to 30 g) from Envigo (Italy) for controlled cortical impact TBI studies (Study 1) or from Charles River (Wilmington, MA) for closed-head weight drop TBI studies (Study 2). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Traumatic brain injury was induced in mice by a controlled cortical impactor (CCI) as previously described [35, 36]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 30-g acrylic weight was dropped down the Plexiglas tube from an 80 cm height + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + A 30-g acrylic weight was dropped down the Plexiglas tube from an 80 cm height, striking the head in area encompassing right of the central suture, behind bregma and in front of lambda on the parietal lobe. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Mice were administered i.p. injections of MRS5980 (1 mg/kg) after 1 h and every 2 days for the duration of the study (n = 11)., Mice were randomly allocated into the following groups: (1) sham: mice were subjected to equal surgical procedures except for TBI and were kept under anesthesia for the duration of the surgery (n = 25); (2) TBI: mice were subjected to brain injury then administered an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of vehicle (saline at 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) 1 h and 4 h after trauma (n = 25) and (3) TBI + MRS5980: mice were subjected to brain injury then administered an i.p. injection of MRS5980 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) 1 h and 4 h after trauma (n = 25). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + Closed head weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + PMID:33183330 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-020-02009-7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000841 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Farr SA, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E, Campolo M, Niehoff ML, Doyle TM, Salvemini D. Adenosine A(3) receptor as a novel therapeutic target to reduce secondary events and improve neurocognitive functions following traumatic brain injuryJ Neuroinflammation. 2020 Nov 12;17(1):339. doi: 10.1186\/s12974-020-02009-7. PMC7659122 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 506 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Farr SA,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 10 and 12 weeks, 25 to 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 10 weeks, 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 10 weeks, 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 25 - 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Elevated plus maze test, Histology, Novel object recognition test, Open field test, T-Maze, Western blot, infarct volume + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Histology,Immunoassay,Morphology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,T maze test,Histology,Infarct volume,Elevated plus maze test,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-020-02009-7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Male CD1 mice were used at 10 and 12 weeks of age (25 to 30 g) from Envigo (Italy) for controlled cortical impact TBI studies (Study 1) or from Charles River (Wilmington, MA) for closed-head weight drop TBI studies (Study 2). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Male CD1 mice were used at 10 and 12 weeks of age (25 to 30 g) from Envigo (Italy) for controlled cortical impact TBI studies (Study 1) or from Charles River (Wilmington, MA) for closed-head weight drop TBI studies (Study 2). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + CD-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + CD-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Charles River (Wilmington, MA), Envigo (Italy) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Male CD1 mice were used at 10 and 12 weeks of age (25 to 30 g) from Envigo (Italy) for controlled cortical impact TBI studies (Study 1) or from Charles River (Wilmington, MA) for closed-head weight drop TBI studies (Study 2). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Traumatic brain injury was induced in mice by a controlled cortical impactor (CCI) as previously described [35, 36]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 30-g acrylic weight was dropped down the Plexiglas tube from an 80 cm height + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + A 30-g acrylic weight was dropped down the Plexiglas tube from an 80 cm height, striking the head in area encompassing right of the central suture, behind bregma and in front of lambda on the parietal lobe. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + Mice were administered i.p. injections of MRS5980 (1 mg/kg) after 1 h and every 2 days for the duration of the study (n = 11)., Mice were randomly allocated into the following groups: (1) sham: mice were subjected to equal surgical procedures except for TBI and were kept under anesthesia for the duration of the surgery (n = 25); (2) TBI: mice were subjected to brain injury then administered an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of vehicle (saline at 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) 1 h and 4 h after trauma (n = 25) and (3) TBI + MRS5980: mice were subjected to brain injury then administered an i.p. injection of MRS5980 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) 1 h and 4 h after trauma (n = 25). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + PMID:33183330 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-020-02009-7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000842 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Guvenc G, Kizmazoglu C, Aydin HE. Effect of Mannitol Infusion on Optic Nerve Injury After Acute Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Brain InjuryJ Craniofac Surg. 2018 Oct;29(7):1772-1775. doi: 10.1097\/SCS.0000000000004827. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + 117 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Guvenc G,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + 347 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + 343.7 ± 4 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + 339.7 - 347.7 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000004827 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Thirty male Wistar rats (weight, 343.7 ± 4 g) were divided randomly into three groups (n = 10/group): group I, sham; group II, TBI and group III, TBI + mannitol (1 mg/kg intravenous). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Thirty male Wistar rats (weight, 343.7 ± 4 g) were divided randomly into three groups (n = 10/group): group I, sham; group II, TBI and group III, TBI + mannitol (1 mg/kg intravenous). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Thirty male Wistar rats (weight, 343.7 ± 4 g) were divided randomly into three groups (n = 10/group): group I, sham; group II, TBI and group III, TBI + mannitol (1 mg/kg intravenous). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Thirty male Wistar rats (weight, 343.7 ± 4 g) were divided randomly into three groups (n = 10/group): group I, sham; group II, TBI and group III, TBI + mannitol (1 mg/kg intravenous). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + Weight-drop acceleration model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + 339 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + PMID:30106807 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + https://journals.lww.com/jcraniofacialsurgery/fulltext/2018/10000/effect_of_mannitol_infusion_on_optic_nerve_injury.25.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000843 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + Wallen TE, Singer KE, Baucom MR, England LG, Schuster RM, Pritts TA, Goodman MD. Effects of antifibrinolytics on systemic and cerebral inflammation after traumatic brain injuryJ Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2022 Mar 22. doi: 10.1097\/TA.0000000000003607. Online ahead of print. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + 118 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + Wallen TE,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + 9 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + 9 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + 9 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + Hippocampal histology, neuron-specific enolase + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + Analyte assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + Neuron specific enolase assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000003607 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + Effects of antifibrinolytics on systemic and cerebral inflammation after traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + Mice were administered 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg TXA, 400 mg/kg aminocaproic acid (amicar), 100 KIU/kg aprotonin, or equivalent volume of normal saline (NS) 10 minutes after recovery. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + PMID:35319541 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/abstract/9000/effects_of_antifibrinolytics_on_systemic_and.97108.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000844 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Wang P, Pan B, Tian J, Yang L, Chen Z, Yang L, Fan Z. Ac-FLTD-CMK inhibits pyroptosis and exerts neuroprotective effect in a mice model of traumatic brain injuryNeuroreport. 2021 Feb 3;32(3):188-197. doi: 10.1097\/WNR.0000000000001580. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 119 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Wang P,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 10–12 weeks, 25–30 g) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 25 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Evans blue extravasation, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Novel object recognition, Rotarod test, TUNEL staining, Western blot, lactate dehydrogenase release + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Cerebral edema assessment,Cytotoxicity assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Rotarod test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Evans blue dye + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + https://doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0000000000001580 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Male C57BL/6 mice (10–12 weeks, weighing 25–30 g) were purchased from Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Company [Beijing, China, License No. SCXK (Jing) 2016-0006]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Male C57BL/6 mice (10–12 weeks, weighing 25–30 g) were purchased from Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Company [Beijing, China, License No. SCXK (Jing) 2016-0006]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Company [Beijing, China, License No. SCXK (Jing) 2016-0006] + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Male C57BL/6 mice (10–12 weeks, weighing 25–30 g) were purchased from Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Company [Beijing, China, License No. SCXK (Jing) 2016-0006]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 200-g metal rod with a 3 mm diameter silicone-covered tip was held by an electromagnet at the height of 1  cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Briefly, A 200-g metal rod with a 3 mm diameter silicone-covered tip was held by an electromagnet at the height of 1  cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + Ac-FLTD-CMK (KE BIOCHEM Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) was injected 30 min after TBI. Solid Ac-FLTD-CMK was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), then diluted with PBS to a final concentration of 0.1%. A microinjector was used to inject the drug into the left lateral ventricle at a coordinate of 1 mm left, 0.5 mm posterior, and 2.5 mm ventral to the bregma. The concentration of Ac-FLTD-CMK was 0.5 μg/μl and the dosage was 0.5 μg for each mouse. This dose was chosen because a higher dose of 1 μg caused death in two of six mice in our preliminary experiments, while there was no significant improvement in the neurological functions with the dose of 0.25 μg (Supplementary Fig. 2, Supplemental digital content 1, https://links.lww.com/WNR/A612). The TBI + V group were injected with equivalent 0.1% DMSO into the left lateral ventricle 30 min after TBI. The treatment for the sham group was the same as in the TBI + V group, except that no brain impact was performed. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + PMID:33470761 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + https://journals.lww.com/neuroreport/fulltext/2021/02010/ac_fltd_cmk_inhibits_pyroptosis_and_exerts.6.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000845 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + Zhaba WD, Deji QZ, Gao SQ, Han YL, Gao CC, Deng HJ, Liu XL, Li T, Zhou ML. Deferoxamine reduces amyloid-beta peptides genesis and alleviates neural apoptosis after traumatic brain injuryNeuroreport. 2021 Apr 7;32(6):472-478. doi: 10.1097\/WNR.0000000000001619. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + open skull weight drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + 120 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + Zhaba WD,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + 28–32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + Glasgow Coma Scale, TUNEL staining, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + Neurological assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),TUNEL staining,Glasgow Coma Scale + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + https://doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0000000000001619 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + males + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + Institute of Cancer Research mice (200 males, weight: 28–32 g) were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + Human brain samples were obtained from patients undergoing surgery for severe brain trauma or for surgical removal of cerebrovascular malformation or deep benign meningioma., Institute of Cancer Research mice (200 males, weight: 28–32 g) were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + Institute of Cancer Research mice (200 males, weight: 28–32 g) were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + Clinical data of control and traumatic brain injury patients + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + PMID:33788818 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + https://journals.lww.com/neuroreport/fulltext/2021/04010/deferoxamine_reduces_amyloid_beta_peptides_genesis.15.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000846 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + Khalin I, Jamari NL, Razak NB, Hasain ZB, Nor MA, Zainudin MH, Omar AB, Alyautdin R. A mouse model of weight-drop closed head injury: emphasis on cognitive and neurological deficiencyNeural Regen Res. 2016 Apr;11(4):630-5. doi: 10.4103\/1673-5374.180749. PMC4870921 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 121 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + Khalin I,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 11–13-week-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 11 -14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 11 -14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 25 - 28 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + Passive avoidance test, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), passive avoidance test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Passive avoidance test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.180749 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + Sixty-two male C57BL/6N mice (In Vivos®, Singapore), 11–13-week-old, weighing 25–28 g, were included in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + C57BL/6N + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + In Vivos®, Singapore + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + Sixty-two male C57BL/6N mice (In Vivos®, Singapore), 11–13-week-old, weighing 25–28 g, were included in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 3 mm diameter plastic tip of a metal rod weighting 200 g, 250 g or 300 g was gently advanced onto exposed mouse skull, The apparatus consists of three parallel horizontal planes joined by four parallel vertical metal bars (Figure 1A). The top and middle surfaces are made of acrylic glass and serve to hold a metal rod with round plastic tip (Figure 1B) that penetrates through them delivering the impact onto the animal's skull. The bottom platform is made of iron and mouse's head can be fixed on it to deliver falling weight into the certain area of the skull (Figure 1C)., head was held in place manually while the rod was uplifted at the 2 cm height + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + The 3 mm diameter plastic tip of a metal rod weighting 200 g, 250 g or 300 g was gently advanced onto exposed mouse skull at the left hemisphere 2 mm lateral from the midline and 2 mm back from the coronal suture., The apparatus consists of three parallel horizontal planes joined by four parallel vertical metal bars (Figure 1A). The top and middle surfaces are made of acrylic glass and serve to hold a metal rod with round plastic tip (Figure 1B) that penetrates through them delivering the impact onto the animal's skull. The bottom platform is made of iron and mouse's head can be fixed on it to deliver falling weight into the certain area of the skull (Figure 1C)., The head was held in place manually while the rod was uplifted at the 2 cm height and held by a magnet (Figure 1F). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + Faculty of Engineering of the National Defence University of Malaysia + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + PMID:27212925 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + https://journals.lww.com/nrronline/fulltext/2016/11040/a_mouse_model_of_weight_drop_closed_head_injury_.28.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000847 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + Tang YL, Fang LJ, Zhong LY, Jiang J, Dong XY, Feng Z. Hub genes and key pathways of traumatic brain injury: bioinformatics analysis and in vivo validationNeural Regen Res. 2020 Dec;15(12):2262-2269. doi: 10.4103\/1673-5374.284996. PMC7749465 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + 122 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + Tang YL,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + 250–300 g, 6–8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.284996 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + Specific-pathogen-free, male, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, aged 6–8 weeks and weighing 250–300 g, were purchased from the SlacJingda Experimental Animals Company [Changsha, Hunan Province, China; license No. SCXK (Xiang) 2016-0002]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + Specific-pathogen-free, male, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, aged 6–8 weeks and weighing 250–300 g, were purchased from the SlacJingda Experimental Animals Company [Changsha, Hunan Province, China; license No. SCXK (Xiang) 2016-0002]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + SlacJingda Experimental Animals Company [Changsha, Hunan Province, China; license No. SCXK (Xiang) 2016-0002] + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + Specific-pathogen-free, male, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, aged 6–8 weeks and weighing 250–300 g, were purchased from the SlacJingda Experimental Animals Company [Changsha, Hunan Province, China; license No. SCXK (Xiang) 2016-0002]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + 350-g cylindrical impact hammer was dropped onto the marked cross, from a height of 40–44 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + Then, a 350-g cylindrical impact hammer was dropped onto the marked cross, from a height of 40–44 cm, resulting in a concave fracture of the skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + Primer sequences for polymerase chain reaction amplification + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + PMID:32594047 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + https://journals.lww.com/nrronline/fulltext/2020/15120/hub_genes_and_key_pathways_of_traumatic_brain.20.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000848 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + Jin G, DeMoya MA, Duggan M, Knightly T, Mejaddam AY, Hwabejire J, Lu J, Smith WM, Kasotakis G, Velmahos GC, Socrate S, Alam HB. Traumatic brain injury and hemorrhagic shock: evaluation of different resuscitation strategies in a large animal model of combined insults. Shock. 2012 Jul;38(1):49-56. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e3182574778. PMID: 22575994. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + computer-controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + 125 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + Jin G, et al., 2012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + 40–50 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + Brain swelling, lesion size + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + Cerebral edema assessment,Morphology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + Lesion Volume,Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + https://doi.org/10.1097/shk.0b013e3182574778 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + Traumatic Brain Injury and Hemorrhagic Shock + Evaluation of Different Resuscitation Strategies in a Large Animal Model of Combined Insults + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + Female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + A computer-controlled cortical impact (CCI) device developed by the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, was used for these experiments (7). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + device assembly (Fig. 1, C and D) consisted of a voice coil linear actuator with a built-in LVDT displacement transducer (H2W Technologies Inc, Santa Clarita, Calif) connected to a closed-loop motion control board (Galil Motion Control, Rocklin, Calif). A 15-mm cylindrical impactor tip was mounted on the shaft of the actuator, and the dynamics were precisely controlled to deliver an impact with 4 m/s velocity, 100-ms dwell time, and 12-mm penetration depth, head fixed in custom-made stereotactic frame to prevent movement + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + The impactor device assembly (Fig. 1, C and D) consisted of a voice coil linear actuator with a built-in LVDT displacement transducer (H2W Technologies Inc, Santa Clarita, Calif) connected to a closed-loop motion control board (Galil Motion Control, Rocklin, Calif). A 15-mm cylindrical impactor tip was mounted on the shaft of the actuator, and the dynamics were precisely controlled to deliver an impact with 4 m/s velocity, 100-ms dwell time, and 12-mm penetration depth. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + hemorrhage + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + Following hemorrhage, animals were left in shock for 120 min, and MAP was maintained between 30 and 35 mmHg by simply titrating the dose of inhaled isoflurane. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + PMID:22575994 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000849 + https://journals.lww.com/shockjournal/fulltext/2012/07000/traumatic_brain_injury_and_hemorrhagic_shock_.9.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_000085 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000085 + 2022-10-05T19:56:41.897633Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000085 + Spectrometry + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + Hutchinson EB, Schwerin SC, Radomski KL, Irfanoglu MO, Juliano SL, Pierpaoli CM. Quantitative MRI and DTI Abnormalities During the Acute Period Following CCI in the FerretShock. 2016 Sep;46(3 Suppl 1):167-76. doi: 10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000659. PMC4978600 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + electromagnetically controlled cortical impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + 126 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + Hutchinson EB,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + 52 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + 6–12 months, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + Diffusion tensor imaging(DTI), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) , T2-weighted imaging + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Diffusion tensor images (DTI),T2-weighted Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + https://doi.org/10.1097/shk.0000000000000659 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + Quantitative MRI and DTI Abnormalities During the Acute Period Following CCI in the Ferret + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + ferret + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + Impact One Stereotaxic Impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + impactor tip diameter of 3 mm at a velocity of 5 m/s, depth of 2 mm, and dwell time of 100 ms. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + Leica Microsystems + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + Buffalo Grove, Ill + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + PMID:27294688 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000850 + https://journals.lww.com/shockjournal/fulltext/2016/09001/quantitative_mri_and_dti_abnormalities_during_the.24.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Martin GE, Xia B, Kim Y, Johnson MD, Veile R, Friend LA, Makley AT, Caldwell CC, Goodman MD. Platelet Function Changes in a Time-Dependent Manner Following Traumatic Brain Injury in a Murine ModelShock. 2018 Nov;50(5):551-556. doi: 10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001056. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + 127 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Martin GE,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + 8 and 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + 8 weeks, 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + 8 weeks, 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Coulter AcT 10 Hematology Analyzer, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Platelet aggregometry, Tail bleed times, Thromboelastometry, righting reflex response time + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Behavioral test,Immunoassay,Blood chemical analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Blood Chemical Analysis,Righting reflex + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + https://doi.org/110.1097/SHK.0000000000001056 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Male C57BL6/J mice between ages 8 and 10 weeks were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Male C57BL6/J mice between ages 8 and 10 weeks were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + C57BL6/J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Male C57BL6/J mice between ages 8 and 10 weeks were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + The animals were placed in a prone position with the head centered under a 400 g cylindrical weight. The weight was dropped from a height of 1.5 cm above the table surface and centered in both rostral/caudal and lateral directions + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + The animals were placed in a prone position with the head centered under a 400 g cylindrical weight. The weight was dropped from a height of 1.5 cm above the table surface and centered in both rostral/caudal and lateral directions. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + Closed Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + PMID:29140832 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + https://journals.lww.com/shockjournal/fulltext/2018/11000/platelet_function_changes_in_a_time_dependent.9.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000851 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + Chen Y, Lu Y, Xu S, Liu M, Chen W, Zhang Y, Wei L, Zhong C. HDAC1 expression is positively correlated with NADPH oxidase 4-mediated oxidative stress in a mouse model of traumatic brain injuryJ Neurophysiol. 2022 May 1;127(5):1438-1444. doi: 10.1152\/jn.00049.2022. Epub 2022 Apr 20. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + lateral fluid percussion + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + 128 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + Chen Y,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + 35 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + 4-6 weeks, 28 to 35 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + 4 - 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + 4 - 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + 28 - 35 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS), qRT-PCR, Western blot, Brain water content, Oxidative Stress Evaluation + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunoassay,Molecular assay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + Western blot,modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS),qRT-PCR,Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00049.2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + ns1:BIKO_000029 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + PMID:35443136 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/jn.00049.2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000852 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + Klemenhagen KC, O'Brien SP, Brody DL. Repetitive concussive traumatic brain injury interacts with post-injury foot shock stress to worsen social and depression-like behavior in micePLoS One. 2013 Sep 18;8(9):e74510. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0074510. eCollection 2013. PMC3776826 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + electromagnetic stereotaxic impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + 132 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + Klemenhagen KC,et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + 6 weeks of age + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + cued fear conditioning, social recognition test, tail suspension test, sucrose/water preference test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + Sucrose preference test,Social recognition test,Cued fear conditioning test,Tail suspension test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074510 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + Repetitive Concussive Traumatic Brain Injury Interacts with Post-Injury Foot Shock Stress to Worsen Social and Depression-Like Behavior in Mice + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + rubber tip (Precision Associates, Inc., Minneapolis, MN) 9mm in diameter and with a spring constant of 3.01 N/mm was mounted on an electromagnetic stereotaxic impact device, and the tip was lowered at a 20° angle with the vertex touching the skull at 1.8mm caudal to bregma and 3.0mm to the left of midline. The tip was retracted, lowered 3.3mm, and then triggered, driving the tip into the skull at a depth of 3.3mm at 5.0m/s with a dwell time of 100ms + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + The tip was retracted, lowered 3.3mm, and then triggered, driving the tip into the skull at a depth of 3.3mm at 5.0m/s with a dwell time of 100ms. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + Electromagnetic repetitive closed-skull injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + Experimental groups. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + PMID:24058581 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0074510 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000853 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + Lopez-Rodriguez AB, Acaz-Fonseca E, Viveros MP, Garcia-Segura LM. Changes in cannabinoid receptors, aquaporin 4 and vimentin expression after traumatic brain injury in adolescent male mice. Association with edema and neurological deficitPLoS One. 2015 Jun 3;10(6):e0128782. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0128782. eCollection 2015. PMC4454518 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + 133 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + Lopez-Rodriguez AB,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + 5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + 37 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + 28 (pnd35) to 37 g (pnd49), postnatal day (pnd) 35 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + 35 - 49 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + 35 - 49 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + 28 - 37 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + Neurological Score test, Neurological deficit assessment, qRT-PCR, Western Blot, Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + Cerebral edema assessment,Neurological assessment,Molecular assay,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + qRT-PCR,Brain water content,Western blot,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Neurologic Deficit Scoring + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128782 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + All the experiments were performed in Swiss male mice (Harlan, Spain). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + All the experiments were performed in Swiss male mice (Harlan, Spain). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + Swiss + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + Swiss + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + Harlan, Spain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + All the experiments were performed in Swiss male mice (Harlan, Spain). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + a 50 g weight dropped from a 36 cm height along a stainless steel rod, on the right frontal side of the head + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + Closed-head trauma was induced by a 50 g weight dropped from a 36 cm height along a stainless steel rod, on the right frontal side of the head. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + Neurological Score test for mice., Primary antibodies and dilutions used for Western Blot analyses., Primer sequences for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + 5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + PMID:26039099 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0128782 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000854 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Lang Y, Fu F, Sun D, Xi C, Chen F. Labetalol Prevents Intestinal Dysfunction Induced by Traumatic Brain InjuryPLoS One. 2015 Jul 17;10(7):e0133215. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0133215. eCollection 2015. PMC4505891 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + 134 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Lang Y,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + 200 to 250g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + 200 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Hematoxylin and Eosin, RT-PCR, Western blot, permeability assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Immunoassay,Molecular assay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + RT-PCR,Western blot,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133215 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Adult male Wister rats weighing 200 to 250g were purchased from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Adult male Wister rats weighing 200 to 250g were purchased from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Wister + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Wister + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + Adult male Wister rats weighing 200 to 250g were purchased from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + A 25cm tube guided a falling weight onto the footplate resting on the dura with forces of 1000g/cm applied (40g weight after dropping 25cm) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + A 25cm tube guided a falling weight onto the footplate resting on the dura with forces of 1000g/cm applied (40g weight after dropping 25cm). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + 5 min after TBI or sham operation, respectively, the TBI+labetalol group was intraperitoneally injected with labetalol (30mg/Kg) and the sham group with an equal volume of normal saline., Labetalol (Shanghai, China) was prepared as a 0.5%working solution by dissolving 0.1 g in 20 ml of sterile saline., The rats were randomly divided into three groups (18 rats each) [13, 14] including Sham group (right parietal bone window alone, without brain injury), TBI group, and TBI+labetalol group (TBI + labetalol 30 mg/kg i.p.) [15]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + PMID:26186619 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0133215 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000855 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Li X, Wang H, Gao Y, Li L, Tang C, Wen G, Zhou Y, Zhou M, Mao L, Fan Y. Protective Effects of Quercetin on Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury via the Nrf2 Signaling PathwayPLoS One. 2016 Oct 25;11(10):e0164237. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0164237. eCollection 2016. PMC5079551 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 135 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Li X,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 28 g-32 g, 6–8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Bioluminescent Somatic Cell Assay, Bradford method, Immunohistochemical staining, Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) measurement, Western blot, spectrophotometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Analytical technique,Biochemical assay,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Bradford protein assay,Bioluminescent Somatic Cell Assay,Western blot,Spectrometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164237 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Protective Effects of Quercetin on Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury via the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Male ICR mice (Animal Experiment Center of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China) aged 6–8 weeks and weighing 28 g-32 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Male ICR mice (Animal Experiment Center of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China) aged 6–8 weeks and weighing 28 g-32 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Animal Experiment Center of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Male ICR mice (Animal Experiment Center of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China) aged 6–8 weeks and weighing 28 g-32 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 200 g weight was released onto the skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + After locating the left anterior frontal area (1.5 mm lateral to the midline on the mid-coronal plane) as the impact area, a 200 g weight was released onto the skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Mice in the TBI + Que group were injected with 50 mg/kg Que intraperitoneally (Sigma Aldrich, Shanghai, China) 30 min after the onset of TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + Marmarou’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + PMID:27780244 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0164237 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000856 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + Hsieh TH, Kang JW, Lai JH, Huang YZ, Rotenberg A, Chen KY, Wang JY, Chan SY, Chen SC, Chiang YH, Peng CW. Relationship of mechanical impact magnitude to neurologic dysfunction severity in a rat traumatic brain injury modelPLoS One. 2017 May 26;12(5):e0178186. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0178186. eCollection 2017. PMC5446124 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 136 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + Hsieh TH,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 425 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 10–12 weeks, 364 and 425 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 364 g, 425 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + Beam walk test, Western blot, accelerometer, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + Behavioral test,Immunoassay,Severity score,Pressure sensor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + Western blot,Accelerometer measurement,modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS),Beam walk test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178186 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + Fifty-two male Sprague—Dawley rats (BioLASCO Taiwan Co., Ltd, Yilan, Taiwan) weighing between 364 and 425 g (i.e., 10–12 weeks of age) were used for the present experiment. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + Fifty-two male Sprague—Dawley rats (BioLASCO Taiwan Co., Ltd, Yilan, Taiwan) weighing between 364 and 425 g (i.e., 10–12 weeks of age) were used for the present experiment. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + BioLASCO Taiwan Co., Ltd, Yilan, Taiwan + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + Fifty-two male Sprague—Dawley rats (BioLASCO Taiwan Co., Ltd, Yilan, Taiwan) weighing between 364 and 425 g (i.e., 10–12 weeks of age) were used for the present experiment. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 450-g brass weight falling from 1, 1.5, and 2 m through a vertical transparent Plexiglas tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + TBI was induced using a 450-g brass weight falling from 1, 1.5, and 2 m through a vertical transparent Plexiglas tube. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + 364 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + PMID:28552947 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0178186 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000857 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + Evanson NK, Guilhaume-Correa F, Herman JP, Goodman MD. Optic tract injury after closed head traumatic brain injury in mice: A model of indirect traumatic optic neuropathyPLoS One. 2018 May 10;13(5):e0197346. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0197346. eCollection 2018. PMC5944994 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + 137 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + Evanson NK,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + 8 week old, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Evans blue extravasation, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Novel object recognition test, Rotarod test, TUNEL staining, Western blot, lactate dehydrogenase release + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + Behavioral testing,Novel object recognition (NOR),Morris water maze (MWM) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197346 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + These studies were performed in adult 8 week old male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + These studies were performed in adult 8 week old male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + These studies were performed in adult 8 week old male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + 400g rod 1.5 cm onto the animal’s head, with impact centered approximately over bregma + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + Injury was induced by dropping a 400g rod 1.5 cm onto the animal’s head, with impact centered approximately over bregma. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + PMID:29746557 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0197346 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000858 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + Donovan V, Kim C, Anugerah AK, Coats JS, Oyoyo U, Pardo AC, Obenaus A. Repeated mild traumatic brain injury results in long-term white-matter disruptionJ Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2014 Apr;34(4):715-23. doi: 10.1038\/jcbfm.2014.6. Epub 2014 Jan 29. PMC3982100 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + electromagnically controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + 138 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + Donovan V,et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + 17 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + 2 to 4 months, 300 to 400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + 2 - 4 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + 2 - 4 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + Diffusion tensor imaging, Luxol fast blue staining, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), T2 weighted imaging, Transmission electron microscopy, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), myelin thickness measurement + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + Staining method,Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining,Microscopy + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Diffusion tensor images (DTI),Luxol fast blue staining,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),T2-weighted Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),Microscopy + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fjcbfm.2014.6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Results in Long-Term White-Matter Disruption + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + A mild CCI (4 mm diameter tip, 0.5 mm depth, 6.0 m/s speed, 200 ms dwell) was then delivered to the cortical surface using an electromagnetically driven piston + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + A mild CCI (4 mm diameter tip, 0.5 mm depth, 6.0 m/s speed, 200 ms dwell) was then delivered to the cortical surface using an electromagnetically driven piston. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + 2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + PMID:24473478 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000859 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_000086 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000086 + 2022-10-05T19:57:26.608424Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000086 + http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism + + + + ns1:BIKO_000086 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000086 + Organism + + + + ns1:BIKO_000086 + A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. E.g Drosophila melanogaster + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + Shultz SR, Sun M, Wright DK, Brady RD, Liu S, Beynon S, Schmidt SF, Kaye AH, Hamilton JA, O'Brien TJ, Grills BL, McDonald SJ. Tibial fracture exacerbates traumatic brain injury outcomes and neuroinflammation in a novel mouse model of multitraumaJ Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2015 Aug;35(8):1339-47. doi: 10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.56. Epub 2015 Apr 8. PMC4528010 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + 139 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + Shultz SR,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + Brain water content, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), Evans Blue Extravasation, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Western Blot, Y-maze, open-field, rotarod + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + Cerebral edema assessment,Imaging,Histology,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + Open field test,Y Maze test,Rotarod test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),Western blot,Evans blue dye + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2015.56 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + A total of 124 C57Bl/6 male mice were obtained from the Australian Animal Resource Centre (ARC, Western Australia) for use in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + A total of 124 C57Bl/6 male mice were obtained from the Australian Animal Resource Centre (ARC, Western Australia) for use in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + C57Bl/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + Australian Animal Resource Centre (ARC, Western Australia) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + A total of 124 C57Bl/6 male mice were obtained from the Australian Animal Resource Centre (ARC, Western Australia) for use in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + the weight-drop device consisted of a guided- and weighted-rod (215 g) with a blunt silicone-covered impact tip (4 mm diameter) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + Briefly, the weight-drop device consisted of a guided- and weighted-rod (215 g) with a blunt silicone-covered impact tip (4 mm diameter). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + Acute injury measures + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + PMID:25853909 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1038/jcbfm.2015.56 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000860 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + Dong T, Zhang Q, Hamblin MR, Wu MX. Low-level light in combination with metabolic modulators for effective therapy of injured brainJ Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2015 Sep;35(9):1435-44. doi: 10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.87. Epub 2015 May 13. PMC4640344 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + fluid percussion MCV style + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + 140 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + Dong T,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + Eight-week-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + flow cytometry, ATP detection, Bradford method, Hematoxylin and eosin, Immunofluorescence, L-lactate assay kit, Morris Water Maze (MWM) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + Biochemical assay,Analyte assay,Immunofluorescence staining,Cytological technique,Histology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + ATP bioluminescence assay,Immunofluorescence staining,Flow cytometry,Bradford protein assay,Morris water maze (MWM),Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fjcbfm.2015.87 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + Low-Level Light in Combination with Metabolic Modulators for Effective Therapy of Injured Brain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + AMS 201 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + A flat face 2-mm diameter tip of the pneumatic impact device (AMS 201, AmScien Instruments, Richmond, VA, USA) was positioned on the left hemisphere center, lowered gradually down to touch the scalp, and recorded as zero depth (sham control). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + punch depth was then set 2.5mm using a screw-mounted adjustment. A 4.9 ± 0.2 m/s velocity and 80 ms contact time were specified by setting 150 pounds per square inch (p.s.i.) for a high pressure and 30 p.s.i. for a low pressure + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + The punch depth was then set 2.5mm using a screw-mounted adjustment. A 4.9 ± 0.2 m/s velocity and 80 ms contact time were specified by setting 150 pounds per square inch (p.s.i.) for a high pressure and 30 p.s.i. for a low pressure. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + AmScien Instruments + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + Richmond, VA, USA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + The laser's pulse frequency was 10 Hz, pulse duration 50 ms, average irradiance 150mW/cm2, a total exposure duration time 4 minutes, and energy density 36 J/cm2. Owing to the skull and scalp acting as barriers over the brain tissue, the transmitted laser energy to the cortex was ~5.9% ± 0.98% of total input irradiance,20 and the fluence that reached the cortex tissue was ~1.8 to 2.5 J/cm2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + PMID:25966949 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1038/jcbfm.2015.87 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000861 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Zhang H, Wang W, Jiang S, Zhang Y, Heo HY, Wang X, Peng Y, Wang J, Zhou J. Amide proton transfer-weighted MRI detection of traumatic brain injury in ratsJ Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2017 Oct;37(10):3422-3432. doi: 10.1177\/0271678X17690165. Epub 2017 Jan 27. PMC5624391 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + electromagnetically controlled cortical impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + 141 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Zhang H,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + 325 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + 300–325 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + 300 - 325 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Image analysis, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Imaging + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Image analysis,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + https://doi.org/10.1177/0271678X17690165 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Fifteen adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats (300–325 g) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories (Frederick, MD) and maintained in the Johns Hopkins animal facility. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Fifteen adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats (300–325 g) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories (Frederick, MD) and maintained in the Johns Hopkins animal facility. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Charles River Laboratories (Frederick, MD) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + Fifteen adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats (300–325 g) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories (Frederick, MD) and maintained in the Johns Hopkins animal facility. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + TBI-0310 Impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + CCI injury was induced with a PSI TBI-0310 Impactor (Precision Systems and Instrumentation, Fairfax, VA), which uses electromagnetic force to produce an impact velocity for which speed, depth, and dwell time can each be individually manipulated to produce injuries with different severities.34 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + A pneumatic cylinder with a 3-mm flat-tip impounder produced CCI in the rats at a velocity of 5.5 m/s, depth of 5 mm, and impact duration of 65 ms, PSI TBI-0310 Impactor (Precision Systems and Instrumentation, Fairfax, VA), which uses electromagnetic force to produce an impact velocity for which speed, depth, and dwell time can each be individually manipulated to produce injuries with different severities + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + A pneumatic cylinder with a 3-mm flat-tip impounder produced CCI in the rats at a velocity of 5.5 m/s, depth of 5 mm, and impact duration of 65 ms., CCI injury was induced with a PSI TBI-0310 Impactor (Precision Systems and Instrumentation, Fairfax, VA), which uses electromagnetic force to produce an impact velocity for which speed, depth, and dwell time can each be individually manipulated to produce injuries with different severities.34 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + PSI + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + PMID:28128026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0271678X17690165 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000862 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + Gold EM, Vasilevko V, Hasselmann J, Tiefenthaler C, Hoa D, Ranawaka K, Cribbs DH, Cummings BJ. Repeated Mild Closed Head Injuries Induce Long-Term White Matter Pathology and Neuronal Loss That Are Correlated With Behavioral DeficitsASN Neuro. 2018 Jan-Dec;10:1759091418781921. doi: 10.1177\/1759091418781921. PMC6050992 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + electromagnetically controlled cortical impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + 143 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + Gold EM,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + 9- to 10-week-old, Seven-month-old, Ten-week-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + 9 - 10 weeks, 7 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + 7 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + 9 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + Elevated plus maze, Forced swim test, Horizontal ladder beam, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Rotarod, Tail suspension test, Western Blots, optical fractionator probe + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Stereological method,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + Forced swim test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Rotarod test,Tail suspension test,Morris water maze (MWM),Horizontal ladder beam,Elevated plus maze test,Optical fractionator probe,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + https://doi.org/10.1177/1759091418781921 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + Ten-week-old male NSG mice (Jackson Laboratories, catalog # 005557) were divided into four groups (n = 12/group): Shams, 1 hit at 5.0 m/s, 5 hits at 2.5 m/s, 5 hits at 5. 0 m/s., All studies used 9- to 10-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice (Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME) unless otherwise noted., Seven-month-old male and female transgenic mice overexpressing human wild-type (WT) 4 repeat tau (hTau; Chabrier et al., 2014) were divided into four groups: Shams (n = 5 WT and 3 hTau) and 5 hits at 2.5 m/s (n = 6 WT and 5 hTau). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + All studies used 9- to 10-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice (Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME) unless otherwise noted., Ten-week-old male NSG mice (Jackson Laboratories, catalog # 005557) were divided into four groups (n = 12/group): Shams, 1 hit at 5.0 m/s, 5 hits at 2.5 m/s, 5 hits at 5. 0 m/s. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + Jackson Laboratories, catalog # 005557, Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + transgenic, wild-type + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + Seven-month-old male and female transgenic mice overexpressing human wild-type (WT) 4 repeat tau (hTau; Chabrier et al., 2014) were divided into four groups: Shams (n = 5 WT and 3 hTau) and 5 hits at 2.5 m/s (n = 6 WT and 5 hTau). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + All studies used 9- to 10-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice (Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME) unless otherwise noted., Ten-week-old male NSG mice (Jackson Laboratories, catalog # 005557) were divided into four groups (n = 12/group): Shams, 1 hit at 5.0 m/s, 5 hits at 2.5 m/s, 5 hits at 5. 0 m/s. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + TBI-0310 Head Impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + Components of both the controlled cortical impact (CCI) device (Figure 1(a); TBI-0310 Head Impactor, Precision Systems and Instrumentation, LLC, Fairfax Station, VA) and the weight drop model were combined. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + The mouse was at the CCI station for 3 min until an impact with speed 5.0 m/s, 1.0 mm depth, and 50 ms dwell time (slow-motion video of impact shows displacement of head into supporting foam pad, Figure 1(c)). In total, mice are under anesthesia for 7 min from knockdown to TBI impact. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + The mouse was at the CCI station for 3 min until an impact with speed 5.0 m/s, 1.0 mm depth, and 50 ms dwell time (slow-motion video of impact shows displacement of head into supporting foam pad, Figure 1(c)). In total, mice are under anesthesia for 7 min from knockdown to TBI impact. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + PMID:29932344 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1759091418781921 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000863 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + Gold EM, Vasilevko V, Hasselmann J, Tiefenthaler C, Hoa D, Ranawaka K, Cribbs DH, Cummings BJ. Repeated Mild Closed Head Injuries Induce Long-Term White Matter Pathology and Neuronal Loss That Are Correlated With Behavioral DeficitsASN Neuro. 2018 Jan-Dec;10:1759091418781921. doi: 10.1177\/1759091418781921. PMC6050992 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + electromagnetically controlled cortical impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + 507 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + Gold EM,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + 9- to 10-week-old, Seven-month-old, Ten-week-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + 9 - 10 weeks, 7 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + 7 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + 9 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + Elevated plus maze, Forced swim test, Horizontal ladder beam, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Rotarod, Tail suspension test, Western Blots, optical fractionator probe + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Stereological method,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + Forced swim test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Rotarod test,Tail suspension test,Morris water maze (MWM),Horizontal ladder beam,Elevated plus maze test,Optical fractionator probe,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + https://doi.org/10.1177/1759091418781921 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + Ten-week-old male NSG mice (Jackson Laboratories, catalog # 005557) were divided into four groups (n = 12/group): Shams, 1 hit at 5.0 m/s, 5 hits at 2.5 m/s, 5 hits at 5. 0 m/s., All studies used 9- to 10-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice (Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME) unless otherwise noted., Seven-month-old male and female transgenic mice overexpressing human wild-type (WT) 4 repeat tau (hTau; Chabrier et al., 2014) were divided into four groups: Shams (n = 5 WT and 3 hTau) and 5 hits at 2.5 m/s (n = 6 WT and 5 hTau). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + All studies used 9- to 10-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice (Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME) unless otherwise noted., Ten-week-old male NSG mice (Jackson Laboratories, catalog # 005557) were divided into four groups (n = 12/group): Shams, 1 hit at 5.0 m/s, 5 hits at 2.5 m/s, 5 hits at 5. 0 m/s. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + Jackson Laboratories, catalog # 005557, Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + transgenic, wild-type + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + Seven-month-old male and female transgenic mice overexpressing human wild-type (WT) 4 repeat tau (hTau; Chabrier et al., 2014) were divided into four groups: Shams (n = 5 WT and 3 hTau) and 5 hits at 2.5 m/s (n = 6 WT and 5 hTau). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + All studies used 9- to 10-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice (Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME) unless otherwise noted., Ten-week-old male NSG mice (Jackson Laboratories, catalog # 005557) were divided into four groups (n = 12/group): Shams, 1 hit at 5.0 m/s, 5 hits at 2.5 m/s, 5 hits at 5. 0 m/s. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + TBI-0310 Head Impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + Components of both the controlled cortical impact (CCI) device (Figure 1(a); TBI-0310 Head Impactor, Precision Systems and Instrumentation, LLC, Fairfax Station, VA) and the weight drop model were combined. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + The mouse was at the CCI station for 3 min until an impact with speed 5.0 m/s, 1.0 mm depth, and 50 ms dwell time (slow-motion video of impact shows displacement of head into supporting foam pad, Figure 1(c)). In total, mice are under anesthesia for 7 min from knockdown to TBI impact. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + The mouse was at the CCI station for 3 min until an impact with speed 5.0 m/s, 1.0 mm depth, and 50 ms dwell time (slow-motion video of impact shows displacement of head into supporting foam pad, Figure 1(c)). In total, mice are under anesthesia for 7 min from knockdown to TBI impact. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + PMID:29932344 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1759091418781921 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000864 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Tang Y, Dong X, Chen G, Ye W, Kang J, Tang Y, Feng Z. Vagus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Early Traumatic Brain Injury by Regulating the NF-κB\/NLRP3 Signaling PathwayNeurorehabil Neural Repair. 2020 Sep;34(9):831-843. doi: 10.1177\/1545968320948065. Epub 2020 Aug 10. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 144 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Tang Y,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 6-8 weeks, 250-300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 250 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Biochemical Assay, Brain water content, Hematoxylin and Eosin, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS), qRT-PCR, TUNEL staining, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Biochemical assay,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Biochemical assay,modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS),qRT-PCR,Brain water content,Hematoxylin and eosin stain,Western blot,TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968320948065 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Male Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 250-300 g) were purchased from the Hunan SJA Experimental Animals Company (Changsha, Hunan Province, China; License No. SCXK [Xiang] 2016-0002). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Male Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 250-300 g) were purchased from the Hunan SJA Experimental Animals Company (Changsha, Hunan Province, China; License No. SCXK [Xiang] 2016-0002). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Hunan SJA Experimental Animals Company (Changsha, Hunan Province, China; License No. SCXK [Xiang] 2016-0002) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Male Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 250-300 g) were purchased from the Hunan SJA Experimental Animals Company (Changsha, Hunan Province, China; License No. SCXK [Xiang] 2016-0002). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 350 g cylindrical impact hammer (Guangyuan Forging) was dropped onto the marked cross from a height of 40 to 45 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + Then, a 2 cm diameter and 350 g cylindrical impact hammer (Guangyuan Forging) was dropped onto the marked cross from a height of 40 to 45 cm, resulting in a fracture of the skull (Figure 1A). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + VNS was performed 30 minutes after the TBI procedure. A small incision was made on the left ventral side of the neck adjoining the midline to approach the left vagus nerve at the cervical level. We performed a blunt dissection of the subcutaneous fat, salivary glands, sternohyoid, and sternocleidomastoid, and cut the carotid sheath open to expose the vagus nerve. A 5 mm segment of the left vagus nerve was separated and attached to an electrode (Figure 1B). To ensure good contact between the electrode and vagus nerve, an ohmmeter was used. Ohmmeter probes were connected to the electrode and electrical stimulator, and the electrode was then attached to the vagus nerve. The electrode was composed of a pair of Teflon-coated silver hooks. To avoid short circuit, water was dried with gauze. Rats were treated with VNS using a low-frequency electrical stimulator (ES-420; ITO Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation) with the following parameters: frequency, 30 Hz; current, 1.0 mA; pulse width, 0.5 ms; total stimulation time, 15 minutes24 (Figure 1C). Following surgery, each animal received an intramuscular injection of gentamicin (0.1 mL/100 g body weight). Rats in the sham and TBI groups underwent treatments that were similar to those in the stimulated groups, but without electrical stimulation. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + The Primer Sequences for PCR Amplification. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + PMID:32772884 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1545968320948065 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000865 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Özevren H, Deveci E, Tuncer MC. Histopathological changes in the choroid plexus after traumatic brain injury in the rats: a histologic and immunohistochemical studyFolia Morphol (Warsz). 2018;77(4):642-648. doi: 10.5603\/FM.a2018.0029. Epub 2018 Mar 23. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + 145 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Özevren H,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + 300-350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + 300 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Blood–brain barrier permeability, glutathione levels, Histology, malondialdehyde (MDA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Biochemical assay,Neuroanatomical assessment,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Blood brain barrier permeability,Malondialdehyde (MDA) assay,Histology,Glutathione levels + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + https://doi.org/110.5603/FM.a2018.0029 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to TBI with a weight-drop device using 300 g / 1 m weight-height impact., rats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to TBI with a weight-drop device using 300 g / 1 m weight-height impact. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to TBI with a weight-drop device using 300 g / 1 m weight-height impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + 300 g/1 m weight-height impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to TBI with a weight-drop device using 300 g / 1 m weight-height impact. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + Marmarou’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + PMID:29569703 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + https://journals.viamedica.pl/folia_morphologica/article/view/56956 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000866 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + Viano DC, Hamberger A, Bolouri H, Säljö A. Evaluation of three animal models for concussion and serious brain injuryAnn Biomed Eng. 2012 Jan;40(1):213-26. doi: 10.1007\/s10439-011-0386-2. Epub 2011 Oct 20. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + marmarou weight drop, pneumatic side closed skull impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + 151 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + Viano DC,et al.,2012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + 360 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + 240–360 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + 240 - 360 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + Accelerometer measurement, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + Pressure sensor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + Accelerometer measurement, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-011-0386-2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + Evaluation of Three Animal Models for Concussion and Serious Brain Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + 450 g mass, The drop heights were 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 m giving impacts of 4.4, 5.4, and 6.3 m/s, respectively. The impactor mass was 450 g, weight was instrumented with an accelerometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + The drop heights were 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 m giving impacts of 4.4, 5.4, and 6.3 m/s, respectively., The impactor mass was 450 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + Marmarou’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + 240 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + PMID:22012080 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10439-011-0386-2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000867 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + Plekhova NG, Radkov IV, Zinoviev SV, Dyuizen IV, Baryshev AN, Shumatov VB. Effect of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on Behavioral Reactions and Neocortical Morphology in RatsBull Exp Biol Med. 2021 Mar;170(5):672-676. doi: 10.1007\/s10517-021-05130-6. Epub 2021 Mar 31. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + 152 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + Plekhova NG,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + 200-250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + 200 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS), Conditioned passive avoidance test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS), Conditioned passive avoidance test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-021-05130-6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + PMID:33788107 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10517-021-05130-6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000868 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Li D, Ma S, Guo D, Cheng T, Li H, Tian Y, Li J, Guan F, Yang B, Wang J. Environmental Circadian Disruption Worsens Neurologic Impairment and Inhibits Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Adult Rats After Traumatic Brain InjuryCell Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Oct;36(7):1045-55. doi: 10.1007\/s10571-015-0295-2. Epub 2016 Feb 17. PMC4967018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + modified weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + 153 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Li D,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + 230–250 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + 230 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Lesion Volume, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Neurobehavioral Evaluation, Nissl staining, beam walk + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Morphology,Neurological assessment,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Beam walk test,Nissl staining,Immunofluorescence staining,Morris water maze (MWM),Lesion Volume,Neurologic Deficit Scoring + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-015-0295-2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (230–250 g) were obtained from the Experimental Animal Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (230–250 g) were obtained from the Experimental Animal Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Experimental Animal Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (230–250 g) were obtained from the Experimental Animal Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + TBI was induced in rats with a modified weight-drop device developed in our laboratory (Cheng et al. 2015). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + A 50-g steel rod with a flat end (4 mm in diameter) was allowed to fall from a height of 30 cm onto a piston resting on the dura + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + A 50-g steel rod with a flat end (4 mm in diameter) was allowed to fall from a height of 30 cm onto a piston resting on the dura. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Environmental Circadian Disruption Model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Environmental Circadian Disruption ModelAmong the circadian disruption models that have been reported (Bedrosian et al. 2011; Coomans et al. 2013; Fonken et al. 2013b; Ma et al. 2007; Park et al. 2013; Roenneberg et al. 2013), we used constant light exposure. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + 230 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + PMID:26886755 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10571-015-0295-2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000869 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000087 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000087 + 2022-10-06T18:21:47.085481Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000087 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000353 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000087 + Biological process + + + + ns1:BIKO_000087 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000087 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0008000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000087 + Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Liu Z, Wang H, Shi X, Li L, Zhou M, Ding H, Yang Y, Li X, Ding K. DL-3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) Provides Neuroprotection in the Mice Models After Traumatic Brain Injury via Nrf2-ARE Signaling PathwayNeurochem Res. 2017 May;42(5):1375-1386. doi: 10.1007\/s11064-017-2186-z. Epub 2017 Feb 18. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 154 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Liu Z,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 28–32 g, 6–8 weeks, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Brain water content,Immunofluorescence, Nissl Staining, qRT-PCR, TUNEL staining, Western blot, Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Nissl staining,Immunofluorescence staining,qRT-PCR,Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-017-2186-z + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Adult male ICR mice (6–8 weeks) (Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China) 28–32 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Adult male ICR mice (6–8 weeks) (Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China) 28–32 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Adult male ICR mice (6–8 weeks) (Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China) 28–32 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 200 g weight with a height of 2.5 cm was vertically released along a stainless steel string onto the skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + After locating the left anterior frontal area as the impact arer (1.5 mm lateral to the midline on the midcoronal plane), a 200 g weight with a height of 2.5 cm was vertically released along a stainless steel string onto the skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Mice of TBI+NBP group received injections of NBP (100 mg/kg diluted in 10mL/kg 0.2%DMSO, i.p.) 1 h after the onset of TBI. This dose of NBP administration was based on study on neuroprotection of NBP in a focal cerebral ischemia mice model [20], where the mice of TBI+vehicle group received equal volumes of 0.2% DMSO (i.p) 1 h after TBI (10 mL/kg). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + Marmarou’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + PMID:28214984 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11064-017-2186-z + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000870 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Huang SX, Qiu G, Cheng FR, Pei Z, Yang Z, Deng XH, Zhu JH, Chen L, Chen CC, Lin WF, Liu Y, Liu Z, Zhu FQ. Berberine Protects Secondary Injury in Mice with Traumatic Brain Injury Through Anti-oxidative and Anti-inflammatory ModulationNeurochem Res. 2018 Sep;43(9):1814-1825. doi: 10.1007\/s11064-018-2597-5. Epub 2018 Jul 19. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 155 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Huang SX,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 35 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 6 months old, weight 28–35 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 6 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 6 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 28 - 35 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Beam walk test, Immunofluorescent, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Lesion Volume Assessment, Morris Water Maze (MWM) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Immunofluorescence staining,Morphology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Beam walk test,Immunofluorescence staining,Morris water maze (MWM),Lesion Volume + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-018-2597-5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Male C57BL/6J mice (6 months old, weight 28–35 g) were purchased from the Laboratory Animal Centre of Sun Yat-Sen University (No. 2010-0107). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Male C57BL/6J mice (6 months old, weight 28–35 g) were purchased from the Laboratory Animal Centre of Sun Yat-Sen University (No. 2010-0107). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Laboratory Animal Centre of Sun Yat-Sen University (No. 2010-0107) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Male C57BL/6J mice (6 months old, weight 28–35 g) were purchased from the Laboratory Animal Centre of Sun Yat-Sen University (No. 2010-0107). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + A weight-drop device (Baianji Science and Technology, Beijing, China) was placed over the dura. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 20 g cylindrical weight (4.5 mm in diameter) was dropped from a height of 20 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + To induce TBI, a 20 g cylindrical weight (4.5 mm in diameter) was dropped from a height of 20 cm, compressing the dura at a maximum of 3 mm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Berberine dissolved in 0.9% saline (50 mg/kg) prior to use. Berberine or an equal volume of saline (0.01 ml/g) was administered at 1 h post-TBI by oral gavage, and continued once daily for a period of 21 days [21]., The mice were habituated to the testing environment, and then were randomly divided into three groups: (1) Sham-saline; (2) TBI-saline; (3) TBI-Berberine (50 mg/kg). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + Feeney’s Weight-drop contusion model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + PMID:30027364 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11064-018-2597-5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000871 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + Karakaya D, Cakir-Aktas C, Uzun S, Soylemezoglu F, Mut M. Tailored Therapeutic Doses of Dexmedetomidine in Evolving Neuroinflammation after Traumatic Brain InjuryNeurocrit Care. 2022 Jun;36(3):802-814. doi: 10.1007\/s12028-021-01381-3. Epub 2021 Nov 16. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 158 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + Karakaya D,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 35 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 30 and 35 g, age 8 to 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 30 g, 35 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + Immunofluorescence, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + Immunofluorescence staining,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS),Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-021-01381-3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + A total of 35 Swiss Albino mice (Hacettepe University Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry Brain Research Laboratories, Ankara, Turkey) weighing between 30 and 35 g with age 8 to 10 weeks were included in the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + Swiss Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + Swiss Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + Hacettepe University Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry Brain Research Laboratories, Ankara, Turkey + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + A total of 35 Swiss Albino mice (Hacettepe University Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry Brain Research Laboratories, Ankara, Turkey) weighing between 30 and 35 g with age 8 to 10 weeks were included in the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 80-g steel cylindrical weight fell from a height of 9 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + Then, the 80-g steel cylindrical weight fell from a height of 9 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + Mice were randomly divided into the following groups for each time points (24 or 72 h; n = 5): sham group (only scalp incision was performed), control groups (saline was injected intraperitoneally [ip]), TBI + Dex 40 groups (injected with 40 μg/kg Dex ip), and TBI + Dex 200 groups (injected with 200 μg/kg Dex ip), which were killed 24 or 72 h after trauma. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + PMID:34782991 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12028-021-01381-3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000872 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + Adedipe A, John AS, Krishnamoorthy V, Wang X, Steck DT, Ferreira R, White N, Stern S. Left Ventricular Function in the Initial Period After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in SwineNeurocrit Care. 2022 Mar 21. doi: 10.1007\/s12028-022-01468-5. Online ahead of print. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + fluid percussion device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + 159 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + Adedipe A,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + 30000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + 25–30 kg, immature + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + Immature + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + 25 - 30 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + Cardiac output, Cerebral blood flow, renal blood flow, Doppler imaging, Pulsed wave Doppler measurements, Transesophageal echocardiography, blood gas, central venous pressure, intracranial pressure monitor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + Brain measurement,Cerebrospinal fluid pressure,Imaging,Cardiac function,Blood pressure,Blood measurement + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + Doppler ultrasound,Blood gas analysis,Intracranial pressure (ICP),Transesophageal echocardiography,Cardiac output,Cerebral blood flow measurement,Central venous pressure + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-022-01468-5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + Left Ventricular Function in the Initial Period After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Swine + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + After 3–5 days of acclimation, immature (25–30 kg) female Yorkshire swine (Sus scrofa domestica) (Progressive Swine Farms, Woodinville, WA) were sedated with ketamine (20 mg/kg intramuscularly), induced with isoflurane (1–3%), and intubated. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + After 3–5 days of acclimation, immature (25–30 kg) female Yorkshire swine (Sus scrofa domestica) (Progressive Swine Farms, Woodinville, WA) were sedated with ketamine (20 mg/kg intramuscularly), induced with isoflurane (1–3%), and intubated. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + (Sus scrofa domestica) (Progressive Swine Farms, Woodinville, WA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + After 3–5 days of acclimation, immature (25–30 kg) female Yorkshire swine (Sus scrofa domestica) (Progressive Swine Farms, Woodinville, WA) were sedated with ketamine (20 mg/kg intramuscularly), induced with isoflurane (1–3%), and intubated. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + The saline-filled tube was connected directly to the bolt installed on the animal’s skull. To induce injury, the pendulum was pulled back a standardized distance and allowed to fall, striking a rubber seal on the end of a plexiglass piston., device consisting of a saline-filled tube and a weighted pendulum + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + Animals underwent TBI by fluid percussion using a device consisting of a saline-filled tube and a weighted pendulum., The saline-filled tube was connected directly to the bolt installed on the animal’s skull. To induce injury, the pendulum was pulled back a standardized distance and allowed to fall, striking a rubber seal on the end of a plexiglass piston. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + 25000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + PMID:35314968 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12028-022-01468-5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000873 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + Qubty D, Rubovitch V, Benromano T, Ovadia M, Pick CG. Orally Administered Cinnamon Extract Attenuates Cognitive and Neuronal Deficits Following Traumatic Brain InjuryJ Mol Neurosci. 2021 Jan;71(1):178-186. doi: 10.1007\/s12031-020-01688-4. Epub 2020 Sep 8. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + weight-drop head trauma device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 160 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + Qubty D,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 6–8 weeks, 30–40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 30 - 40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + Immunohistochemistry, Novel object recognition test, Y-Maze, elevated plus maze test, staircase test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Novel object recognition (NOR),Staircase test,Y Maze test,Elevated plus maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-020-01688-4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + The mice participated in this study were ICR males aged 6–8 weeks, within the average weight of 30–40 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + The mice participated in this study were ICR males aged 6–8 weeks, within the average weight of 30–40 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + The mice participated in this study were ICR males aged 6–8 weeks, within the average weight of 30–40 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + Brain injury was induced using a weight drop head trauma device, as previously described (Zohar et al. 2003; Milman et al. 2005). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 70-g weight, length of 80 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + A 70-g weight was released at the top of the tube for a free fall along its length to hit the right temporal lobe of the mouse’s brain between the eye and the ear., The device consists of a metal pipe with an internal diameter of 13 mm and a length of 80 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + The powder was screened up through sieve with 1-mL hole size. The active material was extracted from the powder into an aqueous phosphate buffer solution 0.02 M, pH 7, by stirring 50 g/L for 2 days. The supernatant was centrifuged and the clear solution was kept at 4 °C until it was given to mice as an oral administration in their drinking water in a ratio of 1:10 supernatant:water solution, 100 μg/mL. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + PMID:32901372 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12031-020-01688-4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000874 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + Rosas-Hernandez H, Cuevas E, Escudero-Lourdes C, Lantz SM, Gomez-Crisostomo NP, Sturdivant NM, Balachandran K, Imam SZ, Slikker W Jr, Paule MG, Ali SF. Characterization of Biaxial Stretch as an In Vitro Model of Traumatic Brain Injury to the Blood-Brain BarrierMol Neurobiol. 2018 Jan;55(1):258-266. doi: 10.1007\/s12035-017-0738-5. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + 161 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + Rosas-Hernandez H,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + 250–300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + 250 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + Apoptosis Assay, Evans blue method, S100β Quantification, Viability Assay, Western blot, necrosis index + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + Cellular assay,Immunoassay,Cytotoxicity assay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + Apoptosis assay,Evans blue dye,Western blot,Cell viability assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-017-0738-5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + Briefly, female C57BL/6J mice (20–25 g) were anesthetized using isoflurane and placed on a soft foam pad. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + mouse, rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + Briefly, female C57BL/6J mice (20–25 g) were anesthetized using isoflurane and placed on a soft foam pad., rBMVEC were isolated from brains of 250–300 g Sprague-Dawley rats as previously described [29]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + C57BL/6J, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + C57BL, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + Briefly, female C57BL/6J mice (20–25 g) were anesthetized using isoflurane and placed on a soft foam pad., rBMVEC were isolated from brains of 250–300 g Sprague-Dawley rats as previously described [29]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + cell injury controller II system + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + Deformation due to biaxial stretch was achieved using the cell injury controller II (CIC II) system (Custom Design and Fabrication) as previously described [19]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + 50-g weight was dropped onto the mouse head from either 30 cm (mild TBI; <  50 g-force) or 120 cm (moderate TBI; > 100 g-force) height within the tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + An acrylic tube was placed directly above the head of the mouse and a 50-g weight was dropped onto the mouse head from either 30 cm (mild TBI; <  50 g-force) or 120 cm (moderate TBI; > 100 g-force) height within the tube. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + To induce TBI, pressurized medicinal air was infused for 50 ms to reach pressure ranging from 0.46 to 4.0 psi to induce 5, 10, 15, 25, and 50% membrane stretch + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + To induce TBI, pressurized medicinal air was infused for 50 ms to reach pressure ranging from 0.46 to 4.0 psi to induce 5, 10, 15, 25, and 50% membrane stretch. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + PMID:28842857 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-017-0738-5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000875 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + Ahmed ME, Selvakumar GP, Kempuraj D, Raikwar SP, Thangavel R, Bazley K, Wu K, Khan O, Khan A, Zaheer S, Iyer S, Burton C, James D, Zaheer A. Glia Maturation Factor (GMF) Regulates Microglial Expression Phenotypes and the Associated Neurological Deficits in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain InjuryMol Neurobiol. 2020 Nov;57(11):4438-4450. doi: 10.1007\/s12035-020-02040-y. Epub 2020 Jul 31. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 162 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + Ahmed ME,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 10–12 weeks old, 25–30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 25 - 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + Lesion Volume, Cresyl Violet Staining, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), Grip Strength Test, Immunofluorescence, Novel object recognition test, Rotarod Test, Western blot, Y-Maze Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Morphology,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + Grip strength test,Novel object recognition (NOR),Y Maze test,Rotarod test,Immunofluorescence staining,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Cresyl violet staining,Western blot,Lesion Volume + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-020-02040-y + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + Male (10–12 weeks old) wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were maintained and housed at the University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, laboratory animal care facility and they were used in accordance with the guidance by the IACUC and National Institute of Health. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + Male (10–12 weeks old) wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were maintained and housed at the University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, laboratory animal care facility and they were used in accordance with the guidance by the IACUC and National Institute of Health. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, laboratory animal care facility + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + GMF-KO, wild-type (WT) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + Male (10–12 weeks old) wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were maintained and housed at the University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, laboratory animal care facility and they were used in accordance with the guidance by the IACUC and National Institute of Health. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + Male (10–12 weeks old) wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were maintained and housed at the University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, laboratory animal care facility and they were used in accordance with the guidance by the IACUC and National Institute of Health. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 35 g, 50-cm height + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + A 3-mm diameter blunt tip steel rod was released from a 50-cm height through a fixed hollow tube that was placed vertically over the exposed brain., Mice were placed on a spongy surface, the skin was incised, and the skull was exposed, using fixed weight (35 g). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + PMID:32737763 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-020-02040-y + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000876 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Furtado ABV, Gonçalves DF, Hartmann DD, Courtes AA, Cassol G, Nunez-Figueredo Y, Argolo DS, do Nascimento RP, Costa SL, da Silva VDA, Royes LFF, Soares FAA. JM-20 Treatment After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Reduces Glial Cell Pro-inflammatory Signaling and Behavioral and Cognitive Deficits by Increasing Neurotrophin ExpressionMol Neurobiol. 2021 Sep;58(9):4615-4627. doi: 10.1007\/s12035-021-02436-4. Epub 2021 Jun 19. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + 163 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Furtado ABV,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + 220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + 200–220 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + 200 - 220 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Object Recognition Memory Test, Open-Field Test, Western blot, Brain Water Content, qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunoassay,Molecular assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Open field test,qRT-PCR,Brain water content,Western blot,Object recognition test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-021-02436-4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Adult male Wistar rats weighing 200–220 g were used in this study. During the experimental protocol, animals were kept in cages with 3 animals each, with food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Adult male Wistar rats weighing 200–220 g were used in this study. During the experimental protocol, animals were kept in cages with 3 animals each, with food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Adult male Wistar rats weighing 200–220 g were used in this study. During the experimental protocol, animals were kept in cages with 3 animals each, with food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + acrylic weight of 54 g (2.5-cm diameter) was used to perform a free fall to reach the animal head, observing 100 cm of height (28 in.) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + An acrylic weight of 54 g (2.5-cm diameter) was used to perform a free fall to reach the animal head, observing 100 cm of height (28 in.). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + Animals were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) control, animals were not submitted to any protocol; (2) JM-20, treated with 8 mg/kg JM-20; (3) TBI, submitted to weight drop protocol and treated with vehicle; (4) TBI + JM-20, submitted to weight drop protocol and treated with 8 mg/kg JM-20. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + PMID:34148214 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-021-02436-4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000877 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + Mondal K, Takahashi H, Cole J 2nd, Del Mar NA, Li C, Stephenson DJ, Allegood J, Cowart LA, Chalfant CE, Reiner A, Mandal N. Systemic Elevation of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3-PUFA) Is Associated with Protection against Visual, Motor, and Emotional Deficits in Mice following Closed-Head Mild Traumatic Brain InjuryMol Neurobiol. 2021 Nov;58(11):5564-5580. doi: 10.1007\/s12035-021-02501-y. Epub 2021 Aug 8. PMC8655834 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + air blast model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + 164 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + Mondal K,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids analysis, Sphingolipids analysis, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Pavlovian fear conditioning, RT-PCR, Sphingomyelinase Assay, electroretinogram recording, open-field behavior assessment, optokinetic reflex measurement, tail suspension test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + Biochemical assay,Retina Function,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Open field test,RT-PCR,Electroretinography (ERG) test,Tail suspension test,Optokinetic reflex,Pavlovian fear conditioning + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-021-02501-y + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + Systemic Elevation of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3-PUFA) Is Associated with Protection against Visual, Motor, and Emotional Deficits in Mice following Closed-Head Mild Traumatic Brain Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + females + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + Fat1+ transgenic mice and WT mice for the present study were generated by breeding Fat1+ males on a C57/BL6 background and WT C57/BL6 females. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + mouse,mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + C57BL/6J, C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + C57BL,C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + modified paintball gun + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + The over-pressure air blast was delivered by a small horizontally mounted air canon system using a modified paintball gun (Invert Mini; Empire Paintball, Sewell, NJ). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + Empire Paintball + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + Sewell, NJ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + PMID:34365584 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000878 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-021-02501-y + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + Kempuraj D, Ahmed ME, Selvakumar GP, Thangavel R, Raikwar SP, Zaheer SA, Iyer SS, Govindarajan R, Nattanmai Chandrasekaran P, Burton C, James D, Zaheer A. Acute Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response and Neurovascular Disorders in the BrainNeurotox Res. 2021 Apr;39(2):359-368. doi: 10.1007\/s12640-020-00288-9. Epub 2020 Sep 21. PMC7502806 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + 165 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + Kempuraj D,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + 8-week-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Evans blue extravasation, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Novel object recognition test, Rotarod test, TUNEL staining, Western blot, lactate dehydrogenase release + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Immunofluorescence staining,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-020-00288-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + Closed head acute TBI was induced in 8-week-old male mice (CD-1 mice; the University of Missouri, Mutant Mouse Resource and Research Center and the University of Missouri Animal Modeling Core, Columbia, MO) by standard weight-drop procedure, as reported previously with slight modifications (Milman et al. 2005; Shishido et al. 2019; Zohar et al. 2003; Zvejniece et al. 2019). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + Closed head acute TBI was induced in 8-week-old male mice (CD-1 mice; the University of Missouri, Mutant Mouse Resource and Research Center and the University of Missouri Animal Modeling Core, Columbia, MO) by standard weight-drop procedure, as reported previously with slight modifications (Milman et al. 2005; Shishido et al. 2019; Zohar et al. 2003; Zvejniece et al. 2019). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + CD-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + CD-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + University of Missouri, Mutant Mouse Resource and Research Center and the University of Missouri Animal Modeling Core, Columbia, MO + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + 35 g was allowed to fall from 80 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + Then a metal weight of 35 g was allowed to fall from 80 cm above the head through a vertical tube and induced cortical contusion without craniotomy (Milman et al. 2005; Shishido et al. 2019; Zohar et al. 2003; Zvejniece et al. 2019). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + PMID:32955722 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12640-020-00288-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000879 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_000088 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000088 + 2022-10-11T05:20:00.995215Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000088 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000088 + Role + + + + ns1:BIKO_000088 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000088 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000088 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000485 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000088 + A role is particular behaviour which a material entity may exhibit. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + Plekhova NG, Radkov IV, Zinoviev SV, Dyuizen IV, Baryshev AN, Shumatov VB. Effect of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on Behavioral Reactions and Neocortical Morphology in RatsBull Exp Biol Med. 2021 Mar;170(5):672-676. doi: 10.1007\/s10517-021-05130-6. Epub 2021 Mar 31. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + 167 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + Plekhova NG,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + 200-250 g, mature + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + Mature + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + 200 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS), Neurological examination, Sensorimotor examination, Nissl staining, light/dark anxiety transition test, conditioned passive avoidance response, elevated plus-maze, histology, Hematoxylin and Eosin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + Histology,Neurological assessment,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + Elevated plus maze test,Sensorimotor examination,Neurological evaluation,Nissl staining,modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS),Histology,Conditioned passive avoidance response,Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-021-05130-6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + The experiments was carried out on mature maleWistar rats weighing 200-250 g in compliance withDirective 2010/63/EU of EU Council (On The Pro-tection of Animals Used for Scientific Purposes; Sep-tember 22, 2010). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + The experiments was carried out on mature maleWistar rats weighing 200-250 g in compliance withDirective 2010/63/EU of EU Council (On The Pro-tection of Animals Used for Scientific Purposes; Sep-tember 22, 2010). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + guiding tubefor a 200 g piston with cone height of 1 cm and strik-ing zone area of 3.14 mm 2 , which is released from aheight of 1 m down to occipital region of the head + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + The set-up included a tripod with a guiding tubefor a 200 g piston with cone height of 1 cm and strik-ing zone area of 3.14 mm 2 , which is released from aheight of 1 m down to occipital region of the head. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + Effect of TBI on Neurological Status of Rats Scored with mNSS, Mean Latency of Entering the Dark Chamber (sec)during CPAR of Rats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + PMID:33788107 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10517-021-05130-6.pdf + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000880 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + Namjoshi DR, Cheng WH, McInnes KA, Martens KM, Carr M, Wilkinson A, Fan J, Robert J, Hayat A, Cripton PA, Wellington CL. Merging pathology with biomechanics using CHIMERA (Closed-Head Impact Model of Engineered Rotational Acceleration): a novel, surgery-free model of traumatic brain injuryMol Neurodegener. 2014 Dec 1;9:55. doi: 10.1186\/1750-1326-9-55. PMC4269957 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + CHIMERA (Closed-Head Impact Model of Engineered Rotational Acceleration) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + 170 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + Namjoshi DR,et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + 17 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + 38 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + 33.9 ± 4.6 g, 4 months of age + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + 29.3 - 38.5 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + Barnes Maze test, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Histology, LRR, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), open field test, Silver staining, Western blot, Rotarod test, passive avoidance task, thigmotaxis index + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + Open field test,Silver staining,Rotarod test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Histology,Passive avoidance test,Western blot,Barnes maze test,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1326-9-55 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + Merging pathology with biomechanics using CHIMERA (Closed-Head Impact Model of Engineered Rotational Acceleration): a novel, surgery-free model of traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + C57Bl/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + pneumatic impactor system, pneumatic impactor system + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + pressure regulator and digital pressure gauge allow precise adjustment of air pressure to 0.1 psi (0.69 kPa), enabling accurate delivery of piston velocity and impact energy. Impact is induced with a 50 g free-floating chrome-coated steel piston whose trajectory is constrained to linear motion by a steel barrel, pneumatic impactor system + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + The pressure regulator and digital pressure gauge allow precise adjustment of air pressure to 0.1 psi (0.69 kPa), enabling accurate delivery of piston velocity and impact energy. Impact is induced with a 50 g free-floating chrome-coated steel piston whose trajectory is constrained to linear motion by a steel barrel. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + Closed head injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + 17 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + 29 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + PMID:25443413 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + https://molecularneurodegeneration.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1750-1326-9-55 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000881 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Turner RC, Naser ZJ, Lucke-Wold BP, Logsdon AF, Vangilder RL, Matsumoto RR, Huber JD, Rosen CL. Single low-dose lipopolysaccharide preconditioning: neuroprotective against axonal injury and modulates glial cellsNeuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2017 Jan;4:6-15. doi: 10.20517\/2347-8659.2016.40. Epub 2017 Jan 20. PMC5289820 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + 171 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Turner RC,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + 17 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + 3-4 months of age + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + 3 - 4 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + 3 - 4 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Fluoro-Jade B staining (FJB), Histology, Locomotor behavior, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Behavioral test,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Fluoro-Jade B staining (FJB),Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + https://doi.org/110.20517/2347-8659.2016.40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats (Hilltop) at 3-4 months of age were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats (Hilltop) at 3-4 months of age were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats (Hilltop) at 3-4 months of age were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + The animal was placed in a prone position on a foam bed with a metal disk directly beneath a 2-m tall Plexiglass tube. A 450-g weight was dropped from the top of the tube, striking the metal disk. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + The animal was placed in a prone position on a foam bed with a metal disk directly beneath a 2-m tall Plexiglass tube. A 450-g weight was dropped from the top of the tube, striking the metal disk. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Rats were pretreated with a single intraperitoneal injection of either 0.2 mg/kg LPS (Sigma-Aldrich) or 0.9% saline (equal volume) 7 days prior to TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + Impact acceleration injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + PMID:28164149 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + https://nnjournal.net/article/view/1695 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000882 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Chen H, Chan YL, Nguyen LT, Mao Y, de Rosa A, Beh IT, Chee C, Oliver B, Herok G, Saad S, Gorrie C. Moderate traumatic brain injury is linked to acute behaviour deficits and long term mitochondrial alterationsClin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2016 Nov;43(11):1107-1114. doi: 10.1111\/1440-1681.12650. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + 175 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Chen H,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + adult, ~250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Histology, Immunohistochemitry, Western blot, error ladder walking test, Novel object recognition test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Histology,Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Novel object recognition (NOR),Histology,Error ladder walking test,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1681.12650 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Thirty adult female Sprague Dawley rats (~250 g) were used. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Thirty adult female Sprague Dawley rats (~250 g) were used. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + Thirty adult female Sprague Dawley rats (~250 g) were used. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + New York University Impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + A 10 g weight, 2.5 mm diameter impactor head, was dropped from 5 cm onto the surface of the brain (S1Tr and S1BF areas) using a New York University Impactor57, 58 modified for brain injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + A 10 g weight, 2.5 mm diameter impactor head, was dropped from 5 cm onto the surface of the brain (S1Tr and S1BF areas) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + A 10 g weight, 2.5 mm diameter impactor head, was dropped from 5 cm onto the surface of the brain (S1Tr and S1BF areas) using a New York University Impactor57, 58 modified for brain injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + PMID:27557565 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1440-1681.12650 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000883 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Chen H, Chan YL, Nguyen LT, Mao Y, de Rosa A, Beh IT, Chee C, Oliver B, Herok G, Saad S, Gorrie C. Moderate traumatic brain injury is linked to acute behaviour deficits and long term mitochondrial alterationsClin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2016 Nov;43(11):1107-1114. doi: 10.1111\/1440-1681.12650. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + blast shock tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + 176 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Chen H,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Fractional anisotropy, Heart rate, core temperature, functional Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), regional heterogeneity, respiration + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Imaging,Cardiac function,Body temperature + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Heart rate,Core temperature monitoring,Functional Magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.13134 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Repeated blast mild traumatic brain injury and oxycodone self-administration produce interactive effects on neuroimaging outcomes + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Blast-exposed rats were positioned 17 cm from the end of a custom shock tube (3.6-cm inner diameter, 3.0-m driven section and 0.3-m driver section with Mylar membrane between the driver and driven sections) and 18 deg off axis from the shock tube to prevent interaction of the head with exhaust gases. The animal was positioned so the head was orthogonal to the expanding shockwave, resulting in the left side of the head being exposed to the shockwave. Blast overpressure (450 kPa, 80 kPa*ms) was produced by pressurizing the driver section with helium until the membrane ruptured. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Blast-exposed rats were positioned 17 cm from the end of a custom shock tube (3.6-cm inner diameter, 3.0-m driven section and 0.3-m driver section with Mylar membrane between the driver and driven sections) and 18 deg off axis from the shock tube to prevent interaction of the head with exhaust gases. The animal was positioned so the head was orthogonal to the expanding shockwave, resulting in the left side of the head being exposed to the shockwave. Blast overpressure (450 kPa, 80 kPa*ms) was produced by pressurizing the driver section with helium until the membrane ruptured. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + Repeated blast overpressure + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + PMID:27557565 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000884 + https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/adb.13134 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + De Feo R, Manninen E, Chary K, Hämäläinen E, Immonen R, Andrade P, Ndode-Ekane XE, Gröhn O, Pitkänen A, Tohka J. Hippocampal position and orientation as prognostic biomarkers for posttraumatic epileptogenesis: An experimental study in a rat lateral fluid percussion modelEpilepsia. 2022 Apr 22. doi: 10.1111\/epi.17264. Online ahead of print. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + lateral fluid percussion + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + 177 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + De Feo R,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + Imaging + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.17264 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + Hippocampal position and orientation as prognostic biomarkers for post-traumatic epileptogenesis – an experimental study in rat lateral fluid-percussion model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + ns1:BIKO_000029 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + PMID:35451496 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000885 + https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/epi.17264 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + Li Y, Bader M, Tamargo I, Rubovitch V, Tweedie D, Pick CG, Greig NH. Liraglutide is neurotrophic and neuroprotective in neuronal cultures and mitigates mild traumatic brain injury in miceJ Neurochem. 2015 Dec;135(6):1203-1217. doi: 10.1111\/jnc.13169. Epub 2015 Jun 18. PMC4644713 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + 178 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + Li Y,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + 30–40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + 30 - 40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + Histology, Immunohistochemitry, Western blot, error ladder walking test, Novel object recognition test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + Biochemical assay,Cytotoxicity assay,Cellular assay,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay,Y Maze test,Cell viability assay,Elevated plus maze test,Caspase 3 activity,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.13169 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + Male ICR mice weighing 30–40 g were used in our study and maintained under standard conditions, as described previously (Milman et al. 2005). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + Male ICR mice weighing 30–40 g were used in our study and maintained under standard conditions, as described previously (Milman et al. 2005). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + Male ICR mice weighing 30–40 g were used in our study and maintained under standard conditions, as described previously (Milman et al. 2005). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + device comprised a vertically mounted metal tube (80 cm long with an inner diameter of 13 mm) through which a 30 g metal weight was dropped + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + The device comprised a vertically mounted metal tube (80 cm long with an inner diameter of 13 mm) through which a 30 g metal weight was dropped. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + Liraglutide was administered to mice in a 7 day regimen of subcutaneous injections. Injections were made once a day, with the first injection administered 30 min after the injury. The dose of liraglutide was 246.7 μg/kg/day, which is equivalent to the human dose (20 μg/kg/day) normalized to body surface area across species. Mice were divided into four groups: a control group, an mTBI group, a liraglutide group, and an mTBI + liraglutide group. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + PMID:25982185 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jnc.13169 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000886 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + Hill JL, Kobori N, Zhao J, Rozas NS, Hylin MJ, Moore AN, Dash PK. Traumatic brain injury decreases AMP-activated protein kinase activity and pharmacological enhancement of its activity improves cognitive outcomeJ Neurochem. 2016 Oct;139(1):106-19. doi: 10.1111\/jnc.13726. Epub 2016 Aug 1. PMC5037010 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + electromagnetic cortical impact injury device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + 179 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + Hill JL,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + 20–25 g, 275–300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + 20 - 25 g, 275 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + Histology, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Beam balance test, Beam walk test, memory retention, rotarod + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + Histology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + Beam walk test,Beam balance test,Rotarod test,Histology,Memory retention test,Morris water maze (MWM) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.13726 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + Traumatic brain injury decreases AMP-activated protein kinase activity and pharmacological enhancement of its activity improves cognitive outcome + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + mouse, rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + C57BL/6, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + C57BL, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + Archived cortical and hippocampal samples were obtained from rats injured using an electromagnetic cortical impact injury device. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + This device uses an electromagnet to drive a piston attached to an impactor tip onto the exposed surface of the brain at a predetermined velocity and depth. For these experiments, the impactor tip was 5 mm in diameter with a flat bottom that was slightly beveled on the edge to minimize tissue tearing. Injury velocity was 6.0 m/s with a 2.7 mm tissue deformation. The impactor tip remained in contact with the brain for a period of 150 msec before being retracted. Based on histological data, these injury parameters produce a moderate-severe injury. After injury, the wound was closed and a topical analgesic was applied for pain management. Mice were treated essentially as described above, except a 5 mm craniotomy (halfway between bregma and lambda, 0.5 mm lateral to midline) was produced and the injury depth was 1.0 mm at a velocity of 4.0 m/s using a 3 mm diameter impact tip. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + This device uses an electromagnet to drive a piston attached to an impactor tip onto the exposed surface of the brain at a predetermined velocity and depth. For these experiments, the impactor tip was 5 mm in diameter with a flat bottom that was slightly beveled on the edge to minimize tissue tearing. Injury velocity was 6.0 m/s with a 2.7 mm tissue deformation. The impactor tip remained in contact with the brain for a period of 150 msec before being retracted. Based on histological data, these injury parameters produce a moderate-severe injury. After injury, the wound was closed and a topical analgesic was applied for pain management. Mice were treated essentially as described above, except a 5 mm craniotomy (halfway between bregma and lambda, 0.5 mm lateral to midline) was produced and the injury depth was 1.0 mm at a velocity of 4.0 m/s using a 3 mm diameter impact tip. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + metformin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + 500 mg/kg AICAR, 250 mg/kg metformin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + For assessing the effects of AICAR and metformin on AMPK phosphorylation and activity, mice (n = 4/group) were injured and then randomly assigned to receive either 500 mg/kg AICAR, 250 mg/kg metformin, or vehicle (n = 4/group) 15 min and 24 h after injury by i.p. injection. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + 20 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + PMID:27379837 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jnc.13726 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000887 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Lu KT, Huang TC, Tsai YH, Yang YL. Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 channels mediate Na-K-Cl-co-transporter-induced brain edema after traumatic brain injuryJ Neurochem. 2017 Mar;140(5):718-727. doi: 10.1111\/jnc.13920. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + special weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + 180 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Lu KT,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + 350–400 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + 350 - 400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Brain water content, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Western blot,Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.13920 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Adult male Wistar rats weighing 350–400 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Adult male Wistar rats weighing 350–400 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + BioLASCO, Taiwan, Co., Ltd., Yi-Lan, Taiwan + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Adult male Wistar rats weighing 350–400 g were used in this study., The rats were purchased from BioLASCO, Taiwan, Co., Ltd., Yi-Lan, Taiwan and housed individually in a temperature-controlled animal colony at 24°C, with a normal 12 : 12-h light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + As a TBI model, a special weight-drop device with a foam bed on the bottom, similar to that described by Marmarou et al. (1994), was used to deliver a standard traumatic impact to the animals + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + 450 g weight was allowed to fall freely and vertically from a height of 1.8 m onto the metal helmet + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + Rats were then placed in a prone position on the bottom plate of the weight-drop device, and a 450 g weight was allowed to fall freely and vertically from a height of 1.8 m onto the metal helmet. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + To elucidate the activity of TRPV4 in TBI-induced brain edema, the TRPV4 non-specific TRPV4 inhibitor, ruthenium red (8.6 mg/kg; Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA) (Amann et al., 1990) and more specific TRPV4 antagonist (RN1734, 1 mg/kg, i.p.; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) (Fichna et al. 2012), were administered immediately after TBI. Similar to our earlier study (Lu et al. 2008), some groups of rats were intravenously injected with bumetanide, an NKCC1-specific inhibitor (15.2 mg/kg, Sigma-Aldrich). The protocols for all animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the National Chia-Yi University (No. 101033). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + PMID:27926982 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jnc.13920 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000888 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Li H, Sun J, Du J, Wang F, Fang R, Yu C, Xiong J, Chen W, Lu Z, Liu J. Clostridium butyricum exerts a neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury via the gut-brain axisNeurogastroenterol Motil. 2018 May;30(5):e13260. doi: 10.1111\/nmo.13260. Epub 2017 Nov 27. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + weight-drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + 181 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Li H,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + 22 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + 18-22 g, 6-8 weeks old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + 18 - 22 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Evans blue permeability assay, Immunofluorescence staining, TUNEL staining, Western blot, Immunofluorescence, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Immunofluorescence staining,modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS),Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Evans blue dye + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13260 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Male C57BL/6 mice (18-22 g, 6-8 weeks old) were purchased from the Experiment Animal Centre of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Male C57BL/6 mice (18-22 g, 6-8 weeks old) were purchased from the Experiment Animal Centre of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Experiment Animal Centre of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Male C57BL/6 mice (18-22 g, 6-8 weeks old) were purchased from the Experiment Animal Centre of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + A 20-g weight was dropped from a height of 20 cm onto the target area + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + A 20-g weight was dropped from a height of 20 cm onto the target area, after which the scalp wound was closed using standard suture material. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Mice in the Cb group were intragastrically administered with Cb (109 CFU/ml) once daily for 14 consecutive days prior to the onset of TBI, and then following TBI, they were intragastrically treated once daily for 14 consecutive days. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + 18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + PMID:29193450 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nmo.13260 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000889 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000089 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000089 + 2022-10-11T05:20:44.965035Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000089 + https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2308-8813 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000089 + Study group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000089 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000174 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000089 + A study population role where the bearer is a population of material entities and the role is realized in the implementation of a study design wherein the entities bearing the study population role are observed or subjected to intervention according to the study design and are biological replicates, i.e. they receive the same treatment under the protocol + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Zhang B, Wang B, Cao S, Wang Y. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) Attenuates Traumatic Brain Injury by Inhibition of Edema Formation and Oxidative StressKorean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2015 Nov;19(6):491-7. doi: 10.4196\/kjpp.2015.19.6.491. Epub 2015 Oct 16. PMC4637351 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + weight-drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + 191 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Zhang B,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + 220~250 g, 6~8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + 200 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Evans blue dye, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), SOD activity, GSH-PX activity, MDA activity, qRT-PCR, Western blot, Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Biochemical assay,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Malondialdehyde (MDA) assay,qRT-PCR,Brain water content,Glutathione activity,Western blot,Superoxide dismutase activity,Evans blue dye + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.6.491 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6~8 weeks old, 220~250 g) were purchased from Beijing HFK Bio-Technology Co., Ltd (Beijing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6~8 weeks old, 220~250 g) were purchased from Beijing HFK Bio-Technology Co., Ltd (Beijing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Beijing HFK Bio-Technology Co., Ltd (Beijing, China) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6~8 weeks old, 220~250 g) were purchased from Beijing HFK Bio-Technology Co., Ltd (Beijing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Focal brain trauma was induced by dropping a 20 g steel weight with a flat end from a height of 30 cm onto the left lateral skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + Focal brain trauma was induced by dropping a 20 g steel weight with a flat end from a height of 30 cm onto the left lateral skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + EGCG (Sigma-Aldrich Co, St Louis, MO) was dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) to a final concentration of 20 mg/ml. All rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: sham+vehicle (PBS), TBI+vehicle (PBS) and TBI+EGCG. After TBI, rats were administered immediately with PBS or 100 mg/kg EGCG intraperitoneally according to previous study [18]. At 12, 24, 48 and 72 h following trauma, rats were sacrificed for analysis. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + PMID:26557015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + https://synapse.koreamed.org/articles/1026055 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000890 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + Hawryluk GW, Phan N, Ferguson AR, Morabito D, Derugin N, Stewart CL, Knudson MM, Manley G, Rosenthal G. Brain tissue oxygen tension and its response to physiological manipulations: influence of distance from injury site in a swine model of traumatic brain injuryJ Neurosurg. 2016 Nov;125(5):1217-1228. doi: 10.3171\/2015.7.JNS15809. Epub 2016 Feb 5. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + 192 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + Hawryluk GW,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + 45000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + 35 to 45 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + 35 - 45 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + Respiratory rate, T2-weighted Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), arterial blood gas, cerebral perfusion pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, end-tidal CO2, oxygen saturation, heart rate, intracranial pressure, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood, partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + Tissue assay,Cerebrospinal fluid pressure,Imaging,Cardiac function,Blood pressure + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + Cerebral perfusion pressure,mean arterial blood pressure (MAP),Intracranial pressure (ICP),T2-weighted Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),Heart rate,Arterial blood gas test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + https://doi.org/10.3171/2015.7.JNS15809 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + Brain tissue oxygen tension and its response to physiological manipulations: influence of distance from injury site in a swine model of traumatic brain injury, CCI device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + The right frontal dura was exposed but kept intact. The head was then placed in the CCI device24 (Bioengineering Department, Medical College of Virginia). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + CCI was performed using the following parameters: velocity 3.5 m/sec, dwell time 400 msec, and depth of depression 11 mm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + 35000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + PMID:26848909 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg/125/5/article-p1217.xml + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000891 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + Marmarou A, Foda MA, van den Brink W, Campbell J, Kita H, Demetriadou K. A new model of diffuse brain injury in rats. Part I: Pathophysiology and biomechanicsJ Neurosurg. 1994 Feb;80(2):291-300. doi: 10.3171\/jns.1994.80.2.0291. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + 193 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + Marmarou A,et al.,1994 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + strip chart, blood pH, blood pO2, blood pCO2, blood HCO3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + Blood measurement + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + Blood oxygen analysis (blood pO2),Blood bicarbonate analysis (blood HCO3),Blood carbon dioxide analysis blood (pCO2),Blood pH + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.80.2.0291 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + A new model of diffuse brain injury in rats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + 450 gm and 500 gm from a height of 2 m, The trauma device consists of a column of brass weights falling freely by gravity onto a metallic helmet fixed to the skull vertex of the rat by dental acrylic. The brass weights, each 50 gm, were threaded so that they could be connected to produce a falling weight ranging from 50 to 500 gm. From a designated height, the weight falls through a 2-m vertical section of a transparent Plexiglas tube held in place with a ring stand. The helmet is a stainless-steel disc 10 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick. The contact side of the disc is grooved concentrically to accept acrylic and firm the contact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + Following the procedure described before, two different impacts (450 gm and 500 gm from a height of 2 m) were used to determine the upper limit that would produce a mortality rate of approximately 50% with a low incidence of skull fracture., The trauma device consists of a column of brass weights falling freely by gravity onto a metallic helmet fixed to the skull vertex of the rat by dental acrylic. The brass weights, each 50 gm, were threaded so that they could be connected to produce a falling weight ranging from 50 to 500 gm. From a designated height, the weight falls through a 2-m vertical section of a transparent Plexiglas tube held in place with a ring stand. The helmet is a stainless-steel disc 10 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick. The contact side of the disc is grooved concentrically to accept acrylic and firm the contact. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + PMID:8283269 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000892 + https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg/80/2/article-p291.xml + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + Foda MA, Marmarou A. A new model of diffuse brain injury in rats. Part II: Morphological characterizationJ Neurosurg. 1994 Feb;80(2):301-13. doi: 10.3171\/jns.1994.80.2.0301. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + 194 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + Foda MA,et al.,1994 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + 375 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + 350 to 375 gm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + 350 - 375 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + light microscope, Immunocytochemistry, electron microscope + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + Immunofluorescence staining,Microscopy + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + Immunocytochemistry,Electron microscope,Light microscope + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.80.2.0301 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + A new model of diffuse brain injury in rats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + A cylindrical column of brass weighing 450 gm was allowed to fall through a clear Plexiglas tube onto a small rounded stainless-steel disc fixed to the central portion of the skull vault of the rat. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + A cylindrical column of brass weighing 450 gm was allowed to fall through a clear Plexiglas tube onto a small rounded stainless-steel disc fixed to the central portion of the skull vault of the rat. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + Impact acceleration model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + PMID:8283270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg/80/2/article-p301.xml + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000893 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + Engelborghs K, Verlooy J, Van Reempts J, Van Deuren B, Van de Ven M, Borgers M. Temporal changes in intracranial pressure in a modified experimental model of closed head injuryJ Neurosurg. 1998 Nov;89(5):796-806. doi: 10.3171\/jns.1998.89.5.0796. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + 195 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + Engelborghs K,et al.,1998 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + 380 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + 340 and 380 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + 340 g, 380 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + Histology, microsensor probe + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1998.89.5.0796 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + Temporal changes in intracranial pressure in a modified experimental model of closed head injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + Sprague-Dawley, Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + Sprague-Dawley, Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + 400 g but the impact height was increased to 70 cm and the stiffness of the table was reduced by adjustment of the spring resistance (k = 1290 N/m), Photographs showing the head injury device, The second element is a rigid plastic horizontal platform (10 × 30 cm, 475 g) mounted on replaceable springs of variable elasticity. The movable platform is assembled in a plexiglass chamber in which six springs are asymmetrically positioned to allow a vertical downward displacement of the entire horizontal platform after impact. A stereotactic apparatus is mounted on the plexiglass chamber to allow accurate positioning of the rat. To permit acceleration of the head after the initial blow, the stereotactic headframe is removed before impact. To eliminate lateral twisting of the animal's head after removing the stereotactic apparatus or during impact-acceleration trauma, two soft foam cushions mounted on mobile rods support the lateral sides of the head. The interaural line is used as a reference coordinate to focus the impact at a level between −3 mm and +6 mm from the bregma in the rostrocaudal axis according to Paxinos and Watson.19 In the lateral axis, earbar markers are used to center the impact. Because the head is supported by this stiff platform, critical hyperextension of the neck during impact-acceleration trauma is avoided. The rat is secured on the platform by means of three 5-cm-wide Velcro strips., The trauma device is composed of two elements (Fig. 1). The upper part is a hollow plexiglass column with an inner diameter of 20 mm and a length of 1.5 m. The column is perforated at regular intervals to permit initiation of weight drops from various heights. It contains a segmented stainless steel cylinder with an outer diameter of 19 mm, which was constructed to allow stepwise weight variations between 50 and 500 g. Once released, the steel cylinder falls freely by gravity. A nylon string that passes through a smooth central aperture of a metal lid fixed to the top of the plexiglass tube supports the cylinder. A slightly deformable silicone disc 9 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick is attached to the impact side of the cylinder. An automatic security device is provided at the bottom to prevent rebound impact of the cylinder. The whole setting is firmly fixed to a horizontal base and precisely leveled. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + The second element is a rigid plastic horizontal platform (10 × 30 cm, 475 g) mounted on replaceable springs of variable elasticity. The movable platform is assembled in a plexiglass chamber in which six springs are asymmetrically positioned to allow a vertical downward displacement of the entire horizontal platform after impact. A stereotactic apparatus is mounted on the plexiglass chamber to allow accurate positioning of the rat. To permit acceleration of the head after the initial blow, the stereotactic headframe is removed before impact. To eliminate lateral twisting of the animal's head after removing the stereotactic apparatus or during impact-acceleration trauma, two soft foam cushions mounted on mobile rods support the lateral sides of the head. The interaural line is used as a reference coordinate to focus the impact at a level between −3 mm and +6 mm from the bregma in the rostrocaudal axis according to Paxinos and Watson.19 In the lateral axis, earbar markers are used to center the impact. Because the head is supported by this stiff platform, critical hyperextension of the neck during impact-acceleration trauma is avoided. The rat is secured on the platform by means of three 5-cm-wide Velcro strips., The trauma device is composed of two elements (Fig. 1). The upper part is a hollow plexiglass column with an inner diameter of 20 mm and a length of 1.5 m. The column is perforated at regular intervals to permit initiation of weight drops from various heights. It contains a segmented stainless steel cylinder with an outer diameter of 19 mm, which was constructed to allow stepwise weight variations between 50 and 500 g. Once released, the steel cylinder falls freely by gravity. A nylon string that passes through a smooth central aperture of a metal lid fixed to the top of the plexiglass tube supports the cylinder. A slightly deformable silicone disc 9 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick is attached to the impact side of the cylinder. An automatic security device is provided at the bottom to prevent rebound impact of the cylinder. The whole setting is firmly fixed to a horizontal base and precisely leveled., The weight was kept constant at 400 g but the impact height was increased to 70 cm and the stiffness of the table was reduced by adjustment of the spring resistance (k = 1290 N/m). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + Impact acceleration model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + 340 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + PMID:9817418 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg/89/5/article-p796.xml + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000894 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Duhaime AC, Margulies SS, Durham SR, O'Rourke MM, Golden JA, Marwaha S, Raghupathi R. Maturation-dependent response of the piglet brain to scaled cortical impactJ Neurosurg. 2000 Sep;93(3):455-62. doi: 10.3171\/jns.2000.93.3.0455. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + cortical injury device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + 196 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Duhaime AC,et al.,2000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + 17 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + 1-month-old, 4-month-old, 5-day-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + 1 months, 4 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + 1 months, 4 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Histology, Hematoxylin and Eosin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Histology,Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.2000.93.3.0455 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Maturation-dependent response of the piglet brain to scaled cortical impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + sex + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + sex + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Using these data, the indentation volumes used to create the injury in piglets in each age group were chosen such that the total volume and specific dimensions of indentation would be proportional to these changes in physical dimensions with maturation. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + The sterilized cortical indentation device was secured to the bone opening, and the appropriately sized indentor tip for each age group was threaded securely into the indentor collar. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + device was tested using a laser displacement transducer and was shown to deliver highly reproducible firing traces with a time course of 4 msec and an indentation velocity of 1.7 m/second, Cortical indentation was effected by a portable, stainless-steel spring-loaded device into which interchangeable blunted cylindrical stainless-steel indentor tips can be secured + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Cortical indentation was effected by a portable, stainless-steel spring-loaded device into which interchangeable blunted cylindrical stainless-steel indentor tips can be secured., The device was tested using a laser displacement transducer and was shown to deliver highly reproducible firing traces with a time course of 4 msec and an indentation velocity of 1.7 m/second. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + Focal contusion injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + 1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + PMID:10969944 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg/93/3/article-p455.xml + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000895 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Chen Y, Li J, Ma B, Li N, Wang S, Sun Z, Xue C, Han Q, Wei J, Zhao RC. MSC-derived exosomes promote recovery from traumatic brain injury via microglia\/macrophages in ratAging (Albany NY). 2020 Sep 23;12(18):18274-18296. doi: 10.18632\/aging.103692. Online ahead of print. PMC7585083 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + spring-loaded controlled cortical impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 197 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Chen Y,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 311 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 300 ± 11 g, Adult, six to eight weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 289 - 311 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + CM-DiI dye, DiR dye, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), TUNEL staining, Western blot, qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Immunofluorescence staining,Cytological technique,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),qRT-PCR,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Cell Tracing & Tracking,Western blot,TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103692 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats aged six to eight weeks and weighing 300 ± 11 g (Charles River, Beijing, China) were housed in the animal facility of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats aged six to eight weeks and weighing 300 ± 11 g (Charles River, Beijing, China) were housed in the animal facility of Peking Union Medical College Hospital., Human adipose tissue was obtained from donors who underwent liposuction surgery. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Charles River, Beijing, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats aged six to eight weeks and weighing 300 ± 11 g (Charles River, Beijing, China) were housed in the animal facility of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 25-g weight fall from a height of 20 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + TBI was induced by Feeney's weight-drop method [56], with a 25-g weight fall from a height of 20 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + The rats received a contralateral intracerebroventricular injection of a 20 μL solution containing either hADSC (5.0 x 105 cells per rat, based on previous reports [57–59]), hADSC-ex (20 μg total protein per rat, 2.0 x 1010 particles/mL) or PBS, 24 h after injury (Figure 1A). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + 289 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + PMID:32966240 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + https://www.aging-us.com/article/103692/text + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000896 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Weiss E, Dhir T, Collett A, Reola M, Kaplan M, Minimo C, Omert L, Leung P. Effect of complement C1-esterase inhibitor on brain edema and inflammation after mild traumatic brain injury in an animal modelClin Exp Emerg Med. 2020 Jun;7(2):87-94. doi: 10.15441\/ceem.19.050. Epub 2020 Jun 30. PMC7348678 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + constructed TBI apparatus + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + 198 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Weiss E,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + 100–200 g weight, approximately 30-day-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + 30 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + 100 - 200 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + wet weight-dry weight, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Body weight,Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Wet weight-dry weight,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + https://doi.org/10.15441/ceem.19.050 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Thirty-six male, approximately 30-day-old Sprague Dawley rats (Taconic, New York, NY, USA; about 100–200 g weight) were purchased. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Thirty-six male, approximately 30-day-old Sprague Dawley rats (Taconic, New York, NY, USA; about 100–200 g weight) were purchased. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Taconic, New York, NY, USA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Thirty-six male, approximately 30-day-old Sprague Dawley rats (Taconic, New York, NY, USA; about 100–200 g weight) were purchased. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + 400-g cylindrical weight was released from one meter, force of 3.92 N + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + A 400-g cylindrical weight was released from one meter and impacted the skull at 90°, generating a force of 3.92 N. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + TBI with C1-INH rats received an injection of 25 IU/kg of C1-INH (Berinert; CSL Behring GmbH, King of Prussia, PA, USA) following anesthesia, and a TBI was induced (i.e., C1-INH administration and TBI were essentially simultaneous). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + 100 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + PMID:32635699 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + https://www.ceemjournal.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.15441/ceem.19.050 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000897 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + Cai Z, Zhu W, Zhao H, Yang P, Yang Y, Xu F. Dynamic Expression of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-D and Phosphorylated Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor-Β after Traumatic Brain Injury in RatsClin Lab. 2020 Nov 1;66(11). doi: 10.7754\/Clin.Lab.2020.200328. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + 199 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + Cai Z,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + immunofluorescence, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + Western blot,Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + https://doi.org/10.7754/clin.lab.2020.200328 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + No species reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + PMID:33180440 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000898 + https://www.clin-lab-publications.com/article/3566 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + Fang J, Wang H, Zhou J, Dai W, Zhu Y, Zhou Y, Wang X, Zhou M. Baicalin provides neuroprotection in traumatic brain injury mice model through Akt\/Nrf2 pathwayDrug Des Devel Ther. 2018 Aug 10;12:2497-2508. doi: 10.2147\/DDDT.S163951. eCollection 2018. PMC6089097 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 205 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + Fang J,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 28–32 g, 6–8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + Brain water content, Immunofluorescence, Malondialdehyde level, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), qRT-PCR, TUNEL staining, Western blot, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + Biochemical assay,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + Malondialdehyde (MDA) assay,Superoxide dismutase analysis,Immunofluorescence staining,qRT-PCR,Brain water content,Glutathione levels,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S163951 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + Male Institute of Cancer Research mice (6–8 weeks, 28–32 g) were housed under controlled environmental conditions with a 12-hour light/dark cycle and were given free access to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + Animal Experimental Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + Male Institute of Cancer Research mice (6–8 weeks, 28–32 g) were housed under controlled environmental conditions with a 12-hour light/dark cycle and were given free access to food and water., The animals were purchased from Animal Experimental Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 200 g of weight releasing from the height of 2.5 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + After confirming the correct impact location again, the skull was impacted by a 200 g of weight releasing from the height of 2.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + All mice were randomly assigned to the following groups: sham, TBI, TBI + vehicle (V), and TBI + Baicalin (involving three subgroups: 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg)., The dose of Baicalin injection used in this study was based on previous studies performed on the cerebral ischemia models.20,25 Baicalin (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St Louis, MO, USA) or equivalent volumes of saline were administered intraperitoneally in the TBI + Baicalin or TBI + V groups for 30 minutes after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + PMID:30127597 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + https://www.dovepress.com/baicalin-provides-neuroprotection-in-traumatic-brain-injury-mice-model-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDT + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000899 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000090 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000090 + 2022-10-11T05:21:01.827731Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000090 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000090 + Control group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000090 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000090 + A group separated from the rest of the experiment where the independent variable(s) being tested cannot influence the results. This isolates the independent variable's effects on the experiment and can help rule out alternate explanations of the experimental results. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Liang J, Wu S, Xie W, He H. Ketamine ameliorates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in experimental traumatic brain injury via the Nrf2 pathwayDrug Des Devel Ther. 2018 Apr 16;12:845-853. doi: 10.2147\/DDDT.S160046. eCollection 2018. PMC5907785 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + 206 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Liang J,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + 28–32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Nissl staining, Western blot, Brain water content, grip test, spectrophotometer, Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Analytical technique,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Grip strength test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Nissl staining,Brain water content,Spectrometer,Western blot,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S160046 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (Experimental Animal Centre of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China), weighing 28–32 g, were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (Experimental Animal Centre of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China), weighing 28–32 g, were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Experimental Animal Centre of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (Experimental Animal Centre of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China), weighing 28–32 g, were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + 200 g weight + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + After locating the left anterior frontal area (the impact area), a 200 g weight was released onto the skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Mice (132 mice were used, 18 mice died) were randomly divided into five groups, namely Sham (n = 24), Sham + ketamine (n = 6), TBI (n = 24), TBI + vehicle (n = 24), TBI + ketamine (three subgroups: 30 [n = 6], 60 [n = 6], and 100 [n = 6] mg/kg)., The mice in the TBI + ketamine groups were injected intraperitoneally with the respective dose of ketamine (Hengrui, Jiangsu, China), 30 min after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + Marmarou’s Weight drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + PMID:29713142 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + https://www.dovepress.com/ketamine-ameliorates-oxidative-stress-induced-apoptosis-in-experimenta-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDT + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000900 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + Fu C, Wang Q, Zhai X, Gao J. Sinomenine reduces neuronal cell apoptosis in mice after traumatic brain injury via its effect on mitochondrial pathwayDrug Des Devel Ther. 2018 Jan 5;12:77-84. doi: 10.2147\/DDDT.S154391. eCollection 2018. PMC5759853 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + 207 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + Fu C,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + 28–32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + Brain water content, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Nissl staining, Western blot, grip test, spectrophotometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + Analytical technique,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + Grip strength test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Nissl staining,Brain water content,Western blot,Spectrometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S154391 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice weighing 28–32 g were obtained from the Experiment Animal Center of Nanjin Medical University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + Experiment Animal Center of Nanjin Medical University + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice weighing 28–32 g were obtained from the Experiment Animal Center of Nanjin Medical University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + 200 g weight was dropped + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + After locating the left anterior frontal area, a 200 g weight was dropped. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + All the ICR mice were divided into the following six groups (n=18 per group): sham, TBI, TBI + vehicle, and TBI + SIN (with three subgroups receiving different SIN doses: 10, 30, and 70 mg/kg)., The mice in the three TBI + SIN subgroups were intraperitoneally injected with SIN (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St Louis, MO, USA) at 10, 30, and 70 mg/kg, respectively, 30 min after onset of TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + Marmarou’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + PMID:29379271 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + https://www.dovepress.com/sinomenine-reduces-neuronal-cell-apoptosis-in-mice-after-traumatic-bra-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDT + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000901 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Caron AM, Stephenson R. Sleep deprivation does not affect neuronal susceptibility to mild traumatic brain injury in the ratNat Sci Sleep. 2015 Jun 22;7:63-72. doi: 10.2147\/NSS.S82888. eCollection 2015. PMC4482367 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + 208 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Caron AM,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + 434 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + 369–434 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + 369 - 434 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Nissl staining, light microscope, silver staining, toluidine blue + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Microscopy,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Nissl staining,Toluidine blue stain,Light microscope,Silver staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S82888 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Studies were performed using 68 male Sprague Dawley rats divided into seven groups: perfusion-fixed home cage control (HCC; n=12, body weight range 369–434 g), perfusion-fixed stimulus control (SDC; n=6, 394–435 g), immersion-fixed positive control (IMM; n=13, 351–717 g), 48 hours of TSD (n=8, 283–390 g), TBI (n=6, 339–399 g), 48 hours of TSD followed by TBI (TSD-TBI; n=13, 314–438 g), and 10 days of CSR (daily 18-hour sleep deprivation and 6-hour sleep opportunity) followed by TBI (CSR-TBI; n=10, 373–439 g). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Studies were performed using 68 male Sprague Dawley rats divided into seven groups: perfusion-fixed home cage control (HCC; n=12, body weight range 369–434 g), perfusion-fixed stimulus control (SDC; n=6, 394–435 g), immersion-fixed positive control (IMM; n=13, 351–717 g), 48 hours of TSD (n=8, 283–390 g), TBI (n=6, 339–399 g), 48 hours of TSD followed by TBI (TSD-TBI; n=13, 314–438 g), and 10 days of CSR (daily 18-hour sleep deprivation and 6-hour sleep opportunity) followed by TBI (CSR-TBI; n=10, 373–439 g). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Studies were performed using 68 male Sprague Dawley rats divided into seven groups: perfusion-fixed home cage control (HCC; n=12, body weight range 369–434 g), perfusion-fixed stimulus control (SDC; n=6, 394–435 g), immersion-fixed positive control (IMM; n=13, 351–717 g), 48 hours of TSD (n=8, 283–390 g), TBI (n=6, 339–399 g), 48 hours of TSD followed by TBI (TSD-TBI; n=13, 314–438 g), and 10 days of CSR (daily 18-hour sleep deprivation and 6-hour sleep opportunity) followed by TBI (CSR-TBI; n=10, 373–439 g). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + A Plexiglas tube (20 mm internal diameter) was positioned vertically above the cranial disk and used as a guide for a brass projectile (impact surface 6 mm diameter). In preliminary studies, we determined that a weight of 500 g dropped from a height of 100 cm was sufficient to produce significant neuronal trauma (as indicated by DN formation) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + A Plexiglas tube (20 mm internal diameter) was positioned vertically above the cranial disk and used as a guide for a brass projectile (impact surface 6 mm diameter). In preliminary studies, we determined that a weight of 500 g dropped from a height of 100 cm was sufficient to produce significant neuronal trauma (as indicated by DN formation) without macroscopically detectable contusive injury, and this procedure was used in all rats subjected to TBI in the present study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Briefly, sleep deprivation was imposed using a walking wheel revolving at 6.4 cm · s–1. The wheel was used in an intermittent rotation mode (8 seconds on and 8 seconds off cycle). In TSD, wheel rotations began at lights on (zeitgeber time, ZT0) and ended 48 hours later at the end of the dark period. In CSR, daily wheel rotations began at ZT6 (midday) and ended at the end of the dark period (ZT24). Thus, the wheel was immobile for 6 hours (ZT0–ZT6), providing a daily sleep opportunity during the early light phase. This was repeated on each of 10 consecutive days. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + Impact injury model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + 369 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + PMID:26124685 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + https://www.dovepress.com/sleep-deprivation-does-not-affect-neuronal-susceptibility-to-mild-trau-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NSS + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000902 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + Yoon YS, Cho KH, Kim ES, Lee MS, Lee KJ. Effect of Epidural Electrical Stimulation and Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Rats With Diffuse Traumatic Brain InjuryAnn Rehabil Med. 2015 Jun;39(3):416-24. doi: 10.5535\/arm.2015.39.3.416. Epub 2015 Jun 30. PMC4496513 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + 209 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + Yoon YS,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + 285 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + 270-285 g, eight weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + 270 - 285 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Limb placing test, Performance time rate , RRT, SPRT, limb placing test, Hematoxylin and Eosin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + Behavioral test,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Single pellet reaching task,Rotarod test,Hematoxylin and eosin stain,Limb placing test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2015.39.3.416 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + The current study was conducted with 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats (10 rats per group) aged eight weeks and weighing 270-285 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + The current study was conducted with 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats (10 rats per group) aged eight weeks and weighing 270-285 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + The current study was conducted with 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats (10 rats per group) aged eight weeks and weighing 270-285 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + dropped an object of 450 g in weight onto the rat's head from a height of 1 m, inducing diffuse TBI + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + As proposed by Ucar et al. [10], we dropped an object of 450 g in weight onto the rat's head from a height of 1 m, inducing diffuse TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + An electrode was connected to an electrical stimulator (HSRG Neuro; Cybermedic, Iksan, Korea) (Fig. 1). The voltage corresponding to 50% of the movement threshold [5] was used as the magnitude for the therapeutic stimulation. We selected a frequency of 50 Hz, a pulse duration of 194 µs, and continuous anodal stimulation for 24 hours a day, administered to the ES group between days 1 and 14 following the onset of TBI [7]. During the stimulation, there were no abnormal movements of the head and extremities or muscle contractions., The rats were placed in a customized mount in which the head and body were immobilized. The center of the magnetic stimulator (BioCon-1000C; Mcube Technology, Seoul, Korea) was placed on the bregma and positioned 1 cm away from the skull (Fig. 1). The magnetic coil had an oval shape with a width of 90 mm, a height of 60 mm, and a thickness of 7 mm. The magnitude of the maximum magnetic field was 1 Tesla. Between days 1 and 14 following the onset of TBI, we applied stimulations with an intensity corresponding to 90% of the maximal intensity and a frequency of 10 Hz for three seconds followed by a 6-second resting period. The stimulations were performed for 10 minutes in the morning and 10 minutes in the afternoon, with a total of 4,000 stimulations a day. During the stimulations, there were also no abnormal incidents. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + Marmarou’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + Limb placing test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + 270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + PMID:26161348 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + https://www.e-arm.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.5535/arm.2015.39.3.416 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000903 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Yu KP, Yoon YS, Lee JG, Oh JS, Lee JS, Seog T, Lee HY. Effects of Electric Cortical Stimulation (ECS) and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Rats With a Traumatic Brain InjuryAnn Rehabil Med. 2018 Aug;42(4):502-513. doi: 10.5535\/arm.2018.42.4.502. Epub 2018 Aug 31. PMC6129703 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + 210 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Yu KP,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + 285 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + 270–285 g, 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + 270 - 285 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Histology, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Neurological examination, RRT, SPRT, Single pellet reaching task, Y-maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Behavioral test,Neurological assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Single pellet reaching task,Y Maze test,Neurological evaluation,Rotarod test,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.4.502 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Thirty Sprague–Dawley male rats (Samtako BioKorea, Daejeon, Korea) that were eight-weeks old weighing 270–285 g were randomly divided into three experimental groups: (1) the ECS group (n=10), (2) the tDCS group (n=10); and (3) the control group (n=10). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Thirty Sprague–Dawley male rats (Samtako BioKorea, Daejeon, Korea) that were eight-weeks old weighing 270–285 g were randomly divided into three experimental groups: (1) the ECS group (n=10), (2) the tDCS group (n=10); and (3) the control group (n=10). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Samtako BioKorea, Daejeon, Korea + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + Thirty Sprague–Dawley male rats (Samtako BioKorea, Daejeon, Korea) that were eight-weeks old weighing 270–285 g were randomly divided into three experimental groups: (1) the ECS group (n=10), (2) the tDCS group (n=10); and (3) the control group (n=10). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + For inducing the brain injury, we applied the weight drop model instrument modified by Feeney et al. [10], adapting the method of Ducker [11] to induce a spinal cord injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + (A) The guided tube was kept at a 90° angle to the bottom and was perforated every 1 cm interval to prevent air compression in the tube. (B) A falling object is released directly onto the exposed dura., Above the impact point, an incision of 2.5 cm on the scalp was cut and after a circular craniotomy (d=3 mm) the dura mater was dissected and the cortical impact lesion was induced by dropping a round piece of brass with cross-sectional diameter of 2 mm onto the rat’s brain., round piece of brass with cross-sectional diameter of 2 mm onto the rat’s brain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + ECS +The electrode implantation method for cortical stimulation was followed from Yang et al. [14] and Yoon et al. [12] (Fig. 2A–2C). A 3-mm diameter round bipolar stimulating electrode, made of stainless steel (Oscor Inc., Tampa, FL, USA), was inserted to the anterior margin of the target site. The electrode and swivel conductor were connected by wires and this line was connected to the electric stimulator (HSRG Neuro; Cybermedic, Iksan, Korea). The stimulation intensity was set to a voltage equivalent of 50% of the movement threshold [14]. Monophasic, pulse wave, and anodal currents were used, and the stimulation frequency was 50 Hz with pulse duration of 194 μs for 24 hours a day from days 3 to 28 after inserting the electrode., tDCS +A rubber electric stimulation pad (HUREV, Wonju, Korea) 1 cm in diameter custom-made for tDCS was used, and the anodal pad was fixed on the skin above the lesion with dental filler (CharmFil Flow; Dentkist Inc., Gunpo, Korea) to cover the entire brain injury site. The cathodal pad was attached to the trunk and surrounded by sellotape to avoid displacement. Electric stimulation was applied using a custom-made electric stimulator (Cybermedic), with an intensity of 0.1 mA and pulse duration of 200 μs at 50 Hz for 30 minutes a day from days 3 to 28 after electrode positioning. Since cortical excitability can persist for 90 minutes after simulation in tDCS [15], the SPRT, RRT, and Y-maze were performed 1 hour after electric stimulation (Fig. 2D). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + 270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + PMID:30180518 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + https://www.e-arm.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.5535/arm.2018.42.4.502 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000904 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + Selvakumar GP, Ahmed ME, Iyer SS, Thangavel R, Kempuraj D, Raikwar SP, Bazley K, Wu K, Khan A, Kukulka K, Bussinger B, Zaheer S, Burton C, James D, Zaheer A. Absence of Glia Maturation Factor Protects from Axonal Injury and Motor Behavioral Impairments after Traumatic Brain InjuryExp Neurobiol. 2020 Jun 30;29(3):230-248. doi: 10.5607\/en20017. PMC7344375 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + 211 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + Selvakumar GP,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + 10~12 weeks, 25-30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + 25 - 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + Hang test, Immunofluorescence, Nissl staining, Western blot, tail suspension test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + Histology,Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + Nissl staining,Wire hang test,Tail suspension test,Immunofluorescence staining,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + https://doi.org/10.5607/en20017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + Wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice (25~30 gm), aged between 10~12 weeks, were maintained and housed at The University of Missouri, Columbia laboratory animal care facility, and they were used in accordance with the guidelines approved by the IACUC and National Institutes of Health. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + The University of Missouri, Columbia laboratory animal care facility + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + GMF-KO, Wild type (WT) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + The C57BL/6 global glia maturation factor knockout (GMF-KO) mice were generated in our laboratory [50, 54, 55], and colonies of these mice were permanently sustained in our laboratory for our studies., Wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice (25~30 gm), aged between 10~12 weeks, were maintained and housed at The University of Missouri, Columbia laboratory animal care facility, and they were used in accordance with the guidelines approved by the IACUC and National Institutes of Health. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + Wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice (25~30 gm), aged between 10~12 weeks, were maintained and housed at The University of Missouri, Columbia laboratory animal care facility, and they were used in accordance with the guidelines approved by the IACUC and National Institutes of Health. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + metal weight (3 mm diameter, 35 gm) that drops freely from a height of 50 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + An iron metal weight (3 mm diameter, 35 gm) that drops freely from a height of 50 cm was used to induce high acceleration and upon impact cause a shearing in the target area of injury as needed which was identified as the right frontal anterior region of the brain area (1.5 mm lateral to the midline in front of the coronal plane). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + PMID:32565489 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + https://www.en-journal.org/journal/view.html?uid=519 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000905 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + Maheras AL, Dix B, Carmo OMS, Young AE, Gill VN, Sun JL, Booker AR, Thomason HA, Ibrahim AE, Stanislaw L, Dallego JC, Ngo CN, Chen A, Fortini BK, Spence RD. Genetic Pathways of Neuroregeneration in a Novel Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Model in Adult ZebrafisheNeuro. 2018 Jan 3;5(1):ENEURO.0208-17.2017. doi: 10.1523\/ENEURO.0208-17.2017. eCollection 2018 Jan-Feb. PMC5752677 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + 212 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + Maheras AL,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + Differential gene expression analysis, qRT-PCR, T-maze + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + Expression analysis,Molecular assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + T maze test,Gene expression analysis,qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0208-17.2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + females + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + We used 15 males and 15 females equally divided between each time point. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + zebrafish + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + All animals used were commercially acquired adult zebrafish (Danio rerio), homozygous with lofdt2, a long-fin mutation. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + No species reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + No species reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + lofdt2, a long-fin mutation + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + All animals used were commercially acquired adult zebrafish (Danio rerio), homozygous with lofdt2, a long-fin mutation. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + The apparatus consists of a 36-inch laboratory support stand as the base, with a three-prong adjustable clamp that holds a 10-cm plastic tube with an outer diameter of 12.7 mm (0.5 inches) and an inner diameter of 4.76 mm (0.187 inches) from ePlastics, A single 4.5-mm steel BB, with a mass of 0.33 g and weight of 0.0032 N, was dropped, reaching a maximum speed of 1.5 m/s in 0.073 s, and striking the cranium with a maximum impact energy of 35 mJ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + A single 4.5-mm steel BB, with a mass of 0.33 g and weight of 0.0032 N, was dropped, reaching a maximum speed of 1.5 m/s in 0.073 s, and striking the cranium with a maximum impact energy of 35 mJ., The apparatus consists of a 36-inch laboratory support stand as the base, with a three-prong adjustable clamp that holds a 10-cm plastic tube with an outer diameter of 12.7 mm (0.5 inches) and an inner diameter of 4.76 mm (0.187 inches) from ePlastics. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + PMID:29302617 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000906 + https://www.eneuro.org/content/5/1/ENEURO.0208-17.2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + Shi J, Li X, Cavagnaro MJ, Cai J, Zhang C, Li N. A Versatile Pep-CPDs Nanoprobe for Rapid Detection of mTBI Biomarker in Clinical Instances and Safe Fluorescence Imaging In Vivo for Improved Weight-Drop Mouse ModelFront Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Mar 7;10:807486. doi: 10.3389\/fbioe.2022.807486. eCollection 2022. PMC8942774 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + adjustable electromagnetic-driven piston impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 213 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + Shi J,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 10–12 weeks, 23–30 years, 25–28 g, 27 years, Six-week-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 25 - 28 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 23–30 years, 27 years + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + Fluorescence Imaging, LDH assay, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), UV-visible spectra, beam balance, transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + Sensor,Imaging,Cytotoxicity assay,Microscopy,Assay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay,Beam balance test,Ultraviolet (UV) visible spectrum,Zeta potential,Fluorescence Imaging,Microscopy,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.807486 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + A Versatile Pep-CPDs Nanoprobe for Rapid Detection of mTBI Biomarker in Clinical Instances and Safe Fluorescence Imaging In Vivo for Improved Weight-Drop Mouse Model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + For the experiment, male, pathogen-free C57 mice (10–12 weeks, 25–28 g) were selected. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + For the experiment, male, pathogen-free C57 mice (10–12 weeks, 25–28 g) were selected., Serum samples were collected from the patients with a mean age of 27 years (range, 23–30 years) enrolled in the current study, and all the patients had no underlying severe hypercerebral hemorrhage before sample collection., Six-week-old male/female C57 mice were purchased from the Department of Laboratory Animals, Central South University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + C57 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + Department of Laboratory Animals, Central South University + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + For the experiment, male, pathogen-free C57 mice (10–12 weeks, 25–28 g) were selected., Six-week-old male/female C57 mice were purchased from the Department of Laboratory Animals, Central South University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + adjustable electromagnetic-driven piston impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + The experimental device and measurement system were developed especially for this study. The equipment’s main body was an improved weight-drop impactor based on Professor M.A. Flierl’s classical TBI model (Flierl et al., 2009), newly produced and improved by Professor Na Li from our research team. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + drop tube with the impact shaft was loaded with the weight of 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + Our improved mechanical device is delivered to the intact dura via an adjustable electromagnetic-driven piston (impactor) of variable diameter, thus providing a more localized injury with a velocity control grating and real-time photography system, which could not only ensure model integrity but also help to improve the model quality by providing design suggestions and best practices., Then, a drop tube with the impact shaft was loaded with the weight of 300 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + PMID:35340839 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2022.807486/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000907 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + Doulames VM, Vilcans M, Lee S, Shea TB. Social interaction attenuates the extent of secondary neuronal damage following closed head injury in miceFront Behav Neurosci. 2015 Oct 15;9:275. doi: 10.3389\/fnbeh.2015.00275. eCollection 2015. PMC4606018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + 214 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + Doulames VM,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + 52 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + 9–12 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + 9 - 12 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + 9 - 12 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + 39 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + Corticosterone Enzyme Assay, Novel object recognition test, OxiSelect Total Antioxidant Capacity Assay, Y Maze, immunoblot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + Immunoassay,Hormone measurement,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + Cortisol Measurement,Y Maze test,Novel object recognition (NOR),Immunoblot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00275 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + Normal C57B1/6J female mice, 9–12 months of age (30 in each of two experiments), obtained from Charles River, were housed in our facility for 7 days, after which they were subjected to CHI using a standardized weight drop device (Northeast Biomedical, Tyngsboro, MA) modeled according to Flierl et al. (2009). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + Normal C57B1/6J female mice, 9–12 months of age (30 in each of two experiments), obtained from Charles River, were housed in our facility for 7 days, after which they were subjected to CHI using a standardized weight drop device (Northeast Biomedical, Tyngsboro, MA) modeled according to Flierl et al. (2009). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + Charles River + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + Normal C57B1/6J female mice, 9–12 months of age (30 in each of two experiments), obtained from Charles River, were housed in our facility for 7 days, after which they were subjected to CHI using a standardized weight drop device (Northeast Biomedical, Tyngsboro, MA) modeled according to Flierl et al. (2009). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + Normal C57B1/6J female mice, 9–12 months of age (30 in each of two experiments), obtained from Charles River, were housed in our facility for 7 days, after which they were subjected to CHI using a standardized weight drop device (Northeast Biomedical, Tyngsboro, MA) modeled according to Flierl et al. (2009). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + The weighted rod of the device was aligned with upper left quadrant of the skull and allowed to free-fall from a height of 0.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + The weighted rod of the device was aligned with upper left quadrant of the skull and allowed to free-fall from a height of 0.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + 39 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + PMID:26528156 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00275/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000908 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Dickerson MR, Murphy SF, Urban MJ, White Z, VandeVord PJ. Chronic Anxiety- and Depression-Like Behaviors Are Associated With Glial-Driven Pathology Following Repeated Blast Induced NeurotraumaFront Behav Neurosci. 2021 Dec 10;15:787475. doi: 10.3389\/fnbeh.2021.787475. eCollection 2021. PMC8703020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + shock tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + 215 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Dickerson MR,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + 286 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + 10-week-old, 275.6 ± 10.5 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + 265.1 - 286.1 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Elevated Plus Maze, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Histology, Three-Chamber Sociability Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Histology,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Histology,Three chambers sociability test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Elevated plus maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.787475 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Chronic Anxiety- and Depression-Like Behaviors Are Associated With Glial-Driven Pathology Following Repeated Blast Induced Neurotrauma + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Advanced Blast Simulator + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Briefly, the blast wave was generated using a custom Advanced Blast Simulator (ABS; 200 cm × 30.48 cm × 30.48 cm) located at the Center for Injury Biomechanics at Virginia Tech University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Animals were exposed to three static overpressure insults (16.40 ± 1.54) separated by 1 h each (3 × 1 h; n = 11)., Pressure measurements were collected at 250 kHz using a Dash 8HF data acquisition system (Astro-Med, Inc., West Warwick, RI, USA). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + Animals were exposed to three static overpressure insults (16.40 ± 1.54) separated by 1 h each (3 × 1 h; n = 11)., Pressure measurements were collected at 250 kHz using a Dash 8HF data acquisition system (Astro-Med, Inc., West Warwick, RI, USA). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + 265 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + PMID:34955781 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.787475/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000909 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000091 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000091 + 2022-10-11T05:24:24.029587Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000091 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000304 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000091 + Experimental group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000091 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000304 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000091 + A group of samples/individals that is exposed to (one of) the independent variable (s) being tested. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + Rui Q, Ni H, Gao F, Dang B, Li D, Gao R, Chen G. LRRK2 Contributes to Secondary Brain Injury Through a p38\/Drosha Signaling Pathway After Traumatic Brain Injury in RatsFront Cell Neurosci. 2018 Mar 1;12:51. doi: 10.3389\/fncel.2018.00051. eCollection 2018. PMC5837969 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + 216 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + Rui Q,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + 250–280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + 250 - 280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + TUNEL staining, Brain water content, Fluoro-Jade B staining (FJB), Immunofluorescence, RT- PCR, Western blot, modified Garcia score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + modified Garcia test,Fluoro-Jade B staining (FJB),Immunofluorescence staining,Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining,RT- PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2018.00051 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + One hundred and thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 250–280 g) were purchased from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + One hundred and thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 250–280 g) were purchased from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + One hundred and thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 250–280 g) were purchased from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + A copper weight (4 mm in diameter, 5 mm in height) was placed onto the cranial dura, and trauma was introduced by setting up a 40-g, flat-end steel rod and inducing its fall onto the copper weight from a height of 25 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + A copper weight (4 mm in diameter, 5 mm in height) was placed onto the cranial dura, and trauma was introduced by setting up a 40-g, flat-end steel rod and inducing its fall onto the copper weight from a height of 25 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + In the second experiment, 84 rats (90 rats were used and 84 rats survived) were randomly divided into the following seven groups: the sham group, TBI+DMSO vehicle group (Vehicle, intraperitoneal injection), TBI+low-dose PF-06447475 group [PF-475(L), 3 mg/kg, IP], TBI+high-dose PF-06447475 group [PF-475(H), 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection], TBI+over-vector group (Over-Ctr, intracerebroventricular injection, ICV), TBI+LRRK2 overexpression group (Over-LRRK2, ICV), and TBI+LRRK2 overexpression+Drosha overexpression group (Over-LRRK2&Drosha, ICV)., Intracerebroventricular injection drug administration was performed as previously described (Shen et al., 2015). Briefly, rats were placed in a stereotaxic apparatus under 4% chloral hydrate anesthesia, and the drugs were inserted using a 100-μl Hamilton syringe (Hamilton Company, United States) through a burr hole into the right lateral ventricles at the following coordinates relative to the bregma: 1.5 mm posterior, 1.0 mm lateral, and 3.2 mm below the horizontal plane of the skull (Shen et al., 2015). Specific pDNA for LRRK2 and Drosha was obtained from Guangzhou Ribo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, China). Full-length LRRK2 or Drosha cDNA was cloned into pcDNA3.1(+) using the cytomegalovirus promoter. The pDNA was dissolved in the transfection reagent and diluted with 0.9% saline. Twenty microliters of pDNA (500 pmol/10 μl) or vehicle (transfection reagent in saline) was administered by ICV injection at a rate of 0.5 μl/min at 24 h before TBI modeling. The cannula remained in place for an additional 5 min and was then withdrawn slowly over 5 min. Finally, the incision was closed with sutures, and the rats were allowed to recover. Additionally, LRRK2 inhibitor PF-475 (Sigma, United states) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted with 0.9% saline to a final concentration of < 1% DMSO. One milliliter of PF-475 (3, 5 mg/kg) or vehicle (DMSO in saline) was injected intraperitoneally at 1 h post-TBI modeling (Atashrazm and Dzamko, 2016). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + PMID:29545743 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2018.00051/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000910 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Kuo CW, Chang MY, Liu HH, He XK, Chan SY, Huang YZ, Peng CW, Chang PK, Pan CY, Hsieh TH. Cortical Electrical Stimulation Ameliorates Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Sensorimotor and Cognitive Deficits in RatsFront Neural Circuits. 2021 Jun 14;15:693073. doi: 10.3389\/fncir.2021.693073. eCollection 2021. PMC8236591 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + 217 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Kuo CW,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + 350–400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + 350 - 400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Adhesion-Removal Test, beam walk, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS), Novel object recognition test, open field test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Immunofluorescence staining,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,Beam walk test,modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS),Adhesion Removal Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.693073 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Experiments were carried out on male Sprague-Dawley rats (350–400 g) obtained from the Animal Center of Chang Gung University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Experiments were carried out on male Sprague-Dawley rats (350–400 g) obtained from the Animal Center of Chang Gung University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Animal Center of Chang Gung University + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + Experiments were carried out on male Sprague-Dawley rats (350–400 g) obtained from the Animal Center of Chang Gung University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + 450-g brass weight falling from 2 m through a vertical transparent Plexiglas tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + TBI was induced using a 450-g brass weight falling from 2 m through a vertical transparent Plexiglas tube (Figure 1A). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + For the stimulation protocol of CES, we applied a popular and specific rTMS paradigm, the continue theta-burst stimulation (TBS; cTBS) and intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) protocol, have been proposed for inducing more efficient long-term potentiation (LTP) or long-term depression (LTD)-like plasticity in the motor cortex beyond the short period of stimulation and lower intensity (Huang et al., 2005; Fitzgerald et al., 2006; Khedr et al., 2007). The basic pattern of cTBS or iTBS consisted of three pulses at 50 Hz and repeated every 200 ms (Figure 2). In the cTBS paradigm, the stimuli were given in a continuous train lasting 40 s (i.e., 600 bursts; Huang et al., 2005). The iTBS scheme was given in a 2-s train and repeated every 10 s for 20 cycles (190 s, total 600 pulses). The stimulus intensity was set at 80% resting motor threshold (RMT). The RMT was defined as the minimal intensity of CES required for eliciting minimal forelimb muscle twitches. Under the intensity at 80% RMT for CES treatment, no obvious muscle twitches were observed during CES treatment., In the CES treatment group, the CES intervention protocols were divided into two stages: the acute stage and the chronic stage. In the acute stage (24 h-1 week post-TBI), the CES treatment protocol using continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) was designed for the suppression of the hyperexcitability cascade, which may prevent or minimize some of the disabling consequences of TBI and have a potential therapeutic effect (Demirtas-Tatlidede et al., 2012; Villamar et al., 2012). In the chronic stages ( >1 week), the CES parameter using intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) was set to modulate or increase brain plasticity, which could be useful to reduce functionally maladaptive changes to counter disability (Demirtas-Tatlidede et al., 2012). One day after the TBI lesion, the TBI animals in the CES group received the CES-cTBS protocol at an intensity of 80% RMT for 40 s daily for five consecutive days on the first 7 days. In the subacute and chronic stage, from 7 days to 28 days post-TBI, the CES-iTBS protocol (1 session/day, five consecutive days/week, pulse intensity = 80% of the RMT) was carried out to evoke neural facilitation (Figure 2). In the sham CES treatment group, the TBI rats also experienced the same CES protocol but did not receive any electrical stimulation at the same time points. All TBI rats were allowed to move freely during the CES or sham CES intervention. Behavioral tests, including open field locomotor activity tests, adhesion removal tests, beam walking, and mNSS, were performed at baseline (pre-TBI) and 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-TBI lesion. For the cognitive measure in TBI rats, because the exploratory behavior could be influenced by the impairment of locomotor ability during the novel object recognition test, to avoid this potential confound, the novel object recognition test was assessed pre-lesion and at 28 days post-TBI lesion. Immunohistochemistry analysis was applied on day 28 post-TBI lesion to identify the changes in neural inflammation levels following CES treatment. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + PMID:34194304 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncir.2021.693073/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000911 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + Anderson LM, Samineni S, Wilder DM, Lara M, Eken O, Urioste R, Long JB, Arun P. The Neurobehavioral Effects of Buprenorphine and Meloxicam on a Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Model in the RatFront Neurol. 2021 Oct 12;12:746370. doi: 10.3389\/fneur.2021.746370. eCollection 2021. PMC8545992 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + shock tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + 218 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + Anderson LM,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + 7–8 weeks, 250-275 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + open field test, Novel object recognition test, righting reflex timing, rotating pole test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Righting reflex,Open field test,Rotating pole test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.746370 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + The Neurobehavioral Effects of Buprenorphine and Meloxicam on a Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Model in the Rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + Advanced Blast Simulator + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + For tightly coupled repeated blast exposures, the rats were exposed to two 19 psi blast overpressure waves separated by 2 min as described earlier + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + For tightly coupled repeated blast exposures, the rats were exposed to two 19 psi blast overpressure waves separated by 2 min as described earlier (22, 48). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + Both medications were selected due to their duration of action of 12–24 h of analgesic activity (40, 49, 50). The injections were given approximately 1 h prior to the blast to ensure maximum serum concentrations (40, 50, 51) and therefore maximum analgesic properties. The neurobehavioral effects of these medications on animals with repeated blast exposures were studied for a total of 28 days post-blast, when the animals were humanely euthanized., For animals in the experimental groups receiving pain reducing medications, each animal was given one subcutaneous injection of either meloxicam (Metacam®, Boehringer Ingelheim, Duluth, GA) at 1.4 mg/kg or a longer-acting formulation of buprenorphine (Simbadol®, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ) at 0.24 mg/kg based on their body weights. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + PMID:34712199 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.746370/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000912 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + De Feo R, Hämäläinen E, Manninen E, Immonen R, Valverde JM, Ndode-Ekane XE, Gröhn O, Pitkänen A, Tohka J. Convolutional Neural Networks Enable Robust Automatic Segmentation of the Rat Hippocampus in MRI After Traumatic Brain InjuryFront Neurol. 2022 Feb 17;13:820267. doi: 10.3389\/fneur.2022.820267. eCollection 2022. PMC8891699 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + lateral fluid percussion + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + 220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + De Feo R,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + CNN-based segmentation maps, Loss Function, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hippocampus segmentation task, skull-stripping task + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Algorithm,Imaging + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Convolutional neural networks (CNN) based segmentation map,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.820267 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Convolutional Neural Networks Enable Robust Automatic Segmentation of the Rat Hippocampus in MRI After Traumatic Brain Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Envigo Laboratories B.V., The Netherlands) were used., Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Envigo Laboratories S.r.l., Udine, Italy) were used for the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Envigo Laboratories B.V., The Netherlands) were used., Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Envigo Laboratories S.r.l., Udine, Italy) were used for the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + (Envigo Laboratories B.V., The Netherlands), (Envigo Laboratories S.r.l., Udine, Italy) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Envigo Laboratories B.V., The Netherlands) were used., Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Envigo Laboratories S.r.l., Udine, Italy) were used for the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + ns1:BIKO_000029 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + Number of MRI scans per cohort (EpiBioS4Rx, EPITARGET) in different time points and treatment groups [TBI, sham-operated experimental controls]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + PMID:35250823 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000913 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.820267/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + Yang Y, Wang H, Li L, Li X, Wang Q, Ding H, Wang X, Ye Z, Wu L, Zhang X, Zhou M, Pan H. Sinomenine Provides Neuroprotection in Model of Traumatic Brain Injury via the Nrf2-ARE PathwayFront Neurosci. 2016 Dec 23;10:580. doi: 10.3389\/fnins.2016.00580. eCollection 2016. PMC5179594 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + 221 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + Yang Y,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + 28–32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + Brain water content, Immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, Western blot , grip test, qRT-PCR, spectrophotometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + Analytical technique,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + Grip strength test,Immunofluorescence staining,qRT-PCR,Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Spectrometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00580 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + Male ICR mice weighing 28–32 g were obtained from the Animal Center of Jinling Hospital. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + Animal Center of Jinling Hospital + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + Male ICR mice weighing 28–32 g were obtained from the Animal Center of Jinling Hospital. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + 200 g weight was released and dropped onto the skull from a height of 2.5 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + The impact area (left anterior frontal region, 1.5 mm lateral to the midline on the midcoronal plane) was located, and a 200 g weight was released and dropped onto the skull from a height of 2.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + SIN was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) and freshly prepared in saline containing 1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) just before injection. Animals in the TBI + SIN and TBI + vehicle groups received SIN or equal volumes of 1% DMSO, respectively, 30 min after TBI. Animals in the sham + SIN and sham + vehicle groups received SIN or vehicle intraperitoneally 30 min after surgery. The mice were sacrificed 24 h after TBI for biochemical and histological analyses. The doses used in this study were based on a study of neuroprotection of SIN in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model (Wu et al., 2011)., Ten (TBI, n = 3; TBI + vehicle, n = 3; TBI + 10 mg/kg SIN, n = 1; TBI + 30 mg/kg SIN, n = 2; TBI + 50 mg/kg SIN, n = 1) TBI mice died before sacrifice, and the mortality rate was 6.7%. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + Behavior scores. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + PMID:28066165 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2016.00580/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000914 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + He GY, Zhao CH, Wu DG, Cheng H, Sun LA, Zhang DL, Yang XJ, Fan XR, Di GF, Jiang XC. S100A8 Promotes Inflammation via Toll-Like Receptor 4 After Experimental Traumatic Brain InjuryFront Neurosci. 2021 Feb 3;14:616559. doi: 10.3389\/fnins.2020.616559. eCollection 2020. PMC7887321 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + 222 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + He GY,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + 28–32 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Immunofluorescence, Neurological evaluation, Nissl Staining, Western blot, modified Garcia method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + Immunoassay,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Neurological assessment,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + Neurological evaluation,modified Garcia test,Nissl staining,Immunofluorescence staining,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.616559 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + Adult male, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (28–32 g) were purchased from the Animal Center of Qinglongshan (Nanjing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + Adult male, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (28–32 g) were purchased from the Animal Center of Qinglongshan (Nanjing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + Animal Center of Qinglongshan (Nanjing, China) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + Adult male, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (28–32 g) were purchased from the Animal Center of Qinglongshan (Nanjing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + 200 g from a height of 3 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + In order to achieve the target area, at 1.5 mm lateral to the midline on the mid-coronal plane, an impact was made using an object that weighed 200 g from a height of 3 cm onto the left lateral skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + TAK-242 (MCE; Monmouth Junction, NJ, United States) was intraperitoneally administered (0.3 mg/kg) to mice in the TBI+TAK-242 and S100A8+TAK-242 groups at 0.5 h prior to the intracerebroventricular administration of S100A8 or TBI. For mice in the S100A8 and S100A8+TAK-242 groups, S100A8 recombinant protein (3 μg) at a volume of 5 μl was injected into the lateral ventricle of the brain, according to a previous report (Yamada et al., 2011). However, for mice in the NS group, sterile normal saline (5 μl) was injected into the left lateral ventricle. Briefly, the coordinates for the intracerebroventricular injection were 1.8 mm lateral from the midsagittal suture, 0.7 mm posterior to the bregma, and -2.5 mm from the flat skull surface. The intracerebroventricular injection was performed at 30 min after the TAK-242 was intraperitoneally administered to mice. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + Neurological evaluation in sham, S100A8, S100A8+TAK-242, TBI, and TBI+TAK-242 groups. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + PMID:33613176 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2020.616559/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000915 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + Honig MG, Del Mar NA, Henderson DL, O'Neal D, Doty JB, Cox R, Li C, Perry AM, Moore BM, Reiner A. Raloxifene Modulates Microglia and Rescues Visual Deficits and Pathology After Impact Traumatic Brain InjuryFront Neurosci. 2021 Oct 29;15:701317. doi: 10.3389\/fnins.2021.701317. eCollection 2021. PMC8585747 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + 223 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + Honig MG,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + Electroretinogram, Light aversion, NanoString analysis, qPCR, optic nerve axon counts, RT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + Retina Function,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + qPCR,RT-PCR,Electroretinography (ERG) test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.701317 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + Raloxifene Modulates Microglia and Rescues Visual Deficits and Pathology After Impact Traumatic Brain Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + A 3-mm-diameter blunt metal impactor tip was retracted and positioned above the sagittal suture before each impact, centered at 1.5 mm caudal to Bregma. The injury was triggered electromagnetically and the impact was delivered at a strike velocity of 5 m/s, a strike depth of 1.0 mm, and a dwell time of 200 ms; these parameters were chosen based on experiments from the Crawford lab (Mouzon et al., 2012) showing that they produce TBI but do not fracture the skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + A 3-mm-diameter blunt metal impactor tip was retracted and positioned above the sagittal suture before each impact, centered at 1.5 mm caudal to Bregma. The injury was triggered electromagnetically and the impact was delivered at a strike velocity of 5 m/s, a strike depth of 1.0 mm, and a dwell time of 200 ms; these parameters were chosen based on experiments from the Crawford lab (Mouzon et al., 2012) showing that they produce TBI but do not fracture the skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + Impact model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + PMID:34776838 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.701317/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000916 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Gupta A, Dovek L, Proddutur A, Elgammal FS, Santhakumar V. Long-Term Effects of Moderate Concussive Brain Injury During Adolescence on Synaptic and Tonic GABA Currents in Dentate Granule Cells and Semilunar Granule CellsFront Neurosci. 2022 Mar 14;16:800733. doi: 10.3389\/fnins.2022.800733. eCollection 2022. PMC8964009 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Fluid percussion injury device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + 224 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Gupta A,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + postnatal days 24–26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + 24 - 26 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Adolescent + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + 24 - 26 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Cell Morphology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Morphology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Cell Morphology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.800733 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Long-Term Effects of Moderate Concussive Brain Injury During Adolescence on Synaptic and Tonic GABA Currents in Dentate Granule Cells and Semilunar Granule Cells + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) was performed on adolescent (postnatal days 24–26) male Wistar rats as described previously (Dixon et al., 1987; Li et al., 2015). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Wistar rats (Charles River) aged 60–70 or 120–180 days, which were over 1 and 3 months after sham or brain injury, respectively, were used in the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + (Charles River) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + Wistar rats (Charles River) aged 60–70 or 120–180 days, which were over 1 and 3 months after sham or brain injury, respectively, were used in the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + One day later, animals were anesthetized with isoflurane and attached to an FPI device (Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + A pendulum was dropped to deliver a brief (20 ms) 2.0–2.2-atm impact to the intact dura resulting in moderate FPI with reproducible hilar cell loss + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + A pendulum was dropped to deliver a brief (20 ms) 2.0–2.2-atm impact to the intact dura resulting in moderate FPI with reproducible hilar cell loss (Gupta et al., 2012; Li et al., 2015). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + ns1:BIKO_000029 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + PMID:35360164 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.800733/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000917 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + Simmons S, Langlois LD, Oyola MG, Gouty S, Wu TJ, Nugent FS. Blast-Induced Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Alterations of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Neuronal Activity in the Mouse Hypothalamic Paraventricular NucleusFront Synaptic Neurosci. 2022 Jan 27;13:804898. doi: 10.3389\/fnsyn.2021.804898. eCollection 2021. PMC8828487 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + shock tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + 225 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + Simmons S,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + Seven- to 9-week-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + 7 - 9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + 7 - 9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + AP firing patterns, AP threshold, Electrophysiological recordings, Input resistance, Resting membrane potential, Spontaneous neuronal activity, action potential generation, fast after-hyperpolarizations, hyperpolarization-activated cation current recordings, infrared-differential interference contrast microscopy + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + Electric potential,Microscopy + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + Fast after-hyperpolarizations,Hyperpolarization-activated current recordings,Action potential,Input resistance,Electrophysiological assessment,Infrared differential interference contrast microscopy + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsyn.2021.804898 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + Blast-Induced Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Alterations of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Neuronal Activity in the Mouse Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + Advanced Blast Simulator + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + ABS consisted of the driver chamber (sealed with Valmex FR 1000 PVDF lacquer 7269 membrane (Mehler Texnologies GmbH, Rheinstrasse, Germany), the transition section, and the test chamber, Increased pressure (by compressed air) in the driver chamber ruptured the acetate/mesh seal, which results in blast wave traveling through the transition section to the test chamber. The mean pressure of the blast wave was ~19 psi (19 ± 0.4 psi) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + Increased pressure (by compressed air) in the driver chamber ruptured the acetate/mesh seal, which results in blast wave traveling through the transition section to the test chamber. The mean pressure of the blast wave was ~19 psi (19 ± 0.4 psi)., The ABS consisted of the driver chamber (sealed with Valmex FR 1000 PVDF lacquer 7269 membrane (Mehler Texnologies GmbH, Rheinstrasse, Germany), the transition section, and the test chamber. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + ORA Inc. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + Fredericksburg, VA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + PMID:35153711 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsyn.2021.804898/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000918 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Scrimgeour AG, Condlin ML, Loban A, DeMar JC. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Vitamin D Decrease Plasma T-Tau, GFAP, and UCH-L1 in Experimental Traumatic Brain InjuryFront Nutr. 2021 Jun 4;8:685220. doi: 10.3389\/fnut.2021.685220. eCollection 2021. PMC8211733 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + weight-drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + 226 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Scrimgeour AG,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + 6 weeks, Young adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Young adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Barnes Maze test , GC/MS methods, Rotarod test, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), ultrasensitive single-molecule array + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Analytical technique,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Rotarod test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS),Ultrasensitive single-molecule array,Barnes maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.685220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Young adult 6-week-old male Wistar Han rats (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA; RGD Cat No. 38676310, RRID:RGD 38676310) were individually housed in temperature-controlled rooms with a 12-h light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Young adult 6-week-old male Wistar Han rats (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA; RGD Cat No. 38676310, RRID:RGD 38676310) were individually housed in temperature-controlled rooms with a 12-h light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Wistar Han + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA; RGD Cat No. 38676310, RRID:RGD 38676310 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Young adult 6-week-old male Wistar Han rats (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA; RGD Cat No. 38676310, RRID:RGD 38676310) were individually housed in temperature-controlled rooms with a 12-h light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + 450 g brass weight + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Marmarou (38) dropped a 450 g brass weight from 100 cm onto a metallic helmet to produce a mild injury (=0.441 J), and a 450 g weight from 200 cm to produce a moderate injury (=0.882 J). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + The diet consumed by the rats during the recovery period consisted of the standard AIN-76A chow (CON) or the AIDM diet (AIDM), in which the chow contained supplemental vitamin D3 and provided ad libitum (600 IU/g chow, prepared by Research Diets, Inc., New Brunswick, NJ). Additionally, to provide dietary long chain omega-3s for 5 days per week during the recovery period, CON rats consumed a 12 ml serving of a placebo juice (CON) consisting of fruit juice alone (12 kcal/serving), and AIDM rats consumed a daily 12 ml serving of AIDM juice (12 kcal/serving, Smartfish® AS, Oslo, Norway). In total, AIDM rats consumed ~65 mg of DHA and EPA per day. This is in line with the rat TBI studies of Bailes and Mills (35, 36) where DHA was provided at 40 mg/day. For the analysis of omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D, rats (10 per group) were sacrificed after consuming the diets for 30 days. To quantify omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) levels in rat diets, plasma, liver and brain frontal cortex tissues, fatty acid compositional analysis of their methyl esters, as prepared by transesterification of extracted total lipids, were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (33). Vitamin D levels in juice (200 ml/duplicate measurement) and chow (30 g/measurement) samples were determined by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) as previously described (37). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Marmarou’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Marmarou (38) dropped a 450 g brass weight from 100 cm onto a metallic helmet to produce a mild injury (=0.441 J), and a 450 g weight from 200 cm to produce a moderate injury (=0.882 J). The terms mild and moderate are taken from Marmarou (38). In our experiments, the goal was to induce a mild-to-moderate injury, within a comfortable zone of success, hence a 500 g metal slug was dropped from 120 cm (=0.588 J), which, theoretically, is between the mild- and moderate-injury models proposed by Marmarou (38). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Marmarou (38) dropped a 450 g brass weight from 100 cm onto a metallic helmet to produce a mild injury (=0.441 J), and a 450 g weight from 200 cm to produce a moderate injury (=0.882 J). The terms mild and moderate are taken from Marmarou (38). In our experiments, the goal was to induce a mild-to-moderate injury, within a comfortable zone of success, hence a 500 g metal slug was dropped from 120 cm (=0.588 J), which, theoretically, is between the mild- and moderate-injury models proposed by Marmarou (38). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + Pilot study data of fatty acid composition of rat diets, and resultant plasma and brain values in non-injured animals after 30 days on CON or AIDM diets. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + PMID:34150829 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.685220/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000919 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_000092 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000092 + 2022-10-11T05:25:27.821405Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000092 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000345 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000092 + Injury control group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000092 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000345 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000092 + A control for experimental injury in which the animal is not injured. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + Alqahtani F, Assiri MA, Mohany M, Imran I, Javaid S, Rasool MF, Shakeel W, Sivandzade F, Alanazi AZ, Al-Rejaie SS, Alshammari MA, Alasmari F, Alanazi MM, Alamri FF. Coadministration of Ketamine and Perampanel Improves Behavioral Function and Reduces Inflammation in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury Mouse ModelBiomed Res Int. 2020 Dec 10;2020:3193725. doi: 10.1155\/2020\/3193725. eCollection 2020. PMC7749776 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 227 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + Alqahtani F,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 24-28 g, 8-10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 24 - 28 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), GC-MS analysis, Metabolomic Analysis, Y-maze, discrimination index, Novel object recognition test, open field test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + Analytical technique,Bioassay,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,Y Maze test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Discrimination index (DI),Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS),Metabolomic Analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3193725 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + Healthy male C57BL/6J mice of 8-10 weeks (24-28 g) were utilized in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + Healthy male C57BL/6J mice of 8-10 weeks (24-28 g) were utilized in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + Healthy male C57BL/6J mice of 8-10 weeks (24-28 g) were utilized in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 30 g was guided through a hollow tube to fall freely on the targeted point from a height of 80 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + A metallic mass of 30 g was guided through a hollow tube to fall freely on the targeted point from a height of 80 cm [37 + + F. Sivandzade, F. Alqahtani, A. Sifat, and L. Cucullo, “The cerebrovascular and neurological impact of chronic smoking on post-traumatic brain injury outcome and recovery: an in vivo study,” Journal of Neuroinflammation, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 133, 2020. View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar + See in References + ]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + Animals of the vehicle-treated group were treated with normal saline only while ketamine (40 mg/kg, i.p.) and perampanel (4 mg/kg, p.o.) were given to the aforementioned groups. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + 24 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + PMID:33381547 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2020/3193725/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000920 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Kempuraj D, Ahmed ME, Selvakumar GP, Thangavel R, Raikwar SP, Zaheer SA, Iyer SS, Burton C, James D, Zaheer A. Mast Cell Activation, Neuroinflammation, and Tight Junction Protein Derangement in Acute Traumatic Brain InjuryMediators Inflamm. 2020 Jun 24;2020:4243953. doi: 10.1155\/2020\/4243953. eCollection 2020. PMC7333064 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + 228 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Kempuraj D,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Immunofluorescence, Novel object recognition test, Toluidine Blue stain, crystal violet staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Behavioral test,Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Immunofluorescence staining,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Cresyl violet staining,Toluidine blue stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4243953 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Wild-type (C57BL/6) 8-week-old male mice were used to induce weight drop-associated closed-head acute TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Wild-type (C57BL/6) 8-week-old male mice were used to induce weight drop-associated closed-head acute TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Wild-type + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Wild-type (C57BL/6) 8-week-old male mice were used to induce weight drop-associated closed-head acute TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Wild-type (C57BL/6) 8-week-old male mice were used to induce weight drop-associated closed-head acute TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + weight (35 g) was released to free fall from 80 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Following this, a metal weight (35 g) was released to free fall from 80 cm above the head through a vertical tube (guided path) to induce TBI without craniotomy, as previously reported by others for closed-head injury weight drop model [25 + + A. Milman, A. Rosenberg, R. Weizman, and C. G. Pick, “Mild traumatic brain injury induces persistent cognitive deficits and behavioral disturbances in mice,” Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 22, no. 9, pp. 1003–1010, 2005. View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar + See in References + –28 + + H. Shishido, M. Ueno, K. Sato et al., “Traumatic Brain Injury by Weight-Drop Method Causes Transient Amyloid-β Deposition and Acute Cognitive Deficits in Mice,” Behavioural Neurology, vol. 2019, Article ID 3248519, 8 pages, 2019. View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar + See in References + ]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + Closed Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + PMID:32684835 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2020/4243953/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000921 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + Attilio PJ, Flora M, Kamnaksh A, Bradshaw DJ, Agoston D, Mueller GP. The Effects of Blast Exposure on Protein Deimination in the BrainOxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:8398072. doi: 10.1155\/2017\/8398072. Epub 2017 May 24. PMC5463117 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + blast tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + 229 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + Attilio PJ,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + 50000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + 40–50 kg, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + 40 - 50 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + Gel Electrophoresis, Immunoblotting, Liquid-phase isoelectric focusing, Protein Deimination, Tissue IgG, Western blot, liquid chromatography, mass finger printing, mass of the neutral loss, tandem mass spectrometry + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + Immunoassay,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + Western blot,Peptide mass fingerprinting,Tissue IgG,Immunoblot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8398072 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + Brain Injury Due to Mechanical Trauma and Ischemic-Hypoxic Insult: Biomarkers of Brain Injury and Oxidative Stress + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + Yorkshire, Yucatan + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + Yorkshire, Yucatan + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + blast overpressure exposure (40–52 psi, average = 46 psi) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + Free-field blast injury model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + 40000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + PMID:28626499 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + https://www.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2017/8398072/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000922 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + Zhu Y, Wang H, Fang J, Dai W, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhou M. SS-31 Provides Neuroprotection by Reversing Mitochondrial Dysfunction after Traumatic Brain InjuryOxid Med Cell Longev. 2018 Aug 27;2018:4783602. doi: 10.1155\/2018\/4783602. eCollection 2018. PMC6129854 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 230 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + Zhu Y,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 28~32 g, 6~8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + Grip Test, Brain water content, Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Mitochondrial MDA, SOD Content, Prussian Blue Staining, Reactive Oxygen Species Content, TUNEL staining, Western blot, dihydroethidium staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + Biochemical assay,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + Grip strength test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Immunofluorescence staining,Brain water content,Superoxide dismutase activity,Dihydroethidium (DHE) assay,Western blot,Prussian blue staining,TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4783602 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + Male ICR mice aged 6~8 weeks and weighted 28~32 g were purchased from the Animal Center of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + Male ICR mice aged 6~8 weeks and weighted 28~32 g were purchased from the Animal Center of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + Animal Center of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + Male ICR mice aged 6~8 weeks and weighted 28~32 g were purchased from the Animal Center of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 200 g weight was released onto the skull from the height of 2.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + After locating the left anterior frontal area as the impact area, a 200 g weight was released onto the skull from the height of 2.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + The mice in the TBI + vehicle and TBI + SS-31 group received 0.9% saline (vehicle) or SS-31 (5 and 10 mg/kg, China Peptides Co., Shanghai, China) 30 min after TBI intraperitoneally. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + PMID:30224944 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + https://www.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2018/4783602/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000923 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Kalemci O, Aydin HE, Kizmazoglu C, Kaya I, Yılmaz H, Arda NM. Effects of Quercetin and Mannitol on Erythropoietin Levels in Rats Following Acute Severe Traumatic Brain InjuryJ Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2017 May;60(3):355-361. doi: 10.3340\/jkns.2016.0505.015. Epub 2017 May 1. PMC5426445 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + 232 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Kalemci O,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + 323 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + 318.3±5 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + 313.3 - 323.3 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2016.0505.015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Forty male Wistar rats (weight, 318.3±5 g) were divided randomly into four groups (n=10/group): group I, sham; group II, TBI; group III, TBI+quercetin (50 mg/kg intravenous); and group IV, TBI+mannitol (1 mg/kg intravenous). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Forty male Wistar rats (weight, 318.3±5 g) were divided randomly into four groups (n=10/group): group I, sham; group II, TBI; group III, TBI+quercetin (50 mg/kg intravenous); and group IV, TBI+mannitol (1 mg/kg intravenous). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Forty male Wistar rats (weight, 318.3±5 g) were divided randomly into four groups (n=10/group): group I, sham; group II, TBI; group III, TBI+quercetin (50 mg/kg intravenous); and group IV, TBI+mannitol (1 mg/kg intravenous). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Forty male Wistar rats (weight, 318.3±5 g) were divided randomly into four groups (n=10/group): group I, sham; group II, TBI; group III, TBI+quercetin (50 mg/kg intravenous); and group IV, TBI+mannitol (1 mg/kg intravenous). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + Weight-drop impact acceleration model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + 313 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + PMID:28490163 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + https://www.jkns.or.kr/journal/view.php?doi=10.3340/jkns.2016.0505.015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000924 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + Bray CE, Witcher KG, Adekunle-Adegbite D, Ouvina M, Witzel M, Hans E, Tapp ZM, Packer J, Goodman E, Zhao F, Chunchai T, O'Neil S, Chattipakorn SC, Sheridan J, Kokiko-Cochran ON, Askwith C, Godbout JP. Chronic Cortical Inflammation, Cognitive Impairment, and Immune Reactivity Associated with Diffuse Brain Injury Are Ameliorated by Forced Turnover of MicrogliaJ Neurosci. 2022 May 18;42(20):4215-4228. doi: 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1910-21.2022. Epub 2022 Apr 19. PMC9121837 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + Fluid percussion injury device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + 233 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + Bray CE,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + 6- 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + Novel object location test, Novel object recognition test, qPCR, Compound action potential (CAP) recording, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + Immunofluorescence staining,Electric potential,Molecular assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Immunohistochemistry (IHC),qPCR,Novel object recognition task (NORT) ,Compound action potential (CAP) recording + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1910-21.2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + ns1:BIKO_000030 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + PMID:35440489 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + https://www.jneurosci.org/content/early/2022/04/18/JNEUROSCI.1910-21.2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000925 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + Tian Y, Zhao R, Li X, Zhou J, Zhan D, Wang Y, He Y, Zhang J, Yuan H. Alterations of microRNAs expression profiles in small extracellular vesicle after traumatic brain injury in miceExp Anim. 2022 Mar 7. doi: 10.1538\/expanim.21-0148. Online ahead of print. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + lateral fluid percussion + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + 238 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + Tian Y,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + 16 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + 12-16 weeks, 22-25 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + 12 - 16 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + 12 - 16 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + 22 - 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + Western blot, optical density, qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + Molecular assay,Immunoassay,Stereological method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + Optical density,Western blot,qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + https://doi.org/10.1538/expanim.21-0148 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + Experimental Animals + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + Adult male C57BL/6J mice (12-16 weeks old and 22-25 g)122were housed for at least 7 days before surgery. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + Adult male C57BL/6J mice (12-16 weeks old and 22-25 g)122were housed for at least 7 days before surgery. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + Adult male C57BL/6J mice (12-16 weeks old and 22-25 g)122were housed for at least 7 days before surgery. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + FPI was induced using a fast injection of saline (peak134pressure was 1.9±0.1 atm) through the skull window [32] + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + FPI was induced using a fast injection of saline (peak134pressure was 1.9±0.1 atm) through the skull window [32] + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + 22 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + PMID:35249933 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/expanim/advpub/0/advpub_21-0148/_pdf/-char/en + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000926 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + Zhai X, Ding Y, Wang Q, Zhang H, Li F. Rutin Acid Ameliorates Neural Apoptosis Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury via Mitochondrial Pathways in MiceNeuroimmunomodulation. 2016;23(3):179-187. doi: 10.1159\/000448716. Epub 2016 Sep 20. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + 239 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + Zhai X,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + 28-32 g, 6-8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + Brain water content, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Nissl Staining, Western blot, Grip test, spectrophotometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + Analytical technique,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + Grip strength test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Nissl staining,Brain water content,Western blot,Spectrometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + https://doi.org/10.1159/000448716 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + For this study, male ICR mice (Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China), aged 6-8 weeks and weighing 28-32 g, were housed at 23 ± 1°C with a 12-hour light/dark cycle plus free access to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + For this study, male ICR mice (Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China), aged 6-8 weeks and weighing 28-32 g, were housed at 23 ± 1°C with a 12-hour light/dark cycle plus free access to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + For this study, male ICR mice (Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China), aged 6-8 weeks and weighing 28-32 g, were housed at 23 ± 1°C with a 12-hour light/dark cycle plus free access to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + Briefly, mice were anesthetized via the peritoneum with chloral hydrate and placed onto the platform directly under the weight-drop device. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + After locating the left anterior frontal area as the impact area, a 200-gram weight was released onto the skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + After locating the left anterior frontal area as the impact area, a 200-gram weight was released onto the skull, after which the scalp wound was closed using standard suture material. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + The mice in the TBI + rutin group (30, 50 and 80 mg/kg) were injected with rutin (Sigma Aldrich, Shanghai, China) intraperitoneally 30 min after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + PMID:27644033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/448716 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000927 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Liu Y, Lu J, Wang X, Chen L, Liu S, Zhang Z, Yao W. Erythropoietin-Derived Peptide Protects Against Acute Lung Injury After Rat Traumatic Brain InjuryCell Physiol Biochem. 2017;41(5):2037-2044. doi: 10.1159\/000475434. Epub 2017 Apr 14. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + weight-drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 240 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Liu Y,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 350–400g, 8–9-week + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 8 - 9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 8 - 9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 350 - 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Lowry’s method, Lung Wet/Dry Ratios, Hematoxylin and Eosin, Immunofluorescence , qRT-PCR, semiquantitative scoring system + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Lowry protein assay,Immunofluorescence staining,qRT-PCR,Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + https://doi.org/10.1159/000475434 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Male Lewis rats (8–9-week-old, 350–400g, Vital River, Beijing, China) were housed under a 12-h light and 12-h dark and with free access to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Male Lewis rats (8–9-week-old, 350–400g, Vital River, Beijing, China) were housed under a 12-h light and 12-h dark and with free access to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Lewis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Lewis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Vital River, Beijing, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Male Lewis rats (8–9-week-old, 350–400g, Vital River, Beijing, China) were housed under a 12-h light and 12-h dark and with free access to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 20 g weight was dropped from 20 cm above the removed region of the skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Briefly, rats underwent craniotomy, then a circular region of the skull (3.0-mm diameter) was removed and a 20 g weight was dropped from 20 cm above the removed region of the skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + For therapeutic treatment, rats with severe TBI-caused ALI were intraperitoneally injected with 60 μg/kg pHBSP or an equivalent volume of PBS at 3-h and 12-h following injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + Weight-drop contusion model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + PMID:28419985 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/475434 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000928 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + Dapul HR, Park J, Zhang J, Lee C, DanEshmand A, Lok J, Ayata C, Gray T, Scalzo A, Qiu J, Lo EH, Whalen MJ. Concussive injury before or after controlled cortical impact exacerbates histopathology and functional outcome in a mixed traumatic brain injury model in miceJ Neurotrauma. 2013 Mar 1;30(5):382-91. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2012.2536. Epub 2013 Feb 20. PMC3593692 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + pneumatic controlled cortical impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + 247 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + Dapul HR,et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + 16 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + 8–16 weeks, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + 8 - 16 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + 8 - 16 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + Hematoxylin and Eosin, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Brain water content, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), seizure activity, wire-grip test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Abnormal nervous system physiology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Wire grip test,Seizure activity,Brain water content,Morris water maze (MWM),Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2012.2536 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + Concussive Injury before or after Controlled Cortical Impact Exacerbates Histopathology and Functional Outcome in a Mixed Traumatic Brain Injury Model in Mice + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + A metal bolt (53 or 83 g) was dropped through the tube and impacted the head behind the right ear, thus avoiding the craniotomy site from CCI in sequential injury mice, and allowing the head to freely rotate downward into the Kimwipe, Impact was delivered using a 3-mm flat-tip pneumatic piston at a velocity of 6 m/sec, duration 100 ms, and depth of 0.6 mm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + Impact was delivered using a 3-mm flat-tip pneumatic piston at a velocity of 6 m/sec, duration 100 ms, and depth of 0.6 mm., A metal bolt (53 or 83 g) was dropped through the tube and impacted the head behind the right ear, thus avoiding the craniotomy site from CCI in sequential injury mice, and allowing the head to freely rotate downward into the Kimwipe. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + PMID:23153355 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2012.2536 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000929 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_000093 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000093 + 2022-10-11T05:25:44.513132Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000093 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0008014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000093 + Naive control group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000093 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0008014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000093 + A control for experimental injury in which the animal is not injured, and does not receive anaesthesia or post-operative treatments such as antibiotics, analgesics or injected fluids. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + Cheng JP, Shaw KE, Monaco CM, Hoffman AN, Sozda CN, Olsen AS, Kline AE. A relatively brief exposure to environmental enrichment after experimental traumatic brain injury confers long-term cognitive benefitsJ Neurotrauma. 2012 Nov 20;29(17):2684-8. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2012.2560. Epub 2012 Aug 27. PMC3510443 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + pneumatic controlled cortical impact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + 248 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + Cheng JP,et al.,2012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + 325 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + 300−325 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + 300 - 325 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + Beam balance test, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Beam task test, Beam walk test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + Morris water maze (MWM),Beam walk test,Beam balance test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2012.2560 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + A Relatively Brief Exposure to Environmental Enrichment after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury Confers Long-Term Cognitive Benefits + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + rat,rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + Harlan, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + Harlan, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + PMID:22774771 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2012.2560 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000930 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + Lee JH, Wei L, Gu X, Wei Z, Dix TA, Yu SP. Therapeutic effects of pharmacologically induced hypothermia against traumatic brain injury in miceJ Neurotrauma. 2014 Aug 15;31(16):1417-30. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2013.3251. Epub 2014 Jul 7. PMC4132583 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + electric impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 249 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + Lee JH,et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 22–28 g, 8–12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 8 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 8 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 22 - 28 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + blood pH, Home Cage behavioral test, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Nissl staining, Rectal temperature, TUNEL staining, Western blot, adhesive removal test, cylinder test, Evans blue dye, mean arterial blood pressure, RT–PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Blood pressure,Immunoassay,Blood measurement,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + Home Cage behavioral test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),RT–PCR,Nissl staining,mean arterial blood pressure (MAP),Adhesion Removal Test,Cylinder test,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Evans blue dye,Blood pH + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2013.3251 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + Therapeutic Effects of Pharmacologically Induced Hypothermia against Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + PCI3000 precision cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + CCI was induced with an electric impact device using an impact tip. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 2.0 mm diameter flat fact tip with a slightly rounded edge (velocity=3 m/sec, depth=1.0 mm, and contact time=150 msec + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + Mice were randomly divided into five groups: (1) saline control (n=3); (2) 0.1 mg/kg HPI-363 group (n=6); (3) 0.3 mg/kg HPI-363 group (n=11); (4) 0.5 mg/kg HPI-363 group (n=6); and (5) 1 mg/kg HPI-363 group (n=5)., The targeted body temperature was the same as in the pharmacologically induced hypothermia (PIH) experiments (32–34°C). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + 22 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + PMID:24731132 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2013.3251 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000931 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + Büchele F, Morawska MM, Schreglmann SR, Penner M, Muser M, Baumann CR, Noain D. Novel Rat Model of Weight Drop-Induced Closed Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury Compatible with Electrophysiological Recordings of Vigilance StatesJ Neurotrauma. 2016 Jul 1;33(13):1171-80. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2015.4001. Epub 2015 Nov 13. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + weight-drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + 251 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + Büchele F,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + 270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + 230–270 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + 230 - 270 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + EEG/EMG recording, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Novel object recognition test, open field test, Hematoxylin and Eosin , Immunofluorescence, uniaxial accelerometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Physiological assay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,Uniaxial accelerometer,Electroencephalography (EEG),Immunofluorescence staining,Hematoxylin and eosin stain,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.4001 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + We used adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Harlan Laboratories Inc, NL; Charles River, Germany) weighing 230–270 g at arrival for all experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + We used adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Harlan Laboratories Inc, NL; Charles River, Germany) weighing 230–270 g at arrival for all experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + Harlan Laboratories Inc, NL; Charles River, Germany + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + We used adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Harlan Laboratories Inc, NL; Charles River, Germany) weighing 230–270 g at arrival for all experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + A 2500 g stainless steel rod of a total length of 100 cm, diameter of 2 cm, and with a pointed silicon tip (diameter 1 mm, total tip length 4 cm) was used. It was mounted in a slide and held by a stand with an angle of 70 degrees. The metal rod was precisely positioned over the selected impact point of injury, elevated to a height of 25 cm, and released by pushing a button inactivating a magnet that holds the metal rod in place + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + A 2500 g stainless steel rod of a total length of 100 cm, diameter of 2 cm, and with a pointed silicon tip (diameter 1 mm, total tip length 4 cm) was used. It was mounted in a slide and held by a stand with an angle of 70 degrees. The metal rod was precisely positioned over the selected impact point of injury, elevated to a height of 25 cm, and released by pushing a button inactivating a magnet that holds the metal rod in place. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + 230 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + PMID:26414556 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2015.4001 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000932 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Tu TW, Lescher JD, Williams RA, Jikaria N, Turtzo LC, Frank JA. Abnormal Injury Response in Spontaneous Mild Ventriculomegaly Wistar Rat Brains: A Pathological Correlation Study of Diffusion Tensor and Magnetization Transfer Imaging in Mild Traumatic Brain InjuryJ Neurotrauma. 2017 Jan 1;34(1):248-256. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2015.4355. Epub 2016 Apr 11. PMC5198143 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + weight-drip + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + 252 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Tu TW,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + 8 weks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + 8 weks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.4355 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Female 8-week-old Wistar rats purchased from Charles River Laboratory (Wilmington, MA) and Harlan Laboratory (Indianapolis, IN) were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Charles River Laboratory (Wilmington, MA), Harlan Laboratory (Indianapolis, IN) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + Female 8-week-old Wistar rats purchased from Charles River Laboratory (Wilmington, MA) and Harlan Laboratory (Indianapolis, IN) were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + A 450 g weight was allowed to free fall in a tube from distance of 2 m + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + A 450 g weight was allowed to free fall in a tube from distance of 2 m. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + PMID:26905805 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2015.4355 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000933 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Mannix R, Berkner J, Mei Z, Alcon S, Hashim J, Robinson S, Jantzie L, Meehan WP 3rd, Qiu J. Adolescent Mice Demonstrate a Distinct Pattern of Injury after Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain InjuryJ Neurotrauma. 2017 Jan 15;34(2):495-504. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2016.4457. Epub 2016 Jul 27. PMC5220578 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + weight-drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + 253 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Mannix R,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + 16 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + 16 weeks, 5 weeks, Adult, adolescent + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + 5 weeks, 16 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Adult, Adolescent + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + 5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + 5 weeks, 16 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Evans blue permeability assay, Immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, Western blot, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Immunofluorescence staining,modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS),Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Evans blue dye + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2016.4457 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Adult (age 16 weeks) and adolescent (age 5 weeks) male C57BL/6 mice were obtained from the Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, ME). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Adult (age 16 weeks) and adolescent (age 5 weeks) male C57BL/6 mice were obtained from the Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, ME). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, ME + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Adult (age 16 weeks) and adolescent (age 5 weeks) male C57BL/6 mice were obtained from the Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, ME). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + The impact was delivered by dropping a 54 g metal bolt from a height of 71 cm via a guide pipe, resulting in rotational acceleration of the head through the delicate task wiper. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + The impact was delivered by dropping a 54 g metal bolt from a height of 71 cm via a guide pipe, resulting in rotational acceleration of the head through the delicate task wiper. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + 5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + PMID:27368354 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2016.4457 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000934 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Jamnia N, Urban JH, Stutzmann GE, Chiren SG, Reisenbigler E, Marr R, Peterson DA, Kozlowski DA. A Clinically Relevant Closed-Head Model of Single and Repeat Concussive Injury in the Adult Rat Using a Controlled Cortical Impact DeviceJ Neurotrauma. 2017 Apr 1;34(7):1351-1363. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2016.4517. Epub 2016 Dec 2. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + 254 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Jamnia N,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + 450 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + 300–450 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + 300 - 450 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + open field test, Corticosterone level, Novel object recognition test, foot fault test, NeuN staining, Cresyl violet staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Behavioral test,Immunofluorescence staining,Hormone measurement,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,Cortisol Measurement,Cresyl violet staining,NeuN staining,Foot fault test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2016.4517 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + A Clinically Relevant Closed-Head Model of Single and Repeat Concussive Injury in the Adult Rat Using a Controlled Cortical Impact Device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Long-Evans + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Long-Evans + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Leica Impact One + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + cortical impact at an angle 20 degrees from vertical, enabling the flat impactor tip to be perpendicular to the surface of the head, depth measurement accounted for the amount of give in the foam (approximately 9 mm, injuries were produced with a 5 mm flat tip at 6.5 m/sec at a depth of 10.0 mm from the surface of the skin for 300 msec + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + The Impact One delivered the cortical impact at an angle 20 degrees from vertical, enabling the flat impactor tip to be perpendicular to the surface of the head; this was adjusted accordingly if necessary. All injuries were produced with a 5 mm flat tip at 6.5 m/sec at a depth of 10.0 mm from the surface of the skin for 300 msec. The depth measurement accounted for the amount of give in the foam (approximately 9 mm) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Leica Microsystems Inc. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Buffalo Grove, IL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Modified Controlled cortical impact model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + Experimental Groups + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + PMID:27762651 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2016.4517 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000935 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + Hou J, Nelson R, Wilkie Z, Mustafa G, Tsuda S, Thompson FJ, Bose P. Mild and Mild-to-Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Significant Progressive and Enduring Multiple ComorbiditiesJ Neurotrauma. 2017 Aug 15;34(16):2456-2466. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2016.4851. Epub 2017 Jun 9. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + closed head CCI + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + 255 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + Hou J,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + 275 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + 251–275 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + 251 - 275 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + Duration of unconsciousness, Elevated Plus Maze, H-reflex, Morris Water Maze (MWM), T2-weighted Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Rotorod test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + Physiological assay,Imaging,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + Rotarod test,Duration of unconsciousness,T2-weighted Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),Morris water maze (MWM),Elevated plus maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2016.4851 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + A total of 34 female Sprague-Dawley specific pathogen-free rats (251–275 g; Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were used in these studies. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + A total of 34 female Sprague-Dawley specific pathogen-free rats (251–275 g; Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were used in these studies. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + A total of 34 female Sprague-Dawley specific pathogen-free rats (251–275 g; Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were used in these studies. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + A 450-g impactor, with a 10-mm-diameter tip, was dropped through a thermoplastic (Delrin) tube from a 1.25-m height (n = 8) or 1.0 m (n = 8) to produce impact-acceleration injuries + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + A 450-g impactor, with a 10-mm-diameter tip, was dropped through a thermoplastic (Delrin) tube from a 1.25-m height (n = 8) or 1.0 m (n = 8) to produce impact-acceleration injuries that are uniformly reported as a mild level of cTBI.10–12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + 251 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + PMID:28376701 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2016.4851 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000936 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + Szarka N, Pabbidi MR, Amrein K, Czeiter E, Berta G, Pohoczky K, Helyes Z, Ungvari Z, Koller A, Buki A, Toth P. Traumatic Brain Injury Impairs Myogenic Constriction of Cerebral Arteries: Role of Mitochondria-Derived H(2)O(2) and TRPV4-Dependent Activation of BK(ca) ChannelsJ Neurotrauma. 2018 Apr 1;35(7):930-939. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2017.5056. Epub 2018 Jan 12. PMC5865628 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + weight-drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + 256 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + Szarka N,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + 300–350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + 300 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + BK channel current, CM-H2DCFDA staining, qRT-PCR, pressure myography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + Electric potential,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + qRT-PCR,Potassium channel (BK) current + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2017.5056 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats (male, 300–350 g) were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA) and were used for all experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats (male, 300–350 g) were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA) and were used for all experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + Wistar–Kyoto + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats (male, 300–350 g) were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA) and were used for all experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + 450 g cylindrical weight was dropped from 1.5 m onto the disc + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + A 450 g cylindrical weight was dropped from 1.5 m onto the disc, causing severe diffuse TBI to the animals. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + production of vasodilator H2O2 in the vascular smooth muscle cells + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + In a different series of experiments, the decomposition of vascular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water and oxygen was catalyzed by the administration of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-catalase (CAT) (120 U/mL, n = 5) onto the vessels for 30 min, and myogenic responses of MCAs were repeated. To test the role BKCa and TRPV4 channels in the attenuated myogenic constriction of MCAs after TBI, pressure-induced responses of MCAs were obtained in the presence of paxilline (a specific blocker of BKCa channels, 10−6 mol/L for 20 min, n = 5) and the specific TRPV4 blocker HC 067047 (0.5 × 10−6 mol/L for 20 min, n = 5). To test whether H2O2 activates BKCa and TRPV4 channels, we induced dose-dependent dilation of MCAs in response to H2O2 in the presence of paxilline (Pax) and HC 067047. To examine whether TRPV4 channels initiate dilation of MCAs through BKCa, we obtained dose-dependent dilation of vessels by the TRPV4-agonist GSK1016790A in the absence and presence of Pax. All drugs were purchased from SigmaAldrich Hungary (Budapest, Hungary). At the end of each experiment, the pressure-passive diameter curves were obtained in maximally dilated MCAs in the presence of nifedipine. Diameter responses at each pressure step are shown as the percentage of the corresponding passive diameter value at 80 mm Hg. In a separate series of experiments, basilar arteries (BA) were isolated from the same control and TBI rats from which the MCAs were used, and constrictor responses to the thromboxane analogue U46619 were determined in a wire myograph (Danish Myo Technology, Aarhus, Denmark), as previously described.35 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + decomposition of vascular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water and oxygen was catalyzed by the administration of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-catalase (CAT) (120 U/mL, n = 5) onto the vessels for 30 min, and myogenic responses of MCAs were repeated. To test the role BKCa and TRPV4 channels in the attenuated myogenic constriction of MCAs after TBI, pressure-induced responses of MCAs were obtained in the presence of paxilline (a specific blocker of BKCa channels, 10−6 mol/L for 20 min, n = 5) and the specific TRPV4 blocker HC 067047 (0.5 × 10−6 mol/L for 20 min, n = 5). To test whether H2O2 activates BKCa and TRPV4 channels, we induced dose-dependent dilation of MCAs in response to H2O2 in the presence of paxilline (Pax) and HC 067047. To examine whether TRPV4 channels initiate dilation of MCAs through BKCa, we obtained dose-dependent dilation of vessels by the TRPV4-agonist GSK1016790A in the absence and presence of Pax. All drugs were purchased from SigmaAldrich Hungary (Budapest, Hungary). At the end of each experiment, the pressure-passive diameter curves were obtained in maximally dilated MCAs in the presence of nifedipine. Diameter responses at each pressure step are shown as the percentage of the corresponding passive diameter value at 80 mm Hg. In a separate series of experiments, basilar arteries (BA) were isolated from the same control and TBI rats from which the MCAs were used, and constrictor responses to the thromboxane analogue U46619 were determined in a wire myograph (Danish Myo Technology, Aarhus, Denmark), + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that following brain trauma, myogenic response of cerebral arteries is compromised because of the excessive mitochondrial production of vasodilator H2O2 in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + PMID:29179622 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2017.5056 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000937 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + Chandrasekar A, Olde Heuvel F, Wepler M, Rehman R, Palmer A, Catanese A, Linkus B, Ludolph A, Boeckers T, Huber-Lang M, Radermacher P, Roselli F. The Neuroprotective Effect of Ethanol Intoxication in Traumatic Brain Injury Is Associated with the Suppression of ErbB Signaling in Parvalbumin-Positive InterneuronsJ Neurotrauma. 2018 Nov 15;35(22):2718-2735. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2017.5270. Epub 2018 Jul 23. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + weight-drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + 257 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + Chandrasekar A,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + 80–90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + 80 - 90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + 80 - 90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Beam walk test, Blood ethanol assay, Blood gas analysis, Blood glial fibrillary acidic protein, Confocal images, Immunostaining, nitrocellulose-membrane sandwich immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + Imaging,Immunoassay,Severity score,Blood measurement,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Beam walk test,Confocal imaging,Blood gas analysis,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Blood glial fibrillary acidic protein,Blood ethanol assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2017.5270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + Wild-type male mice 80–90 days of age were subject to closed weight-drop TBI after administration of buprenorphine (0.1 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection) and put under sevoflurane anesthesia (2.5% in 97.5% O2). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + B6 mice were bred locally (Ulm University, Ulm, Germany) under standard husbandry conditions (24°C, 60–80% humidity, 14/10 light/dark cycle, with ad libitum access to food and water). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + C57BL/6 (transgenic) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + FMI, Basel, Switzerland, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + Wild-type + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + Wild-type male mice 80–90 days of age were subject to closed weight-drop TBI after administration of buprenorphine (0.1 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection) and put under sevoflurane anesthesia (2.5% in 97.5% O2). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + B6 mice were bred locally (Ulm University, Ulm, Germany) under standard husbandry conditions (24°C, 60–80% humidity, 14/10 light/dark cycle, with ad libitum access to food and water)., B6/PV-Cre mice were a kind gift of Pico Caroni (FMI, Basel, Switzerland) and were bred locally (Ulm University) under the same conditions. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + TBI was delivered by a 333-g impactor free-falling from a 2-cm distance.43 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + Ethanol solution (400 μL of ethanol solution, 5 g/kg in 32% [v/v] in saline or saline alone), diluted in saline was administered by oral gavage 30 min before the procedure.43, For behavioral and histological analysis of EI/TBI interactions, the experimental design included four groups: 1) control mice administered with saline and subject to sham surgery (sal-S; n = 3); 2) control mice administered with high-dose ethanol (5 g/kg) diluted in saline and subject to sham surgery (eth-S; n = 3); 3) mice pre-treated with saline before TBI (sal-TBI; n = 8); and 4) mice pre-treated with high-dose ethanol (5 g/kg) diluted in saline before TBI (eth-TBI; n = 6). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + PMID:29774782 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000938 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2017.5270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + Förstner P, Rehman R, Anastasiadou S, Haffner-Luntzer M, Sinske D, Ignatius A, Roselli F, Knöll B. Neuroinflammation after Traumatic Brain Injury Is Enhanced in Activating Transcription Factor 3 Mutant MiceJ Neurotrauma. 2018 Oct 1;35(19):2317-2329. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2017.5593. Epub 2018 Jun 5. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + weight-drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + 258 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + Förstner P,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + 14 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + 12–14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + 12 - 14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + 12 - 14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + Histology, Microscopy, qRT-PCR, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), hematoma size + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + Molecular assay,Histology,Microscopy,Morphology,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + qRT-PCR,Histology,Microscopy,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Hematoma size + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2017.5593 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + females + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + The average weight of animals was: wt males (28.9 ± 3 g), Atf3 mutant males (28.3 ± 2 g), wt females (22.7 ± 1.5 g), and Atf3 mutant females (21.9 ± 1 g). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + Constitutive Atf3 mutant mice (Atf3–/–) on a C57Bl/6 background were a kind gift of Dr. T. Hai (Ohio State University, Columbus, OH). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + Ohio State University, Columbus, OH + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + Atf3 mutant, Atf3+/+, Atf3–/–, wt + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + As control, we always used offspring harboring two wild-type (wt) Atf3 alleles (Atf3+/+), Constitutive Atf3 mutant mice (Atf3–/–) on a C57Bl/6 background were a kind gift of Dr. T. Hai (Ohio State University, Columbus, OH)., The average weight of animals was: wt males (28.9 ± 3 g), Atf3 mutant males (28.3 ± 2 g), wt females (22.7 ± 1.5 g), and Atf3 mutant females (21.9 ± 1 g). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + Constitutive Atf3 mutant mice (Atf3–/–) on a C57Bl/6 background were a kind gift of Dr. T. Hai (Ohio State University, Columbus, OH). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + The tip (3 mm in diameter) of a metal rod (weight, 333 g) was positioned over the left cortical hemisphere at a rostrolateral position (see previous works48,49). The falling height of the rod was 2 cm for females and 2.3 cm for males. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + The tip (3 mm in diameter) of a metal rod (weight, 333 g) was positioned over the left cortical hemisphere at a rostrolateral position (see previous works48,49). The falling height of the rod was 2 cm for females and 2.3 cm for males. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + PMID: 29463176 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2017.5593 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000939 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_000094 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000094 + 2022-10-11T05:27:40.23012Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000094 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000278 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000094 + Sham surgery control group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000094 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000278 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000094 + A control for a surgical procedure in which aspects of the procedure other than the injury intended to induce the neurological effect itself are mimicked, including anaesthesia, surgical preparation (e.g., dissection, nerve exposure, burr hole) and post-operative treatments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + Bouley J, Chung DY, Ayata C, Brown RH Jr, Henninger N. Cortical Spreading Depression Denotes Concussion InjuryJ Neurotrauma. 2019 Apr 1;36(7):1008-1017. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2018.5844. Epub 2018 Aug 24. PMC6444888 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + 259 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + Bouley J,et al.,2019 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + 33 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + 27.5 ± 6.0 g, 8–12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + 8 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + 8 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + 21.5 - 33.5 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + Prussian blue staining, Cerebral blood flow, COIS imaging, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), seizure activity + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + Brain measurement,Abnormal nervous system physiology,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Prussian blue staining,Seizure activity,Cerebral blood flow measurement + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2018.5844 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + To this end, spontaneously breathing male C57BL6/J mice (n = 62, Jackson Laboratories) weighing 27.5 ± 6.0 g (age 8–12 weeks) underwent closed head TBI with a 50 g weight (n = 45), 25 g weight (n = 11), or sham injury (n = 6). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + To this end, spontaneously breathing male C57BL6/J mice (n = 62, Jackson Laboratories) weighing 27.5 ± 6.0 g (age 8–12 weeks) underwent closed head TBI with a 50 g weight (n = 45), 25 g weight (n = 11), or sham injury (n = 6). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + Jackson Laboratories + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + To this end, spontaneously breathing male C57BL6/J mice (n = 62, Jackson Laboratories) weighing 27.5 ± 6.0 g (age 8–12 weeks) underwent closed head TBI with a 50 g weight (n = 45), 25 g weight (n = 11), or sham injury (n = 6). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + Closed head TBI was produced using a weight drop device as described previously in detail.18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + A weight (25 g or 50 g) was dropped freely 15 cm to strike a cylindrical polyacetal transducer rod (Delrin,© tip-diameter 2 mm, 17.4 g) that was placed with its tip directly on the mouse's skull under the tip at an angle of 90 degrees + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + A weight (25 g or 50 g) was dropped freely 15 cm to strike a cylindrical polyacetal transducer rod (Delrin,© tip-diameter 2 mm, 17.4 g) that was placed with its tip directly on the mouse's skull under the tip at an angle of 90 degrees. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + 21 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + PMID:29999455 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2018.5844 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000940 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + Perez Garcia G, De Gasperi R, Tschiffely AE, Gama Sosa MA, Abutarboush R, Kawoos U, Statz JK, Ciarlone S, Reed E, Jeyarajah T, Perez GM, Otero-Pagan A, Pryor D, Hof PR, Cook DG, Gandy S, Elder GA, Ahlers ST. Repetitive Low-Level Blast Exposure Improves Behavioral Deficits and Chronically Lowers Aβ42 in an Alzheimer Disease Transgenic Mouse ModelJ Neurotrauma. 2021 Nov 15;38(22):3146-3173. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2021.0184. Epub 2021 Sep 15. PMC8820291 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + shock tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + 261 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + Perez Garcia G,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + L/D emergence task, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Barnes Maze test test, Contextual fear memory testing, Elevated zero maze, Fear conditioning, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Light dark escape, Locomotor activity, Novel object localization test, Novel object recognition test, Oligomeric Aβ42 dot blot analysis, Social interaction, Sound-attenuated isolation, Behavioral Testing, Thioflavin S staining, social preference test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Novel object recognition (NOR),Social preference test,Fear conditioning,Novel object recognition task (NORT) ,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Light/dark (L/D) emergence task,Social interaction test,Sound attenuated isolation,Behavioral testing,Barnes maze test,Elevated zero maze test,Contextual Fear Conditioning Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2021.0184 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + Repetitive Low-Level Blast Exposure Improves Behavioral Deficits and Chronically Lowers Aβ42 in an Alzheimer Disease Transgenic Mouse Model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + Each subject to receive blast exposure was exposed to one 34.5-kPa exposure a day for three days in a row, followed by four days of no exposure, for a total of eight weeks., The shock tube has a 12-inch circular diameter and is a 19.5 ft-long steel tube divided into a 2.5 ft compression chamber that is separated from a 17 ft expansion chamber. The compression and expansion chambers are separated by polyethylene MylarTM sheets (Du Pont, Wilmington, DE) that control the peak pressure generated. The peak pressure at the end of the expansion chamber was determined by piezoresistive gauges specifically designed for pressure-time (impulse) measurements (Model 102M152, PCB, Piezotronics, Depew, NY). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + Each subject to receive blast exposure was exposed to one 34.5-kPa exposure a day for three days in a row, followed by four days of no exposure, for a total of eight weeks., The shock tube has a 12-inch circular diameter and is a 19.5 ft-long steel tube divided into a 2.5 ft compression chamber that is separated from a 17 ft expansion chamber. The compression and expansion chambers are separated by polyethylene MylarTM sheets (Du Pont, Wilmington, DE) that control the peak pressure generated. The peak pressure at the end of the expansion chamber was determined by piezoresistive gauges specifically designed for pressure-time (impulse) measurements (Model 102M152, PCB, Piezotronics, Depew, NY). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + PMID:34353119 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000941 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2021.0184 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + Perez Garcia G, Perez GM, Otero-Pagan A, Abutarboush R, Kawoos U, De Gasperi R, Gama Sosa MA, Pryor D, Hof PR, Cook DG, Gandy S, Ahlers ST, Elder GA. Transcranial Laser Therapy Does Not Improve Cognitive and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder-Related Behavioral Traits in Rats Exposed to Repetitive Low-Level Blast InjuryNeurotrauma Rep. 2021 Dec 2;2(1):548-563. doi: 10.1089\/neur.2021.0005. eCollection 2021. PMC8655798 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + blast tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + 262 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + Perez Garcia G,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + 10 weeks of age, 250–350 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + Contextual fear memory testing, Novel object recognition test, Sound-attenuated isolation, elevated zero maze apparatus, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), light/dark emergence task + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Novel object recognition (NOR),Sound attenuated isolation,Light/dark (L/D) emergence task,Elevated zero maze test,Contextual Fear Conditioning Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neur.2021.0005 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + Transcranial Laser Therapy Does Not Improve Cognitive and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder–Related Behavioral Traits in Rats Exposed to Repetitive Low-Level Blast Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + Long-Evans + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + Long-Evans + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + The shock tube has a 0.32-m circular diameter and is a 5.94-m-long steel tube divided into a 0.76-m compression chamber separated from a 5.18-m expansion chamber. The compression and expansion chambers are separated by polyethylene terephthalate MylarTM sheets (DuPont, Wilmington, DE) that control the peak pressure generated., Blast-exposed animals received 74.5 kPa (equivalent to 10.8 psi, duration 4.8 ms, and impulse 175.8 kPa*ms) exposures administered one exposure per day for 3 consecutive days. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + Blast-exposed animals received 74.5 kPa (equivalent to 10.8 psi, duration 4.8 ms, and impulse 175.8 kPa*ms) exposures administered one exposure per day for 3 consecutive days., The shock tube has a 0.32-m circular diameter and is a 5.94-m-long steel tube divided into a 0.76-m compression chamber separated from a 5.18-m expansion chamber. The compression and expansion chambers are separated by polyethylene terephthalate MylarTM sheets (DuPont, Wilmington, DE) that control the peak pressure generated. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + Rats were habituated to being restrained in 5-min sessions daily for 1 week before beginning TLT at week 34 post-blast. The laser probe/collimator was held 0.05 mm over the head in the midline of the dorsal surface of the rat head midway between bregma and lambda (Fig. 1). The laser was operated in a pulsed wave (PW) mode on 10 Hz, with an 88% duty cycle. Rats were exposed to an 808-nm wavelength, 10-Hz PW with an amplitude of 2.35 Vrms, delivered to a 4-mm circular area for 5 min/d, 5 days per week for 6 weeks. Average irradiance was 240 mW. Laser wavelength and signal intensity were confirmed with VCR4 detector cards (Thorlabs). For sham TLT, rats were restrained in the same way for an equal amount of time and the diode/collimator was placed over the head, but the laser was not turned on. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + PMID:34901948 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neur.2021.0005 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000942 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Nakuci J, McGuire M, Schweser F, Poulsen D, Muldoon SF. Differential Patterns of Change in Brain Connectivity Resulting from Severe Traumatic Brain InjuryBrain Connect. 2022 May 5. doi: 10.1089\/brain.2021.0168. Online ahead of print. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + lateral fluid percussion + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + 263 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Nakuci J,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + 300-350g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + 300 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Diffusion Tensor Imaging scan, Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Imaging,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Diffusion tensor images (DTI),Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + https://doi.org/110.1089/brain.2021.0168 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Differential patterns of change in brain connectivity resulting fromsevere traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Adult, male, Wistar rats (300-350g) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories(Wilmington, MA) and single housed in a 12-hour light/dark schedule with ad libitumaccess to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Adult, male, Wistar rats (300-350g) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories(Wilmington, MA) and single housed in a 12-hour light/dark schedule with ad libitumaccess to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + harles River Laboratories(Wilmington, MA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Adult, male, Wistar rats (300-350g) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories(Wilmington, MA) and single housed in a 12-hour light/dark schedule with ad libitumaccess to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + ns1:BIKO_000029 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Animals received a 20 ms fluidpressure pulse to the dura at an average of 2.79ATMs of atmospheres (range of 2.64 to2.98 ATMs) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + Animals received a 20 ms fluidpressure pulse to the dura at an average of 2.79ATMs of atmospheres (range of 2.64 to2.98 ATMs). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + PMID:35302399 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/brain.2021.0168 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000943 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Roof RL, Hall ED. Estrogen-related gender difference in survival rate and cortical blood flow after impact-acceleration head injury in ratsJ Neurotrauma. 2000 Dec;17(12):1155-69. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2000.17.1155. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + weight-drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + 265 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Roof RL,et al.,2000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + 375 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + 335-375g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + 335 - 375 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Body temperature, Blood gas analysis, blood pH, laser doppler flowmetry + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Blood measurement + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Blood gas analysis,Blood pH + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2000.17.1155 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Estrogen-RelatedGenderDifferenceinSurvivalRateandCorticalBloodFlowAfterImpact-AccelerationHeadInjuryinRats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + fe-male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + ratwasdisconnectedfromtherespirator,posi-tionedonafoampadunderahollowPlexiglastube,andasectionedbrassweightof500gdroppedfromaheightof1.5montothecenterofthemetaldisk, witha500-g,1.5-mweightdrop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Whenthegluehaddried(approximately5min),theratwasdisconnectedfromtherespirator,posi-tionedonafoampadunderahollowPlexiglastube,andasectionedbrassweightof500gdroppedfromaheightof1.5montothecenterofthemetaldisk. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + 17/3-estradiol + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Estrogen-treatedratswereinjectedwith0.1mg/kg(s.c.)of17/3-estradiol(0.5mL/kginDMSO)oncedailyfor14daysleadingupthedayofinjury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Estrogen-treatedratswereinjectedwith0.1mg/kg(s.c.)of17/3-estradiol(0.5mL/kginDMSO)oncedailyfor14daysleadingupthedayofinjury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + Ovariectomizedfemaleratsweregivendailyinjectionsof17/3-estradiol(n=8)orofthevehicle(n=8)for2weeksprecedinginjury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + 335 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + PMID:11186229 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1089/neu.2000.17.1155?hmac=1651180191-JonSJnpVpojjUWIVnFqzdlhQz62p%2FXWj1BmyTlq5vzE%3D + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000944 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + Brody DL, Mac Donald C, Kessens CC, Yuede C, Parsadanian M, Spinner M, Kim E, Schwetye KE, Holtzman DM, Bayly PV. Electromagnetic controlled cortical impact device for precise, graded experimental traumatic brain injuryJ Neurotrauma. 2007 Apr;24(4):657-73. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2006.0011. PMC2435168 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + electromagnetic controlled cortical impact device, EM coil-based impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + 266 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + Brody DL,et al.,2007 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + 2–3 months, 18–20 g, 24–26 g., Young adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + Young adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + 18 - 20 g, 24 - 26 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + Conditioned fear testing, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Rotorod test, Histology, shock sensitivity testing + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + Histology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + Rotarod test,Morris water maze (MWM),Conditioned fear testing,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2006.0011 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + Electromagnetic Controlled Cortical Impact Device for Precise, Graded Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + female, sexes + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + C57BL/6-SJLF1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + We designed an EM coil-based impact device intendedto be mounted on the arm of a stereotaxic instrument (Fig.1A). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + The tip was raised to the cocked position, andthe depth of desired impact was set by lowering the im-pact device 1–3 mm using the stereotaxic arm. Correc-tion for overshoot was not made. CCI was triggered us-ing Matlab-based computer controller., For most experiments, a 7-V com-mand was used, corresponding to a 12.25-amp currentpulse to the actuator, and resulting in a 5.230.03 m/secstroke velocity + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + For most experiments, a 7-V com-mand was used, corresponding to a 12.25-amp currentpulse to the actuator, and resulting in a 5.230.03 m/secstroke velocity, The tip was raised to the cocked position, andthe depth of desired impact was set by lowering the im-pact device 1–3 mm using the stereotaxic arm. Correc-tion for overshoot was not made. CCI was triggered us-ing Matlab-based computer controller. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + 18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + PMID:17439349 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1089/neu.2006.0011?hmac=1651412108-b8jM3Kk4%2BsKCPDvRBwHYP0SzoPhFaZJj3dh99C6XG%2Bg%3D + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000945 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + Irvine KA, Peters CM, Vazey EM, Ferguson AR, Clark D. DREADD-mediated activation of the locus coeruleus restores descending nociceptive inhibition after traumatic brain injury in ratsJ Neurotrauma. 2022 Apr 12. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2021.0485. Online ahead of print. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + lateral fluid percussion device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + 267 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + Irvine KA,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + 250-300g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + 250 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + up-down method, von Frey filament, DNIC assessment, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + Mechanical threshold,Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),von Frey filament + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2021.0485 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + DREADD-mediated activation of the locus coeruleus restores descending nociceptive inhibitionafter traumatic brain injury in rats. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + Amscien Instruments + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + VA, USA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + ns1:BIKO_000029 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + PMID:35412843 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1089/neu.2021.0485?hmac=1651256494-kKlLf7vUBphMyiBNzgKhxissjg2JMiUZ%2F%2BmRuVZxDdI%3D + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000946 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Meaney DF, Ross DT, Winkelstein BA, Brasko J, Goldstein D, Bilston LB, Thibault LE, Gennarelli TA. Modification of the cortical impact model to produce axonal injury in the rat cerebral cortexJ Neurotrauma. 1994 Oct;11(5):599-612. doi: 10.1089\/neu.1994.11.599. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + pneumatic impactor device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + 270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Meaney DF,et al.,1994 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + 450 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + 320^450 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + 320 - 450 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Cresyl violet staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Cresyl violet staining,Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.1994.11.599 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Modification of the Cortical Impact Model To ProduceAxonal Injury in the Rat Cerebral Cortex + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Based on the results of the physical model studies, the impact parameters were scaled for the smaller ratbrain, and the angle of impact was adjusted for impact to the somatosensory motor cortex., Briefly, a coronal section model was constructed bycutting a cat skull (Carolina Biological Supply, Burlington, NC) coronally, 3 mm anterior to the mandibularfossa, and coating the interior of the skull with white enamel (Testors, Inc.) to enhance contrast for high speedcinematography. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Long-Evans + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Long-Evans + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + To study the biomechanical aspects of the modified cortical impact technique, a pneumatic impactor devicesimilar to the device developed by General Motors Research Laboratories (Lighthall, 1988) was constructed + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + apparatus consists of a pneumatic cylinder (Bimba Co., Monee, IL) coupled to two inde-pendently controlled solenoid valves. A gas pressure source was attached to the solenoid valves, and the actu-ation of the valves was controlled by an electrical timing circuit. The timing circuit was designed to permit theduration of impact to vary across a wide range (25 msec-3 sec), elocity of the indentation was controlled by adjusting the pressure supplied to the pneumatic cylinderand was within the range of 2.8-3.0 m/sec for both the physical model and animal experiments, left cortex was indented 1.5mm at a 23-degree angle (normal to the durai surface at the center of the impact site) with a velocity of 4.5-4.9m/sec and a 22-25 msec dwell time + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + Briefly, this apparatus consists of a pneumatic cylinder (Bimba Co., Monee, IL) coupled to two inde-pendently controlled solenoid valves. A gas pressure source was attached to the solenoid valves, and the actu-ation of the valves was controlled by an electrical timing circuit. The timing circuit was designed to permit theduration of impact to vary across a wide range (25 msec-3 sec)., The left cortex was indented 1.5mm at a 23-degree angle (normal to the durai surface at the center of the impact site) with a velocity of 4.5-4.9m/sec and a 22-25 msec dwell time., Velocity of the indentation was controlled by adjusting the pressure supplied to the pneumatic cylinderand was within the range of 2.8-3.0 m/sec for both the physical model and animal experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + 320 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + PMID:7861451 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/neu.1994.11.599 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000947 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + Fox GB, Fan L, Levasseur RA, Faden AI. Sustained sensory\/motor and cognitive deficits with neuronal apoptosis following controlled cortical impact brain injury in the mouseJ Neurotrauma. 1998 Aug;15(8):599-614. doi: 10.1089\/neu.1998.15.599. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + microprocessor-controlled pneumatic impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + 271 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + Fox GB,et al.,1998 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + 42000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + 20-25 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + 38 - 42 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + Neurological evaluation, Histology, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Beam walk test, forepaw contraflexion, Rotarod test, TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + Histology,Neurological assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Beam walk test,Neurological evaluation,Rotarod test,Histology,Morris water maze (MWM),TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.1998.15.599 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + Sustained Sensory/Motor and Cognitive Deficits WithNeuronal Apoptosis Following Controlled Cortical ImpactBrain Injury in the Mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + Our injury device was designed and built at theGeorgetown Institute for Cognitive and ComputationalSciences and consists of a microprocessor-controlledpneumatic impactor with a 3.5-mm-diameter beveled flatbrass tip (Fig. 1). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + The core rod of a linear voltage differentialtransducer (LVDT, Serotec, Raleigh, NC) is attached tothe lower end of the impactor 46 mm from the tip to al-low measurement of velocities between 3.0 and 9.0 m/s.Velocity of the impactor is controlled by fine tuning bothpositive and negative (back) air pressures. An oscillo-scope (Tektronix, Portland, OR) records the time/dis-placement curve produced by the downward force on theLVDT, allowing precise measurement of the impactor ve-locity. For example, to produce a velocity of 6.0 m/s, apositive pressure of 50 pounds per square inch (p.s.i.) anda negative pressure of 10 p.s.i. is required. Similarly, avelocity of 4.5 m/s requires +50 p.s.i. and —20 p.s.i + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + The core rod of a linear voltage differentialtransducer (LVDT, Serotec, Raleigh, NC) is attached tothe lower end of the impactor 46 mm from the tip to al-low measurement of velocities between 3.0 and 9.0 m/s.Velocity of the impactor is controlled by fine tuning bothpositive and negative (back) air pressures. An oscillo-scope (Tektronix, Portland, OR) records the time/dis-placement curve produced by the downward force on theLVDT, allowing precise measurement of the impactor ve-locity. For example, to produce a velocity of 6.0 m/s, apositive pressure of 50 pounds per square inch (p.s.i.) anda negative pressure of 10 p.s.i. is required. Similarly, avelocity of 4.5 m/s requires +50 p.s.i. and —20 p.s.i. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + Georgetown Institute for Cognitive and Computational +Sciences + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + 38000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + PMID:9726259 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/neu.1998.15.599 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000948 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + Vagnozzi R, Marmarou A, Tavazzi B, Signoretti S, Di Pierro D, del Bolgia F, Amorini AM, Fazzina G, Sherkat S, Lazzarino G. Changes of cerebral energy metabolism and lipid peroxidation in rats leading to mitochondrial dysfunction after diffuse brain injuryJ Neurotrauma. 1999 Oct;16(10):903-13. doi: 10.1089\/neu.1999.16.903. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + 272 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + Vagnozzi R,et al.,1999 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + 300 to 350 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + 12 - 15 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + 12 - 15 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + 300 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + Blood gas analysis, Diode array analysis, high-performance liquid chromatography analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + Blood measurement + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + Blood gas analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.1999.16.903 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + Changes of Cerebral Energy Metabolism and LipidPeroxidation in Rats Leading to MitochondrialDysfunction After Diffuse Brain Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + cumulative weight of 450g was dropped from a height of 1 m (mild impact injury) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + PMID:10547099 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/neu.1999.16.903 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000949 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000095 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000095 + 2022-10-11T05:29:21.16139Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000095 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000107 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000095 + Negative treatment control group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000095 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000107 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000095 + A control in which a perturbagen that is known to consistently produce no response is used, or in which components of the treatment other than the active perturbagen are used (such as vehicle, vector, inactive compound, etc). This gives the investigators one or more possible baselines to compare to unknowns and can also be used to normalize data across samples as well as experiments done on different days. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + Manley GT, Rosenthal G, Lam M, Morabito D, Yan D, Derugin N, Bollen A, Knudson MM, Panter SS. Controlled cortical impact in swine: pathophysiology and biomechanicsJ Neurotrauma. 2006 Feb;23(2):128-39. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2006.23.128. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + pneumatic impactor device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + 273 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + Manley GT,et al.,2006 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + 42000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + 38–42 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + 38 - 42 kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + Intracranial Pressure (ICP), Nissl staining, Fluoro-Jade B staining (FJB), NeuN staining, cerebral perfusion pressure, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + Cerebrospinal fluid pressure,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Cardiac function,Blood pressure + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + Cerebral perfusion pressure,Nissl staining,Fluoro-Jade B staining (FJB),mean arterial blood pressure (MAP),Intracranial pressure (ICP),NeuN staining,Heart rate + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2006.23.128 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + Controlled Cortical Impact in Swine:Pathophysiology and Biomechanics + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + A total of 23 pigs were studied in these experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + In10 animals, velocity were varied from 2 to 4 m/sec, depthof depression from 2 to 10 mm, and dwell time from 50to 400 msec, in order to achieve a grossly visible injury,such as surface contusion or subarachnoid hemorrhage., The CCI device (Fig. 3A) was built by the Bioengi-neering Department at the Medical College of Virginia. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + 15-mm impactor tip with abeveled edge is attached to the lower end of the threadedrod, velocity of the impactor is controlledby fine-tuning the flow of high-pressure gas to the pneu-matic piston and can be adjusted between 1.0 and 6.0m/sec + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + A 15-mm impactor tip with abeveled edge is attached to the lower end of the threadedrod., The velocity of the impactor is controlledby fine-tuning the flow of high-pressure gas to the pneu-matic piston and can be adjusted between 1.0 and 6.0m/sec., velocity were varied from 2 to 4 m/sec, depthof depression from 2 to 10 mm, and dwell time from 50to 400 msec, in order to achieve a grossly visible injury,such as surface contusion or subarachnoid hemorrhage + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + 32000 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + PMID:16503797 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/neu.2006.23.128 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000950 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + Dennis AM, Haselkorn ML, Vagni VA, Garman RH, Janesko-Feldman K, Bayir H, Clark RS, Jenkins LW, Dixon CE, Kochanek PM. Hemorrhagic shock after experimental traumatic brain injury in mice: effect on neuronal deathJ Neurotrauma. 2009 Jun;26(6):889-99. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2008.0512. PMC2694227 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + pneumatic impactor device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + 274 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + Dennis AM,et al.,2009 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + 15 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + 12–15 weeks, 27  1.8 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC), Hematoxylin and Eosin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + Blood pressure,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC),mean arterial blood pressure (MAP),Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2008.0512 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + Hemorrhagic Shock after Experimental Traumatic BrainInjury in Mice: Effect on Neuronal Death + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + . A 3-mm flat-tip impounder was deployed at a velocity of 5 m/sec and adepth of 1 mm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + A 3-mm flat-tip impounder was deployed at a velocity of 5 m/sec and adepth of 1 mm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + In all mice, HS wasinduced over 15 min in a decelerating fashion, with 50% ofthe total volume removed over the first 5 min, 25% over thenext 5 min, and the final 25% over the last 5 min. Mice re-mained in unresuscitated HS for an additional 45 or 75 minfor a total Shock phase of either 60 or 90 min, to study the ef-fect of HS duration on neuropathological outcome after CCI.After completion of the blood withdrawal, mice transientlyauto-resuscitated to a MAP of 45–55 mm Hg, but thenrapidly re-equilibrated and maintained MAP in the targetrange for the remainder of the desired 60–90-min Shockphase. After completion of the HS interval, a 30-min Pre-Hos-pital phase was initiated, and 6% hetastarch (Hextend, Hos-pira, INC., Lake Forest, IL) was rapidly infused in 0.1-mLaliquots to achieve a MAP of 50 mm Hg. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + PMID:18781889 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/neu.2008.0512 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000951 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + Effgen GB, Vogel EW 3rd, Lynch KA, Lobel A, Hue CD, Meaney DF, Bass CR, Morrison B 3rd. Isolated primary blast alters neuronal function with minimal cell death in organotypic hippocampal slice culturesJ Neurotrauma. 2014 Jul 1;31(13):1202-10. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2013.3227. Epub 2014 May 8. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + aluminum shock tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + 275 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + Effgen GB,et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + pups + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + Electrophysiological recording, Propidium iodideluorescence + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + Electric potential + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + Electrophysiological assessment + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2013.3227 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + Isolated Primary Blast Alters Neuronal Functionwith Minimal Cell Death in OrganotypicHippocampal Slice Cultures + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + In brief, a shock wave was generated with a 76-mm-diameter aluminum shock tube with an adjustable-length driversection (25, 50, and 190 mm used for the current studies) pressur-ized with helium or nitrogen and a 1240 mm long driven sec-tion. 12,13 Piezoresistive pressure transducers (Endevco, San JuanCapistrano, CA) were flush-mounted at the exit of the shock tubeand within the fluid-filled blast receiver, at the location of theculture, and were oriented perpendicular to the direction of prop-agation to record side-on (incident) pressure. Transducer outputswere amplified (50 · gain) and low-pass filtered (corner frequencyof 40 kHz; Alligator Technologies, Costa Mesa, CA) before beingdigitized at 125 kHz + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + In brief, a shock wave was generated with a 76-mm-diameter aluminum shock tube with an adjustable-length driversection (25, 50, and 190 mm used for the current studies) pressur-ized with helium or nitrogen and a 1240 mm long driven sec-tion. 12,13 Piezoresistive pressure transducers (Endevco, San JuanCapistrano, CA) were flush-mounted at the exit of the shock tubeand within the fluid-filled blast receiver, at the location of theculture, and were oriented perpendicular to the direction of prop-agation to record side-on (incident) pressure. Transducer outputswere amplified (50 · gain) and low-pass filtered (corner frequencyof 40 kHz; Alligator Technologies, Costa Mesa, CA) before beingdigitized at 125 kHz + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + PMID:24558968 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000952 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/neu.2013.3227 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + Szenasi A, Amrein K, Czeiter E, Szarka N, Toth P, Koller A. Molecular Pathomechanisms of Impaired Flow-Induced Constriction of Cerebral Arteries Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Potential Impact on Cerebral AutoregulationInt J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 21;22(12):6624. doi: 10.3390\/ijms22126624. PMC8234931 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + 277 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + Szenasi A,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + 300–350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + 300 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126624 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + Wistar–Kyoto rats (male 300–350 g) were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA, USA) and were used for all experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + Wistar–Kyoto rats (male 300–350 g) were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA, USA) and were used for all experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + Wistar–Kyoto + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA, USA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + Wistar–Kyoto rats (male 300–350 g) were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA, USA) and were used for all experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + 450 g cylindrical weight from 1.5 m + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + A 450 g cylindrical weight from 1.5 m was dropped onto the disc, causing diffuse traumatic brain injury to the animals. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + PMID:34205652 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6624/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000953 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Aboghazleh R, Parker E, Yang LT, Kaufer D, Dreier JP, Friedman A, van Hameren G. Brainstem and Cortical Spreading Depolarization in a Closed Head Injury Rat ModelInt J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 28;22(21):11642. doi: 10.3390\/ijms222111642. PMC8584184 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + 279 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Aboghazleh R,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + 10–12 weeks old, Young, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Young adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Antioxidant Assay, Histology, qRT-PCR, intrinsic optical signal + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Imaging,Biochemical assay,Molecular assay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + qRT-PCR,Antioxidant Assay,Intrinsic signal imaging,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111642 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Young (10–12 weeks old) adult male Sprague Dawley rats (Charles River, Montréal, QC, Canada, n = 146) were double-housed in standard cages at the Dalhousie University animal care center (Tupper building) with access to food, water, and shelter ad libitum in accordance with animal care protocols 16-094 (1 October 2016), 17-105 (1 November 2017) and 19-065 (1 June 2019). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Young (10–12 weeks old) adult male Sprague Dawley rats (Charles River, Montréal, QC, Canada, n = 146) were double-housed in standard cages at the Dalhousie University animal care center (Tupper building) with access to food, water, and shelter ad libitum in accordance with animal care protocols 16-094 (1 October 2016), 17-105 (1 November 2017) and 19-065 (1 June 2019). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Charles River, Montréal, QC, Canada + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Young (10–12 weeks old) adult male Sprague Dawley rats (Charles River, Montréal, QC, Canada, n = 146) were double-housed in standard cages at the Dalhousie University animal care center (Tupper building) with access to food, water, and shelter ad libitum in accordance with animal care protocols 16-094 (1 October 2016), 17-105 (1 November 2017) and 19-065 (1 June 2019). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + 1 cm in diameter and 1.5 cm in height, 500–600 g travelling vertically for 0.85 m, same weight was dropped from 1.00 m + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + A cylindrical TBI platform (1 cm in diameter and 1.5 cm in height) was formed above the frontal or parietal bones using dental cement (Figure 4), where a weight was dropped transmitting an impact to the brain. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Mild TBI was defined by an impact (500–600 g travelling vertically for 0.85 m along a metal guide rail onto the frontal TBI platform; Figure 2e) that does not cause gross structural damage, nor death after a single hit, but does result in a transient reduction in neurological score at 10 min after impact (Figure S1). For severe TBI, the same weight was dropped from 1.00 m above the TBI platform located above the parietal bone, causing gross structural damage (Figure 3a), 20% immediate mortality after a single hit, or 70% mortality after repeated impacts (Figure S1) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Mild TBI was defined by an impact (500–600 g travelling vertically for 0.85 m along a metal guide rail onto the frontal TBI platform; Figure 2e) that does not cause gross structural damage, nor death after a single hit, but does result in a transient reduction in neurological score at 10 min after impact (Figure S1). For severe TBI, the same weight was dropped from 1.00 m above the TBI platform located above the parietal bone, causing gross structural damage (Figure 3a), 20% immediate mortality after a single hit, or 70% mortality after repeated impacts (Figure S1). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + Primer sequences used for RT-qPCR., Thermocycling conditions for RT-qPCR. Step 3 and 4 were repeated for 40 cycles. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + PMID:34769073 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11642/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000954 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + Stetter C, Lopez-Caperuchipi S, Hopp-Krämer S, Bieber M, Kleinschnitz C, Sirén AL, Albert-Weißenberger C. Amelioration of Cognitive and Behavioral Deficits after Traumatic Brain Injury in Coagulation Factor XII Deficient MiceInt J Mol Sci. 2021 May 3;22(9):4855. doi: 10.3390\/ijms22094855. PMC8124758 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + Stetter C,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + 12-week old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + IntelliCage Test, object recognition test, Organ Weight to Body Weight Ratio, Immunofluorescence, Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + Immunofluorescence staining,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + Object recognition test ,IntelliCage Test,Immunofluorescence staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094855 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + Amelioration of Cognitive and Behavioral Deficits after Traumatic Brain Injury in Coagulation Factor XII Deficient Mice + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + A total of 33 (18 male, 15 female) 12-week old Factor XII deficient (FXII−/−) mice on C57BL66N background [7,8] and 37 (20 male, 17 female) wildtype (FXII+/+) littermates were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + A total of 33 (18 male, 15 female) 12-week old Factor XII deficient (FXII−/−) mice on C57BL66N background [7,8] and 37 (20 male, 17 female) wildtype (FXII+/+) littermates were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + C57BL/6N + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + FXII+/+, FXII−/−, Factor XII deficient, wildtype + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + A total of 33 (18 male, 15 female) 12-week old Factor XII deficient (FXII−/−) mice on C57BL66N background [7,8] and 37 (20 male, 17 female) wildtype (FXII+/+) littermates were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + A total of 33 (18 male, 15 female) 12-week old Factor XII deficient (FXII−/−) mice on C57BL66N background [7,8] and 37 (20 male, 17 female) wildtype (FXII+/+) littermates were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + falling weight (95 g) with a silicone-covered blunt tip onto the skull with a final impact of 0.01 J. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + After identification of the impact area over the right fronto–parietal cortex, TBI was induced by a falling weight (95 g) with a silicone-covered blunt tip onto the skull with a final impact of 0.01 J. After TBI induction, the mice shortly received 100% oxygen. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + PMID:34063730 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4855/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000955 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + Lecques JD, Kerr BJK, Hillyer LM, Kang JX, Robinson LE, Ma DWL. N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Ameliorate Neurobehavioral Outcomes Post-Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the Fat-1 Mouse ModelNutrients. 2021 Nov 15;13(11):4092. doi: 10.3390\/nu13114092. PMC8620437 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + 283 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + Lecques JD,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + 7 to 8 weeks of maturity + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + 7 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + 7 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Prussian blue staining, Nuclear Fast Red Staining, gas liquid chromatography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + Analytical technique,Severity score,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + Prussian blue staining,Nuclear fast red staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Gas chromatography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13114092 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + Male fat-1 mice were mated with C57/Bl female mice (Charles River) to generate fat-1 and WT offspring. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + Charles River + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + WT + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + Male fat-1 mice were mated with C57/Bl female mice (Charles River) to generate fat-1 and WT offspring. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + Male fat-1 mice were mated with C57/Bl female mice (Charles River) to generate fat-1 and WT offspring. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + weight was subsequently released vertically from a height of 163 cm through a PVC guide tube (20 mm × 163 cm), 100 g steel weight (1.3 cm × 28 cm) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + The mouse was positioned onto the aluminum platform such that the 100 g steel weight (1.3 cm × 28 cm) would fall directly onto the dorsal surface of the scalp midline between the bregma and lambda [11]., The weight was subsequently released vertically from a height of 163 cm through a PVC guide tube (20 mm × 163 cm), delivering a clinically relevant force of impact onto the mouse’s closed cranium [11]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + PMID:34836347 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4092/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000956 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Hetzer SM, Shalosky EM, Torrens JN, Evanson NK. Chronic Histological Outcomes of Indirect Traumatic Optic Neuropathy in Adolescent Mice: Persistent Degeneration and Temporally Regulated Glial ResponsesCells. 2021 Nov 28;10(12):3343. doi: 10.3390\/cells10123343. PMC8699438 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + 284 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Hetzer SM,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + 24 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + 18.1 and 24.2 g, 6-week old, adolescent + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Adolescent + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + 18.1 g , 24.2 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10123343 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Chronic Histological Outcomes of Indirect Traumatic Optic Neuropathy in Adolescent Mice: Persistent Degeneration and Temporally Regulated Glial Responses + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Experiments were performed in 6-week old adolescent male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, USA). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Experiments were performed in 6-week old adolescent male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, USA). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, USA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Experiments were performed in 6-week old adolescent male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, USA). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + metal rod (1.2 cm diameter; 400 g) that was raised to 1.5 cm above the intact + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Briefly, mice were anesthetized using isoflurane (2–3%) until no toe-pinch reflex was present and placed in a prone position under a metal rod (1.2 cm diameter; 400 g) that was raised to 1.5 cm above the intact, unshaven scalp. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + Antibody Information. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + 18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + PMID:34943851 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/12/3343/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000957 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + Hetzer SM, Guilhaume-Correa F, Day D, Bedolla A, Evanson NK. Traumatic Optic Neuropathy Is Associated with Visual Impairment, Neurodegeneration, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Adolescent MiceCells. 2021 Apr 23;10(5):996. doi: 10.3390\/cells10050996. PMC8146890 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + 285 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + Hetzer SM,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + 6-week-old, adolescent + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + Adolescent + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + Fluoro-Jade B staining (FJB), Immunofluorescence, Locomotion, Optomotor/Optokinetic Response, Visual Acuity Testing, Western blot, mean fluorescence intensity + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + Immunofluorescence staining,Fluorescence method,Immunoassay,Vision test,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + Mean fluorescence intensity,Optomotor/Optokinetic response,Fluoro-Jade B staining (FJB),Visual acuity testing,Immunofluorescence staining,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10050996 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + These experiments were performed in 6-week-old adolescent [36] male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, USA). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + These experiments were performed in 6-week-old adolescent [36] male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, USA). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, USA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + These experiments were performed in 6-week-old adolescent [36] male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME, USA). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + metal rod (1.2 cm diameter; 400 g), raised to 1.5 cm above the scalp in prone position on a 0.5-cm-thick piece of cork board + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + In brief, mice were anesthetized using isoflurane (2–3%) and positioned under a metal rod (1.2 cm diameter; 400 g), raised to 1.5 cm above the scalp in prone position on a 0.5-cm-thick piece of cork board. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + PMID:33922788 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/5/996/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000958 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + Praveen Rajneesh C, Liou JC, Hsieh TH, Chin HY, Peng CW. Efficacy of Deep Brain Stimulation on the Improvement of the Bladder Functions in Traumatic Brain Injured RatsBrain Sci. 2020 Nov 12;10(11):850. doi: 10.3390\/brainsci10110850. PMC7698168 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + 286 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + Praveen Rajneesh C,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + 250~280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + 250 - 280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Cystometric measurements, measure external urethral sphincter electromyography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + Bladder function,Imaging + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + Cystometric measurement,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10110850 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + In total, 28 male Sprague–Dawley rats obtained from BioLASCO Taiwan (Yilan, Taiwan) and weighing 250~280 g were used in the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + In total, 28 male Sprague–Dawley rats obtained from BioLASCO Taiwan (Yilan, Taiwan) and weighing 250~280 g were used in the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + free-falling 450-g brass weight from 2 m in height through a vertical transparent Plexiglas tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + It consisted of a free-falling 450-g brass weight from 2 m in height through a vertical transparent Plexiglas tube. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + All rats were anesthetized with urethane (1.25 g/kg, subcutaneously; Sigma Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA). A heating pad was used to maintain a constant body temperature as mentioned above, and a rectal probe was also used to monitor the body temperature of the animal until the end of the experiment. The surgical site was prepared for surgery by a required disinfection procedure. Later, the rat’s skull was exposed by cutting the skin over the middle of its head. Subsequently, the bregma point was carefully exposed with the aid of a stereotactic apparatus (Stoelting, Wood Dale, IL, USA).The target area (PPTg) was localized from the bregma at a deviation of anterior–posterior (AP) −7.3 mm, mediolateral (L) +2.0 mm, dorsal–ventral (DV) −7.5 mm [12,13]. With the aid of an electric drill, a precise burr hole was made to embed the twisted bipolar electrode (SS80SNE-100, MicroProbes, Gaithersburg, MD, USA) into the targeted brain region (Figure 2). For the DBS procedure, the frequency was fixed at 50 Hz, and variations in the current-voltage of 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 V were applied along with a pulse width of 182 µs. The electrical stimulation was automatically applied at the onset of the reflexive bladder contraction, beginning when the bladder contraction pressure exceeded 25 cmH2O and lasting for 10 s to augment the bladder contraction. The DBS trials with amplitudes ranging from 1 to 2.5 V were conducted in a randomized amplitude sequence. The stimulation procedure described above was continually maintained until the end of the experiment for TBI rats. NC rats had an electrode Implanted but were not subjected to the stimulation procedure. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + PMID:33198259 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/11/850/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000959 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000096 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000096 + 2022-10-11T05:30:18.954329Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000096 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000194 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000096 + Positive treatment control group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000096 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000194 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000096 + A control in which a perturbagen that is known to produce a consistent response is used. This gives the investigators confidence that the assay is performing as expected. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + Wang C, Shao C, Zhang L, Siedlak SL, Meabon JS, Peskind ER, Lu Y, Wang W, Perry G, Cook DG, Zhu X. Oxidative Stress Signaling in Blast TBI-Induced Tau PhosphorylationAntioxidants (Basel). 2021 Jun 15;10(6):955. doi: 10.3390\/antiox10060955. PMC8232162 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + shock tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + 288 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + Wang C,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + Three-month-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + Image Acquisition, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + Imaging,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + Western blot,Image analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060955 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + The blast overpressure waves used in these experiments had a peak static pressure of 19 ± 0.4 pounds per square inch (p.s.i.), a positive phase duration of 6.2 ± 0.08 msec (mean ± SEM, each), and a resulting impulse of ~32.6 psi * milliseconds. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + The blast overpressure waves used in these experiments had a peak static pressure of 19 ± 0.4 pounds per square inch (p.s.i.), a positive phase duration of 6.2 ± 0.08 msec (mean ± SEM, each), and a resulting impulse of ~32.6 psi * milliseconds. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + PMID:34203583 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/6/955/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000960 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + Yang Z, Simovic MO, Edsall PR, Liu B, Cancio TS, Batchinsky AI, Cancio LC, Li Y. HMGB1 Inhibition to Ameliorate Organ Failure and Increase Survival in TraumaBiomolecules. 2022 Jan 8;12(1):101. doi: 10.3390\/biom12010101. PMC8773879 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + 290 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + Yang Z,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + 475 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + 10–12 weeks old, 350–475 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + 350 - 475 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RT-PCR, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot, Brain water content, cortical oxidative stress + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + Cerebral edema assessment,Cellular stress,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Cortical oxidative stress,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,RT-PCR,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12010101 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + Blast severity was similar for both groups. For the sham group, blast data were BOP = 117.26 ± 1.36 kPa, t+ = 3.29 ± 0.01 ms, and I = 141 ± 0.87 kPa-ms. For the CX-01 group, blast data were BOP = 117.48 ± 1.82 kPa, t+ = 3.38 ± 0.03 ms, and I = 145 ± 0.39 kPa-ms (Table 1), Blast wave parameters + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + Blast severity was similar for both groups. For the sham group, blast data were BOP = 117.26 ± 1.36 kPa, t+ = 3.29 ± 0.01 ms, and I = 141 ± 0.87 kPa-ms. For the CX-01 group, blast data were BOP = 117.48 ± 1.82 kPa, t+ = 3.38 ± 0.03 ms, and I = 145 ± 0.39 kPa-ms (Table 1). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + In the CX-01 group, three doses of CX-01 (25 mg/kg of body weight) were administered. The first dose was given intravenously 15 min after blast but before hemorrhage, the second dose was administered at 2 h after blast, and the third dose was administered subcutaneously at 10 h after blast. The CX-01 dose of 25 mg/kg reflects the standard human unfractionated heparin intravenous dosage and has previously shown to result in a near complete inhibition of airway HMGB1 release in mice with Pseudomonas pneumonia [41]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + PMID:35053249 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/1/101/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000961 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + Hentig J, Campbell LJ, Cloghessy K, Lee M, Boggess W, Hyde DR. Prophylactic Activation of Shh Signaling Attenuates TBI-Induced Seizures in Zebrafish by Modulating Glutamate Excitotoxicity through Eaat2aBiomedicines. 2021 Dec 24;10(1):32. doi: 10.3390\/biomedicines10010032. PMC8773121 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + 291 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + Hentig J,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + 18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + 78 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + 6–18 months old, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + 6 - 18 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + 6 - 18 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + Learning, Glutamate Excitotoxicity, Immunoblot, Memory, qRT-PCR, ataxia, bending, circling, corkscrew swimming, clonic-seizure metrics, modified Puppala, Fluid Content Measurement + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + Cerebral edema assessment,Molecular assay,Abnormal nervous system physiology,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + Clonic seizure metrics,Corkscrew swimming,Ataxia analysis,Brain water content,qRT-PCR,Shuttle box assay,Circling analysis,Immunoblot,Bending analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10010032 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + female, sexes + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + This study used approximately equal numbers of male and female adult zebrafish, 6–18 months old, and 3 to 5 cm in length. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + zebrafish + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + Adult wild-type albinob4 zebrafish [24] (Danio rerio) of both sexes were maintained in the Center for Zebrafish Research at the University of Notre Dame Freimann Life Sciences Center. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + Center for Zebrafish Research at the University of Notre Dame Freimann Life Sciences Center + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + wild-type + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + Adult wild-type albinob4 zebrafish [24] (Danio rerio) of both sexes were maintained in the Center for Zebrafish Research at the University of Notre Dame Freimann Life Sciences Center. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + Adult wild-type albinob4 zebrafish [24] (Danio rerio) of both sexes were maintained in the Center for Zebrafish Research at the University of Notre Dame Freimann Life Sciences Center. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + 1.5 g or 3.3 g ball bearing weight was dropped down a shaft of either 7.6 or 12.7 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + For TBI, fish were anesthetized and either a 1.5 g or 3.3 g ball bearing weight was dropped down a shaft of either 7.6 or 12.7 cm length to produce the desired force. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + PMID:35052712 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/1/32/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000962 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Hentig J, Cloghessy K, Lahne M, Jung YJ, Petersen RA, Morris AC, Hyde DR. Zebrafish Blunt-Force TBI Induces Heterogenous Injury Pathologies That Mimic Human TBI and Responds with Sonic Hedgehog-Dependent Cell Proliferation across the NeuroaxisBiomedicines. 2021 Jul 22;9(8):861. doi: 10.3390\/biomedicines9080861. PMC8389629 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + 292 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Hentig J,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + 52 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + 6–12 months old, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + 6 - 12 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + 6 - 12 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Sonic Hedgehog Modulation, Evans Blue Assay, Fluid Content Measurement, Hoshi protocol, Image Acquisition, Immediate and Delayed Recall, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Learning, Locomotion velocity, qRT-PCR, Sensorimotor Assay, Shuttle Box Assay Testing Apparatus, Startle Response Habituation, TUNEL staining, Vascular Injury, optical density, tonic-clonic seizure metrics + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Stereological method,Cerebral edema assessment,Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Optical density,Immediate and delayed recall test,Sensorimotor Assay,Hoshi protocol,Image analysis,Brain water content,qRT-PCR,Shuttle Box Assay,TUNEL staining,Evans blue dye + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9080861 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Marmarou weight drop + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + The study used approximately equal numbers of male and female adult zebrafish, 6–12 months old, 3 to 5 cm in length. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + zebrafish + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Adult wild-type AB, Tg[nestin:GFP]tud100 [19], Tg[gfap:EGFP]nt11 [33] transgenic lines, and albinob4 [34] and roya9;mitfaw2 (referred to as casper) [35] mutant lines of zebrafish (Danio rerio) were maintained in the Center for Zebrafish Research at the University of Notre Dame Freimann Life Sciences Center. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Zebrafish Research at the University of Notre Dame Freimann Life Sciences Center + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + transgenic lines, wild-type AB + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Adult wild-type AB, Tg[nestin:GFP]tud100 [19], Tg[gfap:EGFP]nt11 [33] transgenic lines, and albinob4 [34] and roya9;mitfaw2 (referred to as casper) [35] mutant lines of zebrafish (Danio rerio) were maintained in the Center for Zebrafish Research at the University of Notre Dame Freimann Life Sciences Center. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Adult wild-type AB, Tg[nestin:GFP]tud100 [19], Tg[gfap:EGFP]nt11 [33] transgenic lines, and albinob4 [34] and roya9;mitfaw2 (referred to as casper) [35] mutant lines of zebrafish (Danio rerio) were maintained in the Center for Zebrafish Research at the University of Notre Dame Freimann Life Sciences Center. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + 1.5 g or 3.3 g ball bearing weight was dropped down a shaft of either 7.6 or 12.7 cm length, which was placed approximately 1.5 cm above the skull of the fish to produce the desired force + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + Either a 1.5 g or 3.3 g ball bearing weight was dropped down a shaft of either 7.6 or 12.7 cm length, which was placed approximately 1.5 cm above the skull of the fish to produce the desired force (Figure 1A). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + To induce mild traumatic brain injury (miTBI), a 1.5 g ball was dropped from 9.1 cm (v = 1.34 m/s) producing an energy of 1.33 mJ and an impact force of 1.47 N. A moderate traumatic brain injury (moTBI) was produced by dropping a 1.5 g ball from a height of 14.2 cm (v = 1.91 m/s) resulting in an energy of 2.08 mJ and an impact force of 2.45 N. To induce a severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI), a 3.3 g ball was dropped from 9.1 cm (v = 1.34 m/s) with an energy of 2.94 mJ and an impact force of 3.23 N, To induce mild traumatic brain injury (miTBI), a 1.5 g ball was dropped from 9.1 cm (v = 1.34 m/s) producing an energy of 1.33 mJ and an impact force of 1.47 N. A moderate traumatic brain injury (moTBI) was produced by dropping a 1.5 g ball from a height of 14.2 cm (v = 1.91 m/s) resulting in an energy of 2.08 mJ and an impact force of 2.45 N. To induce a severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI), a 3.3 g ball was dropped from 9.1 cm (v = 1.34 m/s) with an energy of 2.94 mJ and an impact force of 3.23 N. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + PMID:34440066 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/8/861/htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000963 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + Cheng H, Di G, Gao CC, He G, Wang X, Han YL, Sun LA, Zhou ML, Jiang X. FTY720 Reduces Endothelial Cell Apoptosis and Remodels Neurovascular Unit after Experimental Traumatic Brain InjuryInt J Med Sci. 2021 Jan 1;18(2):304-313. doi: 10.7150\/ijms.49066. eCollection 2021. PMC7757143 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 293 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + Cheng H,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 28-32 g, 6-8 weeks of age + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Evans blue permeability assay, Immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, Western blot, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + Immunofluorescence staining,modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS),Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Evans blue dye + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + https://doi.org/110.7150/ijms.49066 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + ICR mice (purchased from Qinglongshan Animal Center, Nanjing, China) were used at 6-8 weeks of age; weighing 28-32 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + Qinglongshan Animal Center, Nanjing, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + ICR mice (purchased from Qinglongshan Animal Center, Nanjing, China) were used at 6-8 weeks of age; weighing 28-32 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 200 g weight was released above the impact area from a height of 2.5 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + The left anterior frontal area (the exact location is 1.5 mm lateral to the midline on the mid-coronal plane) was used as the impact area, a 200 g weight was released above the impact area from a height of 2.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + Furthermore, mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups: 1) sham group, 2) TBI group, 3) TBI + FTY720 group: FTY720 (0.5 mg/kg, Selleck chemicals, Houston, TX, USA) was intraperitoneally administered right after TBI. 4) TBI + vehicle group, equal volumes of vehicle [1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)] were injected immediately after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + PMID:33390799 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + https://www.medsci.org/v18p0304.htm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000964 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + Ozturk Y, Bozkurt I, Guvenc Y, Kepoglu U, Cingirt M, Gulbahar O, Ozcerezci T, Senturk S, Yaman ME. Modafinil attenuates the neuroinflammatory response after experimental traumatic brain injuryJ Neurosurg Sci. 2021 Sep 21. doi: 10.23736\/S0390-5616.21.05382-0. Online ahead of print. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + 295 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + Ozturk Y,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + Garcia Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + Garcia test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + https://doi.org/110.23736/S0390-5616.21.05382-0 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + A weight drop model was used to induce experimental TBI on 30 Wistar albino rats. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + Wistar Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + A weight drop model was used to induce experimental TBI on 30 Wistar albino rats. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + PMID:34545730 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000965 + https://www.minervamedica.it/en/journals/neurosurgical-sciences/article.php?cod=R38Y9999N00A21092101 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + Kamal SR, Potukutchi S, Gelovani DJ, Bonomi RE, Kallakuri S, Cavanaugh JM, Mangner T, Conti A, Liu RS, Pasqualini R, Arap W, Sidman RL, Perrine SA, Gelovani JG. Spatial and temporal dynamics of HDACs class IIa following mild traumatic brain injury in adult ratsMol Psychiatry. 2022 Mar;27(3):1683-1693. doi: 10.1038\/s41380-021-01369-7. Epub 2022 Jan 14. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + 296 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + Kamal SR,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + 250–300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + 250 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + PET/CT imaging, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), optical density, CT, PET + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining,Stereological method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Optical density,Positron emission tomography (PET),Computerized tomography (CT) scan,Positron emission tomography (PET/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-021-01369-7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + Envigo, MI + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + positioned with the stainless-steel disk centered under the lower end of an acrylic tube (2.5 m long, 57 mm diameter) and a custom-made 450 g impactor was dropped through the tube from a height of 1 m (calculated impact velocity of 4.43 m/s) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + The head of each rat was then positioned with the stainless-steel disk centered under the lower end of an acrylic tube (2.5 m long, 57 mm diameter) and a custom-made 450 g impactor was dropped through the tube from a height of 1 m (calculated impact velocity of 4.43 m/s). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + PMID:35027678 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-021-01369-7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000966 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + Benady A, Freidin D, Pick CG, Rubovitch V. GM1 ganglioside prevents axonal regeneration inhibition and cognitive deficits in a mouse model of traumatic brain injurySci Rep. 2018 Sep 6;8(1):13340. doi: 10.1038\/s41598-018-31623-y. PMC6127193 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + concussive head trauma device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + 297 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + Benady A,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + 30–40 grams, 6–8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + 30 - 40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + Aggleton index, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Novel object recognition test, Y-maze, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Novel object recognition (NOR),Y Maze test,Aggleton index,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31623-y + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + ICR male mice, ages 6–8 weeks, weighing 30–40 grams, were purchased from Envigo RMS Israel. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + ICR male mice, ages 6–8 weeks, weighing 30–40 grams, were purchased from Envigo RMS Israel. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + Envigo RMS Israel + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + ICR male mice, ages 6–8 weeks, weighing 30–40 grams, were purchased from Envigo RMS Israel. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + The head injury was induced by using the concussive head trauma device, which was been described previously in our lab4,19. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + metal tube (with an internal diameter of 13 mm) that is placed vertically above the head of the mouse. A metal weight (30 g) is inserted into the metal pipe, which falls in a free fall of 80 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + The device is a hollow metal tube (with an internal diameter of 13 mm) that is placed vertically above the head of the mouse. A metal weight (30 g) is inserted into the metal pipe, which falls in a free fall of 80 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + The mice in the mTBI + GM1 and GM1 groups received one injection of 0.1 ml per 10 g mouse weight (ganglioside GM1, Calbiochem USA) shortly after the injury. The substance was dissolved in dimethysulfoxide (DMSO) and then diluted with saline to final concentration of 2 mg/kg and injected IP (Intra Peritoneum). Mice in the other two groups received a vehicle injection (DMSO) of the same volume. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + PMID:30190579 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-31623-y + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000967 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + Ustaoglu SG, Ali MHM, Rakib F, Blezer ELA, Van Heijningen CL, Dijkhuizen RM, Severcan F. Biomolecular changes and subsequent time-dependent recovery in hippocampal tissue after experimental mild traumatic brain injurySci Rep. 2021 Jun 14;11(1):12468. doi: 10.1038\/s41598-021-92015-3. PMC8203626 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 298 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + Ustaoglu SG,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 11-week-old, 350–400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 11 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 11 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 350 - 400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + FTIR Imaging studies, Hematoxylin and Eosin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92015-3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + In the current study, 11-week-old male Sprague Dawley (= SD) (Charles River Laboratories International, Wilmington, MA, USA) rats (350–400 g) were allocated into three different groups, i.e. controls (n = 5), 24-h post-TBI (n = 5) or 1-month post-TBI (n = 4). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + Charles River Laboratories International, Wilmington, MA, USA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + In the current study, 11-week-old male Sprague Dawley (= SD) (Charles River Laboratories International, Wilmington, MA, USA) rats (350–400 g) were allocated into three different groups, i.e. controls (n = 5), 24-h post-TBI (n = 5) or 1-month post-TBI (n = 4). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 450 g was dropped from 1-m height through a Plexiglas tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + A weight of 450 g was dropped from 1-m height through a Plexiglas tube, on to the center of a steel disc, which was temporally glued to the skull midline of rats between bregma and lambda. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + PMID:34127773 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-92015-3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000968 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + Farajzadeh Khosroshahi S, Yin X, K Donat C, McGarry A, Yanez Lopez M, Baxan N, J Sharp D, Sastre M, Ghajari M. Multiscale modelling of cerebrovascular injury reveals the role of vascular anatomy and parenchymal shear stressesSci Rep. 2021 Jun 21;11(1):12927. doi: 10.1038\/s41598-021-92371-0. PMC8217506 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + 299 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + Farajzadeh Khosroshahi S,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + 9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + 9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + 9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92371-0 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + Multiscale modelling of cerebrovascular injury reveals the role of vascular anatomy and parenchymal shear stresses + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + PMID:34155289 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-92371-0 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000969 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_000097 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000097 + 2022-10-11T05:31:20.322234Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000097 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0008011 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000097 + Inactive treatment control group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000097 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0008011 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000097 + A control for experimental treatment in which an inactive form of the treatment is substituted for the active form, such as a scrambled siRNA, a plasmid/virus with inactive insert, or an inactive but related chemical compound. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + Ko J, Hemphill MA, Gabrieli D, Wu L, Yelleswarapu V, Lawrence G, Pennycooke W, Singh A, Meaney DF, Issadore D. Smartphone-enabled optofluidic exosome diagnostic for concussion recoverySci Rep. 2016 Aug 8;6:31215. doi: 10.1038\/srep31215. PMC4976377 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + Ko J,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + 14 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + 12–14 week old, Embryos, adult, day E18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + 12 - 14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + 12 - 14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + Calcium imaging, Off chip micro-bead assay, Western blot, flow cytometry, righting time + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + Imaging,Cytological technique,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + Calcium imaging assay,Righting reflex,Western blot,Flow cytometry + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92371-0 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + Smartphone-enabled optofluidic exosome diagnostic for concussion recovery + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + pregnant + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + mouse, rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + C57BL/6J, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + C57BL, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + The skull flap was removed and the animal was loaded into the CCI machine. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + single pressure pulse was administered. High level injuries corresponded to a peak overpressure of 415 +/−41 kPa for 1.02 +/−0.04 ms whereas low level injuries corresponded to 215 +/−13 kPa for 0.65 +/−0.04 ms., controlled air pressure pulse was injected into the chamber, causing the membrane to deflect through a rectangular opening (2.5 ∗ 18 mm2) and mechanically injure the cells only within this rectangular region, moderate injury was produced at an average impact velocity of 2.4 m/sec with an impact depth of 1.0 mm, centering the impact at approximately −2.5 mm bregma + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + A controlled air pressure pulse was injected into the chamber, causing the membrane to deflect through a rectangular opening (2.5 ∗ 18 mm2) and mechanically injure the cells only within this rectangular region., A moderate injury was produced at an average impact velocity of 2.4 m/sec with an impact depth of 1.0 mm, centering the impact at approximately −2.5 mm bregma., A single pressure pulse was administered. High level injuries corresponded to a peak overpressure of 415 +/−41 kPa for 1.02 +/−0.04 ms whereas low level injuries corresponded to 215 +/−13 kPa for 0.65 +/−0.04 ms. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + PMID:27498963 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + https://www.nature.com/articles/srep31215 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000970 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + Brady RD, Grills BL, Church JE, Walsh NC, McDonald AC, Agoston DV, Sun M, O'Brien TJ, Shultz SR, McDonald SJ. Closed head experimental traumatic brain injury increases size and bone volume of callus in mice with concomitant tibial fractureSci Rep. 2016 Sep 29;6:34491. doi: 10.1038\/srep34491. PMC5041102 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + 301 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + Brady RD,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + Apnea, Histology, self-righting reflex + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + Behavioral test,Respiratory Function Test,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + Apnea analysis,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + https://doi.org/10.1038/srep34491 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + C57Bl/6 male mice were obtained from the Australian Animal Resource Centre (ARC, Western Australia) for use in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + C57Bl/6 male mice were obtained from the Australian Animal Resource Centre (ARC, Western Australia) for use in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + Australian Animal Resource Centre (ARC, Western Australia) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + C57Bl/6 male mice were obtained from the Australian Animal Resource Centre (ARC, Western Australia) for use in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + Briefly, the weight-drop device consisted of a guided- and weighted-rod (215 g) with a blunt silicone-covered impact tip (4 mm diameter). A longitudinal incision was made along the midline of the scalp and following tibial fracture the mouse was stabilised on the injury device platform. The weighted rod was released from a height of 2 cm and the impact tip made contact between the sagittal and coronal suture. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + Briefly, the weight-drop device consisted of a guided- and weighted-rod (215 g) with a blunt silicone-covered impact tip (4 mm diameter). A longitudinal incision was made along the midline of the scalp and following tibial fracture the mouse was stabilised on the injury device platform. The weighted rod was released from a height of 2 cm and the impact tip made contact between the sagittal and coronal suture. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + Acute injury severity measures. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + PMID:27682431 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + https://www.nature.com/articles/srep34491 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000971 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Li X, Wang H, Gao Y, Li L, Tang C, Wen G, Yang Y, Zhuang Z, Zhou M, Mao L, Fan Y. Quercetin induces mitochondrial biogenesis in experimental traumatic brain injury via the PGC-1α signaling pathwayAm J Transl Res. 2016 Aug 15;8(8):3558-66. eCollection 2016. PMC5009408 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + 302 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Li X,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + 28-32 g, 6-8 week + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot, spectrophotometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Analytical technique,Immunofluorescence staining,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Western blot,Spectrometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + PMID: 27648146 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Male 6-8 week old ICR mice (Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China) weighting 28-32 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Male 6-8 week old ICR mice (Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China) weighting 28-32 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Male 6-8 week old ICR mice (Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China) weighting 28-32 g were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Briefly, mice were intraperitoneally anesthetized with chloral hydrate and then placed on a platform directly under the weight-drop device. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + a 200 g weight was released onto the skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + After locating the left anterior frontal area as the impact area, a 200 g weight was released onto the skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + The mice of the TBI + Que group were injected intraperitoneally with Que (Sigma Aldrich, Shanghai, China) at 50 mg/kg 30 minutes after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + Marmarou’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + PMID:27648146 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5009408/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000972 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Li Z, Wang Y, Zeng G, Zheng X, Wang W, Ling Y, Tang H, Zhang J. Increased miR-155 and heme oxygenase-1 expression is involved in the protective effects of formononetin in traumatic brain injury in ratsAm J Transl Res. 2017 Dec 15;9(12):5653-5661. eCollection 2017. PMC5752915 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + 303 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Li Z,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + 220-280 g, Young adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Young adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + 220 - 280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Brain water content, Hematoxylin and Eosin, qRT-PCR, Western blot, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Cerebral edema assessment,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + qRT-PCR,Brain water content,Hematoxylin and eosin stain,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + PMID: 29312517 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Young adult male Wistar rats (Grade II, License No. 20160203) weighing 220-280 g were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of Guilin Medical University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Young adult male Wistar rats (Grade II, License No. 20160203) weighing 220-280 g were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of Guilin Medical University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Experimental Animal Center of Guilin Medical University + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Young adult male Wistar rats (Grade II, License No. 20160203) weighing 220-280 g were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of Guilin Medical University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + 40-g steel weight with a flat end was dropped from 30-cm high onto a small pillar (4 mm diameter and 5 mm long) to bump the dura + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + Subsequently, traumatic injury was induced by striking the dura with an impactor; briefly, a 40-g steel weight with a flat end was dropped from 30-cm high onto a small pillar (4 mm diameter and 5 mm long) to bump the dura. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + In this study, the experimental rats were randomized into different groups: 10 control rats in the sham group (subjected to identical surgical procedures but without the impact), 10 TBI rats in the TBI group, and 20 TBI rats in the formononetin-treated groups (intraperitoneal injection with formononetin 10 mg·kg-1·d-1 or 30 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 5 days before TBI, with 10 rats in each treatment group). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + 220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + PMID:29312517 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5752915/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000973 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Xing P, Ma K, Li L, Wang D, Hu G, Long W. The protection effect and mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in rat brain with traumatic injuryActa Cir Bras. 2018 Apr;33(4):341-353. doi: 10.1590\/s0102-865020180040000006. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Marmarou weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + 305 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Xing P,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + 330 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + 300±30g, 8-week age, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + 270 - 330 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Hematoxylin and Eosin, qPCR, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Immunoassay,Molecular assay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + qPCR,Western blot,Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-865020180040000006 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Adult male SPF Sprague-Dawley rats, 8-week age, weighted 300±30g, were purchased from Shanghai Slac laboratory animal CO. Ltd. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Adult male SPF Sprague-Dawley rats, 8-week age, weighted 300±30g, were purchased from Shanghai Slac laboratory animal CO. Ltd. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Shanghai Slac laboratory animal CO. Ltd + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Adult male SPF Sprague-Dawley rats, 8-week age, weighted 300±30g, were purchased from Shanghai Slac laboratory animal CO. Ltd. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + To induce close head brain diffused traumatic injury, Marmarou weight drop device was adopted with modification2929 Cernak I, Vink R, Zapple DN, Cruz MI, Ahmed F, Chang T, Fricke ST, Faden AI. The pathobiology of moderate diffuse traumatic brain injury as identified using a new experimental model of injury in rats. Neurobiol Dis. 2004;17(1):29-43. PMID: 15350963.30 Marmarou A, Foda MA, van den Brink W, Campbell J, Kita H, Demetriadou K. A new model of diffuse brain injury in rats. Part I: Pathophysiology and biomechanics. J Neurosurg. 1994;80(2):291-300. PMID: 8283269.-3131 Flierl MA, Stahel PF, Beauchamp KM, Morgan SJ, Smith WR, Shohami E. Mouse closed head injury model induced by a weight-drop device. Nat Protoc. 2009;4(9):1328-37. PMID: 19713954.. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + First, a metal helmet that match rat skull curve was casted and used to cover the rat head during weight drop, which evenly distribute the vertical force to the whole brain. Second, the weight and falling height of the impactor were careful adjusted to achieve close head moderate DTI. The parameters were strictly fixed to avoided biases among animals. Third, the impactor was connected to a conduction rope, which was manually strained immediately after the impactor contacted the metal helmet to avoid second strike. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + First, a metal helmet that match rat skull curve was casted and used to cover the rat head during weight drop, which evenly distribute the vertical force to the whole brain. Second, the weight and falling height of the impactor were careful adjusted to achieve close head moderate DTI. The parameters were strictly fixed to avoided biases among animals. Third, the impactor was connected to a conduction rope, which was manually strained immediately after the impactor contacted the metal helmet to avoid second strike. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Multiple HBOT was conducted in 12 hour interval for the following 3 days and a total of six treatments were administered. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + Modified Marmarou's Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + 270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + PMID:29768537 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + https://www.scielo.br/j/acb/a/HjTbd5M57J6XFV8jVkcBbTb/?lang=en + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000974 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Li H, Sun J, Wang F, Ding G, Chen W, Fang R, Yao Y, Pang M, Lu ZQ, Liu J. Sodium butyrate exerts neuroprotective effects by restoring the blood-brain barrier in traumatic brain injury miceBrain Res. 2016 Jul 1;1642:70-78. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.03.031. Epub 2016 Mar 24. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + 308 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Li H,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + 22 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + 18–22 g, 6 weeks old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + 18 - 22 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Evans blue dye, Fluoro-jade C staining (FJC), Histology, Immunofluorescence, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Western blot, Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Immunofluorescence staining,Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC),Brain water content,Histology,Western blot,Evans blue dye + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2016.03.031 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Male C57BL/6 mice (18–22 g, 6 weeks old) were purchased from the Experiment Animal Centre of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Male C57BL/6 mice (18–22 g, 6 weeks old) were purchased from the Experiment Animal Centre of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Experiment Animal Centre of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Male C57BL/6 mice (18–22 g, 6 weeks old) were purchased from the Experiment Animal Centre of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + A 20 g weight was dropped from a height of 20 cm onto the target area + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + A 20 g weight was dropped from a height of 20 cm onto the target area. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Mice were randomly divided into the following three groups (n=20 each group): (1) sham group (sham-operated control); (2) TBI model group (vehicle-treated TBI); (3) SB group (SB-treated TBI). SB at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight (sodium butyrate, sigma Co. Ltd., USA with a purity ≥99%) was administered intraperitoneally at 0.5 h after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Modified Weight-drop impact model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + Neurological severity score (NSS) for mice. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + 18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + PMID:27017959 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899316301317 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000975 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Ji X, Peng D, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Gao Y, Lu N, Tang P. Astaxanthin improves cognitive performance in mice following mild traumatic brain injuryBrain Res. 2017 Mar 15;1659:88-95. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.12.031. Epub 2016 Dec 31. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + 309 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Ji X,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + 28–32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Cavalieri’s method, Hematoxylin and Eosin, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), ORT, Rotarod test, Western blot, Y Maze + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Histology,Morphology,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Object recognition test,Rotarod test,Y Maze test,Hematoxylin and eosin stain,Western blot,Lesion Volume + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2016.12.031 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Male ICR mice (weight: 28–32 g) (the Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing) were bred and raised in our vivarium and were housed 10 mice per cage under a constant 12 h light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Male ICR mice (weight: 28–32 g) (the Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing) were bred and raised in our vivarium and were housed 10 mice per cage under a constant 12 h light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Male ICR mice (weight: 28–32 g) (the Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing) were bred and raised in our vivarium and were housed 10 mice per cage under a constant 12 h light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + weight was 200 g, and the height of the weight-drop was 2.5 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + Based on the previously published protocol (Kuzelova et al., 2014), the weight was 200 g, and the height of the weight-drop was 2.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + The olive oil vehicle or AST (at 25 or 75 mg/kg) were administered via oral gavage beginning 30 min post trauma and involved six additional daily oral gavages. The administration was based on the effective doses reported in rodent models of cerebral ischemia and subarachnoid hemorrhage., AST (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA, 97% pure) was diluted in olive oil (1 mL/kg) prior to use. AST or an equal volume of olive oil was administered 30 min after the surgery via oral gavage. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + PMID:28048972 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899316308605 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000976 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + de Oliveira PA, Ben J, Matheus FC, Schwarzbold ML, Moreira ELG, Rial D, Walz R, Prediger RD. Moderate traumatic brain injury increases the vulnerability to neurotoxicity induced by systemic administration of 6-hydroxydopamine in miceBrain Res. 2017 May 15;1663:78-86. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainres.2017.03.002. Epub 2017 Mar 11. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + free weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 310 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + de Oliveira PA,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 45 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 3-month-old, 35–45 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 35 - 45 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Evans blue staining, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), open field test, R(−)-apomorphine challenge, Rotarod test, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Open field test,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Rotarod test,Western blot,Evans blue dye + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2017.03.002 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Experiments were carried out on 3-month-old male Swiss albino mice provided by the animal facility of the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil), weighing 35–45 g at the time of testing. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Experiments were carried out on 3-month-old male Swiss albino mice provided by the animal facility of the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil), weighing 35–45 g at the time of testing. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Swiss Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Swiss + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Experiments were carried out on 3-month-old male Swiss albino mice provided by the animal facility of the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil), weighing 35–45 g at the time of testing. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + A free weight-drop device, developed and previously standardized in our laboratory, was used to induce experimental TBI (Schwarzbold et al., 2010). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + The mass of the weight used was 12.5 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + The mass of the weight used was 12.5 g, which was previously validated as a moderate trauma (Schwarzbold et al., 2010). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered 5 h after TBI at a dose of 100 mg/kg (Clark et al., 1972, Ungerstedt, 1968). Of note, a higher dose (150 mg/kg) was reported to dysregulate the sympathetic nervous system (Clark et al., 1972). Mice were injected with desipramine (25 mg/kg, i.p.), a non-selective inhibitor of norepinephrine and serotonin transporters, 30 min before 6-OHDA administration, in order to inhibit the uptake of 6-OHDA by noradrenergic neurons. The non-selective dopamine receptor agonist R(−)-apomorphine (0.6 mg/kg, s.c.) was used to test the asymmetric rotation of mice. l-DOPA (25 mg/kg, i.p.) plus benserazide (12.5 mg/kg, i.p.), a peripheral DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor, were administered 30 min before behavior analysis (Aguiar et al., 2013). For R(−)-apomorphine and 6-OHDA solutions, sodium metabisulphite 0.1% in oxygen-free solution was used as a vehicle to prevent oxidation (Day et al., 2002). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered 5 h after TBI at a dose of 100 mg/kg (Clark et al., 1972, Ungerstedt, 1968). Of note, a higher dose (150 mg/kg) was reported to dysregulate the sympathetic nervous system (Clark et al., 1972). Mice were injected with desipramine (25 mg/kg, i.p.), a non-selective inhibitor of norepinephrine and serotonin transporters, 30 min before 6-OHDA administration, in order to inhibit the uptake of 6-OHDA by noradrenergic neurons. The non-selective dopamine receptor agonist R(−)-apomorphine (0.6 mg/kg, s.c.) was used to test the asymmetric rotation of mice. l-DOPA (25 mg/kg, i.p.) plus benserazide (12.5 mg/kg, i.p.), a peripheral DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor, were administered 30 min before behavior analysis (Aguiar et al., 2013). For R(−)-apomorphine and 6-OHDA solutions, sodium metabisulphite 0.1% in oxygen-free solution was used as a vehicle to prevent oxidation (Day et al., 2002). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered 5 h after TBI at a dose of 100 mg/kg (Clark et al., 1972, Ungerstedt, 1968). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + 35 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + PMID:28288867 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899317301105 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000977 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + Chen C, Lu L, Zhu J, Gu X, Liu B, Li D, Chen G. Miro1 provides neuroprotection via the mitochondrial trafficking pathway in a rat model of traumatic brain injuryBrain Res. 2021 Dec 15;1773:147685. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainres.2021.147685. Epub 2021 Oct 9. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + 311 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + Chen C,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + 320 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + 280–320 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + 280 - 320 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + ATP Assay, Behavioral Testing, Activity score, Brain water content, Fluoro-jade C staining (FJC), Immunofluorescence, Neurological score, RT-PCR, TUNEL staining, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + Immunoassay,Analyte assay,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Neurological assessment,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + RT-PCR,ATP bioluminescence assay,Immunofluorescence staining,Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC),Brain water content,Behavioral testing,Western blot,Activity score,TUNEL staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147685 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + A total of 115 adult male Sprague Dawley rats (280–320 g) (Of these 25 rats were used for supplementary experiments) were purchased from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + A total of 115 adult male Sprague Dawley rats (280–320 g) (Of these 25 rats were used for supplementary experiments) were purchased from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + A total of 115 adult male Sprague Dawley rats (280–320 g) (Of these 25 rats were used for supplementary experiments) were purchased from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + copper weight (4 mm in diameter, 5 mm in height) was placed on the cranial dura, and trauma was caused by dropping a 40-g steel weight with a flat end from a height of 25 cm onto the copper weight + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + A copper weight (4 mm in diameter, 5 mm in height) was placed on the cranial dura, and trauma was caused by dropping a 40-g steel weight with a flat end from a height of 25 cm onto the copper weight. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + The rat brain was transfected with siRNA in vivo according to the manufacturer’s instructions for EntransterTM-in vivo (Engreen, 18668–11-1, Engreen Biosystem Co., Ltd., Beijing, China). Briefly, 600 pmol (6 μL) of si-Miro1 (Guangzhou Ribo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China) and si-Ctrl were respectively dissolved in 12 μL of transfection reagent and administered by ICV injection as previously described(Li et al., 2018a). At 24 h before TBI modeling, rats were placed in a stereotactic frame after isoflurane inhalation anesthesia (5% induction, 1%-2% maintenance). Then, 18 µL mixture was infused into the right lateral ventricle at a speed of 1.0 µL/min using a 50-µL Hamilton syringe, through a 0.8-mm-diameter burr hole, which was located exactly 1.5 mm posterior, 1.0 mm lateral to the bregma, and 4.0 mm beneath the skull. The needle was kept in place for an additional 5 min and then slowly extracted over 5 min. Finally, the burr hole was sealed with bone wax, and the rats were allowed to recover.The target sequence of Miro1 siRNA was: GCAGGCTGCCTTTGATATT. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + Behavior and Activity Scores. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + PMID:34637761 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899321005424 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000978 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + He J, Evans CO, Hoffman SW, Oyesiku NM, Stein DG. Progesterone and allopregnanolone reduce inflammatory cytokines after traumatic brain injuryExp Neurol. 2004 Oct;189(2):404-12. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2004.06.008. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + pneumatic piston impactor device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + 312 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + He J,et al.,2004 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + 90 days, 300–350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + 90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + 90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + 300 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + Immunoassay,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + qRT-PCR,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.06.008 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + Progesterone and allopregnanolone reduce inflammatory cytokines after traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + The contusion was created with a pneumatic piston impactor device attached to a stereotaxic carrier. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + The height of the tip was then lowered 4 mm so that the piston compressed the cortex to a depth of 2 mm. The impact was then made with a velocity of 2.25 m/s, and the tip remained in contact with the brain for about 0.5, device consists of a small (9/16 in), dual stroke air cylinder containing a 3-mm diameter piston. A circular (5-mm) stainless steel tip was attached to the bottom of the piston and activated with compressed air + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + The height of the tip was then lowered 4 mm so that the piston compressed the cortex to a depth of 2 mm. The impact was then made with a velocity of 2.25 m/s, and the tip remained in contact with the brain for about 0.5 s., The device consists of a small (9/16 in), dual stroke air cylinder containing a 3-mm diameter piston. A circular (5-mm) stainless steel tip was attached to the bottom of the piston and activated with compressed air (Hoffman et al., 1994). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + Prefrontal cortical contusion + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + PMID:15380490 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014488604002390 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000979 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000098 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000098 + 2022-10-11T05:32:12.433711Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000098 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0008010 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000098 + No treatment control group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000098 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0008010 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000098 + A control for experimental treatment in which neither the perturbagen nor its vehicle is added. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + Monaco CM, Mattiola VV, Folweiler KA, Tay JK, Yelleswarapu NK, Curatolo LM, Matter AM, Cheng JP, Kline AE. Environmental enrichment promotes robust functional and histological benefits in female rats after controlled cortical impact injuryExp Neurol. 2013 Sep;247:410-8. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2013.01.007. Epub 2013 Jan 16. PMC3644389 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + 313 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + Monaco CM,et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + 270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + 250–270 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + 250 - 270 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + hindlimb reflexive ability, single probe trial, Cortical lesion volume, Morris Mater Maze (MWM), Beam balance test, Beam walk test, righting reflex, Rotarod test, Cresyl violet staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + Histology,Morphology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + Cortical contusion volume,Beam walk test,Beam balance test,Rotarod test,Cresyl violet staining,Morris water maze (MWM),Righting reflex + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.01.007 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + Environmental enrichment promotes robust functional and histological benefits in female rats after controlled cortical impact injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + rod was retracted and the impact tip was advanced 2.8 mm farther to produce a brain injury of moderate severity (2.8 mm tissue deformation at 4 m/s) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + Subsequently, the impacting rod was extended and the impact tip (6 mm, flat) was centered and lowered through the craniectomy until it touched the dura mater, then the rod was retracted and the impact tip was advanced 2.8 mm farther to produce a brain injury of moderate severity (2.8 mm tissue deformation at 4 m/s). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + After the acute effects of surgical anesthesia abated, which was verified by the return of spontaneous movement in the holding cage, the rats were returned to the colony where those designated for enrichment were immediately placed in specifically designed 36 × 30 × 20 inch stainless steel-wire cages consisting of three levels and ladders to ambulate from one level to another such that interaction with the various toys (e.g., balls, blocks, and tubes), nesting materials (e.g., paper towels), cage mates, and ad libitum food and water would be achievable (for depiction of EE cage, see Kline et al., 2007, Sozda et al., 2010). To maintain novelty, the objects were rearranged every day and changed each time the cage was cleaned, which was twice per week. Twelve rats, which included eight TBIs and four shams, were housed together to minimize variability. Rats in the STD conditions were placed in standard steel-wire mesh cages (2 rats per cage) with only food and water available. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + PMID:23333563 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014488613000204 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000980 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Singh K, Trivedi R, Devi MM, Tripathi RP, Khushu S. Longitudinal changes in the DTI measures, anti-GFAP expression and levels of serum inflammatory cytokines following mild traumatic brain injuryExp Neurol. 2016 Jan;275 Pt 3:427-435. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.07.016. Epub 2015 Jul 26. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Marmarou's weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + 314 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Singh K,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + 200–250 g, 8–10 weeks, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + 200 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + DTI data processing, Histology, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Microscope analysis, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Microscopy,Imaging,Immunoassay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Diffusion tensor images (DTI),Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),Histology,Microscopy + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.07.016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Forty-five adult, male Sprague–Dawley rats (8–10 weeks, 200–250 g), housed (23 °C ± 1 °C, 50% ± 5% humidity, and 12 h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water were used during the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Forty-five adult, male Sprague–Dawley rats (8–10 weeks, 200–250 g), housed (23 °C ± 1 °C, 50% ± 5% humidity, and 12 h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water were used during the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Forty-five adult, male Sprague–Dawley rats (8–10 weeks, 200–250 g), housed (23 °C ± 1 °C, 50% ± 5% humidity, and 12 h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water were used during the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + Closed head mild injury was induced using modified A. Marmarou's weight drop trauma device (Marmarou et al., 1994). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + trauma device consisted of a brass rod of 450 g falling freely by gravity, through an acrylic tube. The brass rod was threaded so that it could be dropped freely from a designated height through a 1-m vertical section of a transparent acrylic tube held in place with an iron stand + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + The trauma device consisted of a brass rod of 450 g falling freely by gravity, through an acrylic tube. The brass rod was threaded so that it could be dropped freely from a designated height through a 1-m vertical section of a transparent acrylic tube held in place with an iron stand. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + PMID:26216663 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014488615300492 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000981 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + Lopez-Rodriguez AB, Mela V, Acaz-Fonseca E, Garcia-Segura LM, Viveros MP. CB2 cannabinoid receptor is involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of leptin in a model of traumatic brain injuryExp Neurol. 2016 May;279:274-282. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2016.03.018. Epub 2016 Mar 19. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + 315 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + Lopez-Rodriguez AB,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + 35–36 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + 35 - 36 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + 35 - 36 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Neurological deficit assessment, qRT-PCR, neurological test, RT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + Neurological evaluation,Neurological assessment,Immunoassay,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + qRT-PCR,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),RT-PCR,Neurological test,Neurologic Deficit Scoring + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.03.018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + All the experiments were performed in adolescent (post-natal day (pnd) 35–36) Swiss (CD1) male mice (Harlan, Spain). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + All the experiments were performed in adolescent (post-natal day (pnd) 35–36) Swiss (CD1) male mice (Harlan, Spain). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + Swiss Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + Swiss + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + Harlan, Spain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + CD1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + All the experiments were performed in adolescent (post-natal day (pnd) 35–36) Swiss (CD1) male mice (Harlan, Spain). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + All the experiments were performed in adolescent (post-natal day (pnd) 35–36) Swiss (CD1) male mice (Harlan, Spain). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + Closed-head trauma was induced by a 50 g weight dropped from a 36 cm height along a stainless steel rod, on the right frontal side of the head + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + Closed-head trauma was induced by a 50 g weight dropped from a 36 cm height along a stainless steel rod, on the right frontal side of the head. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + CB2 antagonist AM630 (1 mg kg− 1; Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, United Kingdom), or its vehicle (ethanol:cremophor:saline [1:1:18], Cremophor® EL Fluka, Sigma-Aldrich, Madrid, Spain) was intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered 45 min before TBI. The antagonist dose and timing used in this experiment has been previously described as being able to reduce estradiol and minocycline neuroprotective effects (López Rodríguez et al., 2011). Recombinant mouse leptin (2 mg kg− 1; AbD Serotec, Bio-Rad, Oxford, United Kingdom) or its vehicle (0.9% saline) was administered i.p. immediately after lesion. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + Parameters analyzed and score marks in the neurological test. Circle exit task and physiologic parameters. Based on Lopez-Rodriguez et al. (2015a) and Siopi et al. (2012)., Primer sequences for the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis., Summary of the treatments and the experimental groups. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + PMID:27006282 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000982 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014488616300619 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + Chandrasekar A, Aksan B, Heuvel FO, Förstner P, Sinske D, Rehman R, Palmer A, Ludolph A, Huber-Lang M, Böckers T, Mauceri D, Knöll B, Roselli F. Neuroprotective effect of acute ethanol intoxication in TBI is associated to the hierarchical modulation of early transcriptional responsesExp Neurol. 2018 Apr;302:34-45. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2017.12.017. Epub 2018 Jan 4. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + 316 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + Chandrasekar A,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + 80–90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + 80 - 90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + 80 - 90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + Beam walk test, Blood ethanol level, Confocal imaging, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), open field test, qRT-PCR, Western blot, histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + Imaging,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score,Blood measurement,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + Open field test,Beam walk test,Confocal imaging,qRT-PCR,Histology,Blood ethanol assay,Western blot,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.12.017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + B6-SJL male mice aged 80–90 days were subject to closed weight-drop TBI (Flierl et al., 2009) after being administered by oral gavage either 5 g/kg or 1 g/kg of EtOH solution in 400 μl (32% v/v or 6.4% v/v, respectively, in saline) or saline 30 min before or, in separate experiments, 20 min after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + B6-SJL male mice aged 80–90 days were subject to closed weight-drop TBI (Flierl et al., 2009) after being administered by oral gavage either 5 g/kg or 1 g/kg of EtOH solution in 400 μl (32% v/v or 6.4% v/v, respectively, in saline) or saline 30 min before or, in separate experiments, 20 min after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + C57BL/6-SJL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + B6-SJL male mice aged 80–90 days were subject to closed weight-drop TBI (Flierl et al., 2009) after being administered by oral gavage either 5 g/kg or 1 g/kg of EtOH solution in 400 μl (32% v/v or 6.4% v/v, respectively, in saline) or saline 30 min before or, in separate experiments, 20 min after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + The impact was directed to the center of the right parietal bone, with TBI produced by a 333 g impactor free-falling from a 2 cm or a 3 cm distance + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + The impact was directed to the center of the right parietal bone, with TBI produced by a 333 g impactor free-falling from a 2 cm or a 3 cm distance. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + B6-SJL male mice aged 80–90 days were subject to closed weight-drop TBI (Flierl et al., 2009) after being administered by oral gavage either 5 g/kg or 1 g/kg of EtOH solution in 400 μl (32% v/v or 6.4% v/v, respectively, in saline) or saline 30 min before or, in separate experiments, 20 min after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + Closed Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + PMID:29306704 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000983 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014488617303527 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + Ni H, Rui Q, Xu Y, Zhu J, Gao F, Dang B, Li D, Gao R, Chen G. RACK1 upregulation induces neuroprotection by activating the IRE1-XBP1 signaling pathway following traumatic brain injury in ratsExp Neurol. 2018 Jun;304:102-113. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2018.03.003. Epub 2018 Mar 6. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + 317 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + Ni H,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + 330 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + 280–330 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + 280 - 330 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + Brain water content, Fluoro-Jade B staining (FJB), Garcia test score system, Immunofluorescence staining, RT-PCR, TUNEL staining, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + Garcia test,Fluoro-Jade B staining (FJB),Immunofluorescence staining,Brain water content,RT-PCR,Western blot,TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.03.003 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + In total, 198 adult male Sprague Dawley rats (280–330 g) were obtained from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + In total, 198 adult male Sprague Dawley rats (280–330 g) were obtained from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + In total, 198 adult male Sprague Dawley rats (280–330 g) were obtained from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + induced by dropping a 40-g steel weight with a flat end from a height of 25 cm onto a pillar (4 mm in diameter) resting on the dura + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + A focal cortical contusion injury was induced by dropping a 40-g steel weight with a flat end from a height of 25 cm onto a pillar (4 mm in diameter) resting on the dura. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + All drugs were administered via an ICV injection as previously described (Shen et al., 2015; Wu et al., 2017). Briefly, anesthetized rats were placed in a stereotactic frame, and then a 0.8-mm-diameter burr hole was drilled into the skull 1.0 mm lateral to and 1.5 mm posterior to the bregma over the left hemisphere. The needle of 100-μL Hamilton syringe was slowly inserted through the burr hole into the left lateral ventricle 4.0 mm below the dural surface. Twenty-four hours prior to TBI induction, 500 pmol/10 μL of RACK1 siRNA, scrambled siRNA, RACK1 plasmid or empty vector were infused at a speed of 0.5 μL/min. Twenty microliters of DBSA (50 or 100 μmol/L) (Feng et al., 2017) or vehicle (DMSO in saline) were injected at the same rate 1 h post-TBI induction. The cannula remained in place for an additional 5 min and was then withdrawn slowly over 5 min. Finally, the incision was closed with sutures, and the rats were allowed to recover. The IRE1 inhibitor DBSA was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then diluted with 0.9% saline to a final concentration of < 2% DMSO. The specific pDNA and siRNA for RACK1 were obtained from Ribo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, China). The full-length RACK1 cDNA was cloned into pcDNA3.1(+) using the cytomegalovirus promoter., RACK1 small-interfering RNA (si-RACK1) or RACK1 overexpression (Over-RACK1) was administered by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection at 24 h before TBI modeling. Two doses of the IRE1 inhibitor 3,5-dibromosalicylaldehyde (DBSA, 50 or 100 μmol/L, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) were also administered by ICV injection 1 h after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + PMID:29518365 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014488618300657 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000984 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Chakraborty N, Hammamieh R, Gautam A, Miller SA, Condlin ML, Jett M, Scrimgeour AG. TBI weight-drop model with variable impact heights differentially perturbs hippocampus-cerebellum specific transcriptomic profileExp Neurol. 2021 Jan;335:113516. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2020.113516. Epub 2020 Oct 22. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Marmarou's weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 318 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Chakraborty N,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 6 weeks, Young adult, > 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Young adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 6 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + RT-PCR, elevated plus maze, Barnes Maze test, Microarray, Rotarod test, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), rotating pole + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Immunoassay,Molecular assay,Transcription assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Microarray,Rotarod test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Elevated plus maze test,RT-PCR,Barnes maze test,Rotating pole test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113516 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Young adult 6-week-old male Wistar Han rats (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were individually housed in temperature-controlled rooms with a 12-hour light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Young adult 6-week-old male Wistar Han rats (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were individually housed in temperature-controlled rooms with a 12-hour light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Wistar Han + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + Young adult 6-week-old male Wistar Han rats (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were individually housed in temperature-controlled rooms with a 12-hour light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + A metal slug (500 g) was raised and allowed to fall freely through the PVC tube from predetermined heights (100 cm and 120 cm) impacting on the helmet., Using a 48 in. spirit level (Stanley Tools, Towson, MD), the fixed 90-degree angle of the Maramarou apparatus was confirmed daily. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 500 g metal slug was dropped from 100 cm, metal slug (500 g) was raised and allowed to fall freely through the PVC tube from predetermined heights (100 cm and 120 cm) impacting on the helmet + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + In our experiments, a 500 g metal slug was dropped from 100 cm (defined as IH100) and 120 cm (defined as IH120), respectively. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + PMID:33172833 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014488620303472 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000985 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + Lopez-Caperuchipi S, Kürzinger L, Hopp-Krämer S, Albert-Weißenberger C, Paul MM, Sirén AL, Stetter C. Posttraumatic learning deficits correlate with initial trauma severity and chronic cellular reactions after closed head injury in male miceExp Neurol. 2021 Jul;341:113721. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113721. Epub 2021 Apr 11. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + 319 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + Lopez-Caperuchipi S,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + 12 weeks, 4 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + 4 weeks, 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + 4 weeks, 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + Elevated plus maze, Histology, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), open field test, Paw preference test, handedness, Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + Histology,Immunofluorescence staining,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + Open field test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Histology,Paw preference test,Elevated plus maze test,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113721 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + A total of 39 male C57BL6/6 N mice were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + A total of 39 male C57BL6/6 N mice were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + C57BL/6N + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + A total of 39 male C57BL6/6 N mice were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + TBI was induced by a falling weight (95 g) with a silicone-covered blunt tip onto the skull from 6 cm height with a final impact of 0.01 J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + After identification of the impact area over the right frontoparietal cortex, TBI was induced by a falling weight (95 g) with a silicone-covered blunt tip onto the skull from 6 cm height with a final impact of 0.01 J. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + Anatomical level and number of brain sections and the size of microscopic fields used for cell counting. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + PMID:33852877 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014488621001278 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000986 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + Browne CA, Wulf HA, Jacobson ML, Oyola MG, Wu TJ, Lucki I. Long-term increase in sensitivity to ketamine's behavioral effects in mice exposed to mild blast induced traumatic brain injuryExp Neurol. 2022 Apr;350:113963. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113963. Epub 2021 Dec 28. PMC8858880 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + 320 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + Browne CA,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + Sucrose Preference Test, forced swim test, step down inhibitory avoidance, sucrose preference test, Forced Swim Test, Gait analysis, Passive avoidance, Prepulse Inhibition, righting reflex suppression + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + Forced swim test,Sucrose preference test,Step down inhibitory avoidance task,Gait analysis,Passive avoidance test,Righting reflex + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113963 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + Long-term increase in sensitivity to ketamine's behavioral effects in mice exposed to mild blast induced traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + Advanced Blast Stimulator + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + short duration shock wave (< 10 msec, mean peak pressure 19.9 psi) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + R, S-ketamine hydrochloride (Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Henry Schein, NY, USA) was dissolved in sterile 0.9% saline (Quality Biological, MD, USA). Doses were derived from pilot data (not published) on assays that determined the appropriate impairing (measured within 15 min of injection), or beneficial effect (assayed 24 h post administration) at the lowest dose possible. Mice were administered either ketamine or saline via intraperitoneal injection at an injection volume of 10 ml/kg., The doses of ketamine used in these assays were the threshold dose that induced impairment in healthy uninjured animals, i.e., gait 10 mg/kg, prepulse inhibition 20 mg/kg, and step down avoidance 30 mg/kg administered i.p. The human dose equivalent is approximately 0.6, 1.6 and 2.4 mg/kg. Subjects receiving ketamine for the indication of major depressive disorder are typically administered 0.5–1 mg/kg intravenously over a 40 min period (Fava et al., 2020; Iqbal and Mathew, 2020)., To determine whether the longevity of increased sensitivity to the impairing effects of ketamine was retained in animals, mice were again administered ketamine on day 35 and day 42 at the doses outlined above and screened on gait and prepulse inhibition respectively. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + PMID:34968423 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113963 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000987 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + Tapp ZM, Cornelius S, Oberster A, Kumar JE, Atluri R, Witcher KG, Oliver B, Bray C, Velasquez J, Zhao F, Peng J, Sheridan J, Askwith C, Godbout JP, Kokiko-Cochran ON. Sleep fragmentation engages stress-responsive circuitry, enhances inflammation and compromises hippocampal function following traumatic brain injuryExp Neurol. 2022 Jul;353:114058. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2022.114058. Epub 2022 Mar 28. PMC9068267 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + Fluid percussion injury device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + 321 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + Tapp ZM,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + 8-10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + Agilent 2200 TapeStation assay, DEX, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), LTP assessment, NanoString nCounter analysis, open field test, Paired-pulse ratio, Trace fear conditioning, Y-maze task, electrophysiological assessment + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + Immunofluorescence staining,Electric potential,Molecular assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Open field test,Y Maze test,TapeStation assay,Trace fear conditioning,Electrophysiological assessment + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114058 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + Sleep fragmentation engages stress-responsive circuitry, enhances inflammation and compromises hippocampal function following traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + Equal numbers of 8 to 10-week-old male and female C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + Equal numbers of 8 to 10-week-old male and female C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + After 24 h, mice were anesthetized with 4% isoflurane for 4 min and connected to the FPI device (Custom Design & Fabrication, Richmond, VA) using the modified Leur-Loc syringe. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + SF was performed using Sleep Fragmentation Chambers (Lafeyette Instruments Inc) as the home cage to disrupt normal sleep/wake transitions (Yonglin et al., 2017). SF occurred through mechanical disruption by a sweeper bar that moved across the bottom of the cage at every 2 min. Mouse sleep is polyphasic, resulting in multiple bouts of sleep lasting 2–4 min throughout their sleep cycle (Toth and Bhargava, 2013). Therefore, the bar sweep every 2 min creates an opportunity for mice to obtain some sleep and resulted in a mild, transient sleep disruption. SF occurred daily from 7 AM–11 AM. This period was chosen to approximate the onset of the sleep cycle when sleep need is high and mirrors the same sleep disruption period established in previous work (Tapp et al., 2020). Mice had ad libitum access to food and water throughout the SF procedures. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + SF was performed using Sleep Fragmentation Chambers (Lafeyette Instruments Inc) as the home cage to disrupt normal sleep/wake transitions (Yonglin et al., 2017). SF occurred through mechanical disruption by a sweeper bar that moved across the bottom of the cage at every 2 min. Mouse sleep is polyphasic, resulting in multiple bouts of sleep lasting 2–4 min throughout their sleep cycle (Toth and Bhargava, 2013). Therefore, the bar sweep every 2 min creates an opportunity for mice to obtain some sleep and resulted in a mild, transient sleep disruption. SF occurred daily from 7 AM–11 AM. This period was chosen to approximate the onset of the sleep cycle when sleep need is high and mirrors the same sleep disruption period established in previous work (Tapp et al., 2020). Mice had ad libitum access to food and water throughout the SF procedures. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + ns1:BIKO_000029 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + PMID:35358498 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014488622000838 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000988 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Boudreau RM, Johnson M, Veile R, Friend LA, Goetzman H, Pritts TA, Caldwell CC, Makley AT, Goodman MD. Impact of tranexamic acid on coagulation and inflammation in murine models of traumatic brain injury and hemorrhageJ Surg Res. 2017 Jul;215:47-54. doi: 10.1016\/j.jss.2017.03.031. Epub 2017 Apr 1. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + 323 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Boudreau RM,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + 8-10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + 8 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Rotational thromboelastometry, Splenic cytology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2017.03.031 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Male C5/BL6 mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME) aged 8-10 wk were kept in standard environmental conditions, including day/night cycling, ad libitum access to water, and standard pellet diet. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Male C5/BL6 mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME) aged 8-10 wk were kept in standard environmental conditions, including day/night cycling, ad libitum access to water, and standard pellet diet. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Male C5/BL6 mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME) aged 8-10 wk were kept in standard environmental conditions, including day/night cycling, ad libitum access to water, and standard pellet diet. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + positioned directly beneath a 400 g weight. The weight was released from 1.5 cm height to inflict a moderately severe closed head injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Briefly, mice were placed prone on a platform such that the approximate area of the sagittal suture was positioned directly beneath a 400 g weight. The weight was released from 1.5 cm height to inflict a moderately severe closed head injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Mice were administered a 10 mg/kg dose14 of intraperitoneal TXA or an equivalent volume of intraperitoneal normal saline 10 min after injury (TBI mice) or 5 min into resuscitation (TBI/H). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + bled to a systolic blood pressure of 25 mmHg for 1 h and then targeted resuscitation to 80 mmHg with no more than 0.4 mL shed blood + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + Mice were bled to a systolic blood pressure of 25 mmHg for 1 h and then targeted resuscitation to 80 mmHg with no more than 0.4 mL shed blood; if further resuscitation was required, Lactated Ringer's solution was administered as needed over a 15-min resuscitation period. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + PMID:28688660 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022480417301579 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000989 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_000099 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000099 + 2022-10-11T05:33:02.022053Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000099 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000036 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000099 + Vehicle control group + + + + ns1:BIKO_000099 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000036 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000099 + A control for experimental treatment in which only the vehicle used to dissolve the treatment chemical is delivered at the same concentration and by the same route as in the experimental treatment. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + Yuan J, Wang D, Liu Y, Chen X, Zhang H, Shen F, Liu X, Fu J. Hydrogen-rich water attenuates oxidative stress in rats with traumatic brain injury via Nrf2 pathwayJ Surg Res. 2018 Aug;228:238-246. doi: 10.1016\/j.jss.2018.03.024. Epub 2018 Apr 11. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + 324 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + Yuan J,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + 250-300 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + 250 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + GPx, CAT, MDA level, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), RT-PCR, Western blot, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + Biochemical assay,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS),Glutathione levels,Brain catalase activity,RT-PCR,Western blot,Malondialdehyde (MDA) assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2018.03.024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + All Sprague-Dawley rats, adult males weighing 250-300 g (Animal Certificate No: SCXK (Army) 2012-0011), were purchased from the Third Military Medical University (Chongqing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + All Sprague-Dawley rats, adult males weighing 250-300 g (Animal Certificate No: SCXK (Army) 2012-0011), were purchased from the Third Military Medical University (Chongqing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + Third Military Medical University (Chongqing, China) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + All Sprague-Dawley rats, adult males weighing 250-300 g (Animal Certificate No: SCXK (Army) 2012-0011), were purchased from the Third Military Medical University (Chongqing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + struck with a force of 40 g × 40 cm (a 40-g weight was dropped from a height of 40 cm) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + Specifically, each rat was struck with a force of 40 g × 40 cm (a 40-g weight was dropped from a height of 40 cm), resulting in a brain contusion involving the right parietal lobe + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + The rats in the TBI + HW group were all i.p. injected with 5-mL/kg hydrogen-rich water (Hydrovita Biotechnology Co, Beijing, China) at 5 min after TBI, whereas the rats in the sham and TBI groups were all i.p. administered with 5-mL/kg normal saline, which was used as a control treatment. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + Feeney's Weight-drop method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + PMID:29907217 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022480418301896 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000990 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + Wang H, Chen J, Gao C, Chen W, Chen G, Zhang M, Luo C, Wang T, Chen X, Tao L. TMT-based proteomics analysis to screen potential biomarkers of acute-phase TBI in ratsLife Sci. 2021 Jan 1;264:118631. doi: 10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118631. Epub 2020 Oct 22. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + 325 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + Wang H,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + 250 to 300 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + 250 - 300g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), LC-MS/MS analysis, RT-PCR, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Western blot,RT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118631 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + In this study, adult male SD rats (purchased from SLAC Company, Shanghai, China) weighting 250 to 300 g were used for our experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + In this study, adult male SD rats (purchased from SLAC Company, Shanghai, China) weighting 250 to 300 g were used for our experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + SLAC Company, Shanghai, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + In this study, adult male SD rats (purchased from SLAC Company, Shanghai, China) weighting 250 to 300 g were used for our experiments. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + 200 g weight was dropped form a height of 20 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + To stablish the TBI-injury model, 200 g weight was dropped form a height of 20 cm onto a 3 mm-diameter footplate resting on dura with a controlled depth of 1.0 mm [21]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + PMID:33131748 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024320520313849 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000991 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + Lesniak A, Pick CG, Misicka A, Lipkowski AW, Sacharczuk M. Biphalin protects against cognitive deficits in a mouse model of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)Neuropharmacology. 2016 Feb;101:506-18. doi: 10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.10.014. Epub 2015 Oct 22. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + 326 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + Lesniak A,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + 10–12 weeks, 26–28 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + 26 - 28 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + L/D emergence task, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Barnes Maze test test, Contextual fear memory testing, Elevated zero maze, Fear conditioning, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Light dark escape, Locomotor activity, Novel object localization test, Novel object recognition test, Oligomeric Aβ42 dot blot analysis, Social interaction, Sound-attenuated isolation, Behavioral Testing, Thioflavin S staining, social preference test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + Histology,Microscopy,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,Silver staining,Tail suspension test,Discrimination index (DI),Light microscope,Morris water maze (MWM),Elevated plus maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.10.014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + All experiments were performed on 10–12 week old (26–28 g), male C57BL6 mice, obtained from the Animal House at the Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS in Warsaw. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + All experiments were performed on 10–12 week old (26–28 g), male C57BL6 mice, obtained from the Animal House at the Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS in Warsaw. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + C57BL6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + Animal House at the Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS in Warsaw + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + All experiments were performed on 10–12 week old (26–28 g), male C57BL6 mice, obtained from the Animal House at the Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS in Warsaw. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + a 30 g cylindrical weight (10 mm in diameter) was dropped down a 80 cm long metal tube (12 mm inner diameter), held stable with clamps to a laboratory stand + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + To induce mTBI, a 30 g cylindrical weight (10 mm in diameter) was dropped down a 80 cm long metal tube (12 mm inner diameter), held stable with clamps to a laboratory stand. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + Biphalin (10 mg/kg) or vehicle was either injected immediately or two hours after injury or chronically for 7 days with the first injection given immediately after injury., Biphalin (PubChem CID: 5487663) was elaborated and synthesized at the Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS, Poland according to the method described previously (Lipkowski et al., 1982). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + PMID:26474659 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028390815301374 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000992 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Dong W, Yang B, Wang L, Li B, Guo X, Zhang M, Jiang Z, Fu J, Pi J, Guan D, Zhao R. Curcumin plays neuroprotective roles against traumatic brain injury partly via Nrf2 signalingToxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2018 May 1;346:28-36. doi: 10.1016\/j.taap.2018.03.020. Epub 2018 Mar 21. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 329 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Dong W,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 20–26 g, 8–12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 8–12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 8 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 20 - 26 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Brain water content, Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC), Immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, Western blot, qPCR, spectrophotometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Analytical technique,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + qPCR,Immunofluorescence staining,Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC),Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Spectrometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2018.03.020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Male C57BL/6 (wild-type, WT) (Charles River Laboratories) and Nrf2 gene knockout (Nrf2-KO) (on C57BL/6 background, originally generated by Dr. Masayuki Yamamoto) mice (8–12 weeks; 20–26 g) were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Male C57BL/6 (wild-type, WT) (Charles River Laboratories) and Nrf2 gene knockout (Nrf2-KO) (on C57BL/6 background, originally generated by Dr. Masayuki Yamamoto) mice (8–12 weeks; 20–26 g) were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Charles River Laboratories + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Nrf2 gene knockout (Nrf2-KO), wild-type + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Male C57BL/6 (wild-type, WT) (Charles River Laboratories) and Nrf2 gene knockout (Nrf2-KO) (on C57BL/6 background, originally generated by Dr. Masayuki Yamamoto) mice (8–12 weeks; 20–26 g) were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Male C57BL/6 (wild-type, WT) (Charles River Laboratories) and Nrf2 gene knockout (Nrf2-KO) (on C57BL/6 background, originally generated by Dr. Masayuki Yamamoto) mice (8–12 weeks; 20–26 g) were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 40 g weight was dropped from 20 cm above the dura through a guide tube onto the foot plate + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + Then, a 40 g weight was dropped from 20 cm above the dura through a guide tube onto the foot plate. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + The TBI + Cur and TBI + Veh groups were administered curcumin (sigma, St Louis, MO, USA) dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (50 mg/kg body weight) or equal volumes of vehicle, intraperitoneally 15 min post TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + 20 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + PMID:29571711 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041008X18301066 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000993 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Allen RS, Motz CT, Singh A, Feola A, Hutson L, Douglass A, Ramachandra Rao S, Skelton LA, Cardelle L, Bales KL, Chesler K, Gudapati K, Ethier CR, Harper MM, Fliesler SJ, Pardue MT. Dependence of visual and cognitive outcomes on animal holder configuration in a rodent model of blast overpressure exposureVision Res. 2021 Nov;188:162-173. doi: 10.1016\/j.visres.2021.07.008. Epub 2021 Jul 30. PMC8440444 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + modified shock tube device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + 330 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Allen RS,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + 17 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + 3.5 months of age, 420–450 g, 80 days of age, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + 80 days, 3.5 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + 80 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + 3.5 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Electroretinography, Optomotor response, Spectral domain optical coherence tomography, TUNEL staining, Y-maze, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), spectral-domain optical coherence tomography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Imaging,Retina Function,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Optomotor response,Electroretinography (ERG) test,Y Maze test,Spectral domain optical coherence tomography,TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2021.07.008 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Dependence of visual and cognitive outcomes on animal holder configuration in a rodent model of blast overpressure exposure + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Long-Evans outbred + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Long-Evans + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Then, rats were exposed to a closed-globe acoustic blast using a modified shock tube device. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + Animal holding chambers used during blast exposure., Then, a solenoid-driven arrow inside the tube was driven forward via computer to rupture the foil, release the backpressure, and cause an instantaneous acoustic shockwave., blast utilized an 80-psi backpressure load of compressed nitrogen in the driver section of the shock tube to generate a sound pressure level of ca. 190 dB SPL (sound pressure ~63 kPa) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + The blast utilized an 80-psi backpressure load of compressed nitrogen in the driver section of the shock tube to generate a sound pressure level of ca. 190 dB SPL (sound pressure ~63 kPa)., Then, a solenoid-driven arrow inside the tube was driven forward via computer to rupture the foil, release the backpressure, and cause an instantaneous acoustic shockwave. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + PMID:34333201 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042698921001632 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000994 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + Onyszchuk G, Al-Hafez B, He YY, Bilgen M, Berman NE, Brooks WM. A mouse model of sensorimotor controlled cortical impact: characterization using longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging, behavioral assessments and histologyJ Neurosci Methods. 2007 Mar 15;160(2):187-96. doi: 10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2006.09.007. Epub 2006 Oct 16. PMC1941707 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + 333 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + Onyszchuk G,et al.,2007 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + 20–25-week, 28–30 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + 28 - 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Rotarod test, Spin-echo multislice images, T2-weighted image, cylinder forelimb test, spontaneous forelimb test, Gridwalk test, Histology, laterality score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + Histology,Imaging,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + Rotarod test,Cylinder forelimb test,Grid walk test,Histology,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),T2-weighted Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),modified Spontaneous forelimb test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.09.007 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + A mouse model of sensorimotor controlled cortical impact: Characterization using longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging, behavioral assessments and histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + impactor tip was slowly lowered in 0.05 mm increments until the tip just contacted the dura (by visual inspection). The cortical impact was initiated through the device graphical user interface of the impactor control software. Firstly, there was a retraction of the tip of 20 mm, and then a downward strike of 21 mm (20 mm retraction plus the 1.0 mm programmed injury depth), the equipment included a linear motor device (the impactor), power supply and microprocessor controller (Linmot, Zurich, Switzerland), a Plexiglas table, and stand for the linear motor device made with an adjustable manipulator (Kopf, Tujunga, CA) that allowed precise positioning of the impactor, used a 3.0 mm diameter flat face tip with a slightly rounded edge, a 1.5 m/s strike velocity, a 1.0 mm strike depth, and an 85 ms contact time + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + In this study, we used a 3.0 mm diameter flat face tip with a slightly rounded edge, a 1.5 m/s strike velocity, a 1.0 mm strike depth, and an 85 ms contact time., Briefly, the equipment included a linear motor device (the impactor), power supply and microprocessor controller (Linmot, Zurich, Switzerland), a Plexiglas table, and stand for the linear motor device made with an adjustable manipulator (Kopf, Tujunga, CA) that allowed precise positioning of the impactor., The impactor tip was slowly lowered in 0.05 mm increments until the tip just contacted the dura (by visual inspection). The cortical impact was initiated through the device graphical user interface of the impactor control software. Firstly, there was a retraction of the tip of 20 mm, and then a downward strike of 21 mm (20 mm retraction plus the 1.0 mm programmed injury depth). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + 20 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + PMID:17049995 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165027006004559 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000995 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + Mychasiuk R, Hehar H, Candy S, Ma I, Esser MJ. The direction of the acceleration and rotational forces associated with mild traumatic brain injury in rodents effect behavioural and molecular outcomesJ Neurosci Methods. 2016 Jan 15;257:168-78. doi: 10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2015.10.002. Epub 2015 Oct 17. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + lateral impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + 520 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + Mychasiuk R,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + postnatal day 60 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + 60 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + 60 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + Beam walk test, Elevated plus maze, Forced swim test, Novel context mismatch test, open field test, qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + Molecular assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + Forced swim test,Open field test,Beam walk test,qRT-PCR,Elevated plus maze test,Novel context mismatch test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.10.002 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + females + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + males + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + Thirty-six in-house bred animals (18 males: 18 females) were maintained on a 12:12 h light:dark cycle (lights on at 0700) in a temperature controlled (21 °C) husbandry room. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + in-house bred + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + in-house bred + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + dropping a 150 g weight, from 1meter height, through a guide tube, injury platforms, propelling a 100 g weight toward the rat's head through a thrust barrel using pneumatic pressure + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + The LI mTBI was produced by propelling a 100 g weight toward the rat's head through a thrust barrel using pneumatic pressure., The WD mTBI was produced by dropping a 150 g weight, from 1meter height, through a guide tube. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + Lateral impact model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + Primer information for relative qRT-PCR. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + PMID:26484783 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016502701500374X + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000996 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + Mychasiuk R, Hehar H, Candy S, Ma I, Esser MJ. The direction of the acceleration and rotational forces associated with mild traumatic brain injury in rodents effect behavioural and molecular outcomesJ Neurosci Methods. 2016 Jan 15;257:168-78. doi: 10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2015.10.002. Epub 2015 Oct 17. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + modified weight drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + 334 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + Mychasiuk R,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + postnatal day 60 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + 60 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + 60 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + Beam walk test, Elevated plus maze, Forced swim test, Novel context mismatch test, open field test, qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + Molecular assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + Forced swim test,Open field test,Beam walk test,qRT-PCR,Elevated plus maze test,Novel context mismatch test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.10.002 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + females + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + males + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + Thirty-six in-house bred animals (18 males: 18 females) were maintained on a 12:12 h light:dark cycle (lights on at 0700) in a temperature controlled (21 °C) husbandry room. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + in-house bred + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + in-house bred + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + dropping a 150 g weight, from 1meter height, through a guide tube, injury platforms, propelling a 100 g weight toward the rat's head through a thrust barrel using pneumatic pressure + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + The LI mTBI was produced by propelling a 100 g weight toward the rat's head through a thrust barrel using pneumatic pressure., The WD mTBI was produced by dropping a 150 g weight, from 1meter height, through a guide tube. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + Primer information for relative qRT-PCR. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + PMID:26484783 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016502701500374X + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000997 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + Tweedie D, Rachmany L, Kim DS, Rubovitch V, Lehrmann E, Zhang Y, Becker KG, Perez E, Pick CG, Greig NH. Mild traumatic brain injury-induced hippocampal gene expressions: The identification of target cellular processes for drug developmentJ Neurosci Methods. 2016 Oct 15;272:4-18. doi: 10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Feb 8. PMC4977213 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + 521 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + Tweedie D,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + 30–40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + 30–40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + Gene expression, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis tool, Gene Set Enrichment analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + System biology method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + Pathway analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.02.003 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + ICR mice (Institute for Cancer Research (ICR)) were housed five per cage under a constant 12-h light/dark cycle, at room temperature (23 °C). Food (Purina rodent chow) and water were available ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + ICR mice (Institute for Cancer Research (ICR)) were housed five per cage under a constant 12-h light/dark cycle, at room temperature (23 °C). Food (Purina rodent chow) and water were available ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + After full anesthesia was achieved, the animals were placed under the opening of a weight drop device and a weight (30 g) dropped from a height of 80 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + a weight (30 g) dropped from a height of 80 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + After full anesthesia was achieved, the animals were placed under the opening of a weight drop device and a weight (30 g) dropped from a height of 80 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + mTBI regulated genes identified in hippocampal tissues 14 days after injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + PMID:26868732 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165027016000558 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000998 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + Sun L, Zhao M, Liu M, Su P, Zhang J, Li Y, Yang X, Wu Z. Suppression of FoxO3a attenuates neurobehavioral deficits after traumatic brain injury through inhibiting neuronal autophagyBehav Brain Res. 2018 Jan 30;337:271-279. doi: 10.1016\/j.bbr.2017.08.042. Epub 2017 Sep 6. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + modified weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + 338 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + Sun L,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + 375 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + 12 weeks, 350–375 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + 350 - 375 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Limb placing test, Performance time rate, RRT, SPRT, Success rate, limb placing test, Hematoxylin and Eosin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + Behavioral test,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Single pellet reaching task,Rotarod test,Hematoxylin and eosin stain,Limb placing test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2017.08.042 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + A total of 120 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (aged 12 weeks and weighing 350–375 g) were purchased from Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd. (Vital River, Beijing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + A total of 120 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (aged 12 weeks and weighing 350–375 g) were purchased from Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd. (Vital River, Beijing, China)., A total of 60 patients diagnosed with TBI according to clinical information and head computed tomography (CT) analysis were recruited in the Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University (Beijing, China), from January to December 2015. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University (Beijing, China), Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd. (Vital River, Beijing, China) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + A total of 120 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (aged 12 weeks and weighing 350–375 g) were purchased from Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd. (Vital River, Beijing, China)., A total of 60 patients diagnosed with TBI according to clinical information and head computed tomography (CT) analysis were recruited in the Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University (Beijing, China), from January to December 2015. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + Seven days after lentiviral infection, the rat model of TBI was induced by using a modified weight-drop device, as described previously by Marmarou [24]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + For specific gene knockdown on FoxO3a mRNA, the lentiviral particles of siRNA targeting Foxo3a (siFoxo3a) and scramble siRNA Control (siControl) were purchased from Genechem Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). The sequence of siRNA is as followed: siRNA-1 of FoxO3a (siFoxO3a-1, 5′-AUUGACCAAACUUCCCUGGUUAGGC-3′), siRNA-2 of FoxO3a (siFoxO3a-2,5′-GAGCUCUUGGUGGAUCAUC-3′) [36]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + injury event + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + The inclusion criteria: (1) an injury event (i.e., blast, fall, motor-vehicle crash, head impact) occurred a within the preceding 24 h; (2) loss of consciousness (if present) for < 24 h. (3) 13–15 Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) considered mild TBI, 9–12 GCS scores considered moderate TBI (n = 16), and 3–8 GCS scores considered severe TBI (n = 16). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + The clinical characteristics of TBI patients. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + PMID:28889023 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166432817307660 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0000999 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000100 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000100 + 2022-10-11T05:35:39.584142Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000100 + http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000070 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000100 + Measurement + + + + ns1:BIKO_000100 + http://regenbase.org/ontology#RB_0000437 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000100 + A quantitative description that reflects the magnitude of some attribute. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Kaukas L, Holmes JL, Rahimi F, Collins-Praino L, Corrigan F. Injury during adolescence leads to sex-specific executive function deficits in adulthood in a pre-clinical model of mild traumatic brain injuryBehav Brain Res. 2021 Mar 26;402:113067. doi: 10.1016\/j.bbr.2020.113067. Epub 2020 Dec 14. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + 339 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Kaukas L,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + postnatal day 35 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + 35 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + 35 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Five serial choice reaction time task, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Five serial choice reaction time task,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113067 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Male or female Sprague Dawley rats were group housed by sex in individually ventilated cages in a controlled temperature environment under a 12 h light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Male or female Sprague Dawley rats were group housed by sex in individually ventilated cages in a controlled temperature environment under a 12 h light/dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + 100 g weight that was released from a height of 0.75 m + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Animals were briefly anaesthetised with 3.5 % isoflurane in air for three minutes before being placed chest down on scored tin foil with the head directly in the path of a 100 g weight that was released from a height of 0.75 m. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Closed head Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + Antibodies of interest., Outcome measures in the 5CSRTT. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + PMID:33333110 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001000 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016643282030766X + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Wei W, Wang H, Wu Y, Ding K, Li T, Cong Z, Xu J, Zhou M, Huang L, Ding H, Wu H. Alpha lipoic acid inhibits neural apoptosis via a mitochondrial pathway in rats following traumatic brain injuryNeurochem Int. 2015 Aug;87:85-91. doi: 10.1016\/j.neuint.2015.06.003. Epub 2015 Jun 6. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + 340 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Wei W,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + 250–280 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + 250 - 280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Brain water content, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Neurological evaluation, Nissl staining, TUNEL staining, Western blot, spectrophotometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Analytical technique,Immunoassay,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Neurological assessment + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Neurological evaluation,Nissl staining,Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Spectrometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2015.06.003 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250–280 g were obtained from the Animal Center of Jinling Hospital. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250–280 g were obtained from the Animal Center of Jinling Hospital. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Animal Center of Jinling Hospital + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250–280 g were obtained from the Animal Center of Jinling Hospital. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + TBI was induced by a 40 g weight dropped from a height of 25 cm along a stainless steel string, which translated into 1000× g/cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + TBI was induced by a 40 g weight dropped from a height of 25 cm along a stainless steel string, which translated into 1000× g/cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + ALA was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (catalogue number: T5625; St. Louis, MO, USA), dissolved in the vehicle solution (10% dimethyl sulfoxide in corn oil), and administered by oral gavage once daily for 2 days starting 30 min after the induction of TBI (Toklu et al., 2009)., Rats were randomly assigned to five experimental groups: sham + vehicle, sham + ALA (100 mg/kg), TBI + vehicle, TBI + ALA (20 mg/kg) and TBI + ALA (100 mg/kg). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + PMID:26055972 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019701861500087X + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001001 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Jindal A, Mahesh R, Bhatt S, Pandey D. Molecular modifications by regulating cAMP signaling and oxidant-antioxidant defence mechanisms, produce antidepressant-like effect: A possible mechanism of etazolate aftermaths of impact accelerated traumatic brain injury in rat modelNeurochem Int. 2017 Dec;111:3-11. doi: 10.1016\/j.neuint.2016.12.004. Epub 2016 Dec 14. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + 341 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Jindal A,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + 290 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + 260–290 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + 260 - 290 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Biuret method, Malondialdehyde content, CAT activity, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), GSH estimation, Hyper-emotionality test, SOD activity, Sucrose preference test, colorimetric assay, open field test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Colorimetry assay,Immunoassay,Biochemical assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Open field test,Sucrose preference test,Hyper emotionality test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Glutathione levels,Biuret test,Colorimetric assay,Brain catalase activity,Superoxide dismutase activity,Malondialdehyde (MDA) assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2016.12.004 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Adult male Wistar Albino rats, weighing 260–290 g were procured from Hissar Agricultural University, Haryana, India. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Adult male Wistar Albino rats, weighing 260–290 g were procured from Hissar Agricultural University, Haryana, India. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Wistar Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Hissar Agricultural University, Haryana, India + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Adult male Wistar Albino rats, weighing 260–290 g were procured from Hissar Agricultural University, Haryana, India. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + A 420 g metal weight was dropped from a height of 1 m guided through straight pipe (1 m in length and 35 mm in diameter), onto the metal disc placed over the rat's skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + A 420 g metal weight was dropped from a height of 1 m guided through straight pipe (1 m in length and 35 mm in diameter), onto the metal disc placed over the rat's skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + ETZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + ETZ was procured from Tocris bioscience, UK. Fluoxetine (FLX) was procured from Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, India as gift samples. ETZ and FLX were always freshly prepared in distilled water before administration. Following, the postsurgical rehabilitation period of 10 days, ETZ (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and FLX (10 mg/kg) were administrated per-oral (p.o.) once a day for 14 days (11th to 24th day) to TBI and sham-operated rats. Post 14 days of treatment with drugs/vehicle, the first behavioral test was performed and treatment was continued till 26th day following injury. The time schedule for surgery, test drug treatment and behavioral/biochemical assay of TBI/sham rats were carried out based on the customized schedule reported earlier (Table 1) (Pandey et al., 2009, Jindal et al., 2015a, Jindal et al., 2015b). Animals with abnormal behavior and/or diseased condition (8–10%) were discarded from the study. The morality rate was found 1–2%. Dose selection of ETZ and FLX was based on their efficacy in previously tested animal models of depression in our lab (Jindal et al., 2015a, Jindal et al., 2015b). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + ETZ was procured from Tocris bioscience, UK. Fluoxetine (FLX) was procured from Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, India as gift samples. ETZ and FLX were always freshly prepared in distilled water before administration. Following, the postsurgical rehabilitation period of 10 days, ETZ (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and FLX (10 mg/kg) were administrated per-oral (p.o.) once a day for 14 days (11th to 24th day) to TBI and sham-operated rats. Post 14 days of treatment with drugs/vehicle, the first behavioral test was performed and treatment was continued till 26th day following injury. The time schedule for surgery, test drug treatment and behavioral/biochemical assay of TBI/sham rats were carried out based on the customized schedule reported earlier (Table 1) (Pandey et al., 2009, Jindal et al., 2015a, Jindal et al., 2015b). Animals with abnormal behavior and/or diseased condition (8–10%) were discarded from the study. The morality rate was found 1–2%. Dose selection of ETZ and FLX was based on their efficacy in previously tested animal models of depression in our lab (Jindal et al., 2015a, Jindal et al., 2015b). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + ETZ was procured from Tocris bioscience, UK. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Impact acceleration model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + ns1:BIKO_ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + Schedule of TBI surgery, drugs treatment, behavioral and biochemical tests. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + 260 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + PMID:27988361 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197018616301140 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001002 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Arun P, Oguntayo S, Albert SV, Gist I, Wang Y, Nambiar MP, Long JB. Acute decrease in alkaline phosphatase after brain injury: A potential mechanism for tauopathyNeurosci Lett. 2015 Nov 16;609:152-8. doi: 10.1016\/j.neulet.2015.10.036. Epub 2015 Oct 19. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + 342 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Arun P,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + 300–350 g, 9–10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + 9 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + 9 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + 300 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2015.10.036 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Male Sprague Dawley rats, 9–10 weeks old that weighed 300–350 g (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were housed at 20–22 °C (12 h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Male Sprague Dawley rats, 9–10 weeks old that weighed 300–350 g (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were housed at 20–22 °C (12 h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Male Sprague Dawley rats, 9–10 weeks old that weighed 300–350 g (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were housed at 20–22 °C (12 h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + Rats were exposed to single shockwave (peak static pressure of 19.0 psi (131 kPa) with a 9 ms positive phase duration)., dropping the cylindrical weight (500 g) from a predetermined height (150 cm), injury device consisted of a vertically secured 2.5 m long Plexiglas tube with a 19 mm inner diameter + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + As originally described by Marmarou et al. [21], the injury device consisted of a vertically secured 2.5 m long Plexiglas tube with a 19 mm inner diameter., Brain injury was produced by dropping the cylindrical weight (500 g) from a predetermined height (150 cm)., Rats were exposed to single shockwave (peak static pressure of 19.0 psi (131 kPa) with a 9 ms positive phase duration). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + PMID:26483321 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304394015302007 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001003 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Arun P, Oguntayo S, Albert SV, Gist I, Wang Y, Nambiar MP, Long JB. Acute decrease in alkaline phosphatase after brain injury: A potential mechanism for tauopathyNeurosci Lett. 2015 Nov 16;609:152-8. doi: 10.1016\/j.neulet.2015.10.036. Epub 2015 Oct 19. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + 501 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Arun P,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + 300–350 g, 9–10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + 9 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + 9 - 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + 300–350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2015.10.036 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Male Sprague Dawley rats, 9–10 weeks old that weighed 300–350 g (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were housed at 20–22 °C (12 h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Male Sprague Dawley rats, 9–10 weeks old that weighed 300–350 g (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were housed at 20–22 °C (12 h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Male Sprague Dawley rats, 9–10 weeks old that weighed 300–350 g (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were housed at 20–22 °C (12 h light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water ad libitum. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + Rats were exposed to single shockwave (peak static pressure of 19.0 psi (131 kPa) with a 9 ms positive phase duration)., dropping the cylindrical weight (500 g) from a predetermined height (150 cm), injury device consisted of a vertically secured 2.5 m long Plexiglas tube with a 19 mm inner diameter + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + As originally described by Marmarou et al. [21], the injury device consisted of a vertically secured 2.5 m long Plexiglas tube with a 19 mm inner diameter., Brain injury was produced by dropping the cylindrical weight (500 g) from a predetermined height (150 cm)., Rats were exposed to single shockwave (peak static pressure of 19.0 psi (131 kPa) with a 9 ms positive phase duration). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + PMID:26483321 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304394015302007 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001004 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + Shishido H, Kishimoto Y, Kawai N, Toyota Y, Ueno M, Kubota T, Kirino Y, Tamiya T. Traumatic brain injury accelerates amyloid-β deposition and impairs spatial learning in the triple-transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's diseaseNeurosci Lett. 2016 Aug 26;629:62-67. doi: 10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.06.066. Epub 2016 Jun 29. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 343 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + Shishido H,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 25–30 g, 5- to 7-month-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 5-7 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 5-7 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 22 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 25 - 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + Histology, Morris Water Maze (MWM) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + Behavioral test,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + Morris water maze (MWM),Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2016.06.066 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + We used 5- to 7-month-old homozygous triple-transgenic AD-model (3×Tg-AD) mice, weighing 25–30 g, on a C57BL/6J background [20], which express a mutant form of human APP (APPSWE), presenilin 1 (PS1M146V) and tau (tauP301L). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + triple-transgenic, 3×Tg-AD + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + We used 5- to 7-month-old homozygous triple-transgenic AD-model (3×Tg-AD) mice, weighing 25–30 g, on a C57BL/6J background [20], which express a mutant form of human APP (APPSWE), presenilin 1 (PS1M146V) and tau (tauP301L). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + We used 5- to 7-month-old homozygous triple-transgenic AD-model (3×Tg-AD) mice, weighing 25–30 g, on a C57BL/6J background [20], which express a mutant form of human APP (APPSWE), presenilin 1 (PS1M146V) and tau (tauP301L). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + The mice receiving the TBI treatment were placed under a weight-drop device, which consists of a transparent vertical Plexiglas guide tube (13 mm in diameter and 100 cm long), through which a cylindrically shaped iron weight (10 mm in diameter and 30 g in weight) was dropped from an 80-cm height. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + consists of a transparent vertical Plexiglas guide tube (13 mm in diameter and 100 cm long), through which a cylindrically shaped iron weight (10 mm in diameter and 30 g in weight) was dropped from an 80-cm height + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + The mice receiving the TBI treatment were placed under a weight-drop device, which consists of a transparent vertical Plexiglas guide tube (13 mm in diameter and 100 cm long), through which a cylindrically shaped iron weight (10 mm in diameter and 30 g in weight) was dropped from an 80-cm height. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 22 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + PMID:27373531 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030439401630475X + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001005 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Li SS, Xie LL, Li ZZ, Fan YJ, Qi MM, Xi YG. Androgen is responsible for enhanced susceptibility of melatonin against traumatic brain injury in femalesNeurosci Lett. 2021 May 1;752:135842. doi: 10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.135842. Epub 2021 Mar 22. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + 344 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Li SS,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + 300–350 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + 300–350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Immunofluorescence, open field test, TUNEL staining, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Histology,Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Open field test,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Immunofluorescence staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135842 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Adult male and female Sprague–Dawley rats (300–350 g) were kept at a stable temperature of 25 °C ± 1 °C for 12 h in alternating light and dark conditions. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Adult male and female Sprague–Dawley rats (300–350 g) were kept at a stable temperature of 25 °C ± 1 °C for 12 h in alternating light and dark conditions. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Adult male and female Sprague–Dawley rats (300–350 g) were kept at a stable temperature of 25 °C ± 1 °C for 12 h in alternating light and dark conditions. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + copper weight (20 g) was freely fallen on planchet (diameter, 6 mm; thickness, 5 mm) attached directly on the dura from a height of 25 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + A copper weight (20 g) was freely fallen on planchet (diameter, 6 mm; thickness, 5 mm) attached directly on the dura from a height of 25 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + Melatonin was dissolved in vehicle (saline containing 2% ethanol) and administered via subcutaneous injection three times every day for three days after TBI at a dose of 10 mg/kg (CAS: HY-B0075; MedChemExpress, USA), as previous studies indicated [10,12]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + PMID: 33766734 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304394021002202 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001006 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + Kahriman A, Bouley J, Bosco DA, Shazeeb MS, Henninger N. Differential association of baseline body weight and body-weight loss with neurological deficits, histology, and death after repetitive closed head traumatic brain injuryNeurosci Lett. 2022 Feb 6;771:136430. doi: 10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136430. Epub 2021 Dec 29. PMC8821174 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + 345 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + Kahriman A,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + 9–12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + 9 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + 9 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + Beam walk test, Elevated plus maze, Forced swim test, Novel context mismatch test, open field test, qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + Histology,Abnormal nervous system physiology,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Seizure activity,Absolute discrimination measure,Histology,Righting reflex,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136430 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + This study is a retrospective analysis of 184 male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Laboratories) subjected to an identical closed head rTBI-paradigm (n = 129) or sham injury (n = 55) in our laboratory between January 2014 and June 2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + This study is a retrospective analysis of 184 male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Laboratories) subjected to an identical closed head rTBI-paradigm (n = 129) or sham injury (n = 55) in our laboratory between January 2014 and June 2021. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + Jackson Laboratories + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + This study is a retrospective analysis of 184 male C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Laboratories) subjected to an identical closed head rTBI-paradigm (n = 129) or sham injury (n = 55) in our laboratory between January 2014 and June 2021. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + Sham animals were anesthetized, surgically prepared (including skin incision), and placed under the impact device with the impactor placed on the skull but were not subjected to head impact. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + PMID:34973374 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304394021008090 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001007 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + Zhu J, Lin X, Chen C, Tan H, Gao Y, Li D, Chen G. WNK3 Promotes Neuronal Survival after Traumatic Brain Injury in RatsNeuroscience. 2021 Nov 21;477:76-88. doi: 10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2021.09.021. Epub 2021 Oct 6. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + 346 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + Zhu J,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + 330 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + 280–330 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + 280 - 330 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC), Neurological function score, TUNEL staining, Brain water content, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + Immunoassay,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Neurological assessment + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Neurological evaluation,Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC),Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.09.021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + A total of 120 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (male, weight 280–330 g) obtained from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China) were housed in a standard animal colony with free access to food and water under a normal 12-h:12-h light:dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + A total of 120 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (male, weight 280–330 g) obtained from the Animal Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China) were housed in a standard animal colony with free access to food and water under a normal 12-h:12-h light:dark cycle. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + 40 g metal rod was allowed to fall freely from a height of 25 cm onto a pillar (4 mm in diameter, 5 mm in height) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + A 40 g metal rod was allowed to fall freely from a height of 25 cm onto a pillar (4 mm in diameter, 5 mm in height) that had previously been laid on the dura of the surgical wound. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + Lentivirus stereotaxic cortical injection. The WNK3 gene sequence was chemically synthesized, and a plasmid containing the target gene and the GV492 vector was chemically synthesized by BamHI/AgeI enzyme digestion (Genechem Biotech Inc., Shanghai, China). The PCR product was ligated into the linearized expression vector. The LV-WNK3 constuct was transfected into 293 T cells, and the lentiviral titers were detected by fluorescence. LV-WNK3 was successfully constructed, and a corresponding viral titer of 4 × 107 TU/ml was obtained. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection and local injection in the right hemisphere (1.5 mm lateral to the anterior condyle, 1 mm posterior, 4.0 mm in depth) (Wu et al., 2017) improved transfection in the rats 7 d before TBI modeling. Each injection contained 20 µl of GFP-labeled lentivirus suspension delivered at a rate of 0.5 ml/min, with an additional needle retention time of 10 min. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + Neurological function scores + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + PMID:34626749 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452221004887 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001008 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Yang XJ, Ling S, Zhou ML, Deng HJ, Qi M, Liu XL, Zhen C, Chen YX, Fan XR, Wu ZY, Ma FC, Rong J, Di GF, Jiang XC. Inhibition of TRPA1 Attenuates Oxidative Stress-induced Damage After Traumatic Brain Injury via the ERK\/AKT Signaling PathwayNeuroscience. 2022 Feb 11;494:51-68. doi: 10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2022.02.003. Online ahead of print. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + 347 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Yang XJ,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + 28–32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Dichlorofluorescein Diacetate Dye, Immunofluorescence, Neurological Severity Score )NSS), Nissl staining, TUNEL staining, Western Blot, Optical density, qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Stereological method,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Optical density,Nissl staining,Reactive oxygen species assay,Immunofluorescence staining,qRT-PCR,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.02.003 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Male wild-type C57BL/6 J mice (weight: 28–32 g) were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of the Wannan Medical College in China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Male wild-type C57BL/6 J mice (weight: 28–32 g) were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of the Wannan Medical College in China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Experimental Animal Center of the Wannan Medical College in China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + wild-type + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Male wild-type C57BL/6 J mice (weight: 28–32 g) were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of the Wannan Medical College in China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Male wild-type C57BL/6 J mice (weight: 28–32 g) were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of the Wannan Medical College in China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + In brief, mice were anesthetized using intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium (40 mg/kg) and then placed on the platform of the Weight-Drop equipment. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + 200-gram weight reduction device was released from a height of 2.5 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Next, a 200-gram weight reduction device was released from a height of 2.5 cm to cause local trauma at 1.5 mm outside the midline of the hemispherical coronal plane. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + Thirty-six mice were divided into a sham group, TBI 24 h group, TBI 24 h+V group, TBI 24 h+HC (1 nM), TBI 24 h+HC (5 nM), or TBI 24 h+HC (10 nM) group (V, vehicle; n = 6 per group) for Western blotting, and the remaining 18 mice were divided into a sham group, TBI 24 h group, TBI 24 h+V group, TBI 24 h+HC (1 nM), TBI 24 h+HC (5 nM), or TBI 24 h+HC (10 nM) group (n = 3 per group) for the TUNEL assay. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + PMID:35158017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452222000550 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001009 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Dai W, Wang H, Fang J, Zhu Y, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhou Y, Zhou M. Curcumin provides neuroprotection in model of traumatic brain injury via the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathwayBrain Res Bull. 2018 Jun;140:65-71. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2018.03.020. Epub 2018 Apr 4. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + 348 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Dai W,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + 28–32 g, 6–8 weeks, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Brain water content, Immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, Western blot, spectrophotometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Analytical technique,Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Immunofluorescence staining,Brain water content,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Spectrometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.03.020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Adult male ICR mice (6–8 weeks, 28–32 g) were provided by Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Adult male ICR mice (6–8 weeks, 28–32 g) were provided by Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Adult male ICR mice (6–8 weeks, 28–32 g) were provided by Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + one 200 g weight was dropped onto the skull from a height of 2.5 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + After locating the left anterior frontal area as the impact area, one 200 g weight was dropped onto the skull from a height of 2.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Curcumin (Sigma Aldrich, Shanghai, China) was dissolved in saline containing 10% DMSO. Different doses of Curcumin or equal volume of 10% DMSO were injected intraperitoneally 30 min after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + Marmarou’s Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + PMID:29626606 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361923017304173 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001010 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Courtes AA, Gonçalves DF, Hartmann DD, da Rosa PC, Cassol G, Royes LFF, de Carvalho NR, Soares FAA. Guanosine protects against behavioural and mitochondrial bioenergetic alterations after mild traumatic brain injuryBrain Res Bull. 2020 Oct;163:31-39. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2020.07.003. Epub 2020 Jul 15. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + 349 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Courtes AA,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + 220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + 200–220 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + 200 - 220 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + High resolution respirometry, Mitochondrial respiration assay, object recognition test, open field test, Rotarod test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Open field test,Object recognition test ,Rotarod test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.07.003 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Male Wistar adult rats (200–220 g), supplied from our own breeding colony, were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Male Wistar adult rats (200–220 g), supplied from our own breeding colony, were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Male Wistar adult rats (200–220 g), supplied from our own breeding colony, were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + weight of 54 g (2.5 cm diameter) free fall until the animal head, on a height 100 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + Either, a trigger fires an acrylic weight of 54 g (2.5 cm diameter) free fall until the animal head, on a height 100 cm (39.4 in.). A fishing line (0.30 mm, Mazzaferro) supported the weight. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + GUO solution dissolved in 0.9 % saline was maintained at 37 °C before injections to prevent any drug precipitation. Dose used was selected based on our previous studies with a dose-response curve (Soares et al., 2004) and others (Tavares et al., 2008; Gerbatin 2016), in which GUO (7.5 mg/kg) conferred neuroprotective action when intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered (1 mL/kg) to rats in different experimental models. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + received only one concussion + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + The animals received only one concussion. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + PMID:32681970 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361923020305505 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001011 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + Shen M, Wang S, Wen X, Han XR, Wang YJ, Zhou XM, Zhang MH, Wu DM, Lu J, Zheng YL. Dexmedetomidine exerts neuroprotective effect via the activation of the PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling pathway in rats with traumatic brain injuryBiomed Pharmacother. 2017 Nov;95:885-893. doi: 10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.08.125. Epub 2017 Sep 10. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + Shen M,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + 16 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + 12 to 16 weeks, 280 and 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + 12 - 16 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + 12 - 16 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + 280 g, 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + TUNEL staining, transmission electron microscope, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Immunofluorescence, Neurological Severity Score (NSS) , Morris Water Maze (MWM), Western blot, Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Microscopy,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + Immunofluorescence staining,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Morris water maze (MWM),Microscopy,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.125 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + A total of 150 Sprague-Dawlay (SD) rats (SLAC Laboratory Animal Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China) weighing between 280 and 300 g with 12 to 16 weeks were included in the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + Sprague-Dawlay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + SLAC Laboratory Animal Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + A total of 150 Sprague-Dawlay (SD) rats (SLAC Laboratory Animal Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China) weighing between 280 and 300 g with 12 to 16 weeks were included in the study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + Then the 450 g copper hammer was slumped from a 1.5 m high vertical tube in order to beat the steel disc above the brain of the rats for the occurrence of TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + Then the 450 g copper hammer was slumped from a 1.5 m high vertical tube in order to beat the steel disc above the brain of the rats for the occurrence of TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + A total of 150 SD rats were randomly divided into the following 6 groups: control group (without any treatment), sham group, TBI group, TBI + dexmedetomidine group (Dex) (injected with 15 μg/kg Dex (20120425, Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co.,Ltd, Jiangsu, China) 2 h post-TBI surgery), TBI + LY294002 group (LY) (injected with 25 μg/5 μl PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (092M616 V, Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Company, St Louis MO, USA) 2 h post-TBI surgery) and TBI + Dex + LY group (injected with 15 μg/kg Dex and 25 μg/5 μl LY294002 2 h post-TBI surgery), with 25 rats in each group., Dex (vehicle: saline [0.9% NaCl) was injected via the left femoral vein, and LY (vehicle: 5% dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]) was administrated via an intracerebroventricular injection. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + PMID:28903184 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332217317936 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001012 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + Chhor V, Moretti R, Le Charpentier T, Sigaut S, Lebon S, Schwendimann L, Oré MV, Zuiani C, Milan V, Josserand J, Vontell R, Pansiot J, Degos V, Ikonomidou C, Titomanlio L, Hagberg H, Gressens P, Fleiss B. Role of microglia in a mouse model of paediatric traumatic brain injuryBrain Behav Immun. 2017 Jul;63:197-209. doi: 10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.11.001. Epub 2016 Nov 4. PMC5441571 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + 351 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + Chhor V,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + 1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + 5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + 4–5 g, Postnatal day 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + 7 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + 7 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + 4 - 5 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Ventricular volume, antibody-coupled magnetic bead system, qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + Cardiac function,Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Ventricular volume,Antibody-coupled magnetic bead system,qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.11.001 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + sexes + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + Postnatal day 7 (P7; weight 4–5 g) OF1 mice (Charles River, L’Arbresle, France) of both sexes were randomly (alternating animals) allocated to TBI, control or TBI+ treatment (phosphate buffered saline [PBS] or minocycline) groups. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + Postnatal day 7 (P7; weight 4–5 g) OF1 mice (Charles River, L’Arbresle, France) of both sexes were randomly (alternating animals) allocated to TBI, control or TBI+ treatment (phosphate buffered saline [PBS] or minocycline) groups. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + OF1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + OF1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + Charles River, L’Arbresle, France + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + Postnatal day 7 (P7; weight 4–5 g) OF1 mice (Charles River, L’Arbresle, France) of both sexes were randomly (alternating animals) allocated to TBI, control or TBI+ treatment (phosphate buffered saline [PBS] or minocycline) groups. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + The impact device consisted of a hollow stainless-steel cylinder 20 cm in length, perforated at 1 cm intervals to prevent air compression, and guiding a 10 g weight falling from a height of 10 cm onto the foot-plate (2.0 mm in diameter). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + The impact device consisted of a hollow stainless-steel cylinder 20 cm in length, perforated at 1 cm intervals to prevent air compression, and guiding a 10 g weight falling from a height of 10 cm onto the foot-plate (2.0 mm in diameter). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + A dose of 45 mg/kg of minocycline was chosen based on its prior use in models of adult TBI, stroke and paediatric excitotoxic lesion, see Table 1., Minocycline (45 mg/kg in PBS: Sigma, Lyon, France) (Cai et al., 2006, Dommergues et al., 2003) or PBS alone was injected intraperitoneal immediately following TBI, and at 24 and 48 h post-TBI, depending on the protocol. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + Primer sequences and NCBI references., Summary of selected studies investigating the neurotherapeutic effects of minocycline. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + 1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + PMID:27818218 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159116304913 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001013 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + Baratz-Goldstein R, Toussia-Cohen S, Elpaz A, Rubovitch V, Pick CG. Immediate and delayed hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a neuroprotective treatment for traumatic brain injury in miceMol Cell Neurosci. 2017 Sep;83:74-82. doi: 10.1016\/j.mcn.2017.06.004. Epub 2017 Jul 8. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + 353 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + Baratz-Goldstein R,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + 30–40 g, 6–8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + 30 - 40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + open field test, CORT level, Novel object recognition test, foot fault test, Immunofluorescence, NeuN staining, Cresyl violet staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + Behavioral test,Immunofluorescence staining,Hormone measurement,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Open field test,Immunofluorescence staining,Cortisol Measurement,Cresyl violet staining,NeuN staining,Foot fault test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2017.06.004 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + Male ICR mice (6–8 weeks old, 30–40 g weight) were purchased from HSD Jerusalem, Israel, and then bred and raised within the vivarium of Tel Aviv University, Israel. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + Male ICR mice (6–8 weeks old, 30–40 g weight) were purchased from HSD Jerusalem, Israel, and then bred and raised within the vivarium of Tel Aviv University, Israel. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + HSD Jerusalem, Israel + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + Male ICR mice (6–8 weeks old, 30–40 g weight) were purchased from HSD Jerusalem, Israel, and then bred and raised within the vivarium of Tel Aviv University, Israel. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + Mice were subjected to mTBI using the weight drop device, a vertical metal guide tube (13 mm in diameter and 80 cm long), through which a 70 g. cylindrical–shaped piece of metal with a slight spherical tip, was dropped. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + vertical metal guide tube (13 mm in diameter and 80 cm long), through which a 70 g. cylindrical–shaped piece of metal with a slight spherical tip, was dropped + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + Mice were subjected to mTBI using the weight drop device, a vertical metal guide tube (13 mm in diameter and 80 cm long), through which a 70 g. cylindrical–shaped piece of metal with a slight spherical tip, was dropped. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + For the HBOT, animals were administered 100% oxygen at a pressure of 2 ATA in a custom-made monochamber intended for small animals for 60 min daily for 4 consecutive days. In the first stage of our study, treatment was first initiated 3 h post-injury, whereas on the second stage treatment was first initiated 7 days post-injury. 100% oxygen was administered 5 min prior to the compression of the monochamber for oxygen content enrichment. Compression and decompression were executed progressively within 5 min. The oxygen level inside the monochamber after compression reached saturation of ≥ 96%, as measured by an oxygen analyzer (320BRC model, Teledyne Analytical Instruments). The animals in the control, non-HBO treated group were placed inside the monochamber at 1 ATA for 60 min without additional treatment. Temperature in the monochamber, measured with a temperature controller (N322, Novus), was similar for all groups during every session. After every session the monochamber was washed with water and soap. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + PMID:28690173 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1044743117301185 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001014 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Yang Q, Zhang S, Xu Z, Liu L, Fan S, Wu S, Ma C. The Effectiveness of Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation on Traumatic Brain InjuryNeuromodulation. 2022 Jan 20:S1094-7159(21)06389-3. doi: 10.1016\/j.neurom.2021.10.014. Online ahead of print. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + 355 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Yang Q,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + 35 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + 25 to 35 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + 25 - 35 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Evans blue dye extravasation, Functional Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Immunofluorescence , Western blot, Brain water content, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), wire grip test, motion test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Cerebral edema assessment,Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Wire grip test,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Immunofluorescence staining,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Morris water maze (MWM),Western blot,Evans blue dye,Functional Magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurom.2021.10.014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Male C57BL/6 (B6) mice weighing 25 to 35 g were obtained from the Institute of Experimental Animals at Sun Yat-sen University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Institute of Experimental Animals at Sun Yat-sen University + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Male C57BL/6 (B6) mice weighing 25 to 35 g were obtained from the Institute of Experimental Animals at Sun Yat-sen University. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Each mouse was anesthetized with isoflurane (3%) and then immobilized on a platform directly below the metal rod of a weight-drop device. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + 40-g metal rod was dropped from a height of 20 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + With the left anterior frontal area (1.5 mm lateral from the midline and 1.5 mm anterior to the lambda) chosen as the impact area, a 40-g metal rod was dropped from a height of 20 cm onto the skull. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + Once the mouse models with TBI were ready, a low-frequency electrical neuromuscular stimulator was applied to conduct TNS treatment for 60 minutes. The mice in the TNS group were given 60 minutes of bilateral electrical stimulation, whereas the mice in the TBI group did not receive any electrical stimulation. Given that the murine infraorbital nerve is a viable target for examining the neural mechanisms of TNS-based neuromodulation therapies,19 the position and parameters of stimulation were slightly modified, compared with a previous publication.20 Electrical stimulation was performed by inserting needle electrodes bilaterally parallel to imaginary lines connecting the nose to the eye. Two concentric 27G needle electrodes (Kedou Brain-Computer Technology, Suzhou, China) were then attached to the bilateral infraorbital branch of the maxillary nerve (V2) to stimulate the trigeminal nerve with a current intensity of 0.1 mA and a pulse width of 200 microseconds at 10 Hz for 30 sec/min. The mice in the sham TNS (s-TNS) group underwent the same process but without electricity. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + PMID:35088758 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1094715921063893 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001015 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Bonilla Horcajo C, Zurita Castillo M, Vaquero Crespo J. Platelet-rich plasma-derived scaffolds increase the benefit of delayed mesenchymal stromal cell therapy after severe traumatic brain injuryCytotherapy. 2018 Mar;20(3):314-321. doi: 10.1016\/j.jcyt.2017.11.012. Epub 2018 Jan 3. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 357 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Bonilla Horcajo C,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 200–250 g, 225–250 g, 3-month-old, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 200 - 225 g, 225 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Rotarod test, VTB test, degree of lesion, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Behavioral test,Severity score,Morphology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Rotarod test,Degree of lesion,modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.11.012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Experiments were conducted using 3-month-old female Wistar rats weighing 225–250 g (Charles River Laboratories International, Inc.)., The MSCs were harvested from adult male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Experiments were conducted using 3-month-old female Wistar rats weighing 225–250 g (Charles River Laboratories International, Inc.)., The MSCs were harvested from adult male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Charles River Laboratories International, Inc. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + Experiments were conducted using 3-month-old female Wistar rats weighing 225–250 g (Charles River Laboratories International, Inc.)., The MSCs were harvested from adult male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + The brain injury was achieved by a 12 mm2 thick cylindrical steel bar weighing 25 g, which was allowed to fall vertically onto the brain surface from a height of 20 cm, guided by a hollow cylinder, pointed at the craniotomy area. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + The brain injury was achieved by a 12 mm2 thick cylindrical steel bar weighing 25 g, which was allowed to fall vertically onto the brain surface from a height of 20 cm, guided by a hollow cylinder, pointed at the craniotomy area. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + PMID:29306567 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1465324917307764 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001016 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + Chandrasekar A, Heuvel FO, Palmer A, Linkus B, Ludolph AC, Boeckers TM, Relja B, Huber-Lang M, Roselli F. Acute ethanol administration results in a protective cytokine and neuroinflammatory profile in traumatic brain injuryInt Immunopharmacol. 2017 Oct;51:66-75. doi: 10.1016\/j.intimp.2017.08.002. Epub 2017 Aug 12. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + 358 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + Chandrasekar A,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + 80–90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + 80–90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + 80–90 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + Array image analysis, Beam walk test, Cytokine array, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), confocal imaging, phospho-Akt array + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + Analyte assay,Imaging,Immunofluorescence staining,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Beam walk test,Confocal imaging,Cytokine assay,Array image analysis,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2017.08.002 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + B6-SJL WT male mice aged 80–90 days were administered, by oral gavage, 400 μl of ethanol solution (5 g/kg as previously reported [29] corresponding to 32% v/v in saline) or saline 30 min before the procedure. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + C57BL/6-SJL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + WT + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + B6-SJL WT male mice aged 80–90 days were administered, by oral gavage, 400 μl of ethanol solution (5 g/kg as previously reported [29] corresponding to 32% v/v in saline) or saline 30 min before the procedure. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + B6-SJL WT male mice aged 80–90 days were administered, by oral gavage, 400 μl of ethanol solution (5 g/kg as previously reported [29] corresponding to 32% v/v in saline) or saline 30 min before the procedure. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + Animals were then manually positioned in the weight-drop apparatus as previously described [31], with the impactor site localized in the center of the right parietal bone. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + Animals were then manually positioned in the weight-drop apparatus as previously described [31], with the impactor site localized in the center of the right parietal bone. A 333 g impactor from a 3 cm height was used to deliver the TBI + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + A 333 g impactor from a 3 cm height was used to deliver the TBI., Animals were then manually positioned in the weight-drop apparatus as previously described [31], with the impactor site localized in the center of the right parietal bone. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + B6-SJL WT male mice aged 80–90 days were administered, by oral gavage, 400 μl of ethanol solution (5 g/kg as previously reported [29] corresponding to 32% v/v in saline) or saline 30 min before the procedure. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + 11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + PMID: 28806641 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567576917303016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001017 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + Balasubramanian N, Jadhav G, Sakharkar AJ. Repeated mild traumatic brain injuries perturb the mitochondrial biogenesis via DNA methylation in the hippocampus of ratMitochondrion. 2021 Nov;61:11-24. doi: 10.1016\/j.mito.2021.09.001. Epub 2021 Sep 9. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + 359 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + Balasubramanian N,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + 11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + 225 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + 200–225 g, 75–80 days old, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + 75–80 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + 75–80 days + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + 200 - 225 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + ATP Assay, MeDIP-sequencing and analysis, qRT-PCR, STM-SOL method, Western blot, Immunoprecipitation assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + Analyte assay,Nucleic acid assay,Immunoassay,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + ATP bioluminescence assay,Immunoprecipitation assay,qRT-PCR,MeDIP-SEQ assay,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mito.2021.09.001 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + Experiments were performed on adult male Wistar rats (75–80 days old; 200–225 g). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + Experiments were performed on adult male Wistar rats (75–80 days old; 200–225 g). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + Experiments were performed on adult male Wistar rats (75–80 days old; 200–225 g). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + metal weight of 200 g was dropped upright from 30 cm distance + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + The metal weight of 200 g was dropped upright from 30 cm distance on the rat head through the guide tube by releasing the Allen key. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + Closed Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + List of primers used for mRNA expression analysis using reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)., List of promoter primers used for methylated DNA immunoprecipitation followed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (MeDIP-qPCR) analysis. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + 11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + PMID:34508891 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567724921001197 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001018 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + Feng Y, Gao Y, Wang T, Tao L, Qiu S, Zhao X. A longitudinal study of the mechanical properties of injured brain tissue in a mouse modelJ Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2017 Jul;71:407-415. doi: 10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2017.04.008. Epub 2017 Apr 8. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + custom-built weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + 360 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + Feng Y,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + Hematoxylin and Eosin, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + Immunofluorescence staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.04.008 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + A total of 30 adult male ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + A total of 30 adult male ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice were used in this study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + Laboratory Animal Center of Soochow University (SPF grade, certificate No. SCXK 2002–0008) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + A total of 30 adult male ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice were used in this study., All mice were raised and obtained from the Laboratory Animal Center of Soochow University (SPF grade, certificate No. SCXK 2002–0008). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + custom-built weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + After removing the bone flap, we used a custom-built weight drop device to introduce TBI on the left hemisphere of the mouse (Fig. 1b). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + 40-g weight from 20 cm height onto a 4-mm diameter footplate resting on the Dura + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + The impact was produced by a free-fall of a 40-g weight from 20 cm height onto a 4-mm diameter footplate resting on the Dura. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + PMID:28412646 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001019 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616117301625 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + McCarty AK, Zhang L, Hansen S, Jackson WJ, Bentil SA. Viscoelastic properties of shock wave exposed brain tissue subjected to unconfined compression experimentsJ Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2019 Dec;100:103380. doi: 10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2019.103380. Epub 2019 Aug 8. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + Crosman Pumpmaster Classic air pistol + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + 361 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + McCarty AK,et al.,2019 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + six-month-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + 6 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + 6 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + stress relaxation, Fractional Zener constitutive model, fractional Zener constitutive model, unconfined compression test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + Stress relaxation, Fractional Zener constitutive model, unconfined compression test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103380 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + Viscoelastic properties of shock wave exposed brain tissue subjected to unconfined compression experiments + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + Crosman Pumpmaster Classic air pistol + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + Pressure history of the reflected shock wave over time, The reflected shock wave pressure after 10 pumps was 103.5–124.2 kPa (15–18 psi), which was measured using a pressure transducer (PCB 113B24). The pressure transducer was placed 5 mm away from the end of the pipe + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + The reflected shock wave pressure after 10 pumps was 103.5–124.2 kPa (15–18 psi), which was measured using a pressure transducer (PCB 113B24). The pressure transducer was placed 5 mm away from the end of the pipe. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + Shock wave + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + PMID:31446342 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616119303558 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001020 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Chang CZ, Wu SC, Kwan AL, Lin CL. Magnesium Lithospermate B Implicates 3'-5'-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate\/Protein Kinase A Pathway and N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptors in an Experimental Traumatic Brain InjuryWorld Neurosurg. 2015 Oct;84(4):954-63. doi: 10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.05.075. Epub 2015 Jun 18. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + 362 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Chang CZ,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + 300–400 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + 300 - 400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Modified limb-placing, Western Blot, modified Voetsch neuroscore + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Western blot,modified Limb placing test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2015.05.075 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (BioLasco Taiwan Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan; authorized by Charles River Lab) weighing 300–400 g were enrolled. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (BioLasco Taiwan Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan; authorized by Charles River Lab) weighing 300–400 g were enrolled. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + BioLasco Taiwan Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan; authorized by Charles River Lab + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (BioLasco Taiwan Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan; authorized by Charles River Lab) weighing 300–400 g were enrolled. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + Animals underwent TBI induced by a weight-drop device (n = 36) and the sham (n = 9). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + A cylindrical metallic rod, 450 g in weight, was offset through a 2-m metal tube right onto the disk. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + A cylindrical metallic rod, 450 g in weight, was offset through a 2-m metal tube right onto the disk. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + In the precondition group, administration of MLB was initiated 1 week before TBI, and 24 hour later as reversal. 0.1μL of H-89(HCl)2 was intrathecally administered in both the MLB treatment and precondition plus TBI groups (n = 5). Clear cerebrospinal fluid was drawn with a No. 30 Terumo needle (Distributor of Terumo Medical Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan) into the cranial cervical junction 96 hour after the impact. The same procedure was performed to obtain cerebrospinal fluid samples from the foramen magnum in a stereotaxic frame (Stoelting) at the end of this study., The animals were randomly assigned into 5 groups (9 rats in each group): Group 1, sham group; Group 2, animals received TBI only; Group 3, TBI plus treatment with vehicle; and Groups 4 and 5, animals had 10 mg/kg/day of MLB treatment and were preconditioned plus TBI, respectively. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + PMID:26093361 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878875015007470 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001021 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + Özay R, Türkoğlu E, Gürer B, Dolgun H, Evirgen O, Ergüder Bİ, Hayırlı N, Gürses L, Şekerci Z, Yılmaz ER. Does Decorin Protect Neuronal Tissue via Its Antioxidant and Antiinflammatory Activity from Traumatic Brain Injury? An Experimental StudyWorld Neurosurg. 2017 Jan;97:407-415. doi: 10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.09.115. Epub 2016 Oct 12. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + 364 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + Özay R,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + 250–300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + 250 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + Histology, Lowry method, Tissue Caspase-3, Tissue Glutathione Peroxidase, Tissue Malondialdehyde, Tissue Superoxide Dismutase + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + Biochemical assay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + Glutathione peroxidase analysis,Superoxide dismutase analysis,Histology,Malondialdehyde analysis,Lowry protein assay,Tissue caspase-3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2016.09.115 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + The study was conducted on 24 male Wistar albino rats weighing 250–300 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + The study was conducted on 24 male Wistar albino rats weighing 250–300 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + Wistar Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + The study was conducted on 24 male Wistar albino rats weighing 250–300 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + A lead object weighing 450 g was allowed to fall freely from a height of 70 cm through a copper tube on to the metal disc over the skulls of the rats. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + A lead object weighing 450 g was allowed to fall freely from a height of 70 cm through a copper tube on to the metal disc over the skulls of the rats. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + DC (n = 6); similar to group 2, but the rats received a single intraperitoneal (IP) dose of 0.01 mg/kg DC immediately after TBI., MP (n = 6); similar to group 2, but rats received a single IP dose of 30 mg/kg MP (Prednol [Mustafa Nevzat, Istanbul, Turkey]) immediately after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + modified by Ucar et al.,32 was applied for head trauma + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + A moderate brain-injury model, described by Marmarou et al.,31 and modified by Ucar et al.,32 was applied for head trauma. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + PMID:27744073 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187887501630972X + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001022 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + Özay R, Türkoğlu ME, Gürer B, Dolgun H, Evirgen O, Ergüder Bİ, Hayırlı N, Gürses L, Şekerci Z. The Protective Effect of Omeprazole Against Traumatic Brain Injury: An Experimental StudyWorld Neurosurg. 2017 Aug;104:634-643. doi: 10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.04.136. Epub 2017 Apr 28. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + 365 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + Özay R,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + 250–300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + 250 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + Histology, Lowry method, Tissue Caspase-3 Analysis, Tissue Glutathione Peroxidase Analysis, Tissue Malondialdehyde Analysis, Tissue Nitric Oxide Analysis, Tissue Superoxide Dismutase Analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + Biochemical assay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + Glutathione peroxidase analysis,Superoxide dismutase analysis,Histology,Nitric oxide analysis,Malondialdehyde analysis,Lowry protein assay,Tissue caspase-3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2017.04.136 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + The study was conducted on 24 male Wistar Albino rats weighing 250–300 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + The study was conducted on 24 male Wistar Albino rats weighing 250–300 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + Wistar Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + The study was conducted on 24 male Wistar Albino rats weighing 250–300 g. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + A lead object weighing 450 g was allowed to fall freely from a height of 70 cm through a copper tube on to the metal disc over the skulls of the rats. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + A lead object weighing 450 g was allowed to fall freely from a height of 70 cm through a copper tube on to the metal disc over the skulls of the rats. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + Group 3: OM (n = 6); similar to group 2, but the rats received a single intraperitoneal (IP) dose of 20 mg/kg OM (Loseprol, Pharmada, Turkey) immediately after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + modified by Ucar et al.,20 was applied for head trauma + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + A moderate brain injury model, described by Marmarou et al.,19 and modified by Ucar et al.,20 was applied for head trauma. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + PMID:28461271 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878875017306447 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001023 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Kuru Bektaşoğlu P, Koyuncuoğlu T, Demir D, Sucu G, Akakın D, Peker Eyüboğlu İ, Yüksel M, Çelikoğlu E, Yeğen BÇ, Gürer B. Neuroprotective Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Secondary Brain Injury After Traumatic Brain Injury in a Rat ModelWorld Neurosurg. 2021 Sep;153:e392-e402. doi: 10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.06.117. Epub 2021 Jul 2. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + 367 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Kuru Bektaşoğlu P,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + 250–400 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + 250 - 400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Chemiluminescence, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Histology, Modified Bederson Neurologic Examination Score, Myeloperoxidase Activity, Novel object recognition test, Y-Maze Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Behavioral test,Immunoassay,Luminescence method,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Y Maze test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Histology,Chemiluminescence + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2021.06.117 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Thirty-five adult male Wistar albino rats weighing 250–400 g were used. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Thirty-five adult male Wistar albino rats weighing 250–400 g were used. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Wistar Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Thirty-five adult male Wistar albino rats weighing 250–400 g were used. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + metallic disc with a 10-mm diameter and 3-mm thickness was fixed in the midline to the cranium using bone wax between the 2 cranial sutures. A lead object weighing 300 g was allowed to fall freely from a height of 1 meter through a copper tube on to the metal disc over the skull of the rat at the midline point where the disc was placed. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + . A metallic disc with a 10-mm diameter and 3-mm thickness was fixed in the midline to the cranium using bone wax between the 2 cranial sutures. A lead object weighing 300 g was allowed to fall freely from a height of 1 meter through a copper tube on to the metal disc over the skull of the rat at the midline point where the disc was placed. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + CA group (n = 9): rats received a single intraperitoneal dose of CA (100 mg/kg [Shandong Sigmachemical Co. Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong, China]) immediately after TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Modified Marmarou's Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + Marmarou et al.31 and modified by Ucar et al.,32 was applied for head trauma + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + A mild TBI model, described by Marmarou et al.31 and modified by Ucar et al.,32 was applied for head trauma. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + PMID:34224887 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187887502100958X + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001024 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + Tommy T, Islam AA, Hatta M, Bukhari A, Nasrullah, Adhimarta W, Aminuddin, Zainuddin AA. Effect of folinic acid on serum homocysteine, TNFα, IL-10, and HMGB1 gene expression in head injury modelAnn Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Apr 6;65:102273. doi: 10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.102273. eCollection 2021 May. PMC8100092 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 368 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + Tommy T,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 150–250g, 2 months-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 2 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 2 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 150 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), level of homocysteine, qRT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + Immunoassay,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + qRT-PCR,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102273 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + Effect of folinic acid on serum homocysteine, TNFα, IL-10, and HMGB1 gene expression in head injury model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + A mass of 20 g was dropped from 20 cm height, with the tube as a tract, enabling the impact was directly on the exposed area. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + A mass of 20 g was dropped from 20 cm height, with the tube as a tract, enabling the impact was directly on the exposed area. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + Folinic acid obtained as calcium folinate (PT. Kalbe Farma, Jakarta, Indonesia), diluted with normal saline solution into 10 mg/ml concentration, administered as i.p. injection, 1 h after head injury at a dose of 60 mg/m2 [28]. Rat's body surface area was calculated from weight using Meeh formula (total body surface area = kW2/3, with k as a constant of 9,83 [29]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + Modified Marmarou's Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + 150 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + PMID:33996045 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2049080121002235 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001025 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Ho MH, Yen CH, Hsieh TH, Kao TJ, Chiu JY, Chiang YH, Hoffer BJ, Chang WC, Chou SY. CCL5 via GPX1 activation protects hippocampal memory function after mild traumatic brain injuryRedox Biol. 2021 Oct;46:102067. doi: 10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102067. Epub 2021 Jul 17. PMC8327355 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + 369 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Ho MH,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + 3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + 2-3-month-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + 2 - 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + 2 - 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Barnes Maze test, Basal ROS production, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC), GSH/GSSG activity assay, Hypoxyprobe staining, Neurological Severity Score, NADPH oxidase activity, Novel object recognition test, Western blot, cell viability analysis, Immunocytochemistry, memory recall test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Biochemical assay,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Cellular assay,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Novel object recognition (NOR),Hypoxyprobe staining,Reactive oxygen species assay,Fluoro-Jade C staining (FJC),Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Memory recall test,Glutathione activity,Western blot,Cell viability assay,Immunocytochemistry,Barnes maze test,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2021.102067 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Male C57BL/6 mice from the National Laboratory Animal Center were used for wild type. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Male C57BL/6 mice from the National Laboratory Animal Center were used for wild type. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Jackson Laboratory, Stock No: 005090, National Laboratory Animal Center + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + CCL5−/−, KO, WT, wild type + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Briefly, 2-3-month-old WT or CCL5−/− mice were anesthetized with 2.5% isoflurane (Panion & BF biotech Inc.) with an air flow rate of 1.5–2.0 L/min for 2 min 15 s; subsequently the mouse was placed chest down on a foam sponge (dimensions: 18.5 cm × 7 cm × 8 cm) to support the head and body underneath a weight-drop device., For the rescue study, CCL5 KO mice were treated with NAC (A7250, Sigma-Aldrich) or recombinant mouse CCL5/RANTES Protein (478-MR-025, R&D system)., Male C57BL/6 mice from the National Laboratory Animal Center were used for wild type. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + Briefly, 2-3-month-old WT or CCL5−/− mice were anesthetized with 2.5% isoflurane (Panion & BF biotech Inc.) with an air flow rate of 1.5–2.0 L/min for 2 min 15 s; subsequently the mouse was placed chest down on a foam sponge (dimensions: 18.5 cm × 7 cm × 8 cm) to support the head and body underneath a weight-drop device., Male B6.129P2-Ccl5tm1Hso/J originally from Jackson Laboratories were bred and maintained by the National Laboratory Animal Center (CCL5-−/−mice, Jackson Laboratory, Stock No: 005090)., Male C57BL/6 mice from the National Laboratory Animal Center were used for wild type. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + weight-drop device consisted of a hollow cylindrical tube (inner diameter 1.2 cm, 100 cm height) placed approximately 2 cm vertically over the center of the mouse's head. A 30 g weight (1 cm diameter, 5.2 cm height) was released down the tube + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + The weight-drop device consisted of a hollow cylindrical tube (inner diameter 1.2 cm, 100 cm height) placed approximately 2 cm vertically over the center of the mouse's head. A 30 g weight (1 cm diameter, 5.2 cm height) was released down the tube and struck the mouse to induce mild TBI. Sham animals were anesthetized only. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + 2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + PMID:34315111 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213231721002263 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001026 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Barot J, Saxena B. Therapeutic effects of eugenol in a rat model of traumatic brain injury: A behavioral, biochemical, and histological studyJ Tradit Complement Med. 2021 Jan 8;11(4):318-327. doi: 10.1016\/j.jtcme.2021.01.003. eCollection 2021 Jul. PMC8240337 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 370 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Barot J,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 450 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 350–450 g, 8–12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 8 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 8 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 350 - 450 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Histology, Image analysis, Morris Water Maze (MWM) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Behavioral test,Imaging,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Morris water maze (MWM),Image analysis,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.01.003 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Therapeutic effects of eugenol in a rat model of traumatic brain injury: A behavioral, biochemical, and histological study + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Male and female animals were housed separately. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Sprague Dawley rats (350–450 g of both sexes) (8–12 weeks of age) were used in the present study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Sprague Dawley rats (350–450 g of both sexes) (8–12 weeks of age) were used in the present study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 450 g was securely attached to a string and allowed to fall freely from a height of 100 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + A weight mass of 450 g was securely attached to a string and allowed to fall freely from a height of 100 cm through a tube on to the metallic cap placed over the skull of the rat. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Group III: Eugenol (25 mg/kg) + TBI (eugenol (25 mg/kg/day, p.o., seven days) + TBI injury)., Group IV: Eugenol (50 mg/kg) + TBI (eugenol (50 mg/kg/day, p.o., seven days) + TBI injury)., Group V: Eugenol (100 mg/kg) + TBI (eugenol (100 mg/kg/day, p.o. seven days) + TBI injury). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + Modified Marmarou's Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + PMID:34195026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2225411021000067 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001027 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Xie LL, Li SS, Fan YJ, Qi MM, Li ZZ. Melatonin alleviates traumatic brain injury-induced anxiety-like behaviors in rats: Roles of the protein kinase A\/cAMP-response element binding signaling pathwayExp Ther Med. 2022 Apr;23(4):248. doi: 10.3892\/etm.2022.11173. Epub 2022 Jan 31. PMC8855513 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + 371 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Xie LL,et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + 300-350 g, 6-8 weeks, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + 300 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Elevated plus maze, Immunofluorescence, open field test, TUNEL staining, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Histology,Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Open field test,Immunofluorescence staining,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Elevated plus maze test,Western blot,TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11173 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Melatonin alleviates traumatic brain injury‑induced anxiety‑like behaviors in rats: Roles of the protein kinase A/cAMP‑response element binding signaling pathway + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=228; 6-8 weeks +old) weighing 300-350 g were purchased from Liaoning Changsheng +Biotechnology and raised at a stable temperature (25±1˚C), humidity +(50±10%) in a 12-h light/12-h dark alternating cycle with free +access to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=228; 6-8 weeks +old) weighing 300-350 g were purchased from Liaoning Changsheng +Biotechnology and raised at a stable temperature (25±1˚C), humidity +(50±10%) in a 12-h light/12-h dark alternating cycle with free +access to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Liaoning Changsheng +Biotechnology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=228; 6-8 weeks +old) weighing 300-350 g were purchased from Liaoning Changsheng +Biotechnology and raised at a stable temperature (25±1˚C), humidity +(50±10%) in a 12-h light/12-h dark alternating cycle with free +access to food and water. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + iron weight (20 g) was +freely dropped from a height of 25 cm, A stainless-steel planchet (diameter, +6-mm; thickness, 5-mm) was attached + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + A stainless-steel planchet (diameter, +6-mm; thickness, 5-mm) was attached., An iron weight (20 g) was +freely dropped from a height of 25 cm, and the dura was kept +intact. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Melatonin (10 mg/kg) was +dissolved in saline containing 2% ethanol was administered via i.p +immediately after TBI (25). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + Number of rats in each experimental +phase and experimental group. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + PMID:35261620 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/etm.2022.11173 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001028 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Cui C, Zhang D, Sun K, Li H, Xu L, Lin G, Guo Y, Hu J, Chen J, Nong L, Cai Y, Yu D, Yang W, Wang P, Sun Y. Propofol maintains Th17\/Treg cell balance and reduces inflammation in rats with traumatic brain injury via the miR‑145‑3p\/NFATc2\/NF‑κB axisInt J Mol Med. 2021 Jul;48(1):135. doi: 10.3892\/ijmm.2021.4968. Epub 2021 May 26. PMC8148094 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 372 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Cui C,et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 16 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 12-16 weeks, 360-400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 12 - 16 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 12 - 16 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 360 - 400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Brain water content, Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, Histology, qRT-PCR, TUNEL staining, Western blot, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Cerebral edema assessment,Molecular assay,Histology,Transcription assay,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + qRT-PCR,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Histology,Brain water content,Luciferase assay,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4968 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (aged 12-16 weeks, +weighing 360-400 g), purchased from the Animal Research Center of +Wuhan University [SCXK (Hubei) 2019-0004, Wuhan, Hubei, China] were +kept at the experimental site for at least one week prior to +surgery. SD rats were raised in separate cages in an animal room at +23-25°C and 50-60% humidity under a 12-h light/dark cycle, and +given normal clean feed. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (aged 12-16 weeks, +weighing 360-400 g), purchased from the Animal Research Center of +Wuhan University [SCXK (Hubei) 2019-0004, Wuhan, Hubei, China] were +kept at the experimental site for at least one week prior to +surgery. SD rats were raised in separate cages in an animal room at +23-25°C and 50-60% humidity under a 12-h light/dark cycle, and +given normal clean feed. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Animal Research Center of +Wuhan University [SCXK (Hubei) 2019-0004, Wuhan, Hubei, China] + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (aged 12-16 weeks, +weighing 360-400 g), purchased from the Animal Research Center of +Wuhan University [SCXK (Hubei) 2019-0004, Wuhan, Hubei, China] were +kept at the experimental site for at least one week prior to +surgery. SD rats were raised in separate cages in an animal room at +23-25°C and 50-60% humidity under a 12-h light/dark cycle, and +given normal clean feed. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 40-g weight-drop from a height of 25 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Moderate TBI was caused in the rats by a +40-g weight-drop from a height of 25 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + Primer sequences for RT-qPCR. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + 360 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + PMID:34036377 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4968 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001029 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000103 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000103 + 2022-10-11T05:37:45.8449Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000103 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0008028 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000103 + Neuroanatomical assessment + + + + ns1:BIKO_000103 + A quantitative or qualitative assessment of a neuroanatomical property of an experimental subject. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + Wang YC, Cui Y, Cui JZ, Sun LQ, Cui CM, Zhang HA, Zhu HX, Li R, Tian YX, Gao JL. Neuroprotective effects of brilliant blue G on the brain following traumatic brain injury in ratsMol Med Rep. 2015 Aug;12(2):2149-54. doi: 10.3892\/mmr.2015.3607. Epub 2015 Apr 14. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + modified weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + 373 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + Wang YC,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + 320 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + 280–320 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + 280 - 320 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot, Brain water content, Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunoassay,Immunofluorescence staining,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Western blot,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3607 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + A total of 150 Sprague-Dawley rats (obtained from +Hebei United University Experimental Animal Center, Tangshan, +Hebei, China), weighing 280–320 g, were housed under a 12 h +light/dark cycle with regular food and water supply. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + Hebei United University Experimental Animal Center, Tangshan, +Hebei, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + A total of 150 Sprague-Dawley rats (obtained from +Hebei United University Experimental Animal Center, Tangshan, +Hebei, China), weighing 280–320 g, were housed under a 12 h +light/dark cycle with regular food and water supply. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + A rat model of TBI was established by using a +modified weight-drop device, as described previously by Marmarou +et al (36). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + he rats were +placed on a foam mattress underneath a weight-drop device in which +a 450 g weight falls freely through a vertical tube from 1.5 m onto +the steel disk + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + Following this, the rats were +placed on a foam mattress underneath a weight-drop device in which +a 450 g weight falls freely through a vertical tube from 1.5 m onto +the steel disk. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + BBG was dissolved in 2% sucrose water and stored at 4°C. +Following the brain injuries, BBG was immediately administered to +the rats of the BBG group following TBI as a tail vein injection +(50 mg/kg body weight). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + PMID:25873133 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2015.3607 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001030 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + Cui CM, Gao JL, Cui Y, Sun LQ, Wang YC, Wang KJ, Li R, Tian YX, Cui JZ. Chloroquine exerts neuroprotection following traumatic brain injury via suppression of inflammation and neuronal autophagic deathMol Med Rep. 2015 Aug;12(2):2323-8. doi: 10.3892\/mmr.2015.3611. Epub 2015 Apr 15. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + modified weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + 374 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + Cui CM,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + 320 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + 280–320 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + 280 - 320 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Western blot, Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Brain water content,Morris water maze (MWM),Western blot,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3611 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + A total of 150 Sprague-Dawley rats (obtained from +Hebei United University Experimental Animal Center, Tangshan, +Hebei, China), weighing 280–320 g, were housed under a 12 h +light/dark cycle with regular food and water supply. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + Hebei United University Experimental Animal Center, Tangshan, +Hebei, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + A total of 150 Sprague-Dawley rats (obtained from +Hebei United University Experimental Animal Center, Tangshan, +Hebei, China), weighing 280–320 g, were housed under a 12 h +light/dark cycle with regular food and water supply. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + The rat model of TBI was induced using a modified +weight-drop device, as described previously by Marmarou et +al (19). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + rats were placed on a foam mattress +underneath a weight-drop device, where a 450 g weight falls freely +though a vertical tube from 1.5 m onto the steel disk + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + Following this, rats were placed on a foam mattress +underneath a weight-drop device, where a 450 g weight falls freely +though a vertical tube from 1.5 m onto the steel disk. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + CQ was dissolved in 0.9% saline and stored at 4°C. Following +brain injury in the CQ group, CQ was immediately administered as an +intraperitoneal injection (3 mg/kg body weight). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + PMID:25872478 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2015.3611 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001031 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Song Q, Xie D, Pan S, Xu W. Rapamycin protects neurons from brain contusion‑induced inflammatory reaction via modulation of microglial activationMol Med Rep. 2015 Nov;12(5):7203-10. doi: 10.3892\/mmr.2015.4407. Epub 2015 Oct 1. PMC4626160 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + 375 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Song Q,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + 28–32 g, 6–8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + 28 - 32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Nissl staining, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Grip test, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Western blot, Grip test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Immunofluorescence staining,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Grip strength test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Nissl staining,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Western blot,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4407 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Male imprinting control region (ICR) mice +(Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, +China) aged between 6–8 weeks, weighing 28–32 g were used in the +present study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Male imprinting control region (ICR) mice +(Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, +China) aged between 6–8 weeks, weighing 28–32 g were used in the +present study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + (Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, +China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Male imprinting control region (ICR) mice +(Experiment Animal Centre of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, +China) aged between 6–8 weeks, weighing 28–32 g were used in the +present study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + a 200 g weight was released and dropped onto the skull from a +height of 2.5 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Subsequent to locating the left anterior frontal area (1.5 +mm lateral to the midline on the mid-coronal plane) as the impact +area, a 200 g weight was released and dropped onto the skull from a +height of 2.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + In the TBI + rapamycin +group, rapamycin (cat. no. S1039; Selleckchem, Munich, Germany) was +dissolved in DMSO (50 mg/ml; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and +injected into the mice 30 min after TBI (2 mg/kg; i.p.). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + Grip test scoring system., Neurological severity score scoring +system. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + PMID:26458361 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2015.4407 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001032 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Zhang MH, Zhou XM, Cui JZ, Wang KJ, Feng Y, Zhang HA. Neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine on traumatic brain injury: Involvement of neuronal apoptosis and HSP70 expressionMol Med Rep. 2018 Jun;17(6):8079-8086. doi: 10.3892\/mmr.2018.8898. Epub 2018 Apr 19. PMC5983975 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + modified weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + 376 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Zhang MH,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + 375 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + 350–375 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + 350 - 375 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Western blot, Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Brain water content,Morris water maze (MWM),Western blot,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8898 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + A total of 90 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, +weighing 350–375 g (Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., +Ltd., Beijing, China) were used in the present study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + A total of 90 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, +weighing 350–375 g (Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., +Ltd., Beijing, China) were used in the present study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., +Ltd., Beijing, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + A total of 90 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, +weighing 350–375 g (Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., +Ltd., Beijing, China) were used in the present study. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + The rat model of TBI was induced using a modified +weight-drop device, as described previously by Marmarou et +al (25). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + weight of 450 g was dropped through a vertical tube +from a height of 1.5 m onto the steel disc + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Animals were then relocated onto a +foam mattress placed underneath a weight-drop device and, following +relocation, a weight of 450 g was dropped through a vertical tube +from a height of 1.5 m onto the steel disc. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Animals in the TBI + Dex group received an intravenous +injection of Dex (15 µg/kg; Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., +Lianyungang, China) at 1 h post-TBI. The particular dose of Dex +used in the present study was selected according to a previous +study (26). Each group was then +further divided into 3 subgroups (n=10/subgroup); each subgroup of +rats was sacrificed at either 12, 24 or 72 h post-TBI, +respectively. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + PMID:29693126 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2018.8898 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001033 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + Shochat A, Abookasis D. Differential effects of early postinjury treatment with neuroprotective drugs in a mouse model using diffuse reflectance spectroscopyNeurophotonics. 2015 Jan;2(1):015001. doi: 10.1117\/1.NPh.2.1.015001. Epub 2015 Jan 22. PMC4478758 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + 377 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + Shochat A,et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + 40g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + 40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + Spectrometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + Analytical technique + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + Spectrometer + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + https://doi.org/10.1117/1.NPh.2.1.015001 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + Sixty male mice (ICR, ∼12∼12< math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" >< mrow >< mo form="prefix" >∼< /mo >< mn >12< /mn >< /mrow >< /math > weeks, ∼40g∼40  g< math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" >< mrow >< mo form="prefix" >∼< /mo >< mn >40< /mn >< mtext > < /mtext >< mtext > < /mtext >< mi mathvariant="normal" >g< /mi >< /mrow >< /math >) were obtained from Harlan Laboratories (Jerusalem, Israel). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + Sixty male mice (ICR, ∼12∼12< math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" >< mrow >< mo form="prefix" >∼< /mo >< mn >12< /mn >< /mrow >< /math > weeks, ∼40g∼40  g< math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" >< mrow >< mo form="prefix" >∼< /mo >< mn >40< /mn >< mtext > < /mtext >< mtext > < /mtext >< mi mathvariant="normal" >g< /mi >< /mrow >< /math >) were obtained from Harlan Laboratories (Jerusalem, Israel). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + Harlan Laboratories (Jerusalem, Israel) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + Sixty male mice (ICR, ∼12∼12< math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" >< mrow >< mo form="prefix" >∼< /mo >< mn >12< /mn >< /mrow >< /math > weeks, ∼40g∼40  g< math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" >< mrow >< mo form="prefix" >∼< /mo >< mn >40< /mn >< mtext > < /mtext >< mtext > < /mtext >< mi mathvariant="normal" >g< /mi >< /mrow >< /math >) were obtained from Harlan Laboratories (Jerusalem, Israel). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + Baseline reflectance measurements were obtained prior to induction of injury for 10 min, after which the mouse was removed and placed under the weight-drop device orthogonal to the point of impact. Immediately postinjury, the mouse was returned to the optical setup and the effects of injury were studied 20 min post-trauma. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + a 50 g weight cylindrical metallic rod falling from ∼90cm∼90  cm< math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" >< mrow >< mo >∼< /mo >< mn >90< /mn >< mtext > < /mtext >< mtext > < /mtext >< mi >cm< /mi >< /mrow >< /math > height along a metal tube striking the mouse’s head + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + For the induction of brain injury, we used the weight-drop technique by a 50 g weight cylindrical metallic rod falling from ∼90cm∼90  cm< math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" >< mrow >< mo >∼< /mo >< mn >90< /mn >< mtext > < /mtext >< mtext > < /mtext >< mi >cm< /mi >< /mrow >< /math > height along a metal tube striking the mouse’s head. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + PMID:26157981 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/neurophotonics/volume-2/issue-01/015001/Differential-effects-of-early-postinjury-treatment-with-neuroprotective-drugs-in/10.1117/1.NPh.2.1.015001.full?SSO=1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001034 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Zhào H, Liu Y, Zeng J, Li D, Huang Y. Troxerutin cerebroprotein hydrolysate injection ameliorates neurovascular injury induced by traumatic brain injury - via endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway regulationInt J Neurosci. 2018 Dec;128(12):1118-1127. doi: 10.1080\/00207454.2018.1486828. Epub 2018 Nov 4. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 378 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Zhào H,et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 280 ± 20 g, 10 weeks, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 260 - 300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Hematoxylin and Eosin, Nissl staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Nissl staining,Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + https://doi.org/10.1080/00207454.2018.1486828 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Ten-week-old adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 10 weeks (280 ± 20 g) were purchased from the Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Ten-week-old adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 10 weeks (280 ± 20 g) were purchased from the Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + Ten-week-old adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 10 weeks (280 ± 20 g) were purchased from the Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 40 g weight dropped from a height of 25 cm along a stainless steel string, which translated into 1000×g/cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + TBI was induced by a 40 g weight dropped from a height of 25 cm along a stainless steel string, which translated into 1000×g/cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + The number of animals used in each experiment is 18. As TCH was confirmed to be effective when administered daily for five consecutive days before experimental intervention [23Machawal L, Kumar A. Possible involvement of nitric oxide mechanism in the neuroprotective effect of rutin against immobilization stress induced anxiety like behaviour, oxidative damage in mice. Pharmacol Rep. 2014;66:15–21. [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]], we chose a dose of 1.5 ml/kg TCH intraperitoneal injection each day before TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + 260 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + PMID:29883225 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00207454.2018.1486828 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001035 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + Ezaki J, Shimada R, Shibuya M, Kibayashi K. Hippocampal neuronal degeneration in the traumatic brain injury mouse: non-trivial effect of scalp incisionNeurol Res. 2016 Nov;38(11):994-1002. doi: 10.1080\/01616412.2016.1228746. Epub 2016 Sep 10. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + 379 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + Ezaki J,et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + 22–30 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + 22 - 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + Hematoxylin and Eosin, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Nissl staining, Timm stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + Severity score,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + Nissl staining,Timm stain,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2016.1228746 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + The outline of the present experiment is described in Fig. 1. Briefly, all experiments were performed on adult male mice of the C57BL/6J strain (n = 31 in total), weighing 22–30 g, purchased from Charles River Laboratories Japan, Inc. (Kanagawa, Japan). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + The outline of the present experiment is described in Fig. 1. Briefly, all experiments were performed on adult male mice of the C57BL/6J strain (n = 31 in total), weighing 22–30 g, purchased from Charles River Laboratories Japan, Inc. (Kanagawa, Japan). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + Charles River Laboratories Japan, Inc. (Kanagawa, Japan) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + The outline of the present experiment is described in Fig. 1. Briefly, all experiments were performed on adult male mice of the C57BL/6J strain (n = 31 in total), weighing 22–30 g, purchased from Charles River Laboratories Japan, Inc. (Kanagawa, Japan). + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + The weight fell freely using gravity onto the metallic helmet. In this study, we used an impact force of 800 g cm, achieved by dropping a 17 g weight from a height of 47 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + The weight fell freely using gravity onto the metallic helmet. In this study, we used an impact force of 800 g cm, achieved by dropping a 17 g weight from a height of 47 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + Modified Marmarou's Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + 22 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + PMID:27615406 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01616412.2016.1228746 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001036 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + Guo D, Li D, Li J, Li Y, Hu X, Guan F, Yang B. Topical application of the hematostatic agent Surgiflo® could attenuate brain injury in experimental TBI miceNeurol Res. 2017 Sep;39(9):830-836. doi: 10.1080\/01616412.2017.1330815. Epub 2017 May 31. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + modified weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + 380 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + Guo D,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + 10–12 weeks, 20–26 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + 20 - 26 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + Hematoxylin and Eosin, Nissl staining, Serum S100β, Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + Severity score,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + Nissl staining,Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Hematoxylin and eosin stain + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2017.1330815 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + All experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice (10–12 weeks old, 20–26 g, n = 60) that were obtained from the Experimental Animal Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + All experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice (10–12 weeks old, 20–26 g, n = 60) that were obtained from the Experimental Animal Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + Experimental Animal Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + All experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice (10–12 weeks old, 20–26 g, n = 60) that were obtained from the Experimental Animal Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + TBI was induced under chloral hydrate anesthesia using a modified weight drop device as previously described [25Cheng T, Yang B, Li D, et al. Wharton’s Jelly transplantation improves neurologic function in a rat model of traumatic brain injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2015;35:641–649.10.1007/s10571-015-0159-9 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + Then, a 10 g steel rod with a flat end (3 mm in diameter) was released from a height of 10 cm onto a piston resting on the dura + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + Then, a 10 g steel rod with a flat end (3 mm in diameter) was released from a height of 10 cm onto a piston resting on the dura. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + Surgiflo® Hemostatic Matrix Kit was prepared immediately prior to use according to the Instructions for Use [24Surgiflo hemostatic matrix kit [package insert]. Somerville, nj: Ethicon; 2012.  [Google Scholar]]. In brief, thrombin was dissolved in a pre-filled syringe containing sterile saline, and the thrombin solution was then placed in a liquid transfer cup. An empty syringe supplied with the product was used to aspirate the thrombin solution from the liquid transfer cup to the syringe. Mixing of thrombin solution and Surgiflo was accomplished by connecting the supplied syringe pre-filled with gelatin matrix to the syringe containing the thrombin solution via a luer connector and forcing syringe contents back and forth into each syringe 10 times. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + Modified Marmarou's Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + 20 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + PMID:28566060 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01616412.2017.1330815 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001037 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Chandran R, Sharma A, Bhomia M, Balakathiresan NS, Knollmann-Ritschel BE, Maheshwari RK. Differential expression of microRNAs in the brains of mice subjected to increasing grade of mild traumatic brain injuryBrain Inj. 2017;31(1):106-119. doi: 10.1080\/02699052.2016.1213420. Epub 2016 Nov 7. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + 381 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Chandran R,et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + > 28 g, 10–12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + 10 - 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + 28 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Bioanalyzer DIANA mirPath, Histology, RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, Hematoxylin and Eosin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Histology,Molecular assay,Transcription assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + qRT-PCR,MiRNA expression profiling,Histology,Hematoxylin and eosin stain,RT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2016.1213420 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Male C57BL/6J mice (10–12 weeks of age, > 28 g; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME) were used. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Male C57BL/6J mice (10–12 weeks of age, > 28 g; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME) were used. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Male C57BL/6J mice (10–12 weeks of age, > 28 g; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME) were used. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + custom-built weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + MTBI in mice was induced using a custom-built weight drop device as described earlier [13Sharma A, Chandran R, Barry ES, Bhomia M, Hutchison MA, Balakathiresan NS, Grunberg NE, Maheshwari RK. Identification of serum microRNA signatures for diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury in a closed head injury model. PLoS One 2014;9:e112019. [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Metal rods of two different weights (246 g and 333 g) were used in the weight drop device. Each rod was allowed to fall from two different heights (2 cm and 3 cm) from above the mouse skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Metal rods of two different weights (246 g and 333 g) were used in the weight drop device. Each rod was allowed to fall from two different heights (2 cm and 3 cm) from above the mouse skull to create four different severity grades of injury: 246 g/2 cm; 246 g/3 cm; 333 g/2 cm and 333 g/3 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + different severity grades of injury: 246 g/2 cm; 246 g/3 cm; 333 g/2 cm and 333 g/3 cm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + Metal rods of two different weights (246 g and 333 g) were used in the weight drop device. Each rod was allowed to fall from two different heights (2 cm and 3 cm) from above the mouse skull to create four different severity grades of injury: 246 g/2 cm; 246 g/3 cm; 333 g/2 cm and 333 g/3 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + PMID:27819514 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02699052.2016.1213420 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001038 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + Borges N, Cerejo A, Santos A, Sarmento A, Azevedo I. Changes in rat cerebral mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity after brain traumaInt J Neurosci. 2004 Feb;114(2):217-27. doi: 10.1080\/00207450490249419. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + 385 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + Borges N,et al.,2004 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + 360 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + 340–360 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + 340 - 360 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + electron microscopy, morphometric evaluation + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + Microscopy + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + Electron microscope + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + https://doi.org/10.1080/00207450490249419 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + 450-g weight was dropped through aPlexiglas tube from a 2 m height + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + The animal was placed in a proneposition in a foam bed, and a 450-g weight was dropped through aPlexiglas tube from a 2 m height. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + 340 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + PMID:14702209 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00207450490249419?needAccess=true + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001039 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000104 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000104 + 2022-10-11T05:38:02.359181Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000104 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0008035 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000104 + Physiological assessment + + + + ns1:BIKO_000104 + A quantitative assessment of a physiological property of an experimental subject. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + Mirzayan MJ, Klinge PM, Ude S, Hotop A, Samii M, Brinker T, Korkmaz Z, Meyer GJ, Knapp WH, Samii A. Modified calcium accumulation after controlled cortical impact under cyclosporin A treatment: a 45Ca autoradiographic studyNeurol Res. 2008 Jun;30(5):476-9. doi: 10.1179\/174313208X276916. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + 386 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + Mirzayan MJ,et al.,2008 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + 280–350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + 280 - 350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, Blood–brain barrier permeability, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Histology, RT-PCR, Western blot, Brain water content, limulus amebocyte lysate assay, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Rotarod test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + Sequencing assay,Cerebral edema assessment,Neuroanatomical assessment,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + 16s ribosomal gene sequencing assay,RT-PCR,Rotarod test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Histology,Blood brain barrier permeability,Western blot,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + https://doi.org/10.1179/174313208X276916 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + Modified calcium accumulation after controlledcortical impact under cyclosporin A treatment: a45Ca autoradiographic study + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + using round-tip impounderwith a 5 mm diameter at a velocity of 3.7 m/s and apenetration depth of 2 mm + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + In brief, defined energy issubjected to the exposed dura covered brain over theleft parietotemporal cortex using round-tip impounderwith a 5 mm diameter at a velocity of 3.7 m/s and apenetration depth of 2 mm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + CsA (10 mg/kg body weight) or 0.9% saline solutionwas administered 15 mintues post-injury with a sub-sequent i.p. injection 24 hours following injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + PMID:18953738 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1179/174313208X276916 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001040 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Hu ZG, Wang HD, Jin W, Yin HX. Ketogenic diet reduces cytochrome c release and cellular apoptosis following traumatic brain injury in juvenile ratsAnn Clin Lab Sci. 2009 Winter;39(1):76-83. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + 389 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Hu ZG,et al.,2009 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + 140 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + 130-140 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + 130 - 140 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Beta-hydroxybutyrate level, Brainwater content, Cytochrome c assay, TUNEL staining, glucose measurement + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Biochemical assay,Cerebral edema assessment,Enzyme measurement,Cytotoxicity assay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Glucose levels,Beta-hydroxybutyrate level,Brain water content,Cytochrome c assay,TUNEL staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + KD + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Experiment protocol. Eighty rats were randomly assigned to 4groups: (a) rats that were given normal diet, but did notsustain TBI (SHAM-ND; n = 20); (b) rats that were given theKD, but did not sustain TBI (SHAM-KD; n = 20); (c) ratsthat were given normal diet after they sustained TBI (TBI-ND; n = 20); (d) rats that were given the KD after theysustained TBI (TBI-KD; n = 20). The experimental KDresembled the classic 4:1 diet used clinically (fat 69.8%,protein 17.4%, and carbohydrate 0%) [30]. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Ketogenic Diet Reduces Cytochrome c Release and CellularApoptosis Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Juvenile Rats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Cortical contusion trauma was made by dropping asteel rod (weight 40 g) from a height of 10 cm onto a circularfootplate resting on the exposed dura., TBI was produced using the Feeney weight-drop model andthe animals were fed either normal diet (ND) or KD. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + Ketogenic Diet Reduces Cytochrome c Release and CellularApoptosis Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Juvenile Rats + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + 130 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + PMID:19201746 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + http://www.annclinlabsci.org/content/39/1/76.full.pdf + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001041 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + Ma Y, Liu T, Fu J, Fu S, Hu C, Sun B, Fan X, Zhu J. Lactobacillus acidophilus Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Mice with Traumatic Brain InjuryJ Nutr. 2019 Sep 1;149(9):1543-1552. doi: 10.1093\/jn\/nxz105. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 390 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + Ma Y,et al.,2019 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 24 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 18–24 g, 8–9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 8 - 9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 8 - 9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 18 - 24 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, Blood–brain barrier permeability, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Histology, RT-PCR, Western blot, Brain water content, limulus amebocyte lysate assay, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Rotarod test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + Sequencing assay,Cerebral edema assessment,Neuroanatomical assessment,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 16s ribosomal gene sequencing assay,RT-PCR,Rotarod test,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Histology,Blood brain barrier permeability,Western blot,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz105 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + 18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + PMID:31174208 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/149/9/1543/5512579 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001042 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + Förstner P, Knöll B. Interference of neuronal activity-mediated gene expression through serum response factor deletion enhances mortality and hyperactivity after traumatic brain injuryFASEB J. 2020 Mar;34(3):3855-3873. doi: 10.1096\/fj.201902257RR. Epub 2020 Jan 12. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + 517 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + Förstner P,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + 14 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + 12-14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + 12 - 14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + 12 - 14 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Ladder walk, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), open field test, qRT-PCR, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Immunoassay,Severity score,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Open field test,qRT-PCR,Western blot,Neurological Severity Score (NSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201902257RR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + harboring the CreERT2 allele and one “floxed” and one wild-type Srf allele + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + No weight reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + PMID:31930559 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + https://faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1096/fj.201902257RR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001043 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + Lan YL, Wang X, Zou YJ, Xing JS, Lou JC, Zou S, Ma BB, Ding Y, Zhang B. Bazedoxifene protects cerebral autoregulation after traumatic brain injury and attenuates impairments in blood-brain barrier damage: involvement of anti-inflammatory pathways by blocking MAPK signalingInflamm Res. 2019 Apr;68(4):311-323. doi: 10.1007\/s00011-019-01217-z. Epub 2019 Jan 31. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 518 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + Lan YL,et al.,2019 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 230–280 g, 7 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 7 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 7 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 230 - 280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Foot fault test, Immunohistochemitry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), open field test, qRT-PCR, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Open field test,qRT-PCR,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Morris water maze (MWM),Foot fault test,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-019-01217-z + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 3 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + Modified Controlled cortical impact model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + The height of the dropping weight, i.e., the distance between the dropping weight and the cortical surface, was adjusted. (6) The impact depth of the attack was set to 1 mm, and the impact speed was set to 2 m/s. The other parameters were as follows: impact tip diameter, 3 mm; compression time, 85 ms. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + 230 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + PMID:30706110 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00011-019-01217-z + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001044 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + Lan YL, Wang X, Zou YJ, Xing JS, Lou JC, Zou S, Ma BB, Ding Y, Zhang B. Bazedoxifene protects cerebral autoregulation after traumatic brain injury and attenuates impairments in blood-brain barrier damage: involvement of anti-inflammatory pathways by blocking MAPK signalingInflamm Res. 2019 Apr;68(4):311-323. doi: 10.1007\/s00011-019-01217-z. Epub 2019 Jan 31. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 392 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + Lan YL,et al.,2019 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 230–280 g, 7 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 7 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 7 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 230 - 280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Foot fault test, Immunohistochemitry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), open field test, qRT-PCR, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + Cerebral edema assessment,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Immunoassay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Open field test,qRT-PCR,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Brain water content,Morris water maze (MWM),Foot fault test,Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-019-01217-z + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 3 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + Modified Weight-drop method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + The height of the dropping weight, i.e., the distance between the dropping weight and the cortical surface, was adjusted. (6) The impact depth of the attack was set to 1 mm, and the impact speed was set to 2 m/s. The other parameters were as follows: impact tip diameter, 3 mm; compression time, 85 ms. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + 230 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + PMID:30706110 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00011-019-01217-z + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001045 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + Luo ML, Pan L, Wang L, Wang HY, Li S, Long ZY, Zeng L, Liu Y. Transplantation of NSCs Promotes the Recovery of Cognitive Functions by Regulating Neurotransmitters in Rats with Traumatic Brain InjuryNeurochem Res. 2019 Dec;44(12):2765-2775. doi: 10.1007\/s11064-019-02897-z. Epub 2019 Nov 7. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + 393 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + Luo ML,et al.,2019 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + 12 weeks, 220–250 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + 12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + 220 - 250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + Histology, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Morris Water Maze (MWM) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + Behavioral test,Immunoassay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + Morris water maze (MWM),Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-019-02897-z + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + 220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + PMID:31701381 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11064-019-02897-z + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001046 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + Wang M, Luo L. An Effective NADPH Oxidase 2 Inhibitor Provides Neuroprotection and Improves Functional Outcomes in Animal Model of Traumatic Brain InjuryNeurochem Res. 2020 May;45(5):1097-1106. doi: 10.1007\/s11064-020-02987-3. Epub 2020 Feb 18. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + 394 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + Wang M,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + 25–30 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + 25 - 30 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + Evaluation scoring system, Evans blue extravasation, Malondialdehyde assay, Morris Water Maze (MWM), Western Blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + Behavioral test,Immunoassay,Biochemical assay,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + Western blot,Evans blue dye,Morris water maze (MWM),Malondialdehyde (MDA) assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-020-02987-3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + No strain reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + PMID:32072445 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11064-020-02987-3 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001047 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + Efendioglu M, Basaran R, Akca M, Ceman D, Demirtas C, Yildirim M. Combination Therapy of Gabapentin and N-Acetylcysteine Against Posttraumatic Epilepsy in RatsNeurochem Res. 2020 Aug;45(8):1802-1812. doi: 10.1007\/s11064-020-03042-x. Epub 2020 May 5. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + 395 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + Efendioglu M,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + 320 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + 280–320 g, adult, 3 months + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + 280 - 320 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + Rotarod test, Behavioral seizure scoring, video-EEG monitoring + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + Physiological assay,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + Behavioral testing,Rotarod test,Video electroencephalography (EEG) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-020-03042-x + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + PMID:32372158 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11064-020-03042-x + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001048 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + Praveen Rajneesh C, Lai CH, Chen SC, Hsieh TH, Chin HY, Peng CW. Improved voiding function by deep brain stimulation in traumatic brain-injured animals with bladder dysfunctionsInt Urol Nephrol. 2019 Jan;51(1):41-52. doi: 10.1007\/s11255-018-2028-1. Epub 2018 Nov 24. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + 396 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + Praveen Rajneesh C,et al.,2019 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + 320 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + 270, 320 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + 270 g, 320 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + Cystometric measurement, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), deep brain stimulation + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + Bladder function,Imaging,Electrical stimulation + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + Cystometric measurement,Deep brain stimulation,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-018-2028-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + A Plexiglas tube was then positioned vertically, and the lower end of the tube was centred on the rat skull vault between the bregma and lambdoid sutures. TBI was induced using a 450-g brass weight falling from different heights as 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.25 m through a vertical transparent plexiglass tube. Normal control (NC) and TBI rats underwent the same surgical procedures, but NC rats did not receive weight drop-induced TBI. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + 270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + PMID:30474784 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11255-018-2028-1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001049 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000105 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000105 + 2022-11-09T14:13:23.03551Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000105 + Parietal cortex + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + Namdar I, Feldman R, Glazer S, Meningher I, Shlobin NA, Rubovitch V, Bikovski L, Been E, Pick CG. Motor Effects of Minimal Traumatic Brain Injury in MiceJ Mol Neurosci. 2020 Mar;70(3):365-377. doi: 10.1007\/s12031-019-01422-9. Epub 2019 Dec 9. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + 397 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + Namdar I,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + 30–40 g, 6–8 weeks , adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + 6 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + 30 - 40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + open field test, CatWalk, Erasmus ladder, Grip strength, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Rotarod test, Treadmill, Running wheel + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + Immunofluorescence staining,Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + Grip strength test,Open field test,Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Rotarod test,Running wheel,Gait analysis,Treadmill test,Erasmus ladder + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-019-01422-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + PMID:31820347 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12031-019-01422-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001050 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + Fleishman MY, Yakusheva NY, Malofey YB, Tolstenok IV, Innokentiev AA. Effect of MGHPPGP Peptide Administered during the Post-Traumatic Period on Morphometric Parameters of the Neocortex and Hippocampus, Hepatocytes, and Epithelium of the Tongue and Small Intestine in RatsBull Exp Biol Med. 2020 Feb;168(4):521-524. doi: 10.1007\/s10517-020-04745-5. Epub 2020 Mar 9. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + 398 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + Fleishman MY,et al.,2020 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + 350-400 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + 350 - 400 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + Histology, silver nitrate + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + Silver staining,Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-020-04745-5 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + PMID:32152848 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10517-020-04745-5.pdf + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001051 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + Xia D, Zhai X, Wang H, Chen Z, Fu C, Zhu M. Alpha lipoic acid inhibits oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by modulating of Nrf2 signalling pathway after traumatic brain injuryJ Cell Mol Med. 2019 Jun;23(6):4088-4096. doi: 10.1111\/jcmm.14296. Epub 2019 Apr 15. PMC6533507 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + 399 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + Xia D,et al.,2019 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + 250-280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + 250 - 280 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Malondialdehyde content, Neurological severity test, qRT-PCR, Superoxide Dismutase, TUNNEL, Western blot analysis, glutathione peroxidase activity + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + Biochemical assay,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay,Histology,Immunoassay,Severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Neurological Severity Score (NSS),Superoxide dismutase analysis,qRT-PCR,Glutathione levels,Western blot,TUNEL staining,Malondialdehyde (MDA) assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.14296 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + About 2-cm midline scalp incision was made to expose the skull. Then, a 6-mm hole was performed over the left parietal cortex; the centre of the hole was 2.5 mm lateral to the midline on the mid-coronal plane. During the operation, the dura should not be broken. After that, a 40-g weight was released onto the dura from 25 cm high.16 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + PMID:30989783 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcmm.14296 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001052 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + Belardo C, Iannotta M, Boccella S, Rubino RC, Ricciardi F, Infantino R, Pieretti G, Stella L, Paino S, Marabese I, Maisto R, Luongo L, Maione S, Guida F. Oral Cannabidiol Prevents Allodynia and Neurological Dysfunctions in a Mouse Model of Mild Traumatic Brain InjuryFront Pharmacol. 2019 Apr 16;10:352. doi: 10.3389\/fphar.2019.00352. eCollection 2019. PMC6476923 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + Belardo C,et al.,2019 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + 20 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + 18–20 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + 18 - 20 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + Microdialysis in vivo, open field test, Resident-Intruder, Rotarod test, Tactile Allodynia, Tail Suspension Test, Three Chambers Sociability + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + Open field test,Tail suspension test,Rotarod test,Three chambers sociability test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00352 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + custom-built weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + 30 μl, oil 10% + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + dropping a cylindrical metal weight (50 g), through a vertical metal guide tube from a height of 20 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + No age reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + 18 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + PMID:31040777 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2019.00352/full + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001053 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + Ampo K, Suzuki A, Konishi H, Kiyama H. Induction of pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) family members in neurons after traumatic brain injuryJ Neurotrauma. 2009 Oct;26(10):1683-93. doi: 10.1089\/neu.2008.0847. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + 401 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + Ampo K,et al.,2009 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + 50–200 g, 7–8 weeks, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + 7 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + 7 - 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + 150 - 200 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), In-situ hybridization, RT-PCR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + Nucleic acid assay,Immunofluorescence staining,Molecular assay + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC),RT-PCR,In-situ hybridization + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2008.0847 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + Induction of Pancreatitis-Associated Protein (PAP)Family Members in Neurons after Traumatic Brain Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + primary article + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + In brief, a 20-gweight was dropped on the intact dura from a height of6.5 cm. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + Induction of Pancreatitis-Associated Protein (PAP)Family Members in Neurons after Traumatic Brain Injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + 7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + 150 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + PMID:19351265 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/neu.2008.0847?casa_token=KdWt773E0f0AAAAA:uAilP6gUcpCCfaZf0RU6Y48Spcf9-E4qNek5nZncMEyoDrinXZxJuh2EPpIhP_acgiQoIWJtBAj0 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001054 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + Whalen MJ, Clark RS, Dixon CE, Robichaud P, Marion DW, Vagni V, Graham SH, Virag L, Hasko G, Stachlewitz R, Szabo C, Kochanek PM.Reduction of cognitive and motor deficits after traumatic brain injury in mice deficient in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1999 Aug;19(8):835-42. doi: 10.1097/00004647-199908000-00002. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + 648 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + Whalen MJ. et al.,1999 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + 38 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + 12 to 13 weeks, 23 to 38 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + 23 to 38 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + Lesion volume, MWM, beam balance, immunohistochemically + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + Lesion volume, Morris water maze (MWM), beam balance, immunohistochemically + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + https://doi.org/10.1097/00004647-199908000-00002 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + C57BL/6 x SV129 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + C57BL x SV129 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + Bimba + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + Monee, IL, U.S.A. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + 23 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + PMID:10458590 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + 10.17504/protocols.io.5qpvobozbl4o/v1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1097/00004647-199908000-00002 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001055 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + Song H, Konan LM, Cui J, Johnson CE, Langenderfer M, Grant D, Ndam T, Simonyi A, White T, Demirci U, Mott DR, Schwer D, Hubler GK, Cernak I, DePalma RG, Gu Z.Ultrastructural brain abnormalities and associated behavioral changes in mice after low-intensity blast exposure.Behav Brain Res. 2018 Jul 16;347:148-157. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.007. Epub 2018 Mar 8. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + 600 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + Song H. et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + 2 months old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + Barnes maze, Simple Neuroassessment of Asymmetric impairment (SNAP), TEM, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, light-dark box, myelin sheath defects, nesting behavior tests, open-field + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + Barnes maze, Simple Neuroassessment of Asymmetric impairment (SNAP), TEM, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, light-dark box, myelin sheath defects, nesting behavior tests, open-field + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.007 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + Missouri open-field blast model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + 10.17504/protocols.io.yxmvm2kwog3p/v1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + PMID:29526786 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + 10.17504/protocols.io.5qpvobozbl4o/v1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001056 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166432818300718 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + Chen M, Song H, Cui J, Johnson CE, Hubler GK, DePalma RG, Gu Z, Xia W.Proteomic Profiling of Mouse Brains Exposed to Blast-Induced Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Reveals Changes in Axonal Proteins and Phosphorylated Tau.J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;66(2):751-773. doi: 10.3233/JAD-180726. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + 601 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + Chen M. et al.,2018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + 8.7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + Global and phospho-proteomes, Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), Simple Neuroassessment of Asymmetric imPairment (SNAP) test, silver staining, KEGG pathway analysis, STRING network + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + Global and phospho-proteomes, Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), Simple Neuroassessment of Asymmetric imPairment (SNAP) test, silver staining, KEGG pathway analysis, STRING network + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-180726 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + Low-intensity blast model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + 8.7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + 10.17504/protocols.io.yxmvm2kwog3p/v1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + PMID:30347620 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + 10.17504/protocols.io.5qpvobozbl4o/v1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-alzheimers-disease/jad180726 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001057 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + Rutter B, Song H, DePalma RG, Hubler G, Cui J, Gu Z, Johnson CE.Shock Wave Physics as Related to Primary Non-Impact Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury.Mil Med. 2021 Jan 25;186(Suppl 1):601-609. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usaa290. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + 602 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + Rutter B. et al.,2021 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + 8 to 9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa290 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + Missouri's open-air blast model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + PMID:33499439 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + 10.17504/protocols.io.5qpvobozbl4o/v1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + https://academic.oup.com/milmed/article/186/Supplement_1/601/6119413 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001058 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + Siedhoff HR, Chen S, Balderrama A, Sun GY, Koopmans B, DePalma RG, Cui J, Gu Z.Long-Term Effects of Low-Intensity Blast Non-Inertial Brain Injury on Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice: Home-Cage Monitoring Assessments.Neurotrauma Rep. 2022 Jan 11;3(1):27-38. doi: 10.1089/neur.2021.0063. eCollection 2022. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + 603 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + Siedhoff HR. et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + 8.7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + 2 months old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + Home-cage monitoring, LightSpot test, Spontaneous behaviors, Anxiety-like behaviors + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + Home-cage monitoring, LightSpot test, Spontaneous behaviors, Anxiety-like behaviors + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neur.2021.0063 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + Open-field blast model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + 8.7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + 10.17504/protocols.io.yxmvm2kwog3p/v1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + PMID:35141713 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + 10.17504/protocols.io.5qpvobozbl4o/v1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neur.2021.0063 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001059 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + Chen S, Siedhoff HR, Zhang H, Liu P, Balderrama A, Li R, Johnson C, Greenlief CM, Koopmans B, Hoffman T, DePalma RG, Li DP, Cui J, Gu Z.Low-intensity blast induces acute glutamatergic hyperexcitability in mouse hippocampus leading to long-term learning deficits and altered expression of proteins involved in synaptic plasticity and serine protease inhibitors.Neurobiol Dis. 2022 Apr;165:105634. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105634. Epub 2022 Jan 22. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + 604 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + Chen S. et al.,2022 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + 8.7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + 2 months old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + mEPSCs, home-cage monitoring (HCM), CognitionWall, label-free quantitative proteomics, STRING Protein interaction + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + mEPSCs, home-cage monitoring (HCM), CognitionWall, label-free quantitative proteomics, STRING Protein interaction + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105634 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + Open-field blast model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + ns1:BIKO_000024 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + 8.7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + 10.17504/protocols.io.yxmvm2kwog3p/v1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + PMID:35077822 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + 10.17504/protocols.io.5qpvobozbl4o/v1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996122000250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001060 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + Zhai PP, Xu LH, Yang JJ, Jiang ZL, Zhao GW, Sun L, Wang GH, Li X.Reduction of inflammatory responses by L-serine treatment leads to neuroprotection in mice after traumatic brain injury.Neuropharmacology. 2015 Aug;95:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.02.026. Epub 2015 Mar 5. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + 605 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + Zhai PP. et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + 15–17 day-old, 25–30 g, 7–8 week-old, 8–9 g, Adult, young + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + TTC staining method, Current responses, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Nissl staining, brain water content, immunofluorescent staining, neurological severity score, wet and dry weight method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + TTC staining method, Current responses, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Nissl staining, brain water content, immunofluorescent staining, neurological severity score, wet and dry weight method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.02.026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + 2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + PMID:25747604 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028390815000829 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001061 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + Lu XY, Wang HD, Xu JG, Ding K, Li T.Deletion of Nrf2 Exacerbates Oxidative Stress After Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice.Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2015 Jul;35(5):713-21. doi: 10.1007/s10571-015-0167-9. Epub 2015 Mar 3. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + 606 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + Lu XY. et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + 28g–32g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + Brain water content, Immunohistochemical Staining, SOD Activity and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Level, Western Blot analysis, assay kits, neurological severity score, wet/dry weight ratio method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + Brain water content, Immunohistochemical Staining, SOD Activity and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Level, Western Blot analysis, assay kits, neurological severity score, wet/dry weight ratio method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-015-0167-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + PMID:25732597 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10571-015-0167-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001062 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + Osier ND, Korpon JR, Dixon CE.Controlled Cortical Impact Model.In: Kobeissy FH, editor. Brain Neurotrauma: Molecular, Neuropsychological, and Rehabilitation Aspects. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press/Taylor & Francis; 2015. Chapter 16. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + 607 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + Osier ND. et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + 320 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + 280–320 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + no doi + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + PMID:26269887 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007/978-1-4939-3816-2_11 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001063 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + Lee J, Costantini TW, D'Mello R, Eliceiri BP, Coimbra R, Bansal V.Altering leukocyte recruitment following traumatic brain injury with ghrelin therapy.J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2014 Nov;77(5):709-715. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000000445. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + 608 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + Lee J. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + Twelve-week-old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + Flow Cytometry, Immunohistochemistry, hematoxylin and eosin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + Flow Cytometry, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), hematoxylin and eosin + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000000445 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + PMID:25494422 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + https://vpn-1.ucsd.edu/+CSCO+0075676763663A2F2F77626865616E79662E796A6A2E70627A++/jtrauma/fulltext/2014/11000/altering_leukocyte_recruitment_following_traumatic.10.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001064 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + Surgucheva I, He S, Rich MC, Sharma R, Ninkina NN, Stahel PF, Surguchov A.Role of synucleins in traumatic brain injury — an experimental in vitro and in vivo study in mice.Mol Cell Neurosci. 2014 Nov;63:114-23. doi: 10.1016/j.mcn.2014.10.005. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + 609 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + Surgucheva I. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + 35 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + 10–12 weeks of age, 25–35 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + Western blotting, immunofluorescence, length of neurites + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + Western blotting, immunofluorescence, length of neurites + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2014.10.005 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + PMID:25447944 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1044743114001705 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001065 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + Li YH, Zhang CL, Zhang XY, Zhou HX, Meng LL.Effects of mild induced hypothermia on hippocampal connexin 43 and glutamate transporter 1 expression following traumatic brain injury in rats.Mol Med Rep. 2015 Mar;11(3):1991-6. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2928. Epub 2014 Nov 12. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + 610 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + Li YH. et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + 16 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + 375 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + 12–16 weeks, 350–375 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + Immunohistochemical analysis, Morris +water maze, Western blot analysis, brain water +content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Morris water maze, Western blot analysis, brain water +content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2928 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + Modified Marmarou's Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + PMID:25394735 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2014.2928 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001066 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + Romine J, Gao X, Chen J.Controlled cortical impact model for traumatic brain injury.J Vis Exp. 2014 Aug 5;(90):e51781. doi: 10.3791/51781. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + 611 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + Romine J. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + https://doi.org/10.3791/51781 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + PMID:25145417 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + https://www.jove.com/v/51781/controlled-cortical-impact-model-for-traumatic-brain-injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001067 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + Lv Q, Lan W, Sun W, Ye R, Fan X, Ma M, Yin Q, Jiang Y, Xu G, Dai J, Guo R, Liu X.Intranasal nerve growth factor attenuates tau phosphorylation in brain after traumatic brain injury in rats.J Neurol Sci. 2014 Oct 15;345(1-2):48-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.06.037. Epub 2014 Jun 24. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + 612 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + Lv Q. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + 310 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + 280–310 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Quantity real-time-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, Immunohistochemical staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Quantity real-time-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, Immunohistochemical staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2014.06.037 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + PMID:25128470 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + https://vpn-1.ucsd.edu/+CSCO+0075676763663A2F2F6A6A6A2E7761662D77626865616E792E70627A++/article/S0022-510X(14)00407-9/fulltext + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001068 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + Mencl S, Hennig N, Hopp S, Schuhmann MK, Albert-Weissenberger C, Sirén AL, Kleinschnitz C.FTY720 does not protect from traumatic brain injury in mice despite reducing posttraumatic inflammation.J Neuroimmunol. 2014 Sep 15;274(1-2):125-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.07.010. Epub 2014 Jul 22. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + 613 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + Mencl S. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + Evans Blue dye, Immunocytochemistry, Lesion volumes, flow cytometry, neurological severity score, real-time PCR, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling, wet weight-dry weight + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + Evans Blue dye, Immunocytochemistry, Lesion volumes, flow cytometry, neurological severity score, real-time PCR, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling, wet weight-dry weight + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + https://doi.org/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + Weight drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + PMID:25081505 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + https://www.jni-journal.com/article/S0165-5728(14)00225-2/fulltext + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001069 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + Liu Y, Liu Z, Li X, Luo B, Xiong J, Gan W, Jiang M, Zhang Z, Schluesener HJ, Zhang Z.Accumulation of connective tissue growth factor+ cells during the early phase of rat traumatic brain injury.Diagn Pathol. 2014 Jul 10;9:141. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-141. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + 614 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + Liu Y. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + 9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + 350–400 g, 8–9 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + Immunohistochemistry + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + Immunohistochemistry + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-1596-9-141 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + Lewis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + Lewis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + PMID:25012526 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + https://diagnosticpathology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-1596-9-141 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001070 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + Ding K, Wang H, Xu J, Lu X, Zhang L, Zhu L.Melatonin reduced microglial activation and alleviated neuroinflammation induced neuron degeneration in experimental traumatic brain injury: Possible involvement of mTOR pathway.Neurochem Int. 2014 Oct;76:23-31. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.06.015. Epub 2014 Jul 1. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + 615 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + Ding K. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + 28–32 g, 6–8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + Brain water content, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence staining, Nissl staining, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick 3′-end labeling (TUNEL), Western blot analysis, neurological severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + Brain water content, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence staining, Nissl staining, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick 3′-end labeling (TUNEL), Western blot analysis, neurological severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2014.06.015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + PMID:24995391 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197018614001545 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001071 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + Liu Y, Liu Z, Li X, Luo B, Xiong J, Gan W, Jiang M, Zhang Z, Schluesener HJ, Zhang Z.Accumulation of connective tissue growth factor+ cells during the early phase of rat traumatic brain injury.Diagn Pathol. 2014 Jul 10;9:141. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-141. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + 616 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + Liu Y. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + 8–12 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + Immunohistochemistry, electrophysiological recordings + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + Immunohistochemistry, electrophysiological recordings + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2014.3343 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + ns1:BIKO_000029 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + PMID:24927383 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + https://vpn-1.ucsd.edu/+CSCO+0075676763663A2F2F6A6A6A2E7976726F72656763686F2E70627A++/doi/10.1089/neu.2014.3343 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001072 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + Schreiber S, Lin R, Haim L, Baratz-Goldstien R, Rubovitch V, Vaisman N, Pick CG.Enriched environment improves the cognitive effects from traumatic brain injury in mice.Behav Brain Res. 2014 Sep 1;271:59-64. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.05.060. Epub 2014 Jun 4. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + concussive head trauma device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + 617 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + Schreiber S. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + 35 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + 30–35 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + Elevated Plus maze test, Novel Object Recognition task, Y maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + Elevated Plus maze test, Novel Object Recognition task, Y maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2014.05.060 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + PMID:24906196 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166432814003635 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001073 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + Ghadiri T, Sharifzadeh M, Khodagholi F, Modarres Mousavi SM, Hassanzadeh G, Zarrindast MR, Gorji A.A novel traumatic brain injury model for induction of mild brain injury in rats.J Neurosci Methods. 2014 Aug 15;233:18-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.05.035. Epub 2014 Jun 4. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + stereotaxic coupled weight drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + 618 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + Ghadiri T. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + 230–300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + Nissl and TTC stained, Nissl staining, lesion volume, modified Neurologic Severity Score, open field behavioral test, western blot analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + Nissl and TTC stained, Nissl staining, lesion volume, modified Neurologic Severity Score, open field behavioral test, western blot analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.05.035 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + 230 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + PMID:24906055 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165027014002039 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001074 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + Lama S, Auer RN, Tyson R, Gallagher CN, Tomanek B, Sutherland GR.Lactate storm marks cerebral metabolism following brain trauma.J Biol Chem. 2014 Jul 18;289(29):20200-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.570978. Epub 2014 May 21. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + 619 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + Lama S. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + 250–300 g, 280 ± 70 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + Spectroscopy, NMR spectra, High Resolution MR Spectroscopy, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + Spectroscopy, NMR spectra, High Resolution MR Spectroscopy, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.570978 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + PMID:24849602 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(20)47669-0/fulltext + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001075 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + Yang T, Kong B, Gu JW, Kuang YQ, Cheng L, Yang WT, Xia X, Shu HF.Anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative roles of quercetin after traumatic brain injury.Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2014 Aug;34(6):797-804. doi: 10.1007/s10571-014-0070-9. Epub 2014 May 21. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + 620 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + Yang T. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + 250–300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + Catalase (CAT) Assay, Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) Activity, Morris water maze (MWM), Superoxide dismutase analysis, Terminal Dexynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT)-Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) Assay, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) Levels, Western Blot, Colorimetric kit + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + Catalase (CAT) Assay, Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) Activity, Morris water maze (MWM), Superoxide dismutase analysis, Terminal Dexynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT)-Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) Assay, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) Levels, Western Blot, Colorimetric kit + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-014-0070-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + ns1:BIKO_000033 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + PMID:24846663 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10571-014-0070-9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001076 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + Eakin K, Baratz-Goldstein R, Pick CG, Zindel O, Balaban CD, Hoffer ME, Lockwood M, Miller J, Hoffer BJ.Efficacy of N-acetyl cysteine in traumatic brain injury.PLoS One. 2014 Apr 16;9(4):e90617. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090617. eCollection 2014. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + fluid-percussion injury (FPI) device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + 621 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + Eakin K. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + 30–40 g weight, 350 and 400 grams, 6–8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + Morris water maze (MWM), Hidden Platform, Probe Trial, Visible Platform, Novel object recognition test, Y-Maze Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + Morris water maze (MWM), Hidden Platform, Probe Trial, Visible Platform, Novel object recognition test, Y-Maze Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090617 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + mouse, rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + ICR, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + ICR, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + ns1:BIKO_000026 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + PMID:24740427 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0090617 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001077 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + Cui QJ, Wang LY, Wei ZX, Qu WS.Continual naringin treatment benefits the recovery of traumatic brain injury in rats through reducing oxidative and inflammatory alterations.Neurochem Res. 2014 Jul;39(7):1254-62. doi: 10.1007/s11064-014-1306-2. Epub 2014 Apr 13. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + 622 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + Cui QJ. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + 270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + 230–270 g, 3 months old, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + thiobarbituric acid method, Water content, Western Blot Analysis, modified Neurological Severity Score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + thiobarbituric acid method, Water content, Western Blot Analysis, modified Neurological Severity Score + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-014-1306-2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + Wistar + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + MASCIS Impactor II + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + New York University + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + New York University, USA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + 13 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + 230 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + PMID:24728904 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11064-014-1306-2 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001078 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + Liu SJ, Zou Y, Belegu V, Lv LY, Lin N, Wang TY, McDonald JW, Zhou X, Xia QJ, Wang TH.Co-grafting of neural stem cells with olfactory en sheathing cells promotes neuronal restoration in traumatic brain injury with an anti-inflammatory mechanism.J Neuroinflammation. 2014 Apr 2;11:66. doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-66. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + 623 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + Liu SJ. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + 220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + 200 ± 20 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + RT-PCR, TUNEL staining, immunoenzyme-linked immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + RT-PCR, TUNEL staining, immunoenzyme-linked immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-11-66 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + 180 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + PMID:24690089 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1742-2094-11-66 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001079 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + Zhu HT, Bian C, Yuan JC, Chu WH, Xiang X, Chen F, Wang CS, Feng H, Lin JK.Curcumin attenuates acute inflammatory injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in experimental traumatic brain injury.J Neuroinflammation. 2014 Mar 27;11:59. doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-59. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + 624 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + Zhu HT. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + 25 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + 20 to 22 g, 20 to 25 g, 8 to 10 weeks, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + Cytotoxicity assay, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Fluoro-Jade B, Immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, Western blot analysis, modified Neurological Severity Score, wet/dry method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + Cytotoxicity assay, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Fluoro-Jade B, Immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, Western blot analysis, modified Neurological Severity Score, wet/dry method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-11-59 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + Feeney's Weight-drop contusion model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + 20 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + PMID:24669820 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1742-2094-11-59 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001080 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + Xu J, Wang H, Ding K, Zhang L, Wang C, Li T, Wei W, Lu X.Luteolin provides neuroprotection in models of traumatic brain injury via the Nrf2-ARE pathway.Free Radic Biol Med. 2014 Jun;71:186-195. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.03.009. Epub 2014 Mar 15. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + 625 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + Xu J. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + 28~32 g, 6~8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + Grip Test, Brain Water Content, Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemical Staining, Mitochondrial MDA and SOD Content, Prussian Blue Staining, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Content, Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) Analysis, Western Blot, dihydroethidium (DHE) staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + Grip Test, Brain Water Content, Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemical Staining, Mitochondrial MDA and SOD Content, Prussian Blue Staining, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Content, Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) Analysis, Western Blot, dihydroethidium (DHE) staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4783602 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + Marmarou Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + PMID:24642087 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + https://www.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2018/4783602/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001081 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + Fu XM, Liu SJ, Dan QQ, Wang YP, Lin N, Lv LY, Zou Y, Liu S, Zhou X, Wang TH.Combined Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Olfactory Ensheathing Cell Transplantation Promotes Neural Repair Associated With CNTF Expression in Traumatic Brain-Injured Rats.Cell Transplant. 2015;24(8):1533-44. doi: 10.3727/096368914X679345. Epub 2014 Mar 7. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + 626 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + Fu XM. et al.,2015 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + 8.7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + 2-month-old, 220-250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + Neurological Severity Score (NSS), RT-PCR, Western blot, Immunohistochemistry analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + Neurological Severity Score (NSS), RT-PCR, Western blot, Immunohistochemistry analysis + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + https://doi.org/10.3727/096368914X679345 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + Modified Feeney Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + 8.7 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + 220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + PMID:24612678 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.3727/096368914X679345 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001082 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + Lu XY, Wang HD, Xu JG, Ding K, Li T.NADPH oxidase inhibition improves neurological outcome in experimental traumatic brain injury.Neurochem Int. 2014 Apr;69:14-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.02.006. Epub 2014 Feb 28. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + 627 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + Lu XY. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + 28 g–32 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + Evans blue (EB) extravasation, TUNEL assay, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + Evans blue (EB) extravasation, TUNEL assay, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2014.02.006 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + PMID:24589771 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197018614000369 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001083 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + Wang YC, Xia QJ, Ba YC, Wang TY, LiN N, Zou Y, Shang FF, Zhou XF, Wang TH, Fu XM, Qi JG.Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells promotes the recovery of neurological functions in rats with traumatic brain injury associated with downregulation of Bad.Cytotherapy. 2014 Jul;16(7):1000-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.12.009. Epub 2014 Feb 28. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + 628 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + Wang YC. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + 0.42 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + 2- to 3-d-old, 220–250 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), RT-PCR, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), RT-PCR, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.12.009 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + eCCI Model 6.3; Custom Design + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + Richmond, VA, USA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + Modified Feeney Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + 0.29 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + 220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + PMID:24582457 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + https://vpn-1.ucsd.edu/+CSCO+0075676763663A2F2F6A6A6A2E766670672D706C6762677572656E636C2E626574++/article/S1465-3249(13)00841-4/fulltext + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001084 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + Liu F, Liao F, Li W, Han Y, Liao D.Progesterone alters Nogo-A, GFAP and GAP-43 expression in a rat model of traumatic brain injury.Mol Med Rep. 2014 Apr;9(4):1225-31. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2014.1967. Epub 2014 Feb 19. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + 629 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + Liu F. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + 250–300 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + Immunocytochemistry + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + Immunocytochemistry + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.1967 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + PMID:24567055 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2014.1967 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001085 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + Lu XY, Wang HD, Xu JG, Ding K, Li T.Pretreatment with tert-butylhydroquinone attenuates cerebral oxidative stress in mice after traumatic brain injury.J Surg Res. 2014 May 1;188(1):206-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.1106. Epub 2013 Dec 1. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + 631 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + Lu XY. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + 32 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + 28–32 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.1106 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + PMID:24387843 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + https://www.journalofsurgicalresearch.com/article/S0022-4804(13)02138-0/fulltext + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001086 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + Rachmany L, Tweedie D, Rubovitch V, Yu QS, Li Y, Wang JY, Pick CG, Greig NH.Cognitive impairments accompanying rodent mild traumatic brain injury involve p53-dependent neuronal cell death and are ameliorated by the tetrahydrobenzothiazole PFT-α.PLoS One. 2013 Nov 28;8(11):e79837. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079837. eCollection 2013. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + 632 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + Rachmany L. et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + 40 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + 30–40 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Novel object recognition test, Y Maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Novel object recognition test, Y Maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079837 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + ICR + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + PMID:24312187 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0079837 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001087 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + Yu H, Watt H, Mohan S.The negative impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on bone in a mouse model.Brain Inj. 2014;28(2):244-51. doi: 10.3109/02699052.2013.859735. Epub 2013 Dec 2. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + 633 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + Yu H. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + Four-week old + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + micro-CT analysis, RT-PCR, three-point bending + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + micro-CT analysis, RT-PCR, three-point bending + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + https://doi.org/10.3109/02699052.2013.859735 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + 4 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + PMID:24295038 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + https://vpn-1.ucsd.edu/+CSCO+0075676763663A2F2F6A6A6A2E676E6171736261797661722E70627A++/doi/full/10.3109/02699052.2013.859735 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001088 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + Carballosa-Gonzalez MM, Vitores A, Hentall ID.Hindbrain raphe stimulation boosts cyclic adenosine monophosphate and signaling proteins in the injured spinal cord.Brain Res. 2014 Jan 16;1543:165-72. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.11.013. Epub 2013 Nov 16. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + 634 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + Carballosa-Gonzalez MM. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + 240 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + 220–240 g, Adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + Western blot, ELISA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + Western blot, ELISA + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2013.11.013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + NYU-MASCIS Impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + moderate bilateral contusion injury, moderate weight-drop injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + 220 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + PMID:24246733 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899313015084 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001089 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + Sun L, Gao J, Zhao M, Jing X, Cui Y, Xu X, Wang K, Zhang W, Cui J.The effects of BMSCs transplantation on autophagy by CX43 in the hippocampus following traumatic brain injury in rats.Neurol Sci. 2014 May;35(5):677-82. doi: 10.1007/s10072-013-1575-6. Epub 2013 Nov 13. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + 635 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + Sun L. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + 100–120 g, 350–375 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + Immunofluorescence staining, Transmission electron microscopy, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + Immunofluorescence staining, Transmission electron microscopy, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-013-1575-6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + male, female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + PMID:24221859 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001090 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10072-013-1575-6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + Sun LQ, Gao JL, Cui CM, Cui Y, Jing XB, Zhao MM, Wang YC, Tian YX, Wang KJ, Cui JZ.Astrocytic p-connexin 43 regulates neuronal autophagy in the hippocampus following traumatic brain injury in rats.Mol Med Rep. 2014 Jan;9(1):77-82. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1787. Epub 2013 Nov 11. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + weight-drop +device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + 636 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + Sun LQ. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + 16 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + 375 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + 12–16 weeks, 350–375 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + Immunofluorescence staining, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + Immunofluorescence staining, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2013.1787 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + Tangshan Railway Vehicle Co., Ltd. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + Tangshan, China + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + Modified Weight-drop model + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + 12 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + PMID:24220542 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2013.1787 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001091 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + Yang SH, Gangidine M, Pritts TA, Goodman MD, Lentsch AB.Interleukin 6 mediates neuroinflammation and motor coordination deficits after mild traumatic brain injury and brief hypoxia in mice.Shock. 2013 Dec;40(6):471-5. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000000037. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + weight drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + 638 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + Yang SH. et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + 10 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + 28 to 30 g, 8 to 10 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + Motor evaluation, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + Motor evaluation, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + https://doi.org/110.1097/SHK.0000000000000037 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + C57BL/6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + 28 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + PMID:24088994 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + https://journals.lww.com/shockjournal/fulltext/2013/12000/interleukin_6_mediates_neuroinflammation_and_motor.5.aspx + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001092 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + Khaksari M, Mahmmodi R, Shahrokhi N, Shabani M, Joukar S, Aqapour M.The Effects of Shilajit on Brain Edema, Intracranial Pressure and Neurologic Outcomes following the Traumatic Brain Injury in Rat.Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2013 Jul;16(7):858-64. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + 639 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + Khaksari M. et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + 250-300 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + Evans blue dye, Intracranial pressure assessment, Veterinary Coma Scale, blood - brain –barrier permeability, Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + Evans blue dye, Intracranial pressure assessment, Veterinary Coma Scale, blood - brain –barrier permeability, Brain water content + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + Albino + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + ns1:BIKO_000034 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + PMID:23997917 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3758058/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001093 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + Vermeij JD, Aslami H, Fluiter K, Roelofs JJ, van den Bergh WM, Juffermans NP, Schultz MJ, Van der Sluijs K, van de Beek D, van Westerloo DJ.Traumatic brain injury in rats induces lung injury and systemic immune suppression.J Neurotrauma. 2013 Dec 15;30(24):2073-9. doi: 10.1089/neu.2013.3060. Epub 2013 Oct 24. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + weight-drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + 640 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + Vermeij JD. et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + 294 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + 171–294 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + Histology, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + Histology, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2013.3060 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + PVG + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + PVG + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + 171 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + PMID:23937270 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + https://vpn-1.ucsd.edu/+CSCO+0075676763663A2F2F6A6A6A2E7976726F72656763686F2E70627A++/doi/10.1089/neu.2013.3060 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001094 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + Liu S, Zhang L, Wu Q, Wu Q, Wang T.Chemokine CCL2 induces apoptosis in cortex following traumatic brain injury.J Mol Neurosci. 2013 Nov;51(3):1021-9. doi: 10.1007/s12031-013-0091-8. Epub 2013 Aug 11. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + 641 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + Liu S. et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + 250 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + 200–250 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + Morris water maze (MWM), qRT-PCR, Immunofluorescence staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick 3-end labeling + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + Morris water maze (MWM), qRT-PCR, Immunofluorescence staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick 3-end labeling + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-013-0091-8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + Feeney’s weight-drop method + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + 200 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + PMID:23934512 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12031-013-0091-8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001095 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + Shin SS, Bales JW, Yan HQ, Kline AE, Wagner AK, Lyons-Weiler J, Dixon CE.The effect of environmental enrichment on substantia nigra gene expression after traumatic brain injury in rats.J Neurotrauma. 2013 Feb 15;30(4):259-70. doi: 10.1089/neu.2012.2462. Epub 2013 Feb 5. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + 642 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + Shin SS. et al.,2013 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + 325 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + 300–325 g, adult + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + Microarray, qRT-PCR, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + Microarray, qRT-PCR, Western blot + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2012.2462 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + 300 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + PMID:23094804 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + https://vpn-1.ucsd.edu/+CSCO+0075676763663A2F2F6A6A6A2E7976726F72656763686F2E70627A++/doi/10.1089/neu.2012.2462 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001096 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + Shin SS, Bray ER, Dixon CE.Effects of nicotine administration on striatal dopamine signaling after traumatic brain injury in rats.J Neurotrauma. 2012 Mar 20;29(5):843-50. doi: 10.1089/neu.2011.1966. Epub 2011 Oct 24. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + 643 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + Shin SS. et al.,2012 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + 350 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + 280–350 g + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + Microdialysis, Western blot, high-performance liquid chromatography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + Microdialysis, Western blot, high-performance liquid chromatography + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2011.1966 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + No sex reported + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + 280 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + PMID:21815786 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + https://vpn-1.ucsd.edu/+CSCO+0075676763663A2F2F6A6A6A2E7976726F72656763686F2E70627A++/doi/10.1089/neu.2011.1966 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001097 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + Shitaka Y, Tran HT, Bennett RE, Sanchez L, Levy MA, Dikranian K, Brody DL.Repetitive closed-skull traumatic brain injury in mice causes persistent multifocal axonal injury and microglial reactivity.J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2011 Jul;70(7):551-67. doi: 10.1097/NEN.0b013e31821f891f. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + 644 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + Shitaka Y. et al.,2011 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + 6 to 8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + Electron microscope, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Silver staining, Cresyl Violet Staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + Electron microscope, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Silver staining, Cresyl Violet Staining + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + https://doi.org/10.1097/NEN.0b013e31821f891f + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + electromagnetic stereotaxic impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + PMID:21666502 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + https://academic.oup.com/jnen/article/70/7/551/2917286 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001098 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + Sindelar B, Bailes J, Sherman S, Finan J, Stone J, Lee J, Ahmadian S, Zhou Y, Patel V, Smith D.Effect of Internal Jugular Vein Compression on Intracranial Hemorrhage in a Porcine Controlled Cortical Impact Model.J Neurotrauma. 2017 Apr 15;34(8):1703-1709. doi: 10.1089/neu.2016.4648. Epub 2016 Dec 16. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + Electromagnetic controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + 645 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + Sindelar B. et al.,2017 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + 36 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + 31.4 ± 3.8, 31.6 ± 5.4, 75.5 ± 1.6, 75 ± 0.9 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + Hematoxylin and Eosin, Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + Hematoxylin and Eosin, Histology + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2016.4648 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + female + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + pig + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + Yorkshire + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + Leica Impact One™ CCI device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + 26 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + PMID:27573472 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + https://vpn-1.ucsd.edu/+CSCO+0075676763663A2F2F6A6A6A2E7976726F72656763686F2E70627A++/doi/10.1089/neu.2016.4648 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001099 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + Song S, Kong X, Acosta S, Sava V, Borlongan C, Sanchez-Ramos J.Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor promotes behavioral recovery in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury.J Neurosci Res. 2016 May;94(5):409-23. doi: 10.1002/jnr.23714. Epub 2016 Jan 29. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + Pneumatic controlled cortical impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + 646 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + Song S. et al.,2016 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + radial arm water maze + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + Radial arm water maze + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.23714 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + C57BL/6J + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + C57BL + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + Pittsburgh Precision Instruments + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + ns1:BIKO_000025 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + PMID:26822127 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001100 + https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jnr.23714 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + Eakin K, Baratz-Goldstein R, Pick CG, Zindel O, Balaban CD, Hoffer ME, Lockwood M, Miller J, Hoffer BJ.Efficacy of N-acetyl cysteine in traumatic brain injury.PLoS One. 2014 Apr 16;9(4):e90617. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090617. eCollection 2014. + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + fluid-percussion injury (FPI) device + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + 647 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + Eakin K. et al.,2014 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + 8 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + 400 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + 30–40 g weight, 350 and 400 grams, 6–8 weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + Morris water maze (MWM), Hidden Platform, Novel object recognition (NOR), Y-Maze Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + Morris water maze (MWM), Hidden Platform, Novel object recognition (NOR), Y-Maze Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090617 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + male + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + mouse, rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + ICR, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + ICR, Sprague-Dawley + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + ns1:BIKO_000027 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + 6 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + 30 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + PMID:24740427 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0090617 + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + weeks + + + + ns1:BIKO_0001101 + grams + + + + ns1:BIKO_000117 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000117 + 2022-10-12T18:01:48.691286Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000117 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0008048 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000117 + Cavity size + + + + ns1:BIKO_000117 + A quantitative assessment of the size of a cavity created by a central nervous system injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000118 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000118 + 2022-10-12T18:02:15.820411Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000118 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0008029 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000118 + Lesion volume + + + + ns1:BIKO_000118 + A quantitative assessment of the volume of a lesion created by a central nervous system injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000119 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000119 + 2022-10-12T18:04:43.275888Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000119 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000348 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000119 + Activation + + + + ns1:BIKO_000119 + An increase in the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000120 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000120 + 2022-10-12T18:05:13.997441Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000120 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000324 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000120 + Atrophy + + + + ns1:BIKO_000120 + Wasting or decrease in size of a cell, tissue, or organ as a result of disuse, injury, or nutritional deficiency. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000121 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000121 + 2022-10-12T18:05:53.532129Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000121 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000171 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000121 + Autophagy + + + + ns1:BIKO_000121 + The digestion of cellular components by the cell's own lysosomes. This can proceed by formation of intracellular membrane compartments that fuse with lysosomes or by direct import of the cell's components into lysosomes. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000122 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000122 + 2022-10-12T18:06:49.8081Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000122 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000152 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000122 + Cell death + + + + ns1:BIKO_000122 + Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000123 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000123 + 2022-10-19T19:14:27.940056Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000123 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000123 + Physical quality + + + + ns1:BIKO_000123 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000123 + A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000123 + relational physical quality + + + + ns1:BIKO_000124 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000124 + 2022-10-12T18:09:46.306276Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000124 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000208 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000124 + Cell cycle + + + + ns1:BIKO_000124 + The period between the formation of a cell by division of its mother cell and the time when the cell itself divides to form two daughter cells. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000125 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000125 + 2022-10-12T18:10:33.841826Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000125 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000040 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000125 + Apoptosis + + + + ns1:BIKO_000125 + A form of programmed cell death that begins when a cell receives internal or external signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, proceeds through a series of characteristic stages typically including rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), and plasma membrane blebbing (but maintenance of its integrity until the final stages of the process), and ends with the death of the cell. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000126 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000126 + 2022-10-12T18:11:15.965626Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000126 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000007 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000126 + Autophagic cell death + + + + ns1:BIKO_000126 + Cell death induced by autophagy. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000127 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000127 + 2022-10-12T18:11:56.146626Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000127 + Glial cell death + + + + ns1:BIKO_000127 + A biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a glial cell. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000128 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000128 + 2022-10-12T18:12:40.156387Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000128 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000286 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000128 + Necrotic cell death + + + + ns1:BIKO_000128 + Cell death induced by necrosis. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000129 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000129 + 2022-10-12T18:13:16.697697Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000129 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000354 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000129 + Neuronal cell death + + + + ns1:BIKO_000129 + Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a neuronal cell. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000130 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000130 + 2022-10-12T18:14:15.821259Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000130 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000264 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000130 + Degeneration + + + + ns1:BIKO_000130 + The process whereby a cell, tissue, or organ changes to a less specialized or functionally less active form. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000131 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000131 + 2022-10-12T18:14:54.913474Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000131 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000180 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000131 + axon degeneration + + + + ns1:BIKO_000131 + The death and subsequent loss of axons following disease, insult, or injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000132 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000132 + 2022-10-12T18:16:09.198231Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000132 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000374 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000132 + neuron degeneration + + + + ns1:BIKO_000132 + The death and subsequent loss of neurons following disease, insult, or injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000133 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000133 + 2022-10-12T18:17:03.415827Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000133 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000066 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000133 + Functional recovery + + + + ns1:BIKO_000133 + A return to a normal state of nervous system function following injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000134 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000134 + 2022-10-12T18:17:49.037538Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000134 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0008042 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000134 + Gene expression + + + + ns1:BIKO_000134 + The conversion of genetic information in DNA to RNA, through transcription, and/or, in the case of protein coding genes, of mRNA into protein, through translation. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000135 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000135 + 2022-10-12T18:18:36.370143Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000135 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000102 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000135 + Immune response + + + + ns1:BIKO_000135 + In the periphery, a state of altered reactivity in the innate and/or adaptive immune system as a result of exposure to antigen. In the central nervous system, this is almost exclusively in the innate immune system as a result of infection, and is associated mainly with resident microglia. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000136 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000136 + 2022-10-19T19:14:35.809108Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000136 + https://www.fsps.muni.cz/emuni/data/reader/book-2/08.html + + + + ns1:BIKO_000136 + External force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000136 + External forces are forces resulting from the interaction between human body and its environment. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000137 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000137 + 2022-10-12T18:20:03.944832Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000137 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000174 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000137 + Inflammation + + + + ns1:BIKO_000137 + A response to injury or infection involving the migration and activation of inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils, macrophages/microglia, and lymphocytes. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000138 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000138 + 2022-10-12T18:20:50.456961Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000138 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000377 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000138 + mRNA translation + + + + ns1:BIKO_000138 + The process by which a particular sequence of bases in messenger RNA (mRNA) determines a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain during protein and peptide biosynthesis. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000139 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000139 + 2022-10-12T18:21:26.204616Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000139 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000142 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000139 + Neuroprotection + + + + ns1:BIKO_000139 + The mechanisms and strategies used to protect against neuronal injury or degeneration in the central nervous system following insult, injury, or disease. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000140 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000140 + 2022-10-12T18:22:13.312397Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000140 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000038 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000140 + Phosphorylation + + + + ns1:BIKO_000140 + The addition of phosphate groups to a molecule. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000141 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000141 + 2022-10-12T18:23:06.713103Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000141 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/RB/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fregenbase.org%2Fontology%23RB_0000251 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000141 + Protein synthesis + + + + ns1:BIKO_000141 + The process through which activated amino acids are polymerized to form polypeptides through association with mRNA and transfer RNAs on ribosomes. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000142 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000142 + 2022-10-12T18:39:11.363498Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000142 + Closed head injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000142 + blunt head injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000143 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000143 + 2022-10-12T18:39:37.460641Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000143 + Open head injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000143 + penetrating brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000144 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000144 + 2022-10-19T12:21:45.305276Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000144 + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acquired_brain_injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000144 + Acquired brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000144 + Brain damage caused by events after birth, rather than as part of a genetic or congenital disorder such as fetal alcohol syndrome, perinatal illness or perinatal hypoxia.[ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000145 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000145 + 2022-11-07T18:18:17.296021Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000145 + Concussion + + + + ns1:BIKO_000146 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000146 + 2022-10-19T18:18:19.176899Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000146 + occursIn + + + + ns1:BIKO_000146 + b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t + + + + ns1:BIKO_000147 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000147 + 2022-10-19T18:46:20.907662Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000147 + Organ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000148 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000148 + 2022-10-19T18:49:25.337193Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000148 + Regional part of brain + + + + ns1:BIKO_000149 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000149 + 2022-10-19T19:18:44.80596Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000149 + https://www.fsps.muni.cz/emuni/data/reader/book-2/08.html + + + + ns1:BIKO_000149 + Contact force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000149 + Contact forces are forces that act at the point of contact between two objects. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000150 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000150 + 2022-10-19T18:58:55.175862Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000150 + partOf + + + + ns1:BIKO_000150 + A core relation that holds between a part and its whole + + + + ns1:BIKO_000151 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000151 + 2022-10-19T19:18:53.783783Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000151 + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-contact_force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000151 + Non-contact force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000151 + A non-contact force is a force which acts on an object without coming physically in contact with it + + + + ns1:BIKO_000152 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000152 + 2022-10-19T20:56:47.151876Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000152 + https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2308-8813 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000152 + Traumatic brain injury attribute + + + + ns1:BIKO_000152 + A characteristic or quality associated with traumatic brain injury, + + + + ns1:BIKO_000153 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000153 + 2022-10-21T06:01:37.381714Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000153 + characterizedBy + + + + ns1:BIKO_000154 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000154 + 2022-10-19T20:59:10.155443Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000154 + injury progression + + + + ns1:BIKO_000155 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000155 + 2022-10-19T20:59:40.469083Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000155 + Severity of injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000156 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000156 + 2022-10-19T21:00:02.847928Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000156 + Distribution of structural damage + + + + ns1:BIKO_000158 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000158 + 2022-10-19T21:24:57.168284Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000158 + http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000094 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000158 + Algorithm + + + + ns1:BIKO_000158 + http://semanticscience.org/resource/SIO_000094 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000158 + An algorithm is an effective method expressed as a finite list of well-defined instructions for calculating a function. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000161 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000161 + 2022-11-09T08:39:44.089814Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000161 + Impact parameters + + + + ns1:BIKO_000162 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000162 + 2022-11-09T08:41:12.853929Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000162 + Impact velocity + + + + ns1:BIKO_000164 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000164 + 2022-10-21T02:05:36.273351Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000164 + https://byjus.com/physics/non-contact-force/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000164 + Gravitational force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000164 + The gravitation is a force of attraction between all bodies with mass. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000165 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000165 + 2022-10-21T02:07:14.898428Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000165 + https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zyxv97h/revision/1 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000165 + Reaction force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000165 + The force exerted in the opposite direction to an action force. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000166 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000166 + 2022-10-21T02:08:22.02783Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000166 + https://byjus.com/physics/force-contact-force-non-contact-force/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000166 + Frictional force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000166 + The force exerted by a surface against the motion of a body across its surface. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000167 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000167 + 2022-10-21T02:09:19.169039Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000167 + https://byjus.com/physics/force-contact-force-non-contact-force/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000167 + Applied force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000167 + The force which is applied to an object by another object. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000168 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000168 + 2022-10-21T02:09:47.67083Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000168 + https://byjus.com/physics/force-contact-force-non-contact-force/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000168 + Normal force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000168 + The support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another fixed or stable object. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000169 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000169 + 2022-10-21T02:12:15.6706Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000169 + https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/gravitational%20force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000169 + Electrostatic force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000169 + The force of attraction between all masses in the universe; especially the attraction of the earth's mass for bodies near its surface + + + + ns1:BIKO_000170 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000170 + 2022-10-21T02:13:21.058787Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000170 + https://examples.yourdictionary.com/contact-force-examples-different-types-physics + + + + ns1:BIKO_000170 + Air resistance force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000170 + The force exerted on an object when it comes in contact with air by traveling through it. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000171 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000171 + 2022-11-09T08:41:47.504691Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000171 + Impact duration + + + + ns1:BIKO_000172 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000172 + 2022-10-21T05:04:37.259764Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000172 + https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/newtlaws/U2L2b.cfm#spring + + + + ns1:BIKO_000172 + Tension force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000172 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002284 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000172 + The force that is transmitted through a string, rope, cable or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000173 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000173 + 2022-10-21T05:05:27.684241Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000173 + https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/newtlaws/U2L2b.cfm#spring + + + + ns1:BIKO_000173 + Spring force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000173 + The force exerted by a compressed or stretched spring upon any object that is attached to it. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000174 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000174 + 2022-10-21T05:47:05.397748Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000174 + causedBy + + + + ns1:BIKO_000175 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000175 + 2022-10-21T05:57:16.044823Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000175 + Impact depth + + + + ns1:BIKO_000176 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000176 + 2022-10-21T06:04:45.377124Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000176 + Mechanisms of insult + + + + ns1:BIKO_000178 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000178 + 2022-11-09T13:05:16.977115Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000178 + breach skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_000179 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000179 + 2022-11-09T08:43:52.7658Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000179 + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniotomy + + + + ns1:BIKO_000179 + Craniotomy + + + + ns1:BIKO_000179 + A craniotomy is a surgical operation in which a bone flap is temporarily removed from the skull to access the brain. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000180 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000180 + 2022-11-09T13:00:22.941796Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000180 + Skull integrity + + + + ns1:BIKO_000184 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000184 + 2022-11-09T08:46:31.072748Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000184 + https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560922/ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000184 + Craniectomy + + + + ns1:BIKO_000184 + A neurosurgical procedure in which part of the skull is removed to allow a swelling brain room to expand without being squeezed. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000185 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000185 + 2022-10-23T19:30:36.416558Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000185 + AnimalSexTyp + + + + ns1:BIKO_000186 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000186 + 2022-10-23T19:32:01.99624Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000186 + BirthSexAssignTyp + + + + ns1:BIKO_000188 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000188 + 2022-10-23T19:33:25.480738Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000188 + Age value + + + + ns1:BIKO_000189 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000189 + 2022-10-23T19:34:38.693927Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000189 + C00008 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000191 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000191 + 2022-10-23T19:35:25.590633Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000191 + C58676 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000193 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000193 + 2022-10-24T09:27:03.354939Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000193 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003129 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000193 + Organ system subdivision + + + + ns1:BIKO_000193 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003129 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000193 + Anatomical structure that is part of the head consisting entirely of cranium and mandible + + + + ns1:BIKO_000194 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000194 + 2022-10-24T09:27:26.30718Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000194 + Subdivision of skeletal system + + + + ns1:BIKO_000195 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000195 + 2022-10-24T09:27:33.47974Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000195 + skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_000196 + layer of meninges, meninx primitiva, +meningeal layer + + + + ns1:BIKO_000196 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000196 + 2022-10-24T09:29:21.094713Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000196 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002360 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000196 + Meninx + + + + ns1:BIKO_000196 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EMAPA_32660 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000196 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002360 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000196 + Membrane organ that surrounds the brain and the spinal cord. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000197 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000197 + 2022-10-24T09:29:35.851648Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000197 + Brain meninx + + + + ns1:BIKO_000198 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000198 + 2022-10-24T09:29:52.190912Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000198 + Brain arachnoid mater + + + + ns1:BIKO_000199 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000199 + 2022-10-24T09:30:05.695686Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000199 + Brain dura mater + + + + ns1:BIKO_000200 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000200 + 2022-10-24T09:30:20.169425Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000200 + Brain pia mater + + + + ns1:BIKO_000201 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000201 + 2022-10-24T09:30:36.418317Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000201 + Forebrain meninges + + + + ns1:BIKO_000202 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000202 + 2022-10-24T09:30:51.215012Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000202 + Meninx of hindbrain + + + + ns1:BIKO_000203 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000203 + 2022-10-24T09:31:32.470651Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000203 + Meninx of midbrain + + + + ns1:BIKO_000204 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000204 + 2022-10-24T09:34:05.053303Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000204 + mammalia + + + + ns1:BIKO_000205 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000205 + 2022-10-24T09:34:40.545616Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000205 + primate + + + + ns1:BIKO_000206 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000206 + 2022-10-24T09:34:51.86939Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000206 + chimpanzee + + + + ns1:BIKO_000207 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000207 + 2022-10-24T09:35:10.448707Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000207 + human + + + + ns1:BIKO_000208 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000208 + 2022-10-24T09:35:25.258674Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000208 + monkey + + + + ns1:BIKO_000209 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000209 + 2022-10-24T09:35:43.703703Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000209 + rodentia + + + + ns1:BIKO_000210 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000210 + 2022-10-24T09:36:09.549807Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000210 + muridae + + + + ns1:BIKO_000211 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000211 + 2022-10-24T09:36:21.066566Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000211 + mouse + + + + ns1:BIKO_000212 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000212 + 2022-10-24T09:36:26.587001Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000212 + rat + + + + ns1:BIKO_000213 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000213 + 2022-10-24T09:37:41.575757Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000213 + Biological macromolecule + + + + ns1:BIKO_000214 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000214 + 2022-10-24T09:37:51.301159Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000214 + DNA + + + + ns1:BIKO_000215 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000215 + 2022-10-24T09:37:56.734116Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000215 + RNA + + + + ns1:BIKO_000216 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000216 + 2022-10-24T09:38:06.15151Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000216 + Protein + + + + ns1:BIKO_000217 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000217 + 2022-10-24T09:38:55.890802Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000217 + Gene + + + + ns1:BIKO_000218 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000218 + 2022-10-24T09:39:49.563971Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000218 + http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000324 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000218 + Cell type + + + + ns1:BIKO_000218 + http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000324 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000218 + A cell type is a distinct morphological or functional form of cell. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000219 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000219 + 2022-10-24T09:39:56.202344Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000219 + http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000324 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000219 + Nervous system cell + + + + ns1:BIKO_000219 + A nervous system cell type is a distinct morphological or functional form of cell. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000220 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000220 + 2022-10-24T09:40:44.889483Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000220 + Glial brain cell + + + + ns1:BIKO_000221 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000221 + 2022-10-24T09:42:51.298331Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000221 + Neuron cell + + + + ns1:BIKO_000222 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000222 + 2022-10-24T09:43:03.522009Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000222 + Astrocyte + + + + ns1:BIKO_000223 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000223 + 2022-10-24T09:43:12.737409Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000223 + Microglial cell + + + + ns1:BIKO_000224 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000224 + 2022-10-28T22:26:59.325123Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000224 + Moderate traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000225 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000225 + 2022-10-28T22:27:13.401633Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000225 + Severe traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000226 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000226 + 2022-11-07T17:51:10.791238Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000226 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000226 + Chemical role + + + + ns1:BIKO_000226 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000226 + A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a chemical context. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000227 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000227 + 2022-11-07T17:51:26.884224Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000227 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000040 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000227 + Drug role + + + + ns1:BIKO_000227 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000227 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000040 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000227 + A role borne by a molecular entity and is realized in a process of absorption by an organism alters, or effects (or is assumed to effect) a function(s) which inhere in an organism + + + + ns1:BIKO_000227 + drug + + + + ns1:BIKO_000229 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000229 + 2022-11-01T21:18:24.127408Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000229 + Impact speed + + + + ns1:BIKO_000230 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000230 + 2022-11-01T21:19:38.551188Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000230 + Excitotoxicity + + + + ns1:BIKO_000231 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000231 + 2022-11-01T21:19:56.611856Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000231 + Mitochondrial dysfunction + + + + ns1:BIKO_000232 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000232 + 2022-11-07T17:51:45.813426Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000232 + Software manufacture + + + + ns1:BIKO_000232 + http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0001740 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000233 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000233 + 2022-11-07T18:20:15.175496Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000233 + Diffuse axonal injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000234 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000234 + 2022-11-07T18:20:33.291569Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000234 + Brain edema + + + + ns1:BIKO_000235 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000235 + 2022-11-07T18:20:50.756623Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000235 + Intracranial hematoma + + + + ns1:BIKO_000236 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000236 + 2022-11-07T18:21:16.045652Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000236 + Skull fracture + + + + ns1:BIKO_000237 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000237 + 2022-11-07T18:21:52.781049Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000237 + Coup-contrecoup brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000238 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000238 + 2022-11-07T18:25:17.554166Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000238 + Epidural hematoma + + + + ns1:BIKO_000239 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000239 + 2022-11-07T18:25:33.661675Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000239 + Subdural hematoma + + + + ns1:BIKO_000240 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000240 + 2022-11-07T18:25:47.780698Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000240 + Subarachnoid hemorrhage + + + + ns1:BIKO_000241 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000241 + 2022-11-07T18:26:04.589271Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000241 + Intracerebral hematoma + + + + ns1:BIKO_000242 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000242 + 2022-11-07T18:26:23.452762Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000242 + Intraventricular hemorrhage + + + + ns1:BIKO_000243 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000243 + 2022-11-07T18:26:41.96597Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000243 + Linear skull fracture + + + + ns1:BIKO_000244 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000244 + 2022-11-07T18:26:52.85917Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000244 + Depressed skull fracture + + + + ns1:BIKO_000245 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000245 + 2022-11-07T18:27:04.611152Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000245 + Basilar skull fracture + + + + ns1:BIKO_000246 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000246 + 2022-11-07T18:28:41.248553Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000246 + isTypeOf + + + + ns1:BIKO_000247 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000247 + 2022-11-07T18:31:57.034149Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000247 + Cortical contusion + + + + ns1:BIKO_000251 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000251 + 2022-11-09T03:08:42.675975Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000251 + Barnes maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000252 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000252 + 2022-11-09T03:08:52.762185Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000252 + Beam walk test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000252 + ns1:BIKO_00583 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000252 + ns1:BIKO_00584 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000252 + ns1:BIKO_00585 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000252 + ns1:BIKO_00589 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000252 + ns1:BIKO_00591 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000252 + ns1:BIKO_00592 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000252 + ns1:BIKO_00593 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000257 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000257 + 2022-11-09T03:09:50.218707Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000257 + Cylinder test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000257 + ns1:BIKO_00575 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000257 + ns1:BIKO_00577 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000257 + ns1:BIKO_00578 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000257 + ns1:BIKO_00579 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000257 + ns1:BIKO_00580 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000257 + ns1:BIKO_00581 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000257 + ns1:BIKO_00582 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000258 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000258 + 2022-11-09T03:10:00.900417Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000258 + Elevated Plus Maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000259 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000259 + 2022-11-09T03:10:12.75245Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000259 + Elevated Zero Maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000261 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000261 + 2022-11-09T03:10:31.556307Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000261 + Fear conditioning test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000262 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000262 + 2022-11-09T03:10:41.03Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000262 + Forced swim test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000263 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000263 + 2022-11-09T03:10:50.839239Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000263 + Galveston orientation and amnesia Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000267 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000267 + 2022-11-09T03:11:36.087335Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000267 + Inclined plane test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000268 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000268 + 2022-11-09T03:11:45.076393Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000268 + Injury severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_000268 + ISS + + + + ns1:BIKO_000271 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000271 + 2022-11-09T03:12:37.635382Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000271 + Limb placing test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000272 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000272 + 2022-11-09T03:12:47.019442Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000272 + Marble burying test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000273 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000273 + 2022-11-09T03:12:58.71461Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000273 + Morris water maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000274 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000274 + 2022-11-09T03:13:11.94614Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000274 + Neurological severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_000274 + NSS + + + + ns1:BIKO_000275 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000275 + 2022-11-09T03:13:23.407862Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000275 + Neuropsychological functioning test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000276 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000276 + 2022-11-09T03:13:34.547853Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000276 + Novel object recognition test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000277 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000277 + 2022-11-09T03:13:45.503361Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000277 + Object retrieval test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000277 + reach-and-grasp test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000278 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000278 + 2022-11-09T03:14:07.020687Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000278 + Open field Test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000279 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000279 + 2022-11-09T03:14:18.597413Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000279 + Partition test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000280 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000280 + 2022-11-09T03:14:29.596587Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000280 + Porsolt’s forced swim test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000281 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000281 + 2022-11-09T03:14:40.838338Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000281 + Predatory odor test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000282 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000282 + 2022-11-09T03:14:52.202975Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000282 + Radial maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000285 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000285 + 2022-11-09T03:15:30.665049Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000285 + Righting reflex test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000286 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000286 + 2022-11-09T03:15:40.360464Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000286 + Rope grip test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000287 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000287 + 2022-11-09T03:15:51.278499Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000287 + Rotarod test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000288 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000288 + 2022-11-09T03:38:13.525236Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000288 + Rotating pole test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000290 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000290 + 2022-11-09T03:38:34.812786Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000290 + Startle response test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000291 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000291 + 2022-11-09T03:38:47.64918Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000291 + String test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000292 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000292 + 2022-11-09T03:38:58.197199Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000292 + Sucrose preference test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000293 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000293 + 2022-11-09T03:39:10.32829Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000293 + T maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000294 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000294 + 2022-11-09T03:39:21.631331Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000294 + Tail suspension test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000298 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000298 + 2022-11-09T03:40:34.739294Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000298 + Y maze test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000299 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000299 + 2022-11-09T03:41:37.262685Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000299 + extended Glasgow Coma Scale + + + + ns1:BIKO_000299 + eGCS + + + + ns1:BIKO_000300 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000300 + 2022-11-09T03:41:49.266591Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000300 + Glasgow Coma Scale + + + + ns1:BIKO_000300 + GCS + + + + ns1:BIKO_000301 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000301 + 2022-11-09T03:42:19.682399Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000301 + modified Neurological severity score + + + + ns1:BIKO_000301 + mNSS + + + + ns1:BIKO_000302 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000302 + 2022-11-09T13:07:23.034636Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000302 + ns2:C38101 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000302 + X-Ray test + + + + ns1:BIKO_000302 + A test that uses a plain radiograph to examine the emission of x-rays to form an image of the structure penetrated by the radiation. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000302 + Plain Radiograph test, Radiographic Imaging test, X-Ray + + + + ns1:BIKO_000304 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000304 + 2022-11-09T13:12:45.504999Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000304 + Surgery + + + + ns1:BIKO_000305 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000305 + 2022-11-09T13:16:39.154435Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000305 + non breach skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_000306 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000306 + 2022-11-09T13:19:19.312454Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000306 + hasSkullFeature + + + + ns1:BIKO_000308 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000308 + 2022-11-09T13:23:45.319409Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000308 + hasModelFeature + + + + ns1:BIKO_000310 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000310 + 2022-11-09T13:28:27.359086Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000310 + hasInjuryFeature + + + + ns1:BIKO_000314 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000314 + 2022-11-09T13:50:43.250272Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000314 + Non-traumatic brain injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_000315 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000315 + 2022-11-09T14:15:56.111382Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000315 + hasPrimaryInjurySite + + + + ns1:BIKO_000316 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000316 + 2022-11-09T14:20:54.674454Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000316 + Sagittal suture + + + + ns1:BIKO_000317 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000317 + 2022-11-09T14:23:21.90732Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000317 + Controlled cortical impact device + + + + ns1:BIKO_000318 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000318 + 2022-11-09T14:23:34.418363Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000318 + Pneumatic impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_000319 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000319 + 2022-11-09T14:23:47.881804Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000319 + Electromagnetic impactor + + + + ns1:BIKO_000321 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000321 + 2022-11-09T14:35:27.593631Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000321 + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explosion + + + + ns1:BIKO_000321 + Explosive force + + + + ns1:BIKO_000321 + http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/285679004 + + + + ns1:BIKO_000321 + A force that is transmitted from an explosion and is released in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the explosive. + + + + ns1:BIKO_000322 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000322 + 2022-11-09T14:57:52.869421Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000322 + InjuryVariantFeature + + + + ns1:BIKO_000323 + MCSZ + + + + ns1:BIKO_000323 + 2022-11-11T13:50:26.153666Z + + + + ns1:BIKO_000323 + observedIn + + + + ns1:BIKO_00400 + hasTBIModelDevice + + + + ns1:BIKO_00403 + hasOrganism + + + + ns1:BIKO_00405 + Fluid percussion device + + + + ns1:BIKO_00406 + Weight drop device + + + + ns1:BIKO_00407 + Blast model device + + + + ns1:BIKO_00408 + explosive device + + + + ns1:BIKO_00409 + blast tube device + + + + ns1:BIKO_00410 + shock tube device + + + + ns1:BIKO_00411 + Nucleic acid + + + + ns1:BIKO_00412 + isDefinedBy + + + + ns1:BIKO_00414 + Removal of portion of skull + + + + ns1:BIKO_00415 + eukaryota + + + + ns1:BIKO_00416 + animal + + + + ns1:BIKO_00417 + vertebrata + + + + ns1:BIKO_00418 + artiodactyla + + + + ns1:BIKO_00419 + bovidae + + + + ns1:BIKO_00425 + causedByTBIEvent + + + + ns1:BIKO_00426 + hasTBIModel + + + + ns1:BIKO_00429 + Injury event + + + + ns1:BIKO_00434 + hasTBIEvent + + + + ns1:BIKO_00437 + manual skull breach + + + + ns1:BIKO_00438 + organic injury skull breach + + + + ns1:BIKO_00440 + hasEvent + + + + ns1:BIKO_00444 + Penetration by a sharp object + + + + ns1:BIKO_00445 + Focal + + + + ns1:BIKO_00446 + Diffuse + + + + ns1:BIKO_00447 + Contact with a blunt object + + + + ns1:BIKO_00448 + Contussion + + + + ns1:BIKO_00449 + Brain hematoma + + + + ns1:BIKO_00452 + Intraparenchymal hematoma + + + + ns1:BIKO_00453 + Epidural hematoma + + + + ns1:BIKO_00454 + Subdural hematoma + + + + ns1:BIKO_00455 + Hypoxic ischemic injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_00457 + causedByEvent + + + + ns1:BIKO_00460 + hasSkullInjury + + + + ns1:BIKO_00461 + isAboutTBI + + + + ns1:BIKO_00462 + Anatomical point + + + + ns1:BIKO_00463 + Bregma + + + + ns1:BIKO_00464 + Lambda + + + + ns1:BIKO_00465 + Cortical tissue loss + + + + ns1:BIKO_00466 + Axonal injury + + + + ns1:BIKO_00467 + Hippocampal degeneration + + + + ns1:BIKO_00468 + Thalamic degeneration + + + + ns1:BIKO_00469 + Oxidative stress + + + + ns1:BIKO_00470 + Personal protective equipment + + + + ns1:BIKO_00471 + Helmet + + + + ns1:BIKO_00472 + Free-falling rod + + + + ns1:BIKO_00473 + Weight device + + + + ns1:BIKO_00474 + Metal disk + + + + ns1:BIKO_00543 + Memory + + + + ns1:BIKO_00543 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007613 + + + + ns1:BIKO_00544 + http://purl.org/biotop/biotop.owl#BiologicalFunction + + + + ns1:BIKO_00544 + Biological function + + + + ns1:BIKO_00544 + http://purl.org/biotop/biotop.owl#BiologicalFunction + + + + ns1:BIKO_00545 + Learning function + + + + ns1:BIKO_00546 + Motor function + + + + ns1:BIKO_00549 + Cognition function + + + + ns1:BIKO_00549 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050890 + + + + ns1:BIKO_00550 + isAboutFunction + + + + ns1:BIKO_00551 + hasPMID + + + + ns1:BIKO_00552 + hasDOI + + + + ns1:BIKO_00553 + hasTBIModelClass + + + + ns1:BIKO_00554 + hasPaperTBIModel + + + + ns1:BIKO_00555 + hasStrain + + + + ns1:BIKO_00556 + hasSpecies + + + + ns1:BIKO_00564 + Beam balance test + + + + ns1:BIKO_00565 + Sensory function + + + + ns1:BIKO_00566 + Spatial learning + + + + ns1:BIKO_00567 + Reference memory + + + + ns1:BIKO_00568 + Short-term memory + + + + ns1:BIKO_00569 + hasCDE + + + + ns1:BIKO_00570 + hasClinicalCDE + + + + ns1:BIKO_00571 + hasPreclinicalCDE + + + + ns1:BIKO_00572 + hasPRECISETBICDE + + + + ns1:BIKO_00573 + hasNINDSTBICDE + + + + ns1:BIKO_00574 + hasProtocol + + + + ns1:BIKO_00575 + Cylinder Test - Number of simultaneous contacts of Both forelimbs with cylinder + + + + ns1:BIKO_00575 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00577 + Cylinder Test - Number of contacts of Impaired forelimb with cylinder + + + + ns1:BIKO_00577 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00578 + Cylinder Test - Total Time used for acquisition + + + + ns1:BIKO_00578 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00579 + Cylinder Test - Number of total contacts counted of either limb or both with the cylinder + + + + ns1:BIKO_00579 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00580 + Cylinder Test - Scoring method + + + + ns1:BIKO_00580 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00581 + Cylinder Test - angle of camera + + + + ns1:BIKO_00581 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00582 + Cylinder Test - Indicate if animals were habituation to room prior to testing + + + + ns1:BIKO_00582 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00583 + Beam Walk (BWK) test - latency to goal box time duration + + + + ns1:BIKO_00583 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00584 + Beam Walk (BWK) test - foot slips count + + + + ns1:BIKO_00584 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00585 + Beam Walk (BWK) test - Name and position of the foot counted for slips + + + + ns1:BIKO_00585 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00589 + Beam Walk (BWK) test - Aversive stimuli + + + + ns1:BIKO_00589 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00591 + Beam Walk (BWK) test - beam shape type + + + + ns1:BIKO_00591 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00592 + Beam Walk (BWK) test - beam height value + + + + ns1:BIKO_00592 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00593 + Beam Walk (BWK) test - goal box dimension text + + + + ns1:BIKO_00593 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00594 + Behavioral test + + + + ns1:BIKO_00596 + preciseCDEisAbout + + + + ns1:BIKO_00597 + isAboutCDE + + + + ns1:BIKO_00598 + Rotor rod test - rod speed value at fall + + + + ns1:BIKO_00598 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00599 + Rotor rod test - latency time duration + + + + ns1:BIKO_00599 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00601 + Rotor rod test - final speed value + + + + ns1:BIKO_00601 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00602 + Rotor rod test - start speed value + + + + ns1:BIKO_00602 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00603 + Rotor rod test - rod diameter value + + + + ns1:BIKO_00603 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00604 + Rotor rod test - lane width value + + + + ns1:BIKO_00604 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00605 + Rotor rod test - fall height value + + + + ns1:BIKO_00605 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00606 + Rotor rod test - Apparatus habituation type text + + + + ns1:BIKO_00606 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00607 + Rotor rod test - apparatus habituation indicator + + + + ns1:BIKO_00607 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00608 + Rotor rod test - acceleration type + + + + ns1:BIKO_00608 + + + + + ns1:BIKO_00610 + hasIntegrity + + + + ns1:BIKO_00611 + http://edamontology.org/data_2531 + + + + ns1:BIKO_00611 + Protocol + + + + ns1:BIKO_00611 + http://edamontology.org/data_2531 + + + + ns1:BIKO_00611 + A human-readable collection of information about about how a scientific experiment or analysis was carried out that results in a specific set of data or results used for further analysis or to test a specific hypothesis. + + + + ns1:BIKO_00612 + Traumatic brain injury model protocol + + + + ns1:BIKO_00612 + Instructions, procedures, and methods created by and used in the TBI field to cause a brain injury. + + + + ns1:BIKO_00613 + Controlled cortical impact model protocol + + + + ns1:BIKO_00614 + Blast model protocl + + + + ns1:BIKO_00615 + Fluid percussion model protocol + + + + ns1:BIKO_00616 + Weight drop model protocol + + + + ns1:BIKO_00617 + Injury Model + + + + ns1:BIKO_00617 + Preclinical Model + + + + ns1:BIKO_00619 + article_id + + + + ns1:BIKO_00620 + has_DOI + + + + ns1:BIKO_00621 + hasSex + + + + ns1:BIKO_00622 + hasSpecies + + + + ns1:BIKO_00623 + hasStrain + + + + ns1:BIKO_00675 + hasArticleAssessment + + + + ns1:BIKO_00676 + hasArticleStrain + + + + ns1:BIKO_00677 + hasArticleSex + + + + ns1:BIKO_00678 + hasArticleStrain_substrain + + + + ns1:BIKO_00679 + hasArticleWeight + + + + ns1:BIKO_00680 + hasArticleWeight_gram + + + + ns1:BIKO_00681 + hasArticleWeight_kilogram + + + + ns1:BIKO_00682 + hasArticleTBIModel_DeviceType + + + + ns1:BIKO_00683 + hasArticleSpecies + + + + ns1:BIKO_00684 + hasArticleAge + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +